JP4963150B2 - Heat resistant material - Google Patents
Heat resistant material Download PDFInfo
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- JP4963150B2 JP4963150B2 JP2001297450A JP2001297450A JP4963150B2 JP 4963150 B2 JP4963150 B2 JP 4963150B2 JP 2001297450 A JP2001297450 A JP 2001297450A JP 2001297450 A JP2001297450 A JP 2001297450A JP 4963150 B2 JP4963150 B2 JP 4963150B2
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高温炉や高温ダクトなどの高温にさらされる壁面に適用する断熱材や、壁面に取り付けられている断熱材の間隙に充填する目地材などとして用いるのに好適なロープ状耐熱材に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
高温炉や高温ダクトなどの高温にさらされる壁面に適用する断熱材や断熱材の目地を充填する目地材として、アルミナ・シリカ系セラミック繊維などの無機繊維からなるものが広く用いられている。しかしながら、これらの無機繊維は、高温にさらされると収縮したり、熱劣化したりする。従って、目地にこれらの無機繊維を充填しておいても、高温にさらされている間に収縮して間隙が生じたり、充填してある目地材に亀裂が生じたりして、断熱効果やシール性が低下するという問題がある。使用中における収縮を予め想定して目地材を充填するには、目地材を予め大きく圧縮しておくことが必要であり、加工上困難である。
【０００３】
使用中における目地材の収縮を回避する方法として、無機繊維に、バーミキュライトなどを併用して加熱膨張性能を付与することにより、高温下での無機繊維の収縮を吸収し、全体としての収縮を抑える方法が知られている。しかしながら、この方法は目地材の加工上に難点があり、また、８００℃を超える高温域での使用には適していない。
【０００４】
また、無機繊維の集合体を芯材とし、これを可燃性外装材で被覆したり、又は外面を金属線で袋編みした紐状の耐熱材も提案されている（特開平１０−８１８７１、特開平１１−３０４８６号公報参照）。しかしながら、これらも加工性に難点があり、また金属線の存在により断熱性が低下するなどの問題がある。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って本発明は、可燃物を含まず、加工が容易で、且つ、高温にさらされても収縮が少なく、しかも施工性の良い耐熱材を提供しようとするものである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係わる耐熱材は、アルミナ繊維ブランケットを裁断して紐状とした、アルミナ繊維からなる紐状の繊維集合体を複数本ロープ状に撚り合わせた構造からなるロープ状耐熱材である。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材の素材としては、公知のアルミナ繊維を用いる。アルミナ繊維は、実質的にアルミナとシリカとから成る結晶質の繊維で、そのアルミニウムと珪素の比は、Ａｌ2Ｏ3とＳｉＯ2の重量比に換算して、通常６５：３５〜９９：１である。なかでもＡｌ2Ｏ3：ＳｉＯ2=７２：２８〜８０：２０のムライト組成のものは、高温での安定性と弾力性に優れているので、本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材の素材として好適である。周知のようにアルミナ繊維は前駆体繊維化法により工業的に大量に製造されている。この方法では、まずアルミニウム塩、好ましくはＡｌＣｌｎ(ＯＨ)3-nで表される組成の塩基性塩化アルミニウムの濃厚水溶液に、ポリビニルアルコールなどの水溶性高分子を加えて粘稠密な紡糸溶液を調製する。この紡糸溶液を外管から空気が高速で流出し、内管から紡糸溶液が流出する二重管式ノズルを用いて紡糸して前駆体繊維とする。この前駆体繊維を焼成するとアルミナ繊維が得られる。アルミナ繊維の直径は通常１〜５０μmであるが、本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材の素材としては３〜８μmのものを用いるのが好ましい。また、繊維の長さは５mm以上、特に１０mm以上であるのが好ましい。繊維長の上限は任意であるが、通常は３００mm以下であり、長くても５００mm以下である。
【０００８】
