JP4970342B2 - Drainage sheet and its wall structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drainage sheet for escaping spring water that springs from a wall surface and a wall surface structure thereof.

Some civil engineering works require excavation of mountain surfaces in the work process.
A typical example is tunnel construction.
By the way, when a mountain is excavated to construct a tunnel, spring water may come out from the surrounding wall formed by excavation.
The spring water that springs from the excavation surface wets the materials placed inside the anti-interior and deteriorates the internal working environment. Therefore, when making a tunnel, countermeasures against the spring are very important.
Currently, one of the methods adopted as spring water countermeasures is the use of drainage sheets.

The drainage sheet is attached on the primary lining concrete placed on the excavation surface, and the waterproof sheet is installed on the attached water guide sheet, and the secondary lining concrete is placed.
Thus, by attaching the drainage sheet to the wall surface, the spring water travels through the drainage sheet and is guided to the feet of the wall.

  Currently, drainage sheets of various shapes have been developed. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a large number of linear bodies intersect each other and change their directions irregularly in the horizontal direction and in the thickness direction. One side of the impermeable sheet extends from one side to the other, and a sheet-like network formed by adhering these linear bodies to each other at a part of the intersection. There is a water guide sheet that is laminated along the length direction in the middle of the.

Further, as a drainage sheet of another shape, as shown in Patent Document 2, an elastic member having water permeability is arranged and fixed along the longitudinal direction of the sheet main body on one surface side of the sheet main body formed in a band shape, and A water guide sheet has also been developed in which an attachment belt is integrally provided along the longitudinal direction of the seat body at the side edge of the seat body.
JP 2001-59399 A JP 2002-54396 A

However, the drainage capacity of the above-mentioned drainage sheet is not necessarily sufficient, and the amount of water leakage per unit time often exceeds the drainage capacity of the drainage sheet.
Moreover, since the drainage sheet mentioned above is manufactured by combining a plurality of members, there is a problem that the manufacturing process becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost increases.

  The present invention has been developed to solve the above problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a drainage sheet having sufficient drainage capacity and easy to manufacture.

  As a result of intensive studies based on the background of the problems as described above, the present inventor has found that the above problems can be solved by erecting a large number of water guide ribs on the bottom plate, and based on that knowledge, The invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is (1) a drainage sheet comprising a water guide portion for guiding and draining water, and an attachment portion for attaching the water guide portion to a wall surface, the water guide portion comprising a bottom plate and the bottom plate. It consists of a large number of water guide ribs erected from the face plate, the water guide portion and the attachment portion are made of impermeable synthetic resin, and the attachment portion is formed on the same plane as the bottom plate, A part of the attachment portion exists in the drainage sheet having a thickness in the longitudinal direction.

Moreover, this invention exists in the drainage sheet | seat of the said (1) description which ( 2 ) and the water guide paths formed between adjacent water guide ribs are connected by the notch formed in the water guide rib.
The

The present invention (3), notch formed in each water guide rib, said that in alignment in the direction perpendicular to the conductor water rib direction (2) consists in draining sheet according.

Moreover, this invention exists in the drainage sheet of the said (1) description with which ( 4 ) and the said bottom face board are formed with the semi-transparent or transparent synthetic resin.

Moreover, this invention exists in the drainage sheet | seat of the said (1) description which attaches the fiber belt for reinforcement to a longitudinal direction at the attachment part ( 5 ).

Moreover, this invention exists in the drainage sheet | seat of the said (1) description to which ( 7 ) and the fiber yarn are inserted in the longitudinal direction in a part of attachment part.

Moreover, this invention exists in the drainage sheet of the said (1) description by which the water guide path of circular arc shape is formed by the curved water guide rib adjacent to both sides ( 8 ).

Moreover, this invention is a wall surface structure attached so that the front-end | tip of the water conveyance rib of the drainage sheet as described in any one of ( 9 ) and said (1)-( 7 ) may contact | abut along a curved-shaped wall surface. Exist.

  In addition, as long as the objective of this invention is met, the structure which combined said invention suitably is also employable.

