JP4957581B2 - Hollow shape joining method and joining structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a joining method and a joining structure of hollow shapes using friction stir welding.

  Friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known as a method for joining metal members. Friction stir welding is a method in which metal members are fixed to each other by causing the metal at the abutting portion to flow plastically by frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member by moving the rotating tool along the abutting portion while rotating the rotating tool. Phase joining is performed. In order to connect the hollow members, the plates at the end of each hollow member are butted against each other, and a rotary tool is pressed against the butted portion to perform friction stir welding (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . In general, the rotating tool is formed by protruding a stirring pin (probe) on the lower end surface of a shoulder portion having a cylindrical shape.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-309164 JP 2004-167498 A

  By the way, in the case of a hollow shape material, since the plate material which comprises this is comparatively thin, there existed a possibility that the board of an edge part may change with the press load of a rotation tool at the time of friction stir welding processing. . Therefore, in the panel structure of Patent Document 1, the hollow member is configured to withstand the pressing load of the rotary tool by increasing the thickness of the end plate or by providing a rib on the hollow member. However, such a configuration cannot be applied to an existing hollow shape member having a thin end plate, and the mold for forming the hollow shape has to be modified.

  In the extruded shape material of Patent Document 2, since a groove is formed in the end plate, a thin portion is formed, and the pressing load of the rotary tool is concentrated on the portion and deformed. In Patent Document 2, the hollow plates having different heights are joined by deforming the end plate, but a gap is formed in the joined portion, and the joining strength between the hollow shapes is increased. The problem remained.

  From this point of view, the present invention provides a hollow profile that can perform friction stir welding that is difficult to cause deformation of the hollow profile, even when the thickness of the hollow profile plate to be bonded is thin. It is an object to provide a bonding method and a bonding structure.

  The invention according to claim 1 for solving such a problem includes a first plate, a second plate opposed to the first plate, an end of the first plate, and the second plate. In the hollow shape joining method for joining hollow shapes provided with a third plate for connecting the end portions of the plates, an intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow shapes, and the hollow shape is provided. The members are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other, and the hollow shape members are arranged so that the third plate abuts against both surfaces of the intermediate plate, respectively, and a rotating tool for friction stir welding is rotated. It is a hollow shape joining method characterized by pressing against the end face of the plate and friction stir welding the butted portion of each third plate and the intermediate plate.

  According to such a method, the intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow shapes, so that the thickness of the member at the abutting portion is increased, so that the rigidity against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be increased, and the hollow shape Becomes difficult to deform. Furthermore, since the thickness of the butt portion is increased by providing the intermediate plate separately from the hollow shape member, the third plate can be applied to an existing hollow shape material having a thin thickness. Since it is not necessary to remodel a mold for forming such a new hollow member, it is possible to prevent an increase in cost. In addition, since the hollow shape is difficult to deform, a gap is hardly generated at the abutting portion, and a decrease in bonding strength can be prevented.

  The invention according to claim 2 includes a first plate, a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate, an end portion of the first plate, and an end portion of the second plate. In a hollow shape joining method for joining hollow shapes, which are connected to each other and include a third plate substantially orthogonal to the first plate and the second plate, the hollow shape An intermediate plate is interposed between the materials, and the hollow shape materials are spaced apart from each other, the first plates are positioned on the same plane, and the third plates are respectively The hollow members are arranged so as to abut both surfaces of the intermediate plate, and the rotated rotating tool for friction stir welding is pressed against the end surface of the intermediate plate, so that each of the third plate and the intermediate plate Is a hollow shape joining method characterized by friction stir welding at the butted portion

  Such a joining method is a joining method of a hollow section having a rectangular cross section, and as in claim 1, the thickness of the member of the butt portion is increased, and the rigidity against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be increased. The hollow profile can be made difficult to deform. In addition, it can be applied to existing hollow profiles with a thin third plate, and it is not necessary to remodel the mold for forming a new hollow profile as in the past, thus preventing an increase in cost. can do. In addition, since the hollow shape is difficult to deform, a gap is hardly generated at the abutting portion, and a decrease in bonding strength can be prevented. Furthermore, if an intermediate plate having a different thickness is provided according to an error in the width dimension of the hollow profile, the accuracy of the width dimension of the connected hollow profile after joining can be increased.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a first plate, a second plate facing the first plate, an end portion of the first plate, and an end portion of the second plate are connected. And a rib extending from the intersection of the first plate and the third plate to the second plate or the intersection of the second plate and the third plate. A hollow shape joining method for joining hollow shapes having ribs extending from the first shape to the first plate, wherein an intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow shapes, the hollow shape The members are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other, and the hollow shape members are arranged so that the third plate abuts against both surfaces of the intermediate plate, respectively, and a rotating tool for friction stir welding is rotated. Press against the end face of the plate and friction stir weld the butted portion of each third plate and the intermediate plate. Which is a joining method of hollow shape members, wherein.

  According to such a method, by providing the hollow member with the rib extending from one end of the third plate, the rib can receive the pressing load of the rotary tool in a distributed manner, and the rigidity against the pressing load can be obtained. The hollow profile can hardly be deformed. As a result, a gap is hardly generated at the abutting portion, and a decrease in bonding strength can be prevented.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members so that the hollow members are spaced apart from each other, and the third plate is provided on both surfaces of the intermediate plate. Further, the intermediate plate is configured to protrude from the surface of the hollow shape member connected to each other to form a protrusion, and a rotated rotary tool for friction stir welding is pushed onto the end surface of the intermediate plate. 4. The hollow shape joining method according to claim 1, wherein the abutting portion between each of the third plates and the intermediate plate is friction stir welded. 5. .

  According to such a method, by appropriately adjusting the volume of the ridge, the amount of metal pushed into the butt portion by the rotary tool can be secured, so that no cavity defect or surface dent occurs in the butt portion, and the surface Therefore, it is possible to obtain a flat and highly accurate joint. Moreover, in order to form a protrusion at the butt portion, it is only necessary to increase the height of the intermediate plate, and there is no need for modification of the mold as compared with the case where a convex portion is formed at the end of the hollow shape member. Therefore, cost increase can be prevented.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the hollow shape member includes an engaging protrusion that substantially extends the first plate and the second plate on the outer surface side of the third plate, The intermediate plate is provided with a groove to be engaged with the engaging ridge inserted on the surface thereof, and the third plate in a state where the engaging ridge is engaged with and engaged with the groove. Are arranged so that each of the hollow plates abuts on both surfaces of the intermediate plate, and the rotated rotating tool for friction stir welding is pressed against the end surface of the intermediate plate, and the third plate and the 5. The hollow shape joining method according to claim 4, wherein the abutting portion with the intermediate plate is friction stir welded.

  According to such a method, the positioning at the time of abutting the hollow shape member and the intermediate plate can be easily performed, and the hollow shape member and the intermediate plate are not displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate. In addition, the friction stir welding can be performed in a stable state.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that friction stir welding is performed from above in a state where the first plate of the hollow shape material butted against both surfaces of the intermediate plate is placed on a bed. It is the joining method of the hollow shape material of any one of thru | or 5.

  According to such a method, the pressing load of the rotary tool can be reliably received, and the friction stir welding can be performed easily and reliably.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that a minute gap is formed in a butt portion between the intermediate plate and the third plate. This is a method of joining hollow shapes.

  According to such a method, the portions other than the minute gaps of the butted portions are in close contact with each other, and the bonding strength can be increased.

  The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that the butted portion is friction stir welded in a state where the intermediate plate is sandwiched from both sides by the third plate of the hollow shape member. It is a joining method of the hollow shape material of any one.