本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材は、このアルミナ繊維を細長い紐状の繊維集合体とし、更にこれを複数本撚り合わせた構造のものである。アルミナ繊維を紐状の繊維集合体とするのは任意の方法によることができる。アルミナ繊維そのものは強度が小さく折れやすいが、前駆体繊維は強度もあり且つ柔軟なので、前駆体繊維をその長さ方向に引き揃えつつ撚りをかけて太い紐状とし、次いでこれを焼成することによりアルミナ繊維からなる紐状の繊維集合体とすることができる。焼成は前駆体繊維を集めて紐状としたものについて行っても良く、また紐状のものを複数本撚り合わせてロープ状とした後に行っても良い。また別法として、アルミナ繊維又はその前駆体繊維に有機繊維を混合したものをシート状に成型し、これを帯状に裁断して紐状とし、次いでこれを焼成することによりアルミナ繊維からなる紐状の繊維集合体とすることができる。この場合は、焼成は紐状としたものについて行っても良く、またこれを複数本撚り合わせてロープ状とした後の行っても良い。また更なる別法として前駆体繊維をマット状に集積し、これにニードリングを施した後焼成してブランケットとしたものを紐状に裁断して繊維集合体とすることもできる。紐状の繊維集合体は、その強度を高めるため、それ自体に撚りが施されているのが好ましい。撚りの回数は、通常は５〜１００回／ｍ程度である。また紐状の繊維集合体の重量は、通常は０．４〜３０ｇ／ｍであるが、１〜１５ｇ／ｍが好ましい。その嵩密度は０．０５〜０．６ｇ／ｃｍ3程度が好ましい。この紐状のアルミナ繊維集合体を複数本撚り合わせることにより本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材が得られる。所望ならば紐状のアルミナ繊維集合体を複数本撚り合わせたものを更に複数本撚り合わせるなど、撚り合わせは複数回反復しても良い。紐状の繊維集合体を撚り合わせてロープ状とするのは、通常のロープ製造法に準じて行うことができる。例えばアルミナ繊維に有機繊維を少量混合したものを薄いシート状に成型し、これを帯状に裁断したものに揉み皮などにより仮撚りを付与して紐状の繊維集合体とする。次いでこの繊維集合体をアップツイスター等により加撚、合糸してロープ状とし、最後に焼成して有機繊維を除去することにより本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材が得られる。いずれの方法によるものであっても、ロープ状耐熱材は直径が１．５〜１２０ｍｍ、特に３〜５０ｍｍであり、引っ張り強度は０．０１〜８０ｋｇ、特に０．０３〜３０ｋｇであり、重量は１〜２２００ｇ／ｍ、特に８〜８００ｇ／ｍであるものが好ましい。またその嵩密度は０．０５〜０．６ｇ／ｃｍ3が好ましい。一般に嵩密度が小さいと弾力性が小さく、目地材やガスケットなどとして用いた場合に十分なシール性を発現させ難くなる。また嵩密度が大きいものは加工が困難であり、且つ断熱性も低下する。
【０００９】
【実施例】
以下に実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明する。
実施例１
１５打／ｃｍ2の密度でニードリングが施されているアルミナ繊維ブランケット（嵩密度０．１６ｇ／ｃｍ3、厚さ７．５ｍｍ、平均繊維径４μｍ、繊維長２０〜２００ｍｍ；組成は、アルミナ７２重量％、シリカ２８重量％）を、裁断機で幅１０ｍｍに裁断して紐状の繊維集合体とした。これに加撚機で３０回／ｍの撚りを施した後３本撚り合わせ、直径２２ｍｍ、重さ３５ｇ／ｍ、引張束強度７ｋｇのロープ状耐熱材とした。このロープ状耐熱材を、外形２５０ｍｍのパイプの断熱用に巻回施工を施したところ、施工効率に優れ、且つ、アルミナ繊維ブランケットなどで断熱施工を行う場合に発生する材料ロスも殆ど生じなかった。
実施例２
アルミナ繊維前駆体(アルミニウムと珪素の比はＡｌ2Ｏ3とＳｉＯ2 として７２：２８、平均繊維径７μｍ、繊維長３０〜３００ｍｍ)に、重量比で１０％のビニロン繊維を混合し、これをカード機により解繊して２６ｇ／ｍ2のシート状とした。これを裁断機で幅４０ｍｍの帯状に裁断し、これに皮ベルト式の仮撚り装置(揉み皮)で仮撚りを行い、１．０４ｇ／ｍの紐状の繊維集合体とした。この紐状の繊維集合体を加撚機で２本撚り合わせて一次小縄とし、更にこの一次小縄を１０本撚り合わせて二次小縄とした。この二次小縄を合撚機で８本撚り合わせて直径１７ｍｍの三次小縄とした。この三次小縄を３本撚り合わせた後、空気中で１２５０℃で焼成し、直径２８ｍｍ、重さ２２５ｇ／ｍ、引張束強度１２ｋｇのアルミナ繊維からなるロープ状耐熱材を得た。このロープ状耐熱材を、製鋼用加熱炉の加熱バーナー取り付けフランジのガスケットパッキンとして用いたところ、施工効率に優れ、繰り返し使用に耐えた。
実施例３
