JP4973112B2 - A system comprising a charging device and a storage battery state detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery state detection device that can be applied to, for example, a lead storage battery for starting an engine of a vehicle.

  In recent years, with the progress of motorization, the proportion of starter battery malfunctions has increased as a cause of vehicle breakdowns that require external rescue, which is one of the major causes. Currently, many vehicles traveling in the city use an engine as a power source, and receive a power supply from a storage battery when the engine is started to drive a starter motor. In such a configuration, the engine cannot be started if a storage battery malfunction occurs.

  Moreover, not only in a vehicle storage battery but also in a storage battery for other uses such as a backup power source, a malfunction of the storage battery has a great adverse effect on the entire system using the storage battery. Therefore, various state detection devices for detecting the remaining life of the storage battery, the usable time, and the like have been proposed for the purpose of preventing the malfunction of the storage battery.

The storage battery status detection device simply samples the terminal voltage, internal resistance, or various data such as the battery temperature over time from a simple one that indicates the remaining capacity of the storage battery from the terminal voltage of the storage battery. Then, these sampling data and parameters indicating the storage battery state obtained by calculation from these sampling data are stored in the memory, and the sampling data and parameter history are read out from this memory as appropriate and reflected in the state detection. Techniques have also been proposed.

  In the state detection device having the memory for storing the latter sampling data and the parameter indicating the storage battery state, it is possible to infer the usage history of the storage battery by reading various data stored in the memory. For example, in the case of the vehicular storage battery, when the charging voltage is significantly lower than the standard value continuously, it is understood that the charging device on the device side is out of order. In addition, when the battery voltage drops continuously for a long time, overdischarge due to forgetting to turn off the switch between the load and the battery, etc. has progressed, etc.Causal relationship between the storage battery usage history / environment and the battery condition This makes it possible to take appropriate measures against storage battery deterioration.

  As a method for reading out data such as sampling data and storage battery state parameters stored in the storage battery state detection device out of the device, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a state detection device built in the storage battery. The history data in the memory is sent to the outside of the battery as a light emission signal using this light emitting element, and received by the separately provided light receiving element. A configuration for reading is shown.

  In Patent Document 1, it is shown that when reading history data in a memory, transmission of a light emission signal is started by operating a separately provided switch.

  However, in the state detection device described in Patent Document 1, a mechanical switch is required to switch the control from the normal state detection operation to the history data transmission mode to the outside. Especially in lead-acid batteries for start-up, this switch is exposed to high heat from the engine room and may come into contact with acid mist released from the battery body, resulting in a problem that the switch malfunctions. .

  In addition, since it is necessary to secure the storage capacity of the switch in the apparatus main body, there has been a problem that the apparatus main body becomes larger and the apparatus main body becomes more expensive due to the price of the switch main body.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses that data stored in a storage battery test module (state detection device) is output to the storage battery test module by inputting a predetermined access code to an input unit provided in the storage battery test module. It is shown to output to the part.

In Patent Document 2, in order to perform data output, it is necessary to separately provide an input unit and an output unit in the storage battery test module. As a result, the number of components of the storage battery test module increases, and the price becomes higher. Therefore, it has become a burden for the user who purchases the storage battery.
JP 2005-327604 A JP 2003-264209 A

  The present invention relates to a storage battery state detection device having a nonvolatile memory for storing sampling data such as storage battery voltage and internal resistance, or parameters indicating the state of the storage battery obtained from the sampling data. The state of the storage battery that is inexpensive and highly reliable as a whole by configuring the external output unit of the information stored in the memory and the signal input unit for controlling the external output operation and memory reset at a lower cost An object is to provide a detection device.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a system including a charging device that charges a storage battery and a state detection device of the storage battery , and the state detection device is a terminal of the storage battery. The storage battery is connected via a signal line, and displays the remaining capacity or life state of the storage battery based on the inter-terminal voltage or the internal resistance of the storage battery. Supplied from the storage battery, the state detection device has a non-volatile memory for storing the voltage between the terminals or the internal resistance value, and / or parameter information related to the state of the storage battery obtained therefrom, information in the signal line, by applying a predetermined voltage waveform including a high voltage exceeds the maximum charging voltage of the charging device, which is stored in the nonvolatile memory And outputs to the outside, or to erase the information stored in the nonvolatile memory, shows a system consisting of a charging device and the battery state detection device.

The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the signal line and the power supply line are made common in the system comprising the charging device and storage battery state detection device of claim 1.

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention outputs the information stored in the nonvolatile memory as an optical signal in either the charging device or the storage battery state detection device according to claim 1 or 2 . A light emitting device for external output is provided.