  According to such a method, the rigidity which can bear the pressing load of a rotary tool can be improved by pressing an intermediate plate from the both surfaces with the 3rd plate of a hollow shape material, respectively.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the intermediate plate has flange portions at both ends in the height direction, and the hollow profile is fitted between the flange portions at both ends of the intermediate plate. The hollow shape joining method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the joining is performed.

  By the way, the height direction of the intermediate plate refers to a direction in which the third plate extends from the first plate side toward the second plate side. According to such a method, the rigidity of the intermediate plate can be increased, and the rigidity of the butt portion against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be increased. Furthermore, the hollow members can be reliably and easily positioned by fitting the hollow members into the intermediate plate.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that the thickness of the flange portion is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 times the thickness dimension of the hollow shape member. This is a method of joining shape members.

  By the way, the thickness of the hollow shape member refers to the distance between the surface of the first plate and the surface of the second plate, and refers to the vertical length of the third plate.

  According to such a method, it becomes easy to prevent a reduction in the thickness of the hollow shape member and to obtain a required strength. If the thickness of the flange portion is less than 0.2 times the thickness of the hollow profile, the thickness compensation due to the increase in the thickness of the hollow profile may be insufficient, while the thickness of the flange When the thickness exceeds 1.0 times the thickness dimension of the hollow shape member, a protruding portion remains after joining, so that loss of the metal material occurs and the time required for joining increases. Therefore, the range excluding these is the thickness of the flange portion.

  The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that the flange portion has a width within a range of 0.8 to 1.0 times a shoulder diameter of the rotary tool. This is a method for joining hollow shapes.

  According to such a method, a flange part can be hold | suppressed by the lower end surface of the shoulder part of a rotary tool, a flange part can be plastic-fluidized with a stirring pin, and sound friction stir welding can be performed. If the width of the flange portion is less than 0.8 times the shoulder diameter of the rotary tool, the cross-sectional area of the flange portion becomes insufficient. On the other hand, if the width of the flange portion exceeds 1.0 times the shoulder diameter of the rotary tool, As a result, the number of burrs generated after passing through the rotating tool increases, loss of the metal material occurs, and the time required to remove the burrs increases. Therefore, the range excluding these is the width of the flange portion.

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the bed has a protrusion receiving groove capable of storing the protrusion, and the friction stir welding is performed in a state where the protrusion is stored in the protrusion receiving groove of the bed. A hollow shape joining method according to claim 6, wherein:

  According to such a method, the friction stir welding can be performed without causing the hollow profile to rattle.

  The invention according to claim 13 is characterized in that the intermediate plate and the third plate are subjected to friction stir welding in a state where the intermediate plate and the third plate are bonded with a double-sided tape. It is the joining method of the hollow shape material as described in above.

  According to such a method, since the hollow shape member and the intermediate plate are not displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate, the rigidity against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be increased and the friction stir welding is performed in a stable state. be able to.

  The invention according to claim 14 is characterized in that the intermediate plate and the third plate are subjected to friction stir welding in a state where the intermediate plate and the third plate are bonded with an adhesive. It is the joining method of the hollow shape material as described in above.

  According to such a method, since the hollow shape member and the intermediate plate are not displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate, the rigidity against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be increased and the friction stir welding is performed in a stable state. be able to.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the friction stir welding is performed with the low melting point metal solder provided between the intermediate plate and the third plate. It is a joining method of the hollow shape material of any one.

  According to such a method, the low melting point metal solder is easily melted at the butt portion, and the bonding strength can be increased.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the intermediate plate has solder receiving grooves for receiving the low melting point metal solder on both surfaces thereof, and the friction stirrer is performed in a state where the low melting point metal solder is received in the solder receiving groove. The hollow shape joining method according to claim 15, wherein joining is performed.

  According to such a method, the low-melting-point metal solder can be easily melted at the abutting portion, the bonding strength can be increased, and the low-melting-point metal solder can be fixed to the intermediate plate by easy processing.

  The invention according to claim 17 is the hollow shape joining method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the low melting point metal solder is disposed so as to be in contact with the friction stir zone.

  According to such a method, the low melting point metal solder can be reliably melted.

  The invention according to claim 18 is the hollow shape joining method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the low melting point metal solder is disposed in the friction stir zone.

  Even by such a method, the low melting point metal solder can be reliably melted.

  The invention according to claim 19 is characterized in that the low melting point metal solder is an alloy material composed mainly of one or more of zinc, tin, bismuth and indium. Item 19. The method for joining hollow shapes according to any one of Items 18 above.

  According to such a method, the low melting point metal solder is particularly easily melted at the butt portion, and the bonding strength can be increased.

  The invention according to claim 20 is characterized in that the low melting point metal solder includes a hollow sheath made of an alloy material mainly composed of one or more of zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium, and an inside of the sheath. 19. The mixed metal powder according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the mixed powder is composed of a mixed alkali metal chloride and a mixture of two or more of zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium chloride. This is a method of joining hollow shapes.

  According to such a method, the oxidation of the surface of the low melting point metal solder is suppressed at the butt portion, and the bonding strength can be increased.

  In a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, a backing member is provided in an inner space of the hollow shape member, and the backing member includes an inner surface of the third plate, the first plate, and the first plate. The hollow shape joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the method is in contact with an inner surface of the second plate.

  According to such a method, the rigidity of the butt portion against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be further increased.

  According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, a first plate, a second plate facing the first plate, an end portion of the first plate, and an end portion of the second plate are connected. In the hollow structure joining structure for joining the hollow profiles provided with the three plates, an intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow profiles, and the hollow profiles are arranged apart from each other. In addition, the hollow shape members are arranged so that the third plate abuts on both surfaces of the intermediate plate, respectively, and a friction stir zone is provided at the abutting portion between the third plate and the intermediate plate. This is a feature of a hollow structure joining structure.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a hollow structure joining structure having high rigidity with respect to the pressing load of the rotary tool, being hard to be deformed, and having a high joining strength at a low cost. Furthermore, since the thickness of the butt portion is increased by providing the intermediate plate separately from the hollow shape member, the third plate can be applied to an existing hollow shape material having a thin thickness. Since it is not necessary to remodel a mold for forming such a new hollow member, it is possible to prevent an increase in cost. Further, since the hollow shape is difficult to be deformed, no gap is generated at the butt portion, and a decrease in bonding strength can be prevented.

  According to the hollow shape joining method and joining structure according to the present invention, the friction stir welding is performed while suppressing the deformation of the hollow shape even when the plate of the hollow shape to be joined is thin. It is possible to obtain an excellent operational effect such as

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First embodiment]
As the best first embodiment for carrying out the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a description will be given by taking as an example a joining method for joining the hollow members 10 and 10 linearly.

  In the present embodiment, the hollow shape member 10 includes a first plate 11, a second plate 12 substantially parallel to the first plate 11, an end portion 11 a of the first plate 11, and a second plate 11. A first plate 11 and a third plate 13 that is substantially orthogonal to the second plate 12 are provided to connect the end 12 a of the plate 12. That is, the hollow member 10 has a substantially rectangular cross section, and the third plate 13 has both end portions 11a and 12a of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 (only one end is shown in FIG. 1). ) Is configured to connect. There are no particular restrictions on the shape and dimensions of the hollow members 10 and 10 connected to each other, but in this embodiment, it is desirable that the thickness dimension (the length dimension of the third plate 13) be the same.

  The hollow member 10 is made of a metal material that can be frictionally stirred such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. In this embodiment, one hollow shape member 10 and the other hollow shape member 10 are formed of a metal material (for example, an aluminum alloy) having the same composition. When the hollow shape is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, it is formed as an extruded shape.

  In the present invention, an intermediate plate 20 is interposed between the hollow members 10 and 10. When the hollow members 10 and 10 are joined together, the intermediate plate 20 is interposed therebetween, the hollow members 10 and 10 are arranged apart from each other, and the third plate 13 is an intermediate plate. The hollow shape members 10 and 10 are arranged so as to face both surfaces of 20.