The present invention is an impermeable synthetic resin sheet for drainage made of water impervious comprising a water guide part for guiding and draining water, and an attachment part for attaching the water guide part to a wall surface. It consists of a large number of water guide ribs that are erected from the bottom plate.
In the drainage sheet of the present invention, the spring water that has flowed into the water guide section flows along the individual water guide paths partitioned by the water guide ribs.
As a result, the spring water that has entered the drainage sheet of the present invention flows straight so as to be guided along the water guide ribs, the water flow path is arranged, and water does not collide.
As a result, the drainage capacity is greatly increased.

  Since the drainage sheet of the present invention is made of synthetic resin, the entire sheet can be formed integrally, which simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces the manufacturing cost.

  When the attachment portion is formed on the same plane as the bottom plate, when the drainage sheet A is attached to the wall surface, if the attachment portion is pressed against the wall surface, a component force acts and the tip of the water guiding rib 12 is pressed against the wall surface. Is done.

  Since the drainage sheet of the present invention is formed of a translucent or transparent material, the drainage status of the drainage sheet can be easily recognized.

  When nail N is driven in by attaching reinforcing fiber belts in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the drainage sheet, the drainage sheet A made of synthetic resin cracks or the nail head penetrates the drainage sheet A. There is no such thing.

  Since the fiber yarn is inserted in a part of the attachment portion in the longitudinal direction, when the nail is driven, it is prevented that the fiber receives the nail head and the nail penetrates the drainage sheet A.

  The curved water guide ribs adjacent to both sides form a water guide channel having a circular arc cross section, so that the water guide rib 12 presses the wall surface during construction, so that the adhesion between the wall surface and the water guide rib is better. Become.

Embodiment
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a drainage sheet of the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drainage sheet A of this embodiment includes two water guides 10 for guiding and draining water, and drainage sheets A provided at both ends of the water guide part 1 for attaching to a wall surface. It consists of two attachment parts 20.
The water guide section 10 includes a bottom plate 11 and a plurality of water guide ribs 12 that are vertically formed from the bottom plate 11.

A water conduit 14 through which water flows is formed between the pair of water guide ribs 12, and the water is guided and guided in the length direction by the water guide ribs 12.
The height of the water guide ribs 12 and the distance between the water guide ribs 12 are not particularly limited, and may be necessary depending on the amount of spring water per unit time in the actual work site, the environment around the spring location, etc. It is preferable to select an appropriate one.

For example, in the case of the drainage sheet A of the present embodiment, the height of the water guide ribs 12 is 5 to 15 mm, and the distance between the water guide ribs 12 is 5 to 20 mm.
In addition, when raising the drainage capacity of the drainage sheet A, it is preferable to perform a water-repellent treatment on the bottom plate 11 and the water guide ribs 12.

Since the drainage sheet A is formed of a synthetic resin, it can be integrally manufactured by extrusion molding or the like, and is easily manufactured in large quantities.
Further, since the manufactured drainage sheet A has so-called waist due to the flexibility inherent in the synthetic resin and the provision of the water guide ribs 12, the shape of the wall surface to be constructed (for example, the curvature surface shape of the tunnel wall surface) ) Can be easily installed.
That is, when one end portion of the drainage sheet A is gripped, the other end portion is lowered and the whole becomes an appropriate arch shape.

  Further, since the drainage sheet A is formed of a water-impermeable synthetic resin, the spring water does not ooze out to the work site through the drainage sheet A, and the spring water does not adversely affect the environment of the work site.

It is particularly preferable to use a translucent or transparent synthetic resin as a material for forming the bottom plate 11 and the water guide ribs 12.
By forming at least the bottom plate 11 with a translucent or transparent material, the state of drainage of the spring water flowing through the water guide section 10 can be visually recognized, and management of the drainage sheet A during or after construction is simplified.
Moreover, when the drainage sheet A is attached to a construction place where precipitation of free lime is likely to occur, the clogging of the water guide section 10 can be confirmed at a glance, so that efficient maintenance work and maintenance are possible.
From the above viewpoint, materials suitable for forming the water guide portion 10 and the attachment portion 20 are polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage sheet of the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the attachment portion 20 is a plate-like member and is provided on both the left and right sides of the water guide portion 10.
The mounting portion 20 and the bottom plate 11 are integrated, and the mounting portion 20 is formed to extend outward from the bottom plate 11.
The mounting portion 20 is formed on the same plane as the bottom plate 11.

