JP4963832B2 - Method for producing charcoal-containing sheet - Google Patents

Method for producing charcoal-containing sheet Download PDF

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JP4963832B2
JP4963832B2 JP2005370583A JP2005370583A JP4963832B2 JP 4963832 B2 JP4963832 B2 JP 4963832B2 JP 2005370583 A JP2005370583 A JP 2005370583A JP 2005370583 A JP2005370583 A JP 2005370583A JP 4963832 B2 JP4963832 B2 JP 4963832B2
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charcoal
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啓栄 上井
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株式会社タナック
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本発明は炭含有シートに関する。さらに詳しくは、壁紙、畳構成部材、寝具、空調フィルタなどに用いる炭含有シートに関する。   The present invention relates to a charcoal-containing sheet. More specifically, the present invention relates to a charcoal-containing sheet used for wallpaper, tatami components, bedding, air conditioning filters, and the like.

登録実用新案第3072490号公報Registered Utility Model No. 3072490 特開2000−265612号公報JP 2000-265612 A 特開2002−242065号公報JP 2002-242065 A 特開2000−265612号公報JP 2000-265612 A

特許文献1には、籐、竹、麻、ココヤシ、木質ファイバーなどの天然の植物繊維を平織りした表面材と、熱可塑性樹脂製のシートないしプレートあるいは織布、不織布、編み物などに、基材の厚さと同程度の大きさの木炭あるいは活性炭の粒子(多孔質炭化物粒子)を混入した基材とを積層固定した床用敷物が開示されている。また、基材として織布、不織布、編み物を用いる場合は、多孔質炭化物粒子を内部に絡めて固定させること、さらに不織布を3層にして、そのうちの上層あるいは中間層に多孔質炭化物粒子を混入させることが提案されている。   In Patent Document 1, a surface material obtained by plain weaving of natural plant fibers such as rattan, bamboo, hemp, coconut palm and wood fiber, a sheet or plate made of thermoplastic resin, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a knitted fabric, etc. There is disclosed a floor covering in which a base material mixed with charcoal or activated carbon particles (porous carbide particles) having the same size as the thickness is laminated and fixed. When using woven fabric, non-woven fabric, or knitted fabric as the base material, entangle the porous carbide particles inside and fix them, and further make the nonwoven fabric into 3 layers, and mix the porous carbide particles in the upper layer or intermediate layer It has been proposed to let

特許文献2には、粒度が50メッシュを通過すると共に単位平方メートル当たり80g以上の備長炭微粉末を含有し導電性を有する備長炭粉末層の両側に、目付10〜100g/m2のポリエステル繊維からなる不織布を接着剤で一体的に接着したサンドイッチ構造の備長炭シートが開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses that a polyester fiber having a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m 2 is formed on both sides of a Bincho charcoal powder layer having a particle size of 50 mesh and containing 80 g or more of Bincho charcoal fine powder per unit square meter and having conductivity. A Bincho charcoal sheet having a sandwich structure in which a nonwoven fabric is integrally bonded with an adhesive is disclosed.

特許文献3には、目付が10〜100g/m2のベース不織布に短繊維を機械的に絡合させ、粒状ないし粉体の活性炭を50〜80g/m2保持させた、単層タイプの不織布製シートが開示されている。 Patent Document 3, a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m mechanically entangled short fibers 2 of the base nonwoven, and the activated carbon granular or powder 50 to 80 g / m 2 is retained, the single-layer type nonwoven fabric A manufactured sheet is disclosed.

特許文献4には、不織布製造時に竹炭などの炭化物を混紡した複合材料を建築基材に接着した建材が開示されている。   Patent Document 4 discloses a building material obtained by bonding a composite material obtained by mixing carbides such as bamboo charcoal to a building base material when manufacturing a nonwoven fabric.

しかし特許文献1の木炭ないし活性炭を絡めて固定した不織布は、木炭や活性炭の保持が不充分である。そのため、不織布自体を壁紙や畳構成材として用いる場合は木炭や活性炭の粉末が不織布から脱落してくる問題がある。また、織布を基材として、その上に天然繊維を平織りした表面材を重ねて接着し、全体として床用敷物として用いる場合は、接着剤で固定するので脱落の問題はないが、木炭や活性炭の多孔質構造が接着剤で塞がれるので、多孔質による吸着作用が妨げられ、有害物質除去機能が低下する。   However, the non-woven fabric fixed by entanglement with charcoal or activated carbon in Patent Document 1 is insufficient in holding charcoal or activated carbon. Therefore, when the nonwoven fabric itself is used as wallpaper or a tatami material, there is a problem that charcoal or activated carbon powder falls off the nonwoven fabric. In addition, when a woven fabric is used as a base material and a surface material made by plain weaving natural fibers is laminated on top of each other and used as a floor covering as a whole, it is fixed with an adhesive so there is no problem of falling off. Since the porous structure of the activated carbon is blocked by the adhesive, the adsorption action by the porous material is hindered and the harmful substance removing function is lowered.

特許文献2のサンドイッチ構造の備長炭シートは、備長炭粉末層の両側に目付10〜100g/m2のポリエステル繊維からなる不織布を接着剤で一体的に接着しているので、備長炭粉末の脱落の恐れは少ないが、やはり接着剤により、有害物質除去機能が低下する。 Since the Bincho charcoal sheet having a sandwich structure of Patent Document 2 is integrally bonded with a non-woven fabric made of polyester fiber having a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m 2 on both sides of the Bincho charcoal powder layer, the Bincho charcoal powder is removed. However, the function of removing harmful substances is also lowered by the adhesive.