  The intermediate plate 20 is a plate material provided along the third plate 13 at the butting portion 21 between the hollow shape members 10 and 10. The intermediate plate 20 has a height equivalent to the thickness of the hollow shape member 10 (distance between the surface of the first plate 11 and the surface of the second plate 12) (showing the vertical direction in FIG. 1). When the intermediate plate 20 is interposed between the hollow members 10 and 10, the upper and lower ends of the intermediate plate 20 are connected to the first plate 11 and the second plate. It is configured to be flush with the surface of the plate 12. The intermediate plate 20 is positioned along the longitudinal direction of the third plate 13 (the front and back direction in FIG. 1), and has a length equivalent to the length of each of the third plates 13 and 13 in the longitudinal direction. Is formed. Similar to the hollow member 10, the intermediate plate 20 is made of a metal material that can be frictionally stirred, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. In the present embodiment, the intermediate plate 20 is formed of a metal material having the same composition as the hollow shape member 10.

  Next, the rotary tool 30 used for joining will be described.

  The rotary tool 30 is made of a metal material harder than the hollow shape member 10 and the intermediate plate 20 such as tool steel, and has a columnar shoulder portion 31 and a stirring pin protruding from a lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 ( Probe) 33. The size and shape of the rotary tool 30 may be set according to the material and thickness of the hollow shape member 10 and the intermediate plate 20.

  The lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 is a portion that plays a role of preventing the scattering to the surroundings by pressing the plastic fluidized metal, and is formed into a flat shape in the present embodiment. Although the outer diameter of the shoulder portion 31 is not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the thickness is equal to the thickness of the third plate 13, the intermediate plate 20, and the other third plate 13. It has become.

  The stirring pin 33 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in the present embodiment. A stirring blade (not shown) engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin 33. Although the outer diameter of the stirring pin 33 is not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the tip of the stirring pin 33 has a diameter slightly larger than the thickness dimension of the intermediate plate 20 (the horizontal dimension in FIG. 1). The base end portion of the stirring pin 33 is formed to have a diameter smaller than the thickness of the third plate 13, the intermediate plate 20, and the other third plate 13.

  In addition, the length of the stirring pin 33 is, for example, 3 to 10 (mm), the diameter is 2 to 10 (mm), and the diameter of the shoulder portion 31 is, for example, 6 to 25 (mm). Further, the rotational speed of the rotary tool 30 is 500 to 15000 (rpm), the feed speed is 0.05 to 2 (m / min), and the pushing force for pressing the butting portion 21 of the hollow shape members 10 and 10 is 1 to 20 ( kN), and is appropriately selected according to the material, plate thickness, and shape of the hollow shape member 10 and the intermediate plate 20.

  Hereinafter, the joining method according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.

  When joining the hollow shape members 10, 10, as shown in FIG. 1A, first, an intermediate plate 20 is interposed between the hollow shape members 10, 10 to form the hollow shape members 10, 10. They are placed apart from each other. In other words, the hollow members 10 and 10 are arranged such that the third plates 13 and 13 face each other with a predetermined interval therebetween, and respectively abut against both surfaces of the intermediate plate 20. Since the intermediate plate 20 is formed at a height (in the vertical direction in FIG. 1) equivalent to the thickness and dimensions of the hollow shape member 10, both the upper and lower ends of the intermediate plate 20 and the first shape of the hollow shape member 10. The surface of the plate 11 and the surface of the second plate 12 are substantially flush. Further, since the intermediate plate 20 has the same dimensions as the third plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, both the longitudinal end portions of the intermediate plate 20 and the longitudinal end portions of the third plate 13 are substantially the same. Become one.

  Here, in the unlikely event that a manufacturing error has occurred in the width dimension of the hollow shape member 10 (the dimension in the horizontal direction in FIG. 1), the surface of the intermediate plate 20 is partially polished, etc. The intermediate plate 20 in the portion where the width dimension of the material 10 is increased is made thinner. In this way, when the hollow shape member 10, the intermediate plate 20, and the hollow shape member 10 are brought into contact with each other, the width dimensions of the panel to which the hollow shape members 10, 10 are joined as a whole are unified.

  In the state as described above, the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20 are placed on the bed 40. In the present embodiment, the bed 40 has a flat surface, and the intermediate plate 20 that is the center of the butted portion 21 is placed on a stable portion such as the vicinity of the center of gravity of the bed 40. At this time, the hollow members 10 and 10 are restrained by a jig (not shown), and the intermediate plate 20 is sandwiched between the hollow members 10 and 10. Thus, by placing the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20 on the bed 40, it is possible to reliably receive the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 at the time of friction stir welding described later, and in a stable state. Friction stir welding can be performed easily and reliably.

  Thereafter, the rotary tool 30 is moved to a position immediately above the joining start position provided at an appropriate position of the intermediate plate 20, and then the rotating tool 30 is lowered while rotating to press the stirring pin 33 against the joining start position.

  When the stirring pin 33 comes into contact with the intermediate plate 20 and the surface of the butted portion 21 of the hollow shape members 10 and 10, the metal (the intermediate plate 20 and the hollow shape members 10 and 10) around the stirring pin 33 is caused by frictional heat. The plastic pin is fluidized and the stirring pin 33 is inserted into the butt portion 21.

  At this time, the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is applied to the butting portion 21, but in the butting portion 21, the pair of third plates 13 and 13 and the intermediate plate 20 are combined to be sufficient to withstand the pressing load. Thickness is secured. Therefore, the butting portion 21 is hardly buckled and deformed. In addition, the tip of the stirring pin 33 of the rotary tool 30 has a diameter slightly larger than the thickness dimension of the intermediate plate 20, and the base end is the third plate 13, the intermediate plate 20, and the other third plate 13. Therefore, the fluidized portion 21a plastically fluidized by the rotary tool 30 does not extend to the inner surface of the hollow shape member 10, but covers the entire plate thickness. Therefore, the deformation of the hollow shape member 10 can be prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, when the entire stirring pin 33 enters the abutting portion 21 and the entire lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 contacts the surface of the abutting portion 21, the rotary tool 30 is rotated. Meanwhile, the intermediate plate 20 and the third plate 13 are moved relative to each other along the longitudinal direction (the front and back direction in FIG. 1).

  When the rotary tool 30 is moved, the axis of the shoulder portion 31 may be slightly inclined to the rear side in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line, or may be vertical without being inclined. If the axis of the shoulder portion 31 is made vertical without being inclined, the direction of the rotary tool 30 can be easily changed, and a complicated movement is possible. When the rotary tool 30 is moved as described above, the third plates 13 and 13 and the intermediate plate 20 around the stirring pin 33 are sequentially plastically fluidized and mixed, and at a position away from the stirring pin 33, The plastic fluidized metal is hardened again, and the hollow members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20 are integrally consolidated.

  Thereafter, when the rotating tool 30 reaches the joining end position, the rotating tool 30 is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin 33 is detached from the joining end position.

  As described above, when the one-side friction stir welding is completed, as shown in FIG. 1C, the intermediate plate 20 and the hollow members 10, 10 are reversed on the bed 40, so that the hollow members 10, 10 are reversed. Then, the same process as described above is performed on the butted portion 21 of the intermediate plate 20 and the other surface is friction stir welded. As a result, friction stir welding is performed on both surfaces of the hollow shape members 10 and 10, and the hollow shape members 10 and 10 are securely fixed to each other.

  According to such a joining method of the hollow members, the intermediate member 20 is interposed between the hollow members 10, 10 so that the longitudinal members of the butt portion 21 (the third plates 13, 13 and the intermediate plate 20). Therefore, the rigidity of the rotary tool 30 against the pressing load can be increased. Further, since the intermediate plate 20 is sandwiched between the third plates 13 and 13 from both sides, the load transmitted to the intermediate plate 20 is reliably transmitted to the third plates 13 and 13, and the thickness of the member Stiffness can be utilized effectively.