  When the attachment portion 20 is formed in such a shape, when the drainage sheet A is attached to the wall surface (when the construction is attached with the water guide rib 12 facing the wall surface), the attachment portion 20 is pressed against the wall surface. Since the component force acts and the tip of the water guiding rib 12 can be efficiently pressed against the wall surface, it can be attached very accurately.

  Furthermore, since the bottom plate 11 and the mounting portion 20 are integrally formed, they are very firmly coupled and are not easily damaged.

By the way, the spring water that springs out from the wall surface to which the drainage sheet A is attached flows into the water guide channel 14 defined by the water guide ribs 12 adjacent to both sides, and is drained downward through the water guide ribs 12.
That is, the water that has entered the drainage sheet flows straight along the individual water conduits so as to be guided by the water guide ribs, so that the water flow path is arranged and collision between the water streams does not occur.
As a result, the water drainage capacity is greatly increased.

  By the way, in the spring treatment sheet and the water guide sheet of the above-described conventional example, since the loop-shaped monofilament elastic member and the sheet-like net are separately incorporated, the collision between the water flows occurs and there is directionality. Drainage capacity is poor because streamlines are not obtained and flow path resistance is large.

On the other hand, in the present invention, in order to disperse the drainage capacity of the drainage sheet A, it is preferable to form notches 13 in the water guide ribs 12 so that adjacent water guide channels 14 communicate with each other.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing a state when a large amount of water flows into the water guide channel in which the notch is formed.
In the figure, arrows indicate the flow of spring water or the flow of branching.

As shown in FIG. 3, when spring water flows into the water conduit 14a at a flow rate that exceeds the drainage capacity of the water conduit 14a [see (A)], a part of the spring water that has flowed in passes through the notch 13 and the water conduit 14a. And flow into the water conduit 14b adjacent to the water [see (B)].
Also in this case, directional streamlines are ensured as a whole.

  In this way, when the spring water flows excessively into some of the conduits, the drainage of the spring water is shared by multiple conduits, reducing the number of conduits that do not contribute to drainage and improving efficiency. Drainage is possible.

Further, the drainage sheet A of the present invention is wound in the longitudinal direction for storage or transportation. However, the presence of such a notch 13 facilitates winding.
In addition, the number of the notches 13 to be formed, the position where the notches 13 are formed, and the like are not particularly limited.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the notches 13 are formed so as to be aligned in a direction perpendicular to the direction of each of the water guide ribs, an excessive amount of spring water passes through the notches 13. Can be widely dispersed at once.

  Further, when the cutouts 13 aligned in a straight line are manufactured by extrusion molding, they can be easily provided by extruding and then cutting with a heating linear blade.

Next, FIG. 5 is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the example of attachment construction of the waste_water | drain sheet | seat of this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, the drainage sheet A of the present embodiment is attached so that the water guide ribs 12 are along the inner periphery of a curved wall surface (for example, a concrete surface sprayed on a tunnel excavation surface).
And lining concrete is struck on it.
By attaching the drainage sheet A along the arched wall surface in this way, spring water is guided in the direction of the arrow, and is washed away in the direction of the root of the tunnel wall.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schematic cross section in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 (A) shows an XX cross section.
In the case of this construction example, the drainage sheet A of the present invention is attached on the sprayed concrete surface K1 of the tunnel, and the lining concrete K2 is struck on the drainage sheet A.
The drainage sheet A is fixed using a driving pin or the like that is a fixing tool.
FIG. 6B shows a construction example in which a waterproof sheet A1 is further provided on the drainage sheet of FIG.
That is, the drainage sheet A is attached on the sprayed concrete surface K1 of the tunnel, the waterproof sheet A1 is further attached thereon, and the lining concrete K2 is struck on the waterproof sheet A1. .
In the drainage sheet A, since the tips of the individual water guide ribs 12 are in contact with the curved wall surface evenly, the water guide passage is not crushed and narrowed after construction.