他方、特許文献3の単層タイプの不織布製シートは、接着剤を使用しないので、シートをそのまま使用する場合は活性炭の吸着効果は損なわれない。しかし実際には短繊維ウエブに熱融着繊維を用い、ホットメルト樹脂などによりプレコートされた不織布で被覆し、熱処理することにより、粒状粉体が脱落しないようにする必要がある(特許文献3の段落[0017]、[0022]参照)。そのため、活性炭の吸着作用が低下する。   On the other hand, since the single-layer type nonwoven fabric sheet of Patent Document 3 does not use an adhesive, the adsorption effect of activated carbon is not impaired when the sheet is used as it is. However, in practice, it is necessary to prevent the granular powder from falling off by using a heat-bonded fiber on a short fiber web, covering with a non-woven fabric pre-coated with a hot-melt resin or the like, and performing heat treatment (Patent Document 3). Paragraphs [0017], [0022]). Therefore, the adsorption action of activated carbon decreases.

特許文献4の建材に用いる不織布は、不織布の製造時に竹炭などの炭化物を混紡しているので、それ自体は接着剤を用いていない。しかし得られた不織布は有害なガスを発生しない接着剤で建築基材に接着して用いるので、このものも 竹炭などの炭化物の吸着作用を損なう。   Since the nonwoven fabric used for the building material of patent document 4 mixes carbides, such as bamboo charcoal, at the time of manufacture of a nonwoven fabric, itself does not use the adhesive agent. However, since the obtained non-woven fabric is used by adhering to a building base material with an adhesive that does not generate harmful gases, it also impairs the adsorption action of charcoal such as bamboo charcoal.

本発明は炭粉末の有害物質吸着作用をできるだけ損なわず、しかも接着剤を用いなくても、また、単体で用いても、すなわち他のシートなどに接合しなくても、炭粉末の脱落を充分に防止しうる炭含有シートの製造方法を提供することを技術課題としている。
The present invention does not impair the harmful substance adsorbing action of charcoal powder as much as possible, and even if it uses no adhesive or is used alone, that is, it does not bond to other sheets etc. It is a technical problem to provide a method for producing a charcoal-containing sheet that can be prevented.

本発明の炭含有シートの製造方法は、熱可塑性樹脂繊維の粉末またはその短繊維を板状部材の表面に吹き付ける工程と、その上に竹炭粉末を散布または吹き付ける工程と、その竹炭粉末の上に熱可塑性樹脂繊維の粉末または短繊維を吹き付ける工程と、それらを上から熱ローラで加圧し、接合する工程とを備えることを特徴としている。
The method for producing a charcoal-containing sheet of the present invention includes a step of spraying thermoplastic resin fiber powder or short fibers thereof on the surface of a plate-like member, a step of spraying or spraying bamboo charcoal powder thereon, and the bamboo charcoal powder. It comprises a step of spraying powder or short fibers of thermoplastic resin fibers, and a step of pressing them with a heat roller from above and joining them .

このような炭含有シートの製造方法においては、前記竹炭粉末を散布または吹き付ける工程が、平均径が0.1〜1mm、平均長さが0.1〜10mmの細長い短繊維状の竹炭粉末を吹き付ける工程であるのが好ましい。また前記板状部材が、長手方向に移動するベルトコンベアであるのが好ましいさらに、前記ベルトコンベアが金網状であってもよい。また前記熱ローラで加圧し、接合する工程により接合された部材の周辺部を、加圧加熱して扁平に圧着する工程を備えるのが好ましい。なお、本明細書でいう「抄造」とは、繊維を絡合させて不織布を製造するときに、繊維の間に竹炭粉末を混入して一緒に絡合させることを意味する。また、乾式の抄造のほか、不織布の素材となる短繊維ないし繊維粉末を下地の上に散布して基材を形成し、その上に散布した竹炭粉末の上に、短繊維ないし繊維粉末を散布し、カレンダー加工して覆い層を形成する場合を含む。
In such a method for producing a charcoal-containing sheet, the step of spraying or spraying the bamboo charcoal powder sprays long and short bamboo charcoal powder having an average diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm and an average length of 0.1 to 10 mm. Preferably it is a process . Moreover, it is preferable that the said plate-shaped member is a belt conveyor which moves to a longitudinal direction . Furthermore, the belt conveyor may have a wire mesh shape . Moreover, it is preferable to provide the process of pressurizing and heating flatly the peripheral part of the member joined by the process of pressurizing with the said heat roller, and joining. Note that the referred to herein, "papermaking", when manufacturing nonwoven by entangling the fibers, means to entangled together by mixing bamboo charcoal powder between the fibers. In addition to papermaking dry type, on charcoal powder short fibers or fiber powder becomes non-woven materials are sprayed on the ground to form a base material, it was sprayed thereon, the short fibers or fiber powder Including the case of spraying and calendering to form a cover layer.