Further, the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the storage battery state detection device according to claim 3 , comprising a state display light emitting device for displaying the state of the storage battery, and the state display light emitting device and the external output device. It is also used as a light emitting device.

  According to the present invention, when the information stored in the nonvolatile memory built in the storage battery state detection device is output, or when this information is deleted, the signal input of these processing commands is used to detect the storage battery voltage. Since the signal line is used, it is not necessary to provide a user input unit such as a switch individually for accessing the nonvolatile memory. Therefore, since the number of parts of the state detection device is reduced, the device can be reduced in size and price.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery state detection device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The state detection device 1 includes a pair of power supply lines 2p and 2n and a pair of signal lines 3p and 3n. The power supply lines 2p and 2n and the signal lines 3p and 3n are connected to the storage battery 4 that is a state detection target. The storage battery 4 is connected to a charging device that charges the storage battery 4.

  The state detection device 1 has a stabilized power source 5 for supplying power for operation of the state detection device 1 main body. The storage battery 4 and the stabilized power supply 5 are connected by power lines 2p and 2n. The stabilized power supply 5 includes a microcomputer 6 for performing a state detection operation, an LED 7 for displaying a detection result, and an infrared LED 8 for communication for external communication. Supply power.

The storage battery 4 is connected to an A / D converter 9 built in the microcomputer 6 through signal lines 3p and 3n. The voltage of the storage battery 4 is digitized by the A / D converter 9, and the state of the storage battery 4, such as the remaining capacity or the deterioration state of the storage battery 4, as necessary, based on a predetermined program in the arithmetic logic unit 10. A parameter indicating the usage status of the storage battery 4 is calculated. The parameter may include other information obtained indirectly from the voltage value of the storage battery 4 and reflected in the state detection result, for example, the internal resistance value of the storage battery 4 .

Moreover, although not shown in figure, you may include the storage battery temperature obtained by the temperature sensor provided separately. Further, the usage time of the storage battery obtained by a clock generator (not shown) built in the microcomputer 6 and the change with time of each parameter described above may be included as this parameter. In addition, other data useful for detecting the state of the storage battery, such as history information such as a charger abnormality and an overdischarge abnormality, detected by the transition of the voltage of the storage battery 4 can also be included as parameters.

  Among the parameters indicating the state of the storage battery 4 as described above, information to be notified as a state detection result to the user of the storage battery 4 is displayed using the display means of the state detection device 1. In FIG. 1, the example using LED7 which turns on according to the deterioration state of the storage battery 4 as this display means was shown. In addition, other visual displays using a liquid crystal panel, or auditory display means using sound or the like can be employed.

Various parameters indicating or relating to the voltage or internal resistance of the storage battery 4 and the state of the storage battery 4 obtained therefrom are stored in the nonvolatile memory 11 built in the microcomputer 6 as history information of the storage battery 4. .

In the present invention, by adding a predetermined voltage waveform to the signal lines 3p and 3n, the history information of the storage battery 4 stored in the nonvolatile memory 11 is read and output to the outside of the state detection device 1 or stored in the nonvolatile memory. The stored history information is deleted. And in order to clearly distinguish the voltage fluctuation of the storage battery by using the storage battery and the predetermined voltage waveform for the memory reading and erasing processing, and to suppress erroneous determination, as this predetermined voltage waveform, for example, The voltage waveform (c) shown in FIG. 5 can be applied. The voltage waveform (c) includes a high voltage exceeding the maximum charging voltage of the charging device when the storage battery 4 is charged by a charging device provided in a device using the storage battery 4 such as an alternator mounted on a vehicle. Like that.

  The usage state of the storage battery 4 can be estimated from the history information of the storage battery 4 output externally from the nonvolatile memory. From this, the deterioration factor of the storage battery 4 can be estimated. For example, when the maximum voltage of the storage battery is usually less than the voltage required for charging the storage battery, or conversely, it greatly exceeds the normal charging voltage, it can be inferred that the charging is abnormal. Moreover, since the time balance of discharge / charge and the discharge / charge current in each can be estimated from the storage battery voltage, the charge / discharge electricity amount balance for the storage battery can be estimated, and the storage battery can be determined from the result and the deterioration state of the storage battery 4. It is possible to investigate the deterioration factor.

  In addition, by erasing the history information stored in the nonvolatile memory 11, the state detection device 1 can be replaced with another storage battery. When state detection is performed by referring to history information, when the state detection device 1 is detached from the storage battery 4 and connected to another storage battery, the history of the previously connected storage battery 4 remains in the nonvolatile memory 11. Therefore, the state detection of the storage battery connected later becomes inaccurate. When the history information in the nonvolatile memory 11 is erased, the state detection device can be reused.