It is also possible to provide a multistage drainage structure in which after drainage sheet A is attached and covered, it is further covered on the attached drainage sheet A.
In addition, the lining method on the lining surface after the drainage sheet A is attached is not particularly limited, and the lining that is most suitable for the situation is performed in consideration of the state of the wall surface and the like.

By forming the wall surface structure as described above on the excavation surface of the tunnel, for example, the spring water that springs from the excavation surface can be efficiently discharged.
Moreover, when there is a possibility that the outflow of soil particles from the excavation surface, a drainage sheet A is attached after disposing a water-permeable filter material such as a nonwoven fabric on the excavation surface.
As a result, it is possible to eliminate as much as possible the possibility that the soil particles fall into the water guide section 10 and cause clogging.
By the way, since the drainage sheet A is a long one extruded by a synthetic resin, as shown in FIG. 7, it can be transported in a wound state and can be stored easily.
In particular, it is possible to wind more easily because the water guide rib has a notch.

[Second Embodiment]
When the drainage sheet A is attached to the wall surface, a fixing tool such as a nail N is driven in and attached.
However, when the nail N is driven, there is a possibility that the drainage sheet A formed of the synthetic resin is cracked or the nail head penetrates the drainage sheet A.
In FIG. 8, a reinforcing fiber belt F is attached to the attachment portion 20 of the drainage sheet A so that such a phenomenon does not occur.
In this case, the fiber belt F is preferably attached to the side opposite to the surface on which the water guiding ribs 12 are formed.
For this attachment, for example, adhesion is preferable, but depending on the material of the fiber belt F, welding is also possible.
Moreover, it is preferable that the attachment region of the fiber belt F has a constant width in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the drainage sheet A.
As the form of the fiber belt F, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric is adopted. However, these have a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, and when nails are driven, the nails are tightened by tightening the eyes. There is an advantage of being fixed.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 9 shows a part of the attachment portion 20 of the drainage sheet A made thick. By increasing the thickness, the strength increases. In this case, since the drainage sheet A can be manufactured by extrusion molding, it is possible to easily make a part of the attachment portion 20 thick.
In this case, if the drainage sheet A is attached to the wall surface when the thickness is increased on the surface side where the water guide ribs 12 are formed, a wide area water guide passage is formed in the region of the attachment portion 20.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 10 shows a state in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers F1 are embedded in the attachment portion 20 of the drainage sheet A, and the strength of this portion greatly increases.
As described above, when the nail is driven, the fiber F1 receives the nail head and the nail is prevented from penetrating the drainage sheet A.
As the fiber to be embedded, a multifilament fiber or a monofilament fiber is employed.
From the viewpoint of strength, synthetic fibers are more useful than natural fibers.
Since the drainage sheet A of the present invention is continuously extruded in the longitudinal direction by extrusion molding, it is easy to embed such fibers continuously.

[Fifth Embodiment]
This embodiment is that a water guide channel 14 having a cross-sectional shape different from that of the first embodiment is formed by water guide ribs 12 adjacent to both sides.
FIG. 11 shows a drainage sheet A in which a water guide channel having an arcuate cross section is formed by the water guide ribs 12, and FIG.
In the first embodiment, the water guide section 10 is formed with a water guide path 14 having a U-shaped cross section by the water guide ribs 12 adjacent to both sides, but in this embodiment, the water guide section 10 has a curved shape adjacent to both sides. These water guide ribs 12 form a water guide passage 14 having an arc cross section.
When this drainage sheet is used, the wall guide rib 12 presses the wall surface during construction, so that the adhesion between the wall surface and the water guide rib 12 is improved.

[Sixth Embodiment]
In this embodiment, the height of the water guiding rib 12 of the above-described embodiment is uniform, but the height is different.
FIG. 13 shows the drainage sheet A in which the height of the water guiding ribs is not uniform, and FIG. 14 shows a cross section thereof.
In this case, every other water guiding rib 12 has the same height.
Since the low water guide ribs 12B sandwiched between the high water guide ribs 12A open the water guide channel, the water channel width is widened.
Note that the water guiding function can be sufficiently achieved even with the low water guiding rib 12B.
The drainage sheet described above is used after being drawn out from the wound state and cut into a certain length in the lateral direction according to the situation at the site.
Therefore, color lines are formed at regular intervals as marks for the cutting.