アルミナ繊維(平均繊維径４μｍ、繊維長２０〜２００ｍｍ；組成はアルミナ７２重量％、シリカ２８重量％)に重量比で１５％のビニロン繊維を混合し、これをカード機により解繊して、２５ｇ／ｍ2のシート状とした。これを裁断機で幅２５ｍｍの帯状に裁断し、皮ベルト式の仮撚り装置(揉み皮)で仮撚りを行い、０．５ｇ／ｍの紐状の繊維集合体とした。この紐状の繊維集合体を加撚機で２本撚り合わせて一次小縄とし、更にこの一次小縄を１０本撚り合わせて二次小縄とした。この二次小縄を合撚機で８本撚り合わせて直径１２ｍｍの三次小縄とした。三次小縄を３本撚り合わせた後、空気流通下に８００℃で１時間焼成し、直径２３ｍｍ、重さ２００ｇ／ｍ、引張束強度８ｋｇのアルミナ繊維よりなるロープ状耐熱材を得た。
【００１０】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係わるロープ状耐熱材は、高温特性に優れているアルミナ繊維から構成されており、容易に製造することが出来、且つ、ロープ状なので施工性にも優れているので、断熱材や目地材などとして用いられるのに好適である。特にロープ状であって適宜変形させて装着可能なので、Ｏリング溝の様な嵌合溝を有するシール部、狭い間隔のシール部、奥深い隙間などに適用する目地材として用いるのに好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat insulating material applied to a wall surface exposed to a high temperature such as a high temperature furnace or a high temperature duct, or a rope-like heat resistant material suitable for use as a joint material filling a gap between heat insulating materials attached to the wall surface. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a heat insulating material applied to a wall surface exposed to a high temperature such as a high temperature furnace or a high temperature duct, and a joint material filling the joint of the heat insulating material, those made of inorganic fibers such as alumina / silica ceramic fibers are widely used. However, these inorganic fibers shrink or thermally deteriorate when exposed to high temperatures. Therefore, even if these joints are filled with these inorganic fibers, the joints shrink while being exposed to high temperatures, or cracks occur in the filled joints, resulting in a heat insulation effect and a seal. There is a problem that the performance is lowered. In order to fill the joint material in advance assuming shrinkage during use, the joint material needs to be largely compressed in advance, which is difficult in processing.
[0003]
As a method of avoiding shrinkage of joint materials during use, the shrinkage of inorganic fibers at high temperatures is absorbed and the shrinkage as a whole is suppressed by adding vermiculite etc. to the inorganic fibers to impart heat expansion performance. The method is known. However, this method has difficulties in processing joint materials and is not suitable for use in a high temperature range exceeding 800 ° C.