  Further, in the hollow shape member 10, the thickness of the third plate 13 at the end is thin and weak against compressive force. Therefore, in order to increase the rigidity of the portion, the thickness of the third plate is increased. However, according to the present embodiment, the thickness of the butt portion 21 can be easily increased only by interposing the intermediate plate 20 between the hollow members 10 and 10. Can be thick.

  As described above, since the rigidity of the butt portion 21 is increased, the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 can be counteracted, the third plate 13 of the hollow shape members 10 and 10 is not easily deformed, and dimensional accuracy is improved. A high hollow shape joint structure can be obtained. Further, since the intermediate plate 20 is provided separately from the hollow shape members 10 and 10 to increase the thickness of the butt portion 21, the third plate 13 is applied to the existing hollow shape member 10 with a thin thickness. In addition, since it is not necessary to remodel a mold for forming a new hollow shape material such as increasing the thickness of the third plate, an increase in cost can be prevented. Further, since the deformation of the hollow shape member 10 can be suppressed, a gap is hardly generated in the butt portion 21, and a decrease in bonding strength can be prevented.

  Furthermore, when an error occurs in the width dimension (horizontal dimension in FIG. 1) of the hollow shape members 10, 10, if an intermediate plate 20 having a different thickness is provided according to the dimension error, the dimension error is reduced. It is possible to obtain a hollow structure joining structure that can absorb and has high accuracy in the width dimension of the joined hollow form after joining.

  In the above-described embodiment, the hollow shape member 10 having a substantially rectangular cross section has been described as an example. However, the shape of the hollow shape member is not limited to the rectangular shape, and the first plate and the second plate are not limited to the rectangular shape. Of course, the present invention can be applied even when the plates are opposed to each other in a non-parallel relationship.

[Second Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 2, the second embodiment is a joining method for joining the hollow members 10 and 10 linearly, and the intermediate plate 20 a is formed from the surface (upper surface and lower surface) of the hollow member 10. It is the form comprised so that it might protrude.

  Specifically, the intermediate plate 20a is formed wider than the intermediate plate 20 of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1) (the vertical dimension in FIG. 2). The dimension is longer than the thickness (the distance between the surface of the first plate 11 and the surface of the second plate 12). Accordingly, the upper and lower ends of the intermediate plate 20a protrude from the both surfaces of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 of the hollow shape member 10 by a predetermined length to form the ridge 22. ing. Part of the metal material of the protrusion 22 becomes a burr (not shown) during the friction stir welding, and is removed after the friction stir welding.

  On the other hand, in the bed 40a of the present embodiment, a ridge housing groove 41 for housing the ridge 22 is formed. The protrusion accommodating groove 41 is formed by vertically moving a linear movable portion 43 formed on the bed 40a. The depth of the ridge accommodation groove 41 is determined by adjusting the amount of up and down movement of the movable portion 43, and is configured to have a dimension equivalent to the projection dimension of the ridge 22. The hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20a are placed on the bed 40a so that the protrusions 22 are accommodated in the protrusion accommodating grooves 41 of the bed 40a.

  The other configurations of the hollow shape member 10 and the rotary tool 30 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  The operation of the rotary tool 30 when joining the hollow shape members 10, 10 is basically the same as in the first embodiment, but when the rotary tool 30 is lowered from just above the joining start position. First, it contacts the upper end of the intermediate plate 20a. At this time, the upper end portion of the intermediate plate 20a around the stirring pin 33 is plastically fluidized by frictional heat at first, and as the stirring pin 33 descends, the surrounding hollow shape members 10 and 10 are also plastically fluidized. Finally, the stirring pin 33 is inserted into the butt portion 21.

  At this time, a pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is applied to the butting portion 21, but the pair of third plates 13 and 13 and the intermediate plate 20 a are mated in the butting portion 21 as in the first embodiment. A sufficient thickness to withstand the pressing load is ensured. Therefore, the butt portion 21 does not buckle and deform.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, when the entire stirring pin 33 enters the abutting portion 21 and the entire lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 contacts the surface of the hollow shape member 10, the rotating tool 30 is rotated. While moving, the relative movement is made to the joining end position along the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 20 and the third plate 13 (the front and back direction in FIG. 1). At this time, a part of the metal material of the protrusion 22 portion becomes a burr (not shown), but this burr is removed after the friction stir welding.

  Thereafter, when the rotating tool 30 reaches the joining end position, the rotating tool 30 is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin 33 is detached from the joining end position.

  As described above, when the one-side friction stir welding is completed, as shown in FIG. 2C, the intermediate plate 20a and the hollow members 10, 10 are reversed on the bed 40a. At this time, the movable part 43 of the bed 40a may be raised to make the bed 40a flat. Thereafter, the same process as described above is performed on the butted portion 21 between the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20a, and the other surface is friction stir welded. As a result, friction stir welding is performed on both surfaces of the hollow shape members 10 and 10, and the hollow shape members 10 and 10 are securely fixed to each other.

  According to the present embodiment as described above, in addition to the same effects as the first embodiment, the protrusion 22 is formed by increasing the height dimension of the intermediate plate 20a, so that the rotating tool 30 makes a butt contact. Since the amount of metal pushed into the portion 21 can be increased, it is possible to form a sound joint with few cavity defects. Further, by adjusting the size of the protrusion 22, the surface of the butted portion 21 after joining can be formed on a flat surface without a recess, or a recess or a protrusion can be formed.

  Further, in order to form the protrusion 22 at the abutting portion 21, it is only necessary to increase the height of the intermediate plate 20a. Compared with the case where the convex portion is formed at the end of the hollow shape member, the mold is modified. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the above process, and the cost increase can be prevented.

  Since the ridge accommodating groove 41 is formed in the bed 40a, the ridge 22 can be supported by the ridge accommodating groove 41, and the hollow shape members 10, 10 can be supported by other plane portions. The pressing load can be reliably received, and the friction stir welding can be performed easily and reliably without the hollow members 10 and 10 being deformed. Furthermore, since the bed 40a can change the depth of the protrusion accommodation groove | channel 41 by raising / lowering the movable part 43, it can support the protrusion of various dimensions reliably.

[Third embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 3, the third embodiment is a joining method for joining the hollow members 10, 10 linearly, and the intermediate plate 20 c has flange portions 24, 24 at both ends in the height direction. Each of them has a shape in which the hollow shape members 10, 10 are friction stir welded in a state of being fitted between the flange portions 24, 24 at both ends of the intermediate plate 20c.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the intermediate plate 20 c has an H-shaped cross section, and the distance between the upper and lower flange portions 24, 24 is equal to the thickness dimension of the hollow shape members 10, 10. It is length. And the hollow shape member 10 is fitted and inserted between the flange parts 24 and 24, and the 3rd board 13 contacts the surface of the web part 24a of the intermediate | middle plate 20c. Thereby, in the butt portion 21, the flange portion 24 constitutes a ridge 22 a protruding from the surface of the hollow shape member 10, 10.

  The flange portion 24 is formed such that its thickness T1 (projection length of the protrusion 22a) is in a range of 0.2 to 1.0 times the thickness dimension T2 of the hollow shape member 10. This is because if the thickness T1 of the flange portion 24 is less than 0.2 times the thickness dimension T2 of the hollow shape member 10, the thickness compensation due to the increase in the thickness dimension T2 of the hollow shape member 10 may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the thickness T1 of the flange portion 24 exceeds 1.0 times the thickness dimension T2 of the hollow shape member 10, a protruding portion remains after joining, so that loss of the metal material occurs and time required for joining Focusing on this point, the range of the thickness T1 of the flange portion 24 was set as described above. According to this, it becomes easy to prevent the reduction | decrease in the plate | board thickness of the hollow shape member 10, and to obtain required intensity | strength.