本発明の製造方法で得られる炭含有シートにおいては、下側の繊維が不織布なるので、引っ張り強度が高く、シート単体での取り扱いが容易である。そして上側の繊維も、不織布となるので、通気性が高く、外部の空気が容易に竹炭粉末に接触することができる。また上下の繊維の間に竹炭粉末を挟んで接合しているため、竹炭粉末が脱落しにくい。さらに竹炭は細かく粉砕しても、竹の繊維形状が残っており、細長い短繊維状となっている。そのため竹炭粉末は繊維の目にひっかかりやすく、上下の繊維と絡合する力が大きい。そして竹炭粉末が脱落しにくいため、接着剤を用いなくても、充分に竹炭粉末を上下の繊維の間に保持することができる。また接着剤を用いないので、竹炭粉末の微細な孔が埋まらず、有害なガスの吸着効果が損なわれない利点がある。
In carbon-containing sheet obtained by the process of the present invention, since the lower side of the fiber is not woven, high tensile strength, is easy to handle in sheets alone. The upper fiber also nonwoven fabric and a Runode, passing temper high, it can be external air to easily contact the bamboo charcoal powder. In addition, since the bamboo charcoal powder is sandwiched between the upper and lower fibers , the bamboo charcoal powder is difficult to fall off. Furthermore, even if bamboo charcoal is finely pulverized, the bamboo fiber shape remains and is in the form of elongated short fibers. For this reason, bamboo charcoal powder tends to get caught in the fiber and has a large force to be entangled with the upper and lower fibers . And since bamboo charcoal powder does not fall off easily, even if it does not use an adhesive agent, bamboo charcoal powder can fully be held between upper and lower fibers . Further, since no adhesive is used, there is an advantage that the fine pores of the bamboo charcoal powder are not filled, and the harmful gas adsorption effect is not impaired.

前記上下の繊維から構成される不織布がそれぞれ熱可塑性樹脂繊維から形成される不織布であり、それらが熱接合されているので上下の繊維が絡合および熱溶着して竹炭粉末を閉じこめる。こため、竹炭粉末が一層脱落しにくい。
Wherein a nonwoven fabric upper and lower non-woven fabric that consists of fibers are formed from a thermoplastic resin fibers, respectively, their since these are thermally bonded, confine the bamboo charcoal powder and below the fibers are entangled and heat-welded. Because of this, bamboo charcoal powder is less likely to fall off even more.

つぎに図面を参照しながら本発明の炭含有シートの製造方法およびその製造方法により製造された炭含有シートの実施の形態を説明する。図1は本発明の製造方法で製造される炭含有シートの一実施形態を示す一部切り欠き斜視図、図2はその炭含有シートの断面図、図3は本発明に用いる竹炭粉末の製造法の一例を示す工程図、図4は図1の炭含有シートの製造法を示す工程図、図5は本発明の製造方法で製造される炭含有シートの他の実施形態を示す一部切り欠き斜視図である。
Next, an embodiment of a charcoal-containing sheet produced according to the present invention and a charcoal-containing sheet produced by the production method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a charcoal-containing sheet produced by the production method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the charcoal-containing sheet, and FIG. 3 is a production of bamboo charcoal powder used in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a process diagram showing a method for producing the charcoal-containing sheet of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a partially cut view showing another embodiment of the charcoal-containing sheet produced by the production method of the present invention. FIG.

図1および図2に示す炭含有シート10は、基材11と、その上に散布された竹炭粉末12と、その上を覆っている覆い層13とから構成されている。この炭含有シート10は、全体としては、カレンダー加工などにより、覆い層13が竹炭粉末12を挟んで基材11上に熱接合されている。そして周辺部14では、加圧加熱により扁平に圧着されている。圧着する周辺部14は一辺あるいは2〜3辺でもよいが、炭含有シート10の全周に設けるほうがよい。この炭含有シート10は実質的に接着剤が使用されていない。   The charcoal-containing sheet 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is composed of a base material 11, bamboo charcoal powder 12 spread on the base material 11, and a covering layer 13 covering the base material. As for the charcoal-containing sheet 10 as a whole, the cover layer 13 is thermally bonded onto the base material 11 with the bamboo charcoal powder 12 sandwiched by calendaring or the like. And in the peripheral part 14, it is crimped | bonded flatly by pressure heating. The peripheral portion 14 to be crimped may be one side or two to three sides, but it is better to be provided on the entire circumference of the charcoal-containing sheet 10. The charcoal-containing sheet 10 is substantially free of adhesive.

前記基材11としては、坪量10〜100g/m2、より好ましくは20〜50g/m2の不織布が用いられる。不織布を構成する繊維は、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエステルなどの熱可塑性樹脂の繊維で、長さ当たり重量が1〜6デシテックス程度の繊維が用いられる。 As the substrate 11, a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m 2 , more preferably 20 to 50 g / m 2 is used. The fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric are fibers of thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyester, and fibers having a weight per length of about 1 to 6 dtex are used.

前記基材11は上記の熱可塑性樹脂から前述の絡合ないし抄造など、通常の製造方法で製造され、さらに加圧し、あるいは加熱加圧して形成する。とくに、熱可塑性樹脂の短繊維ないし繊維粉末をベルトコンベア上に吹き出して重ねながら絡合させ、2〜4個の熱ロールを用いたカレンダー加工で厚さ0.5〜2mm程度に成形したものが好ましい。特に熱可塑性樹脂をノズルから噴出させながら板状部材の表面に重ねて絡合させた乾式不織布が好ましい。それにより比較的強度が高い強靱な不織布が得られる。そして坪量10〜100g/m2程度であるので、充分に柔軟である。
The base material 11 is manufactured from the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin by a normal manufacturing method such as the above-described entanglement or papermaking, and is further pressed or heated and pressed. In particular, short fibers or fiber powders of thermoplastic resin are blown onto a belt conveyor and entangled with each other and formed into a thickness of about 0.5 to 2 mm by calendering using 2 to 4 hot rolls. preferable. Especially dry nonwoven fabric of thermoplastic resin were entangled overlaid on the surface of the plate member while jetting from the nozzle is preferred. Thereby, a tough nonwoven fabric having relatively high strength can be obtained. Since the basis weight is about 10 to 100 g / m @ 2, it is sufficiently flexible.