[Seventh Embodiment]
The drainage sheet A of FIG. 15 shows an example in which line marks are given in the width direction of the drainage sheet A in the first embodiment.
In this case, a pair of line marks L (L1, L2) parallel to each other in the width direction are formed at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 15A).
When the line mark L is used as a mark (see FIG. 15B), the line mark L (L1, L2) always remains at the end of the drainage sheet A that has been cut off.
Therefore, the laying length of the line mark L (L1, L2) can be confirmed.
Incidentally, if the line mark is not a pair, it is only left at one of the cut ends.

Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
For example, the attachment portion 20 can be extended outward from the tip of the water guide rib 12 instead of extending from the bottom plate surface 11.

FIG. 16 shows a drainage sheet A having a mounting portion 20 extending outward from the tip of the water guide rib 12, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage sheet A of FIG.
The attachment portion 20 is flush with the position of the tip of the water guide rib 12 (that is, matches the height of the water guide rib 12).
This is useful when connecting the drainage sheets A by overlapping the attachment portions 20 of the drainage sheets.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a drainage sheet of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage sheet of the present embodiment. 3A and 3B are explanatory views schematically showing a state when a large amount of water flows into the water guide channel in which the notch is formed. FIG. 3A is a state in which spring water flows, and FIG. 3B is a state in which spring water flows in. It is a figure which shows the state which is distributed. FIG. 4 is another explanatory view schematically showing a state in which the spring water flowing into the water conduit is dispersed. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example of installation of the drainage sheet according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view in FIG. 5, (A) is a cross-sectional view along XX, and (B) is a diagram showing another construction example. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the drainage sheet of the present embodiment is wound. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the drainage sheet of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of the drainage sheet according to the present invention (thickness of a part of the attachment portion). FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of the drainage sheet of the present invention (in which a plurality of reinforcing fibers are embedded). FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the drainage sheet of the present invention (in which a water guide channel having a circular arc section is formed by a water guide rib). 12 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage sheet of FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the drainage sheet according to the present invention (those having different heights of the water guide ribs). 14 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage sheet of FIG. FIG. 15 is a view showing still another embodiment (with a line mark added) of the drainage sheet of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the drainage sheet of the present invention. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the drainage sheet of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Water guide part 11 ... Bottom plate 12 ... Water guide rib 12A ... High water guide rib 12B ... Low water guide rib 13 ... Notch 14 ... Water guide channel 14a ... Water guide channel 14b ... Conducting channel 20 ... Mounting portion A ... Drainage sheet A1 ... Waterproof sheet F ... Fiber belt K1 ... Concrete surface K2 ... Concrete concrete L (L1, L2) ..Line mark N ... nail

Claims (8)

A drainage sheet comprising a water guide portion for guiding and draining water, and an attachment portion for attaching the water guide portion to a wall surface,
The water guide part is composed of a bottom plate and a plurality of water guide ribs formed upright from the bottom plate,
The water guide portion and the attachment portion are formed of an impermeable synthetic resin,
The drainage sheet, wherein the attachment part is formed on the same plane as the bottom plate, and a part of the attachment part is thick in the longitudinal direction .   The drainage sheet according to claim 1, wherein the water guide paths formed between adjacent water guide ribs communicate with each other through a notch formed in the water guide rib. The drainage sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the notches formed in each water guide rib are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the water guide rib.   The drainage sheet according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate is made of a semitransparent or transparent synthetic resin.   The drainage sheet according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing fiber belt is attached to the attachment portion in the longitudinal direction.   The drainage sheet according to claim 1, wherein fiber yarns are inserted in a part of the attachment portion in the longitudinal direction.   The drainage sheet according to claim 1, wherein a water guide channel having a circular arc section is formed by curved water guide ribs adjacent to both sides. A wall surface structure, wherein a tip of the water guide rib of the drainage sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is attached so as to abut along a curved wall surface.

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