  The flange portion 24 is formed such that its width W (width of the protrusion 22 a) is within a range of 0.8 to 1.0 times the shoulder diameter R of the rotary tool 30. This is because if the width W of the flange portion 24 is less than 0.8 times the shoulder diameter R of the rotary tool 30, the cross-sectional area of the flange portion 24 is insufficient, while the width W of the flange portion 24 is the shoulder of the rotary tool 30. Paying attention to the fact that when the diameter R exceeds 1.0 times, the burr generated after passing through the rotary tool 30 increases, the loss of the metal material occurs, and the time required to remove the burr increases. The range of the width W of the flange portion 24 was set as described above. According to this, the range excluding these is the width W of the flange portion 24. According to this, the whole flange part 24 can be hold | suppressed by the lower end surface 32 of the shoulder part 31 of the rotary tool 30, the flange part 32 can be plastic-fluidized by the stirring pin 33, and sound friction stir welding can be performed. it can.

  The bed 40a has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, and the movable portion 43 is lowered by the thickness dimension of the flange portion 24 to receive the protrusion 22a formed of the flange portion 24. Form.

  The other configurations of the hollow shape member 10 and the rotary tool 30 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  When performing friction stir welding, first, when the intermediate plate 20c is interposed between the hollow members 10, 10, the hollow members 10, 10 are brought into contact with the intermediate plate 20c. In the present embodiment, Since the flange portions 24 and 24 are formed on the upper and lower sides of the intermediate plate 20 c, the hollow shape member 10 can be fitted between the flange portions 24 and 24. Therefore, each flange part 24 and 24 becomes a guide of movement of the hollow shape member 10, and positioning of contact of the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate | middle plate 20c can be performed correctly and easily. Moreover, since the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20c are fitted to each other, they are easy to move.

  The operation of the rotary tool 30 when joining the hollow shape members 10, 10 is basically the same as in the first embodiment, but when the rotary tool 30 is lowered from just above the joining start position. , Abuts on the flange 24 at the end of the intermediate plate 20c. At this time, the flange 24 at the end of the intermediate plate 20c around the stirring pin 33 is plastically fluidized by the frictional heat at first, and as the stirring pin 33 descends, the surrounding hollow shape members 10 and 10 also move. The plastic fluidized and finally the agitating pin 33 is inserted into the butt portion 21.

  At this time, although the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is applied to the butting portion 21, the pair of third plates 13 and 13 and the intermediate plate 20c are combined in the butting portion 21 as in the first embodiment. A sufficient thickness to withstand the pressing load is ensured. Therefore, the butting portion 21 is hardly buckled and deformed. Further, in the intermediate plate 20c, the flange portions 24, 24 at the upper and lower ends serve as reinforcing ribs, and the rigidity of the intermediate plate 20c itself is increased. Therefore, the rigidity of the butt portion 21 against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is further increased. Can be increased.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, when the entire stirring pin 33 enters the abutting portion 21 and the entire lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 contacts the surface of the abutting portion 21, the rotary tool 30 is rotated. However, the intermediate plate 20 and the third plate 13 are relatively moved along the longitudinal direction (the front and back direction in FIG. 1) to the joining end position. Thereafter, the rotating tool 30 is rotated and raised to disengage the stirring pin 33 from the joining end position. At this time, a part of the metal material of the protrusion 22 portion becomes a burr (not shown), but this burr is removed after the friction stir welding.

  As described above, when the friction stir welding on one side is completed, the intermediate plate 20c and the hollow members 10 and 10 are reversed on the bed 40a as shown in FIG. At this time, the movable part 43 of the bed 40a may be raised to make the bed 40a flat. Thereafter, the same process as described above is performed on the butted portion 21 between the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20c, and the other surface is friction stir welded. As a result, friction stir welding is performed on both surfaces of the hollow shape members 10 and 10, and the hollow shape members 10 and 10 are securely fixed to each other.

  According to the present embodiment as described above, since the flange portion 24 constitutes the protrusion 22a, the amount of metal pushed into the abutting portion 21 by the rotary tool 30 in addition to the operational effects of the first embodiment. Can be secured, and a healthy joint with few cavity defects can be formed. Further, by adjusting the thickness of the flange portion 24, the surface of the butted portion 21 after joining can be formed into a flat surface without a recess, or a recess or a protrusion can be formed. Further, as described above, by fitting the hollow shape member 10 between the flange portions 24, 24, it is possible to accurately and easily position the contact, and the flange portions 24, 24 are reinforced. By fulfilling the role of the rib, the rigidity of the intermediate plate 20c itself is increased, and the effect of being able to further increase the rigidity of the butt portion 21 against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 can be obtained.

[Fourth embodiment]
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the hollow members 10a and 10a are joined at a right angle.

  The hollow member 10a of this embodiment includes a first plate 11, a second plate 12 substantially parallel to the first plate 11, an end portion 11a of the first plate 11, and a second plate. A third plate 13 is provided to connect the 12 end portions 12a. Here, the third plate 13 is formed with an inclination of 45 degrees with respect to the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. At the connecting portion between the first plate 11 and the third plate 13 corresponding to the inner corner portion 25a of the butted portion 25 that joins the hollow shape members 10a, 10a at a right angle, the first plate 11 and the third plate The plate 13 intersects an obtuse angle with an internal angle of 135 degrees. At the connecting portion of the second plate 12 and the third plate 13 corresponding to the outer protruding corner portion 25b of the butted portion 25, the second plate 12 and the third plate 13 intersect at an acute angle with an internal angle of 45 degrees. is doing.

  In FIG. 4, only one end of the hollow shape member 10 a is illustrated, but a third end (not shown) is formed at the multi-end depending on the shape and dimensions of other hollow shape members to be connected. The first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are formed to be orthogonal or inclined.

  The third plates 13 and 13 of the hollow members 10a and 10a to be joined to each other are arranged in parallel to each other, and an intermediate plate 20d is interposed between the third plates 13 and 13. The intermediate plate 20d includes flange portions 26a and 26b at both ends in the height direction. The flange portion 26a located at the inner corner portion 25a of the butted portion 25 is formed in a cross-sectional triangle, and the surfaces 27a corresponding to the hypotenuses of the flange portions 26a are arranged at a right angle to each other of the first hollow shape members 10a, 10a. It is comprised so that it may contact | abut to the outer surface of the plates 11 and 11, respectively. A surface 27b corresponding to the base of the triangle is configured to spread in a direction orthogonal to the height direction of the intermediate plate 20d. The flange portion 26b located at the outer protruding corner portion 25b of the butted portion 25 is formed in a V-shaped cross section, and the inner surfaces 27c of the second hollow shape members 10a and 10a arranged at right angles to each other. It is comprised so that it may contact | abut to the outer surface of the plates 12 and 12, respectively. The bottom portion of the V-shape is chamfered to form a flat surface, and the bottom surface 27d is configured to spread in a direction perpendicular to the height direction of the intermediate plate 20d.

  Other configurations of the rotary tool 30 and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  When performing friction stir welding, first, the hollow members 10a and 10a are abutted against the intermediate plate 20d. At this time, since the flange portions 26a and 26b are formed at both ends in the height direction of the intermediate plate 20d, the hollow shape member 10a can be inserted between the flange portions 26a and 26b as a guide. Thereby, the positioning of the contact between the hollow shape members 10a and 10a and the intermediate plate 20d can be accurately and easily performed.