前記竹炭粉末12としては、竹炭を製造して粉砕機ないし微粉砕機で粉砕し、さらにふるいにかけて、平均径0.1〜1mm程度、平均長さ0.1〜10mm程度に揃えたものを用いる。すなわち平均径が1mmより大きい場合、あるいは平均長さが10mmを超える場合は、竹炭粉末12が基材11や覆い層12に付着しにくい。そのため、全体の付着量が少なくなりがちである。逆に平均径や平均長さが0.1mmより小さい場合は、基材11などの表面に充分に付着するが、薄く付着することになり、竹炭粉末12の付着量が全体として少なくなりがちである。   The bamboo charcoal powder 12 is made of bamboo charcoal, pulverized with a pulverizer or fine pulverizer, and further sieved to have an average diameter of about 0.1 to 1 mm and an average length of about 0.1 to 10 mm. . That is, when the average diameter is larger than 1 mm or when the average length exceeds 10 mm, the bamboo charcoal powder 12 hardly adheres to the base material 11 and the covering layer 12. Therefore, the total amount of adhesion tends to be reduced. On the contrary, when the average diameter or average length is smaller than 0.1 mm, it adheres sufficiently to the surface of the substrate 11 or the like, but it adheres thinly, and the amount of adhesion of the bamboo charcoal powder 12 tends to decrease as a whole. is there.

なお、竹炭粉末の粒子を細かく見ると、竹の繊維の細長い形状が残っているものがある。このような細長い粉末は、さらに細かく粉砕してもよいが、むしろ細長いほうが不織布の繊維の目に絡まりやすく、不織布を通過して脱落するのを防ぐことができる。そのため、これらの細長い竹炭粒子を排除したり細かく粉砕したりせず、そのまま利用するのが好ましい。上記のように、平均径が0.1〜1mm、平均長さが0.1〜10mmと、径と長さの範囲を代えているのは上記の理由による。なお、竹炭粒子の平均長さを平均径の2〜10倍程度、あるいは3〜10倍程度の細長い粒子のみを選別するようにしてもよい。   In addition, when the particles of bamboo charcoal powder are viewed in detail, some of the bamboo fibers remain elongated. Such an elongated powder may be further finely pulverized, but the elongated one is more likely to get entangled with the fibers of the nonwoven fabric, and can be prevented from falling off through the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, it is preferable to use these elongated bamboo charcoal particles as they are without removing them or crushing them finely. As described above, the average diameter is 0.1 to 1 mm, the average length is 0.1 to 10 mm, and the range of the diameter and length is changed for the above reason. In addition, you may make it select only the elongate particle | grains whose average length of a bamboo charcoal particle is about 2 to 10 times the average diameter, or about 3 to 10 times.

上記の竹炭粉末を選別するには、目の粗いふるいを通過し、目の細かなふるいを通過しないものを選別するなどによる。その場合、たとえば径1mm以上の竹短繊維を通すスリット状のふるいと、粒子径が0.1mmより小さい竹炭粒子を通過させるふるいとを組み合わせるなどの方法が用いられる。細長いものだけを選別する場合は、たとえば長さ0.2mm未満、あるいは0.3mm未満の竹炭粉末を通過させるふるいを用いる。ただしふるいで選別しても、厳密には所定の範囲のものだけにするのは困難であるが、ある程度は選別することにより、不織布の繊維に絡合させやすくなる。   In order to select the bamboo charcoal powder described above, it is possible to select a powder that passes through a coarse sieve and does not pass through a fine sieve. In that case, for example, a method of combining a slit-like sieve through which bamboo short fibers having a diameter of 1 mm or more and a sieve through which bamboo charcoal particles having a particle diameter of less than 0.1 mm are passed is used. In the case of selecting only elongate ones, for example, a sieve through which bamboo charcoal powder having a length of less than 0.2 mm or less than 0.3 mm passes is used. However, strictly speaking, it is difficult to make only a predetermined range even if it is selected with a sieve, but it becomes easy to entangle the fibers of the nonwoven fabric by selecting to some extent.

竹炭の材料の生竹としては、孟宗竹、真竹、淡竹など、微小な孔を多数有するものが好ましく、生育年数が3〜5年の竹がとくに好ましい。このような生竹15は乾燥させ、図3に示すように、炭焼き用の焼成炉16中で、500〜750℃あるいはそれ以上で蒸し焼きにして竹炭とする(第1ステップS1)。そのとき、焼成炉16は空気取り入れ口に調整弁17を備えたものが用いられる。そして焼成炉16の下部に入れた廃竹18をガスバーナー19で着火させ、敷石20などからなる緩衝材を温め、その緩衝材の上に積み込んだ釜内の生竹15を蒸し焼きにして炭化させていく。   As the raw bamboo as a material of bamboo charcoal, those having a large number of fine holes such as Soso bamboo, true bamboo, and light bamboo are preferable, and bamboo having a growth age of 3 to 5 years is particularly preferable. Such raw bamboo 15 is dried and steamed and burned at 500 to 750 ° C. or higher in a charcoal baking furnace 16 as shown in FIG. 3 (first step S1). At that time, the firing furnace 16 is provided with an adjustment valve 17 at the air intake. The waste bamboo 18 placed in the lower part of the firing furnace 16 is ignited by a gas burner 19 to warm a buffer material made of paving stones 20 and the like, and the raw bamboo 15 loaded on the buffer material is steamed and carbonized. To go.