In the present invention, an instruction for reading or erasing information stored in the nonvolatile memory 11 is sent to the state detection device 1 from the signal lines 3a and 3b to a voltage higher than the maximum charging voltage of the charging device described above. By adding a predetermined voltage waveform including

  According to the present invention, when the history information in the nonvolatile memory is read or erased, the command signal is input to the signal lines 3a and 3b, so that the memory access as shown in Patent Document 2 is performed. In addition, since the user input unit provided specially is not provided independently for the signal lines 3a and 3b, the number of parts can be reduced, and the state detection device 1 can be reduced in size and price.

  Further, since a mechanical switch for a memory read processing command as used in Patent Document 1 is not required, the number of parts can be reduced, and the state detection device can be reduced in size and price. Is possible. In particular, such a switch is exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere and is in contact with an acid mist from the storage battery, so that a malfunction is likely to occur. However, in the present invention, since a mechanical switch is not required, the state detection device Reliability can be improved.

  Further, since the signal lines 3a and 3b and the power supply lines 2a and 2b can be used in combination, the number of parts can be further reduced, which is more preferable in terms of cost reduction of the state detection device 1.

In the present invention, the predetermined voltage waveform for instructing the reading or erasing process of the nonvolatile memory 11 is a pattern that does not occur during normal use of the storage battery 4 . This is because in the example of the present invention, the signal lines 3a and 3b serve as both the storage battery voltage and internal resistance detection lines and the input line having the predetermined voltage waveform. For example, when the storage battery 4 is used as a lead storage battery for starting a vehicle, various patterns of voltage waveforms are input to the signal lines 3 a and 3 b of the storage battery 4.

  FIG. 4 is an example showing the time change of the terminal voltage of the storage battery 4 when the storage battery 4 is applied to a starting lead storage battery having a nominal voltage of 12 V and the starting cell motor is driven by the storage battery 4 to perform the engine starting operation. is there. The storage battery 4 undergoes a large voltage drop immediately after the start of the cell motor, and is charged from the vehicle side after the engine is started. Therefore, the voltage range pulsates between approximately 6V to 15V.

  When such a voltage pulsation is erroneously determined as a command signal for memory read or memory erase processing, there is a risk that an unnecessary memory read operation may be performed or the memory may be erased inadvertently. Therefore, the voltage waveform as a command signal for each of the above processes can be set to a voltage waveform or detection pattern that does not cause erroneous determination by clearly distinguishing from the voltage pulsation of the storage battery that can be assumed. is necessary.

  The voltage waveform shown in FIG. 5 is an example applied to a 12 V lead-acid battery, and is 13.5 V × 20 msec, 15.75 V × 5 msec, 13.5 V × 5 msec, 15.75 V × 10 msec, 13.5 V × 10 msec, The voltage waveform is 15.75 V × 5 msec, 13.5 V × 5 msec, 15.75 V × 5 msec, 13.5 V × 2 sec.

  The maximum output voltage of the alternator mounted on the vehicle side is normally 15.0 V or less, and does not include 15.75 V included in the voltage waveform (c). Therefore, as long as the alternator is operating normally, the voltage waveform includes the maximum voltage of a charging device such as an alternator connected to the storage battery 4 for voltage fluctuation of the storage battery 4 and memory read or erase processing. It is possible to accurately detect and accurately detect the voltage waveform without misjudging the voltage waveform.

  However, if the alternator fails for some reason, the charging voltage of the storage battery will rise abnormally, and may rise to a high voltage such as 16.0 V, for example. For example, in a 12V battery, the voltage is set to 15.75V. By combining this voltage with a normal charging voltage of 13.5 to 14.5V, a voltage waveform and an alternator failure can be obtained. It can be clearly divided.

  The history information output from the non-volatile memory 11 may be individually provided with an external output port. However, as shown in FIG. 1, it can be output externally using the infrared LED 8 for communication. The light emission signal from the communication infrared LED 8 is received by using an appropriate light receiving element, the received signal is captured by a microcomputer, and a computer memory or a known data reading software and a known data reading software are used. History information in the nonvolatile memory 11 in the state detection device 1 can be stored in a storage means such as a hard disk.

  The communication infrared LED 8 as an external communication element can also be used as the LED 7 arranged for displaying the state detection result. In this case as well, the number of components is reduced, and the state detection device 1 is reduced in size. And cost reduction.