[0004]
In addition, a string-like heat-resistant material in which an aggregate of inorganic fibers is used as a core and this is covered with a flammable exterior material or the outer surface is bag-knitted with a metal wire has also been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-81871, special feature). (See Kaihei 11-30486). However, these also have problems in workability, and there are problems such as a decrease in heat insulation due to the presence of metal wires.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat-resistant material that does not contain combustible materials, is easy to process, has little shrinkage even when exposed to high temperatures, and has good workability.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Heat-resistant material according to the present invention, it was string-shaped by cutting an alumina fiber blanket, a rope-like heat-resistant material consisting of the combined structure twisted string-like fiber aggregate made of alumina fibers plurality rope.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A known alumina fiber is used as a material for the rope-shaped heat-resistant material according to the present invention. The alumina fiber is a crystalline fiber substantially composed of alumina and silica, and the ratio of aluminum to silicon is usually 65:35 to 99: 1 in terms of the weight ratio of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2. It is. Among them, the mullite composition of Al 2 O 3 : SiO 2 = 72: 28 to 80:20 is excellent in stability and elasticity at high temperature, and is suitable as a material for the rope-like heat-resistant material according to the present invention. It is. As is well known, alumina fibers are industrially produced in large quantities by the precursor fiberization method. In this method, first, a viscous spinning solution is prepared by adding a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol to a concentrated aqueous solution of an aluminum salt, preferably basic aluminum chloride having a composition represented by AlCln (OH) 3-n. Prepare. The spinning solution is spun into a precursor fiber by using a double tube nozzle through which air flows out from the outer tube at a high speed and the spinning solution flows out from the inner tube. When this precursor fiber is baked, an alumina fiber is obtained. The diameter of the alumina fiber is usually 1 to 50 μm, but it is preferable to use a rope-like heat-resistant material according to the present invention having a diameter of 3 to 8 μm. The length of the fiber is preferably 5 mm or more, particularly 10 mm or more. The upper limit of the fiber length is arbitrary, but is usually 300 mm or less, and at most 500 mm.
[0008]
The rope-like heat-resistant material according to the present invention has a structure in which this alumina fiber is formed into a long and slender string-like fiber assembly, and a plurality of these are twisted together. The alumina fiber can be made into a string-like fiber aggregate by any method. Alumina fiber itself is small in strength and easy to break, but the precursor fiber is strong and flexible, so the precursor fiber is twisted while being aligned in the length direction to form a thick string, and then calcined. It can be set as the string-like fiber assembly which consists of an alumina fiber. Firing may be performed on the precursor fibers collected to form a string, or may be performed after twisting a plurality of strings to form a rope. As another method, alumina fibers or precursor fibers mixed with organic fibers are formed into a sheet shape, cut into a strip shape to form a string shape, and then fired to form a string shape made of alumina fibers. The fiber assembly can be made. In this case, the firing may be performed for a string-like shape, or may be performed after a plurality of strands are twisted to form a rope shape. Further, as a further alternative, the precursor fibers are accumulated in a mat shape, subjected to needling, and then fired to form a blanket that is cut into a string shape to form a fiber assembly. In order to increase the strength of the string-like fiber aggregate, it is preferable that the string-like fiber aggregate itself is twisted. The number of twists is usually about 5 to 100 times / m. The weight of the string-like fiber aggregate is usually 0.4 to 30 g / m, but preferably 1 to 15 g / m. The bulk density is preferably about 0.05 to 0.6 g / cm 3 . A rope-shaped heat-resistant material according to the present invention can be obtained by twisting a plurality of the string-like alumina fiber aggregates. If desired, the twisting may be repeated a plurality of times, for example, by twisting a plurality of twisted strand-like alumina fiber aggregates. Twisting the string-like fiber aggregate into a rope shape can be performed according to a normal rope manufacturing method. For example, a mixture of a small amount of organic fibers and alumina fibers is formed into a thin sheet shape, and this is cut into a strip shape, and false twist is applied by a scabbard or the like to form a string-like fiber assembly. Next, the fiber aggregate is twisted and combined with an up twister or the like to form a rope, and finally fired to remove the organic fiber, thereby obtaining the rope-shaped heat-resistant material according to the present invention. Regardless of which method is used, the rope-shaped heat-resistant material has a diameter of 1.5 to 120 mm, particularly 3 to 50 mm, a tensile strength of 0.01 to 80 kg, particularly 0.03 to 30 kg, and a weight of Those having 1 to 2200 g / m, particularly 8 to 800 g / m are preferred. The bulk density is preferably 0.05 to 0.6 g / cm 3 . In general, when the bulk density is small, the elasticity is small, and when used as a joint material or a gasket, it becomes difficult to exhibit sufficient sealing performance. Moreover, the thing with a large bulk density is difficult to process, and heat insulation property also falls.