なお、焼成炉16で焼くと、0〜100℃程度の範囲では、温度が緩やかに上昇する。ついで100〜350℃程度では、0〜100℃の範囲よりも温度上昇が急になる。そして350〜500℃で、再び温度上昇が穏やかに急になる。そして500〜750℃の範囲あるいはそれ以上では、350〜500℃の範囲よりも温度上昇が急になる。このように温度が段階的に変化するのは、つぎのような工程があるためと考えられる。すなわち、始めの0〜100℃の段階では、焼成炉16内の竹が敷石19の余熱で着火するまでの温度と考えられる。つぎの100〜350℃は、焼成炉16内の竹から水分が蒸発し、竹酢液が抽出される温度と考えられる。つぎの350〜500℃の段階では、焼成炉内の糧の有機物が分解される温度と考えられる。500〜750℃あるいはそれ以上は、竹の有機物が完全になくなり、炭化による竹炭の効能を引き出す温度と考えられる。したがって炭焼きの最終温度は少なくとも750℃以上とするのが好ましい。   In addition, when baking with the baking furnace 16, in the range of about 0-100 degreeC, temperature will rise gently. Next, at about 100 to 350 ° C., the temperature rises more steeply than the range of 0 to 100 ° C. And at 350-500 degreeC, a temperature rise becomes a gentle sudden again. And in the range of 500-750 degreeC or more, a temperature rise becomes quicker than the range of 350-500 degreeC. The reason why the temperature changes step by step is considered to be due to the following steps. That is, at the initial stage of 0 to 100 ° C., it is considered that the temperature until the bamboo in the firing furnace 16 is ignited by the residual heat of the paving stone 19. The next 100 to 350 ° C. is considered to be a temperature at which water evaporates from the bamboo in the baking furnace 16 and the bamboo vinegar is extracted. At the next stage of 350 to 500 ° C., it is considered a temperature at which the organic matter in the baking furnace is decomposed. A temperature of 500 to 750 ° C. or higher is considered to be a temperature at which the organic matter of the bamboo is completely lost and the effect of the bamboo charcoal is obtained by carbonization. Therefore, the final temperature of charcoal baking is preferably at least 750 ° C. or higher.

炭化処理が完了すると、得られた竹炭にブラシをかけて洗浄するなどにより灰などの炭化処理工程でできる不純物を取り除く(第2ステップS2)。そして前述のように微粉砕機などで粉砕し(第3ステップS3)、ついで所定の平均粒径、あるいは所定の平均径および平均長さのものを選別する(第4ステップS4)。   When the carbonization treatment is completed, impurities produced in the carbonization treatment step such as ash are removed by brushing the obtained bamboo charcoal and washing it (second step S2). Then, as described above, pulverization is performed with a fine pulverizer or the like (third step S3), and then a predetermined average particle diameter or a predetermined average diameter and average length is selected (fourth step S4).

炭焼きのための時間は使用する生竹15の重量により異なるが、通常は10〜25時間程度、より好ましくは20時間程度である。焼成炉16の内部では生竹15の炭化の過程で一酸化炭素が発生し、その一酸化炭素がさらに燃焼して二酸化炭素に変化するので、充分に空気を供給する必要がある。ただし最終工程では調整弁17を調節して酸素濃度を低い状態に維持し、竹炭が灰になることを防ぐ。   The time for charcoal baking varies depending on the weight of the raw bamboo 15 to be used, but is usually about 10 to 25 hours, more preferably about 20 hours. Inside the firing furnace 16, carbon monoxide is generated during the carbonization of the raw bamboo 15, and the carbon monoxide is further burned and changed to carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is necessary to supply air sufficiently. However, in the final process, the regulating valve 17 is adjusted to maintain the oxygen concentration at a low state, thereby preventing bamboo charcoal from becoming ash.

上記のように高温で焼くことにより、タールや竹酢液などが分離され、炭素純度が高い竹炭が得られる。この場合の竹炭の表面の電気抵抗は50Ω/cm以下、とくに10Ω/cm以下のものが好ましい。電気抵抗がそれより高い場合は、純度が低く、タールなどの不純物が多いので、竹炭粉末12の微細な孔が詰まり、吸着作用が低くなる。竹炭の電気抵抗は、テスターの2本の電極棒19を数センチメートルの間隔で竹炭の表面に当てて測定する。ちなみに生竹15のままでは通電しない。   By baking at a high temperature as described above, tar, bamboo vinegar, and the like are separated, and bamboo charcoal with high carbon purity is obtained. In this case, the electric resistance of the surface of bamboo charcoal is preferably 50 Ω / cm or less, particularly preferably 10 Ω / cm or less. If the electrical resistance is higher than that, the purity is low and there are many impurities such as tar, so that the fine pores of the bamboo charcoal powder 12 are clogged and the adsorption action is low. The electrical resistance of bamboo charcoal is measured by placing two electrode bars 19 of the tester on the surface of bamboo charcoal at intervals of several centimeters. By the way, it is not energized with raw bamboo 15 as it is.