  When the inner corner portion 25a is joined by friction stir welding, the hollow shape members 10a and 10a and the intermediate plate 20d are fixed to a bed (not shown) having a groove having a substantially V-shaped cross section, and the rotary tool 30 from above. Press while rotating. When friction stir welding is performed on the outer protruding corner portion 25b, the hollow shape members 10a and 10a and the intermediate plate 20d are fixed to a bed (not shown) having a protrusion having an approximately V-shaped cross section and rotated from above. This is done by pressing the tool 30 while rotating it. At this time, the intermediate plate 20d may be arranged so that the height direction thereof is the vertical direction.

  And when joining hollow shape material 10a, 10a, the rotary tool 30 is moved along the height direction of the intermediate | middle plate 20d, and it presses against the butt | matching part 25. FIG. At this time, the pair of third plates 13 and 13 and the intermediate plate 20d are combined in the butting portion 25, and a sufficient thickness to withstand the pressing load is ensured. Moreover, since the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is applied straight along the height direction of the intermediate plate 20d, the butt portion 21 is hardly deformed.

  Further, when the stirring pin 33 is pressed against the joining start position provided at an appropriate position of the intermediate plate 20d while rotating the rotary tool 30, the surface with which the stirring pin 33 first contacts (corresponding to the triangular base of the flange portion 26a). Since both the surface 27b and the chamfered surface 27d) of the V-shaped bottom of the flange portion 26b are configured to spread in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction of the rotary tool 30, the rotary tool 30 is not displaced. While being able to rotate in a stable state, the metal around the stirring pin 33 can be uniformly plastically fluidized. At this time, a part of the metal material of the flange portions 26a and 26b becomes a burr (not shown), but this burr is removed after the friction stir welding.

  Furthermore, as in the first embodiment, the tip of the stirring pin 33 of the rotary tool 30 has a diameter slightly larger than the thickness dimension of the intermediate plate 20, and the base ends are the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20. Is formed to have a diameter smaller than the combined thickness of the third plate 13 and the fluidized portion (not shown) plastically fluidized by the rotary tool 30, the hollow shape member 10a. Since it does not spread to the inner surface and does not cover the entire plate thickness, the hollow shape member 10a is not easily deformed.

  In this embodiment, the rotational speed and moving speed of the rotary tool 30 depend on the size and shape of the stirring pin 33, the material and thickness of the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20 to be frictionally stirred. Although it is set, in many cases, it is equivalent to the case of joining the hollow members 10 and 10 linearly.

  According to such a joining method of the hollow members, even when the hollow members 10a and 10a are joined at a right angle, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, if the crossing angle of the third plate 13 with respect to the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 is adjusted, the friction stir welding can be performed at an angle other than a right angle.

[Fifth embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 5, the fifth embodiment is a joining method for joining the hollow members 10c, 10c linearly, and the hollow member 10c has reinforcing ribs 15 provided therein. In addition, engaging protrusions 16 and 16 are formed on the outer surface side of the third plate 13, and the intermediate plate 20h is engaged with the engaging protrusions 16 and 16 being inserted on the surface thereof. In this embodiment, grooves 29 and 29 are formed.

  The hollow shape member 10c includes a first plate 11, a second plate 12 substantially parallel to the first plate 11, an end portion of the first plate 11, and an end portion of the second plate 12. And a third plate 13 that is substantially orthogonal to the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. That is, the hollow member 10 has a substantially rectangular cross section, and the third plate 13 is configured to connect the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 at the ends.

  The rib 15 formed inside the hollow shape member 10 c extends obliquely downward from the intersection of the second plate 12 and the third plate 13. Specifically, one end of the rib 15 is connected to the intersection (the upper end of the third plate 13) of the second plate 12 and the third plate 13, and extends obliquely downward, and the other end is the first. It is connected to the inner surface of the plate 11. According to such a configuration, the truss structure is formed by the vicinity of the end portion of the first plate 11, the third plate 13 and the rib 15, and the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is reduced with the third plate 13. The ribs 15 can be distributed and supported, and the rigidity of the hollow shape member 10c against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 can be increased. The rib 15 extends obliquely upward from the intersection of the first plate 11 and the third plate 13 toward the inner surface of the second plate 12 and is formed on the inner surface of the second plate 12. You may form so that it may connect. However, from the viewpoint of increasing the rigidity against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30, as shown in FIG. 12, the inner surface of the first plate 11 from the intersection of the second plate 12 and the third plate 13. It is preferable to have a configuration that extends obliquely downward toward.

  Engagement ridges 16 and 16 formed on the outer surface side of the hollow shape member 10c are configured to substantially extend the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, respectively. The engaging protrusion 16 is formed so that the outer surface (the surface on the outer side in the thickness direction of the hollow shape member 10c) is flush with the outer surface of the first plate 11 (or the second plate 12). In addition, the inner side surface (the surface on the inner side in the thickness direction of the hollow shape member 10c) is formed to be inclined so as to approach the outer surface toward the front end side, and away from the third plate 13 toward the front end. It is formed so as to become thinner.

  The intermediate plate 20h is configured to protrude outward from the surface (upper surface and lower surface) of the hollow shape member 10c, and the thickness of the hollow shape member 10c (the surface of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12). The distance is longer than the distance to the surface. The grooves 29 formed in the intermediate plate 20c are formed at four locations on both side surfaces near both ends in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 12) of the intermediate plate 10c. The groove 29 has a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the engagement protrusion 16 of the hollow shape member 10c, and is configured such that the engagement protrusion 16 is closely inserted and engaged. The outer side of the groove 29 of the intermediate plate 20h constitutes a protrusion that protrudes outward from the surface of the hollow shape member 10c.

  The protrusions at both the upper and lower ends of the intermediate plate 20h are formed so that the protruding length is within the range of 0.2 to 1.0 times the thickness of the hollow member 10c. It is easy to prevent the reduction of the plate thickness and obtain the required strength. Further, the width of the protruding portion is formed to be in a range of 0.8 to 1.0 times the shoulder diameter of the rotary tool 30, and the intermediate plate is formed by the lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 of the rotary tool 30. Since the entire end face of 20h can be pressed, the flange portion 32 can be plastically fluidized by the stirring pin 33, and sound friction stir welding can be performed.

  The material of the hollow shape member 10c and the intermediate plate 20h, and the configuration of the rotary tool 30 and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  When performing friction stir welding, first, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, on the end surfaces of the pair of hollow members 10 c to be joined (only one is shown in FIG. 6), that is, on the side surface of the third plate 13. Adhesive 62 (shown in bold in FIG. 5) is applied. The adhesive 62 is applied to a position (a central portion in the height direction) where the plasticized region generated by the friction stir welding does not reach among the side surfaces of the third plate 12 (see FIG. 6 for details). Thereafter, the hollow members 10c and 10c are brought into contact with each other from both sides of the intermediate plate 20h to be brought into close contact with each other. At this time, since the engaging protrusion 16 formed on the hollow shape member 10c is inserted into the groove 29 formed on the intermediate plate 20c, positioning can be performed easily and accurately. Furthermore, since the engagement protrusion 16 and the inner surface of the groove 29 are formed to be inclined, the engagement protrusion 16 can be smoothly inserted into the groove 29. Then, the intermediate plate 20h is bonded to the hollow shape member 10c. The intermediate plate 20h may be fixed to the hollow shape member 10c by using a double-sided adhesive tape instead of the adhesive 62.

  As shown to (a) of FIG. 5, the hollow shape members 10c and 10c and the intermediate | middle plate 20h are mounted on the bed 40a substantially the same as 2nd embodiment. At this time, since the intermediate plate 20h is bonded to the hollow members 10c, 10c, it can be easily moved and installed. And the lower end part of the intermediate | middle plate 20h protruded below from the lower surface of the hollow shape member 10c is accommodated in the edge part accommodation groove | channel 44 formed on the bed 40a. The end receiving groove 44 is formed by vertically moving a linear movable portion 43 formed on the bed 40a. The depth of the end portion receiving groove 44 is determined by adjusting the amount of up and down movement of the movable portion 43, and is configured to have a size equivalent to the protruding size of the intermediate plate 20h.