[0009]
【Example】
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Alumina fiber blanket that has been subjected to needling at a density of 15 strokes / cm 2 (bulk density 0.16 g / cm 3 , thickness 7.5 mm, average fiber diameter 4 μm, fiber length 20 to 200 mm; composition is alumina 72 (Weight%, silica 28 weight%) was cut into a width of 10 mm with a cutting machine to form a string-like fiber assembly. This was twisted 30 times / m with a twisting machine, and then twisted together to give a rope-like heat-resistant material having a diameter of 22 mm, a weight of 35 g / m, and a tensile bundle strength of 7 kg. When this rope-shaped heat-resistant material was wound for heat insulation of a pipe having an outer diameter of 250 mm, it was excellent in construction efficiency, and almost no material loss occurred when heat insulation was performed with an alumina fiber blanket or the like. .
Example 2
An alumina fiber precursor (the ratio of aluminum to silicon is 72:28 as Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , average fiber diameter 7 μm, fiber length 30 to 300 mm) is mixed with 10% vinylon fiber by weight, It was defibrated by a card machine to form a sheet of 26 g / m 2 . This was cut into a strip having a width of 40 mm with a cutting machine, and then subjected to false twisting with a leather belt type false twisting device (sheath skin) to obtain a 1.04 g / m string-like fiber assembly. Two strands of this string-like fiber assembly were twisted with a twisting machine to form a primary rope, and 10 primary ropes were further twisted to form a secondary rope. Eight of these secondary ropes were twisted together with a twisting machine to form a tertiary rope with a diameter of 17 mm. After twisting three of these tertiary ropes, they were fired in air at 1250 ° C. to obtain a rope-like heat-resistant material made of alumina fibers having a diameter of 28 mm, a weight of 225 g / m, and a tensile bundle strength of 12 kg. When this rope-like heat-resistant material was used as a gasket packing for a heating burner mounting flange of a steelmaking heating furnace, it was excellent in construction efficiency and withstood repeated use.
Example 3
Alumina fiber (average fiber diameter 4 μm, fiber length 20-200 mm; composition is 72% by weight alumina, 28% by weight silica) is mixed with 15% vinylon fiber by weight, and this is defibrated by a card machine to obtain 25 g / M 2 sheet. This was cut into a strip having a width of 25 mm with a cutting machine, and false twisted with a leather belt type false twisting device (sheath skin) to obtain a string-like fiber assembly of 0.5 g / m. Two strands of this string-like fiber assembly were twisted with a twisting machine to form a primary rope, and 10 primary ropes were further twisted to form a secondary rope. Eight of these secondary ropes were twisted with a twisting machine to form a tertiary rope with a diameter of 12 mm. After twisting three tertiary ropes, they were fired at 800 ° C. for 1 hour under air flow to obtain a rope-like heat-resistant material made of alumina fibers having a diameter of 23 mm, a weight of 200 g / m, and a tensile bundle strength of 8 kg.
[0010]
【Effect of the invention】
The rope-shaped heat-resistant material according to the present invention is composed of alumina fibers having excellent high-temperature characteristics, can be easily manufactured, and is excellent in workability because it is rope-shaped. It is suitable to be used as a material. In particular, since it is rope-shaped and can be mounted by being appropriately deformed, it is suitable for use as a joint material applied to a seal portion having a fitting groove such as an O-ring groove, a narrow gap seal portion, a deep gap, or the like.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001297450A JP4963150B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | Heat resistant material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001297450A JP4963150B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | Heat resistant material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003105682A JP2003105682A (en) | 2003-04-09 |
| JP4963150B2 true JP4963150B2 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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| JP2001297450A Expired - Fee Related JP4963150B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2001-09-27 | Heat resistant material |
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| JP4671819B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2011-04-20 | 中国電力株式会社 | Method for reinforcing high-temperature hollow member |
| WO2015005208A1 (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-15 | 株式会社フルヤ金属 | Structure for protecting high thermal device and method for recovering metallic element |
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| JP3228444B2 (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 2001-11-12 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Method for suppressing dust generation of alumina fiber molded body and inorganic fiber molded body |
| JP2805456B2 (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 1998-09-30 | 日本グラスファイバー工業株式会社 | Backup material for fireproof glass doors |
| JP2926142B2 (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1999-07-28 | 日本グラスファイバー工業株式会社 | Non-combustible rope |
| JP3274836B2 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2002-04-15 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Heat resistant material |
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