前記覆い層13としては、基材11と同様の不織布が用いられる。坪量も同程度か、いくらか軽い不織布、たとえば坪量10〜100g/m、より好ましくは10〜50g/mの不織布が用いられる。また、強く加圧せずにふんわりと起毛した状態で用いるのが好ましい。覆い層13の不織布の製造法も、基材の製造法と同様の方法、たとえば熱可塑性樹脂の短繊維ないし繊維粉末をベルトコンベア上に吹き出して重ねながら絡合させ、2〜4個の熱ロールを用いたカレンダー加工で厚さ0.5〜2mm程度に成形する方法などが採用される。不織布を構成する繊維は、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエステルなどの熱可塑性樹脂の繊維で、1〜6デシテックスの繊維が用いられる。
As the covering layer 13, a non-woven fabric similar to the base material 11 is used. A non-woven fabric having a similar basis weight or somewhat light weight, for example, a non-woven fabric having a basis weight of 10 to 100 g / m 2 , more preferably 10 to 50 g / m 2 is used. Moreover, it is preferable to use it in the state which raised softly without pressing strongly. The manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric of the cover layer 13 is the same as the manufacturing method of the base material, for example, tangled while blowing short fibers or fiber powders of thermoplastic resin onto the belt conveyor, and 2 to 4 hot rolls. For example, a method of forming a thickness of about 0.5 to 2 mm by calendering using a material is employed . The fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), a fiber of a thermoplastic resin such as polyester, fibers 1-6 decitex is used.

図1に示す炭含有シート10は、前述のように周辺部14では、覆い層13が竹炭粉末12を挟んで基材11上に圧着されているが、その周辺部14の幅は1〜15mm、とくに5〜10mmが好ましい。1mm未満であれば熱圧着の処理が難しくなり、15mmを超えると熱圧着されていない中央部21を充分に広くとることができなくなる。また、上記の範囲であれば、シートを切断するときに、同時に熱接合することも容易である。たとえば、中央に円板状の切刃を備え、その切刃の両側に熱ローラを備えた切断ローラによって、熱圧着と切断を同時に行うと効率的である。ただしカッターなどで切断した後、アイロンなどで熱圧着するようにしてもよい。炭含有シート10の厚さはたとえば0.5〜2mm程度のものが好ましい。その場合、周辺部14は厚さ0.2〜2mm程度、とくに0.3〜0.5mm程度に加熱加圧するのが好ましい。   In the charcoal-containing sheet 10 shown in FIG. 1, as described above, in the peripheral portion 14, the covering layer 13 is pressure-bonded onto the base material 11 with the bamboo charcoal powder 12 interposed therebetween, and the width of the peripheral portion 14 is 1 to 15 mm. In particular, 5 to 10 mm is preferable. If it is less than 1 mm, the thermocompression treatment becomes difficult, and if it exceeds 15 mm, the central portion 21 that is not thermocompression bonded cannot be made sufficiently wide. Moreover, if it is said range, when cut | disconnecting a sheet | seat, it is also easy to carry out thermal joining simultaneously. For example, it is efficient to perform thermocompression bonding and cutting simultaneously with a cutting roller having a disc-shaped cutting blade in the center and heat rollers on both sides of the cutting blade. However, after cutting with a cutter or the like, thermocompression bonding may be performed with an iron or the like. The thickness of the charcoal-containing sheet 10 is preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm, for example. In that case, it is preferable that the peripheral portion 14 is heated and pressurized to a thickness of about 0.2 to 2 mm, particularly about 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

周辺部14を加熱加圧することにより、覆い層13が扁平に圧着され、竹炭粉末12を挟んで基材11に対して密に接合される。それにより周縁からほとんど竹炭粉末が脱落しない。この場合も接着剤を用いない。中央部21は、覆い層13が加圧されていないので、前述のふんわりした触感が維持されており、黒色の竹炭粉末12の色もそれほど目立たない。しかも中央部では扁平に圧着されていないので、通気性が高く、竹炭粉末のガス吸着作用が効率的に発揮される。
By heating and pressurizing the peripheral portion 14, the covering layer 13 is flatly pressed and closely bonded to the base material 11 with the bamboo charcoal powder 12 interposed therebetween. Thereby, bamboo charcoal powder hardly falls off from the periphery. Again, no adhesive is used. Since the cover layer 13 is not pressurized in the central portion 21, the above-mentioned soft touch is maintained, and the color of the black bamboo charcoal powder 12 is not so conspicuous. And since it is not crimped | bonded by flatness in the center part, air permeability is high and the gas adsorption action of bamboo charcoal powder is exhibited efficiently.

前述の基材11、竹炭粉末12および覆い層13は、たとえば図4に示す工程で炭含有シート10に加工される。まず、第1ノズル22から熱可塑性樹脂繊維の粉末ないし短繊維23をベルトコンベア24の上に吹き付け、ヒータ25で加熱して所定の厚さの繊維層26を形成する(第11工程S11)。ついでベルトコンベア23で繊維層25ないし不織布を長手方向に移動させながら、第2ノズル28から竹炭粉末12を所定量、散布ないし吹き付けていく(第12工程S12)。ベルトコンベア24は金属製のもの、とくにヒータ25の熱が通り易いように、目の細かい金網状のものが好ましい。
The base material 11, the bamboo charcoal powder 12 and the covering layer 13 are processed into the charcoal-containing sheet 10 in the process shown in FIG. 4, for example. First, thermoplastic resin fiber powders or short fibers 23 are sprayed from a first nozzle 22 onto a belt conveyor 24 and heated by a heater 25 to form a fiber layer 26 having a predetermined thickness (11th step S11) . One Ide while moving the fibrous layer 25 to the nonwoven fabric in the longitudinal direction in the belt conveyor 23, a predetermined amount of charcoal powder 12 from the second nozzle 28, will scatter through spraying (12 step S12). Base belt conveyor 24 is made of metal, in particular to facilitate as the heat of the heater 25 is, preferably those a fine wire mesh-like.