  The operation of the rotary tool 30 when joining the hollow members 10c, 10c is basically the same as that of the second embodiment, and when the rotary tool 30 is lowered from directly above the joining start position. First, it contacts the upper end of the intermediate plate 20h. At this time, the upper end portion of the intermediate plate 20h around the stirring pin 33 is plastically fluidized by frictional heat, and as the stirring pin 33 descends, the surrounding hollow members 10c and 10c also plastically fluidize, Finally, the stirring pin 33 is inserted into the butt portion 21.

  At this time, the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is applied to the butting portion 21, but in the butting portion 21, the pair of third plates 13 and 13 and the intermediate plate 20 h are combined, and the hollow shape member 10 c has Since the rib 16 is formed, a sufficient thickness to withstand the pressing load is ensured. Therefore, the butt portion 21 does not buckle and deform.

  Further, since the engaging protrusion 16 formed in the hollow shape member 10c is inserted into the groove 29 formed in the intermediate plate 20c, the intermediate plate 20h is compared with the hollow shape member 10c in FIG. The movement in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 20h) is restricted. Therefore, the rigidity of the hollow shape member 10c and the intermediate plate 20h with respect to the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 can be increased, and the friction stir welding can be performed in a stable state. Further, since the hollow shape member 10c and the intermediate plate 20h are also bonded by the adhesive 62, the rigidity against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 as an integrated body of the hollow shape member 10c and the intermediate plate 20h is further increased. be able to.

  After that, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the entire stirring pin 33 enters the abutting portion 21 and the entire lower end surface 32 of the shoulder portion 31 comes into contact with the surface of the hollow shape member 10, the rotary tool 30. Is rotated relative to the joining end position along the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 20h and the third plate 13 (the front and back direction in FIG. 5). When the rotary tool 30 reaches the joining end position, the rotating tool 30 is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin 33 is detached from the joining end position. At this time, a part of the metal material protruding from the hollow shape member 10c at the upper and lower ends of the intermediate plate 20h becomes a burr (not shown), but this burr is removed after the friction stir welding.

  As described above, when the one-side friction stir welding is completed, as shown in FIG. 5C, the intermediate plate 20a and the hollow members 10c, 10c are reversed on the bed 40a. At this time, the movable part 43 of the bed 40a may be raised to make the bed 40a flat. Thereafter, the same process as described above is performed on the butted portion 21 of the hollow shape members 10c, 10c and the intermediate plate 20h, and the other surface is friction stir welded. Thus, friction stir welding is performed on the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow members 10c and 10c, and the hollow members 10c and 10c are securely fixed to each other.

  According to the present embodiment as described above, in addition to the same effects as the second embodiment, the rib 15 is formed inside the hollow shape member 10c, so that the rotary tool 30 is pressed by the hollow shape member 10c. The effect that the rigidity with respect to the load can be further increased can be obtained. Further, since the engaging protrusion 16 formed on the hollow member 10c is inserted into the groove 29 formed on the intermediate plate 20c and fixed with the adhesive 62, the hollow member against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 is obtained. The rigidity of the 10c and the intermediate plate 20h can be further increased.

  In the above-described embodiment, the engagement protrusion 16 of the hollow shape member 10c and the groove 29 of the intermediate plate 20h are formed continuously, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is formed intermittently. May be. However, it is preferable to form continuously because the hollow shape member 10c and the intermediate plate 20h can be formed without cutting with an extruded shape member.

  In addition to the present embodiment, a configuration as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, step portions 60 are respectively formed on the outer surfaces of the end portions of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 of the hollow shape members 10d, 10d, and the outer side of the groove 29 of the intermediate plate 20i is A flange portion 61 is formed extending in the thickness direction (left and right direction in FIG. 7). The length of the intermediate plate 20i in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 7) is equivalent to the intermediate plate 20h of FIG. The flange portion 61 is configured to be engaged with the step portion 60 of the hollow shape member 10d, and the surfaces are in close contact with each other.

  Other configurations and processing steps are the same as those of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG.

  According to the present embodiment, since the flange portion 61 of the intermediate plate 20i is engaged with the step portion 60 of the hollow shape member 10d, the area where the intermediate plate 20i comes into close contact with each other is increased, and the adhesive 62 is adhered. The rigidity of the hollow shape member 10c and the intermediate plate 20h against the pressing load of the rotary tool 30 before the friction stir welding can be further increased.

[Sixth embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 8, the sixth embodiment is a joining method for joining the hollow members 10, 10 linearly, and a low melting point metal between the intermediate plate 20 e and the third plate 13. In this state, the friction stir welding is performed in a state where the solder 50 is provided.

  The low-melting-point metal solder 50 is composed of one or more of zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), bismuth (Bi), and indium (In) as a main component, and further, if necessary, copper (Cu), silver It is an alloy material constituted by adding a small amount of one or more of (Ag) and aluminum (Al). More specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the low-melting-point metal solder 50 is mainly composed of one or more of zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium, and further, if necessary, of copper, silver, and aluminum. A hollow sheath 51 made of an alloy material formed by adding a small amount of one or more kinds, and alkali metal chloride and zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium chloride filled in the sheath 51. It is comprised from the mixture powder 52 (chloride flux) which mixed 2 or more types among them. According to such a configuration, the solder is melted at a low temperature of about 70 to 220 ° C., and the viscosity at the time of melting is lower than the viscosity at the time of plastic flow of the metal of the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20e. It becomes easy to move between the shape members 10, 10 and the intermediate plate 20e. Furthermore, the oxidation of the surface of the low melting point metal solder 50 can be suppressed, and the bonding strength between the hollow members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20e can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a solder accommodating groove 28 is formed on the surface of the intermediate plate 20 e, and the low melting point metal solder 50 is accommodated in the solder accommodating groove 28. The solder accommodating groove 28 is formed to extend in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 20e (the front and back direction in FIG. 8A). The solder receiving grooves 28 are formed at a total of four locations on both sides of the intermediate plate 20e in the vicinity of both ends in the height direction (within the range of plastic fluidization). The low melting point metal solder 50 is used for joining the hollow shape members 10, 10 and the intermediate plate 20e. The solder receiving groove 28 is formed in a U-shaped cross section, and the curved portion is configured with a curvature equivalent to the outer diameter of the low melting point metal solder 50. Note that the shape of the solder receiving groove 28 is not limited to a U-shaped cross section, and other shapes such as a V-shaped cross section and a rectangular cross section can be used as long as they have a predetermined cross section capable of accommodating the low melting point metal solder 50. The shape may be

  Other configurations of the hollow shape member 10, the rotary tool 30, the bed 40, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The operation of the rotary tool 30 when joining the hollow members 10 and 10 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, in the sixth embodiment, the movement of the metal around the stirring pin 33 plastically fluidized by frictional heat due to the rotation of the rotary tool 30 is different from the first embodiment, and the following effects are obtained. Is obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, when the rotary tool 30 is lowered at the joining start position and finally the agitating pin 33 is inserted into the butt portion 21, the heat of the plastic fluidized metal 21b is used. The low melting point metal solder 50 is melted in the solder receiving groove 28. At this time, since the low melting point metal solder 50 has a lower viscosity than the plastic fluidized metal 21b, the low melting point metal solder 50 moves between the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20e, so that the area of the joining portion increases. Strength is increased.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8C, the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20e are reversed, and the same process is performed on the butt portion 21 on the opposite side. As a result, it is possible to obtain an effect that the area of the joining portion is increased and the joining strength is increased.