  In FIG. 6, the example of the operation | movement flow of the state detection apparatus 1 of the storage battery in embodiment of this invention is shown. When the storage battery 4 is connected to the signal lines 3a and 3b and the power supply lines 2a and 2b of the state detection device 1, it is detected that a predetermined voltage is applied to the state detection device 1, and the flow of FIG. 6 is repeated.

  The flow may include a step (S1) of determining whether or not the storage battery is in an operating state such as discharging or charging. The operation state of the storage battery can be determined by a voltage change of the storage battery 4.

  When the storage battery 4 is in the operating state, as described above, the step (S2) for detecting a predetermined voltage waveform for instructing reading or erasing processing of history information in the nonvolatile memory 11 may be canceled. In addition, with such a configuration, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination of the voltage fluctuation of the operating storage battery as the predetermined voltage waveform.

  When the step (S1) for determining whether or not the storage battery 4 is in operation is included, when it is detected that the storage battery 4 is not in operation, a predetermined voltage waveform detection step (S2) is entered. In the detection step (S2), the voltage waveform corresponding to the history information reading process command in the nonvolatile memory 11 and the voltage waveform corresponding to the history information erasing process command are classified and detected. The present invention detects at least one of the voltage waveform corresponding to the read processing command and the voltage waveform corresponding to the history information erasing processing command, and performs the subsequent processing.

  That is, when a voltage waveform corresponding to the history information reading process command is detected in the detection step (S2), the history information in the nonvolatile memory 11 is converted into the communication infrared ray as described above in the external output step (S3). By operating the LED 8, it can be output from the state detection device 1 to the outside as an infrared light signal.

If a voltage waveform corresponding to the history information erasure processing command is detected in the detection step (S2), the history information erasure processing in the nonvolatile memory 11 may be executed in the memory erasure step (S4). Thereafter, the state detection step (S5) performs state detection of the storage battery 4 and writing of history information to the nonvolatile memory 11. In addition, this invention does not prescribe | regulate the structure of a state detection step (S5), but can apply the state detection method of a well- known storage battery which detects the remaining lifetime of a storage battery from storage battery voltage or an internal resistance value. .

  In the storage battery state detection device in which the parameters indicating the deterioration state or use state of the storage battery are stored as history information in the internal nonvolatile memory as described above, the history information in the nonvolatile memory is read or erased. At that time, without providing the input part of the command signal individually, by using the signal line connected to the storage battery terminal together with the input part of the command signal, the required number of parts can be reduced, and the state detection device is remarkable. Smaller size, lower price, and improved reliability can be obtained.

  The present invention is extremely effective for downsizing and cost reduction of the state detection device of the storage battery by having the above-described configuration, and includes various uses and types including a lead storage battery for start-up and a lead storage battery for backup power supply. Suitable for storage batteries.

Diagram showing the state detection device Diagram showing examples of voltage waveforms Diagram showing examples of discharge current patterns The figure which shows the example of the voltage change of the lead storage battery for start Diagram showing another example of voltage waveform The figure which shows the operation flow of the state detection device

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 State detection apparatus 2p, 2n Power supply line 3p, 3n Signal line 4 Storage battery 5 Stabilized power supply 6 Microcomputer 7 LED
8 Infrared LED for communication
9 A / D converter 10 Arithmetic logic device 11 Non-volatile memory

Claims (4)

A system comprising a charging device for charging a storage battery and a state detection device for the storage battery , wherein the state detection device is connected via a signal line between terminals of the storage battery, and is connected to a voltage between terminals of the storage battery or an internal resistance . based on, and displays the status of the remaining capacity or lifetime of the battery, drive power of the state detection device is supplied from the battery through the power line, the state detection device, between the terminal voltage or the internal resistance And / or a non-volatile memory that stores parameter information related to the state of the storage battery obtained therefrom, and the signal line includes a predetermined voltage including a high voltage exceeding the maximum charging voltage of the charging device. By applying a waveform, the information stored in the nonvolatile memory is output to the outside or the information stored in the nonvolatile memory is deleted. Performing, and a state detection device of the charging device and the battery system. System consisting of a charging device and the battery status detecting apparatus according to claim 1 you, characterized in that a common and said power supply line and the signal line. The charging device and storage battery state detection device according to claim 1 , further comprising an external output light emitting device that outputs the information stored in the nonvolatile memory as an optical signal. A system consisting of The charging device according to claim 3 , further comprising a light-emitting device for status display that displays the status of the storage battery, wherein the light-emitting device for status display and the light-emitting device for external output are used together. A system consisting of a state detection device.

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