ついでその上に第3ノズル29から覆い層13を形成するための熱可塑性樹脂繊維の粉末ないし短繊維を吹き付けて、第2の繊維層30を形成する(第13工程S13)。さらにそれらを熱ローラ31で加圧し、所定の厚さに形成するカレンダー加工を施す(第14工程S14)。それにより基材11の繊維と覆い層13の繊維が絡合し、交点で融着するので、竹炭粉末12を脱落しにくいように閉じ込める。それにより風合を損なわない炭含有シート10が得られる。得られた炭含有シート10は、所定幅(たとえば300〜1000mm、とくに915mm程度)のロール状あるいは所定の長さに切断した長尺シートとして販売される。   Next, powder or short fibers of thermoplastic resin fibers for forming the cover layer 13 are sprayed from the third nozzle 29 thereon to form the second fiber layer 30 (13th step S13). Further, they are pressed by the heat roller 31 and subjected to calendering to form a predetermined thickness (14th step S14). As a result, the fibers of the base material 11 and the fibers of the covering layer 13 are entangled and fused at the intersection, so that the bamboo charcoal powder 12 is confined so as not to easily fall off. Thereby, the charcoal-containing sheet 10 that does not impair the texture is obtained. The obtained charcoal-containing sheet 10 is sold as a roll having a predetermined width (for example, about 300 to 1000 mm, particularly about 915 mm) or as a long sheet cut into a predetermined length.

なお、カレンダー加工の後、さらに両側縁を加熱ローラで強く加圧して、幅1〜15mm程度の圧着した周辺部(図1の符号14)を形成してもよい。それにより両側縁が熱接合された長尺の炭含有シート10が得られる。また、長尺シートの場合は、切断した端縁を圧着するのが好ましい。ロールないし長尺シートで販売した場合は、使用者、たとえば建築施工業者が用途に合わせて所望の寸法に切断しながら加熱加圧して使用する。   In addition, after calendering, both side edges may be further strongly pressed with a heating roller to form a peripheral portion (reference numeral 14 in FIG. 1) having a width of about 1 to 15 mm. As a result, a long charcoal-containing sheet 10 having both side edges thermally bonded is obtained. In the case of a long sheet, it is preferable to crimp the cut edge. When sold as a roll or a long sheet, a user, for example, a construction contractor, heats and presses while cutting into a desired dimension according to the application.

上記のように不織布を形成するときに同時に竹炭粉末を絡合させると効率的に炭含有シート10を得ることができる
When the non-woven fabric is formed as described above, the charcoal-containing sheet 10 can be obtained efficiently if the bamboo charcoal powder is entangled at the same time .

上記の炭含有シート10は、接着剤を用いていないため、竹炭粉末による有害ガス吸着効果が高く、接着剤やバインダーを用いる場合のような揮発成分の発生がほとんどない。また、接着剤を用いていないため、一定期間使用した後、水で付着物を洗い流すことにより、繰り返し使用することができる。   Since the charcoal-containing sheet 10 does not use an adhesive, it has a high harmful gas adsorption effect due to bamboo charcoal powder, and hardly generates volatile components as in the case of using an adhesive or a binder. Moreover, since the adhesive is not used, it can be used repeatedly by washing the deposits with water after using for a certain period of time.

このような炭含有シート10は、建築物の壁材や天井材、床材に貼り付けたり、覆うように保持させて使用する。貼り付ける場合は、デンプン糊など、天然材料を利用するのが好ましい。また、畳構成部材(畳表の下層)として使用することもできる。交換が容易なように、スナップ、ファスナなどで着脱自在に取り付けるようにしてもよい。   Such a charcoal-containing sheet 10 is used by being attached to or covered with a wall material, ceiling material, or floor material of a building. When pasting, it is preferable to use natural materials such as starch paste. It can also be used as a tatami component (lower layer of the tatami mat). For easy replacement, it may be detachably attached with a snap, fastener or the like.

さらに炭含有シート10は、寝具などの家具、キッチン製品の内装材あるいは膝掛けなどの中に入れる暖温補助材などに用いたり、空気調和機(エアコンディショナ)や空気清浄機、天井や壁の吹き出し口、浄水器のフィルタなどに使用することができる。それにより壁紙や合板などに用いられている接着剤から放出されるホルムアルデヒド、その他のシックハウスの原因となる化学物質を吸着させることができる。空気調和機などのフィルタに用いる場合は、金網、あるいは合成樹脂やステンレスの網の間に挟み込むと取り扱いが容易である。   Furthermore, the charcoal-containing sheet 10 is used for furniture such as bedding, interior warming materials for kitchen products, or warming aids that can be put in laps, etc., air conditioners, air purifiers, ceilings and walls. Can be used for outlets, filters for water purifiers, etc. As a result, formaldehyde released from adhesives used for wallpaper and plywood, and other chemical substances that cause sick house can be adsorbed. When used for a filter such as an air conditioner, it is easy to handle if it is sandwiched between a metal mesh or a synthetic resin or stainless steel mesh.

図5に示す炭含有シート31は、周辺部を圧着していないほかは、図1の炭含有シート10と実質的に同一である。すなわち前記基材11と覆い層13とが、図4と同様の抄造により接合されており、基材11、竹炭粉末12および覆い層13の材質や密度、大きさなどは図1の炭含有シート10の場合と同様である。このものは周縁からは竹炭粉末が脱落しやすいが、竹炭粉末12を基材11と覆い層13の繊維内に充分に絡ませることにより、竹炭粉末が不織布を透過してシート表面から脱落することを防止しうる。このものは周辺部が圧着されていないため、全体として風合いのある炭含有シート31となる。   The charcoal-containing sheet 31 shown in FIG. 5 is substantially the same as the charcoal-containing sheet 10 of FIG. 1 except that the periphery is not crimped. That is, the base material 11 and the cover layer 13 are joined by papermaking similar to FIG. 4, and the material, density, size, etc. of the base material 11, the bamboo charcoal powder 12 and the cover layer 13 are the charcoal-containing sheet of FIG. This is the same as the case of 10. In this case, the bamboo charcoal powder tends to fall off from the periphery, but when the bamboo charcoal powder 12 is sufficiently entangled in the fibers of the base material 11 and the covering layer 13, the bamboo charcoal powder permeates the nonwoven fabric and falls off the sheet surface. Can be prevented. Since the peripheral part is not pressure-bonded, the charcoal-containing sheet 31 has a texture as a whole.

前記いずれの炭含有シートの場合でも、蒸留した竹酢液などを散布することにより、抗菌ないし殺菌効果を増大させることができる。   In any of the charcoal-containing sheets, the antibacterial or sterilizing effect can be increased by spraying distilled bamboo vinegar or the like.

本発明の炭含有シートの一実施形態を示す一部切り欠き斜視図である。It is a partially notched perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the charcoal containing sheet | seat of this invention. 図1の炭含有シートの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the charcoal containing sheet | seat of FIG. 本発明に用いる竹炭粉末の製造法の一例を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the bamboo charcoal powder used for this invention. 図1の炭含有シートの製造法を示す工程図である。It is process drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the charcoal containing sheet | seat of FIG. 本発明の炭含有シートの他の実施形態を示す一部切り欠き斜視図である。It is a partially notched perspective view which shows other embodiment of the charcoal containing sheet | seat of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 炭含有シート
11 基材
12 竹炭粉末
13 覆い層
14 周辺部
15 生竹
16 焼成炉
17 調整弁
18 廃竹
19 ガスバーナー
20 敷石
21 中央部
22 第1ノズル
23 短繊維
24 ベルトコンベア
25 ヒータ
26 繊維層
28 第2ノズル
29 第3ノズル
30 第2の繊維層
31 熱ローラ
32 炭含有シート
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Charcoal containing sheet | seat 11 Base material 12 Bamboo charcoal powder 13 Cover layer 14 Peripheral part 15 Raw bamboo 16 Baking furnace 17 Control valve 18 Waste bamboo 19 Gas burner 20 Paving stone 21 Central part 22 1st nozzle 23 Short fiber 24 Belt conveyor 25 Heater 26 Fiber Layer 28 Second nozzle 29 Third nozzle 30 Second fiber layer 31 Heat roller 32 Charcoal-containing sheet

Claims (5)

熱可塑性樹脂繊維の粉末またはその短繊維を板状部材の表面に吹き付ける工程と、
その上に竹炭粉末を散布または吹き付ける工程と、
その竹炭粉末の上に熱可塑性樹脂繊維の粉末または短繊維を吹き付ける工程と、
それらを上から熱ローラで加圧し、接合する工程とを備える炭含有シートの製造方法
A step of spraying thermoplastic resin fiber powder or its short fibers on the surface of the plate member;
Spraying or spraying bamboo charcoal powder on it,
Spraying thermoplastic resin fiber powder or short fibers on the bamboo charcoal powder;
A method for producing a charcoal-containing sheet comprising a step of pressing them with a heat roller from above and joining them .
前記竹炭粉末を散布または吹き付ける工程が、平均径が0.1〜1mm、平均長さが0.1〜10mmの細長い短繊維状の竹炭粉末を吹き付ける工程である請求項1記載の炭含有シートの製造方法。 2. The charcoal-containing sheet according to claim 1, wherein the step of spraying or spraying the bamboo charcoal powder is a step of spraying an elongated short fiber bamboo charcoal powder having an average diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm and an average length of 0.1 to 10 mm. Production method. 前記板状部材が、長手方向に移動するベルトコンベアである請求項1または2記載の炭含有シートの製造方法 The method for producing a charcoal-containing sheet according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the plate-like member is a belt conveyor that moves in a longitudinal direction . 前記ベルトコンベアが金網状である請求項3記載の炭含有シートの製造方法 The method for producing a charcoal-containing sheet according to claim 3 , wherein the belt conveyor has a wire mesh shape . 前記熱ローラで加圧し、接合する工程により接合された部材の周辺部を、加圧加熱して扁平に圧着する工程を備える請求項1、2、3または4のいずれかに記載の炭含有シートの製造方法The charcoal-containing sheet according to any one of claims 1 , 2, 3 and 4, further comprising a step of pressing and heating the peripheral portions of the members joined in the step of pressurizing and joining with the heat roller and pressing them flatly. Manufacturing method .
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