[Seventh embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 11, the seventh embodiment is provided with an intermediate plate 20f having recesses 23 formed on both surfaces. The intermediate plate 20f has the same configuration as the intermediate plate 20e of the fifth embodiment except for the recess 23. A minute gap 23a is formed in the abutting portion 21 between the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20f by the recess 23 of the intermediate plate 20f. The thickness of the minute gap 23a is set according to the material and shape of the hollow shape members 10 and 10 and the intermediate plate 20 that are friction-stirred.

  Other configurations of the hollow shape member 10, the rotary tool 30, the bed 40, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  According to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained in addition to the operational effects similar to those of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11 (b), when the rotary tool 30 is lowered at the joining start position and finally the agitating pin 33 is inserted into the abutting portion 21, the friction between the agitating pin 33 and the abutting portion 21. The low melting point metal solder 50 is melted by heat, and the low melting point metal solder 50 moves to the minute gap 23a by a predetermined length.

  Thereafter, when the friction stir welding on one side is finished, as shown in FIG. 11C, the intermediate plate 20f and the hollow members 10, 10 are reversed on the bed 40, and the friction stir welding on the other side is performed. . At this time, the low melting point metal solder 50 moves to the minute gap 23a on the other surface. Thereby, the contact length between the low melting point metal solder 50, the third plate 13, and the intermediate plate 20f is increased, and the bonding strength between the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20f can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, the intermediate plate 20f has a recess 23 and a solder receiving groove 28 formed on the surface thereof, and has a small thickness. However, the size of the minute gap 23a is small, and the solder receiving groove 28 Since the cross-sectional area is also small, a sufficient thickness and cross-sectional area are secured for the thickness dimension of the abutting portion 21 to withstand the pressing load of the rotary tool 30. Therefore, the butt portion 21 is not easily deformed. Further, although not shown, protrusions may be provided above and below the intermediate plate 20f.

  In the present embodiment, the solder receiving groove 28 and the concave portion 23 are formed in the intermediate plate 20f. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the solder receiving groove 28 and the concave portion 23 are formed on the third plate 13 of the hollow shape member 10b. You may form in an outer surface, respectively. Even if comprised in this way, since the micro clearance gap 23a is formed between the hollow shape member 10b and the intermediate | middle plate 20, the effect similar to 7th embodiment can be acquired.

[Eighth embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 13, the eighth embodiment is a joining method for joining the hollow members 10 and 10 in a straight line. Similarly to the sixth embodiment, the intermediate plate 20g and the third plate are used. 13 is a form in which friction stir welding is performed in a state where the low melting point metal solder 50 is provided, but the fixing method of the low melting point metal solder 50 is different from that of the sixth embodiment.

  The low-melting-point metal solder 50 has the same configuration as that of the sixth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, one or more of zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium are used as a main component, and further as necessary. , A hollow sheath 51 made of an alloy material formed by adding a small amount of one or more of copper, silver, and aluminum, and alkali metal chloride, zinc, and tin filled in the sheath 51 , Mixed powder 52 (chloride flux) in which two or more kinds of chlorides of bismuth and indium are mixed.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the pair of rollers 53 and 53 sandwich the intermediate plate 20g and the low melting point metal solder 50, and rotate the rollers 53 and 53. The low melting point metal solder 50 is deformed into a flat shape and is crimped to the surface of the intermediate plate 20g. In this way, by pressing the low melting point metal solder 50 with the rollers 53, 53, it is not necessary to form a solder receiving groove in the intermediate plate as in the sixth embodiment. Can be fixed to.

  According to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained in addition to the operational effects similar to those of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13B, when the rotary tool 30 is lowered at the joining start position and finally the agitating pin 33 is inserted into the abutting portion 21, the friction between the agitating pin 33 and the abutting portion 21. The low melting point metal solder 50 is melted by heat and spreads between the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20g. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the low melting point metal solder 50 protrudes from the surface of the intermediate plate 20g and is crimped, a minute gap 23b is formed between the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20g. The low melting point metal solder 50 moves to the minute gap 23b. Thereafter, when the friction stir welding on one side is finished, as shown in FIG. 13C, the intermediate plate 20g and the hollow members 10, 10 are reversed on the bed 40, and the friction stir welding on the other side is performed. . At this time, the low melting point metal solder 50 moves to the minute gap 23b. Accordingly, the contact length between the low melting point metal solder 50, the third plate 13, and the intermediate plate 20g is increased, and the bonding strength between the third plate 13 and the intermediate plate 20g can be increased.

  Although not shown, a backing member may be provided in the inner space of the hollow shape member. The backing member is made of a metal material such as aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a copper alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, and a magnesium alloy, like the hollow shape member. The backing member is formed in a plate shape along with the third plate, and is configured to contact the inner surface of the third plate and the inner surfaces of the first plate and the second plate. . The backing member is inserted along the extrusion direction from the end in the extrusion direction of the hollow profile, and is fixed to the inner space of the hollow profile with an adhesive or the like. If such a backing member is provided, the rigidity of the butt portion against the pressing load of the rotary tool can be further increased.

  Although the best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, if an intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members, the components such as the protrusions, the minute gaps, and the low melting point metal solder in each of the above embodiments can be appropriately combined.

It is sectional drawing which showed 1st embodiment of the best for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 2nd embodiment for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. It is sectional drawing which showed 3rd embodiment of the best for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 4th embodiment for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed 5th embodiment of the best for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. It is the perspective view which showed the hollow shape material and intermediate | middle plate of 5th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed the modification of 5th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 6th embodiment for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. It is the perspective view of the intermediate | middle plate which showed the accommodation state of the low melting metal solder. It is the cross-sectional perspective view which showed the low melting metal solder. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 7th embodiment for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. It is sectional drawing which showed 8th other embodiment of the best for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed 8th embodiment of the best for implementing the joining method and joining structure of the hollow shape material which concern on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a 1st process drawing, (b) is a 2nd process. FIG. 4C is a third process diagram. (A) which showed the crimping | compression-bonding process of a low melting-point metal solder is sectional drawing, (b) is a perspective view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hollow profile 10a Hollow profile 10b Hollow profile 10c Hollow profile 10d Hollow profile 11 1st board 11a End part 12 2nd board 12a End part 13 3rd board 15 Rib 16 Engaging protrusion 20 Intermediate | middle Plate 20a Intermediate plate 20c Intermediate plate 20d Intermediate plate 20e Intermediate plate 20f Intermediate plate 20g Intermediate plate 20h Intermediate plate 20i Intermediate plate 21 Butting part 22 Projection 22a Projection 23a Micro gap 24 Flange 29 Groove 30 Rotating tool 40 Bed 40a Bed 41 Ridge receiving groove 50 low melting point metal solder 51 sheath 52 mixture powder

Claims (22)

A hollow provided with a first plate, a second plate facing the first plate, and a third plate connecting the end of the first plate and the end of the second plate In the joining method of the hollow shape member that joins the shape members,
An intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members, the hollow members are arranged apart from each other, and the hollow plate is disposed so that the third plate abuts both surfaces of the intermediate plate. Arrange the materials,
The rotating tool for friction stir welding that is rotated is pressed against the end surface of the intermediate plate, and the abutting portions of the third plates and the intermediate plate are friction stir welded. Method. A first plate, a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate, an end of the first plate, and an end of the second plate, the first plate In the method for joining hollow profiles, in which the hollow profiles comprising one plate and a third plate substantially orthogonal to the second plate are joined together,
An intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members, and the hollow members are spaced apart from each other, and the first plates are located on the same plane, and the third plate The plates are arranged with the hollow members so as to abut against both sides of the intermediate plate,
The rotating tool for friction stir welding that is rotated is pressed against the end surface of the intermediate plate, and the abutting portions of the third plates and the intermediate plate are friction stir welded. Method. A first plate, a second plate facing the first plate, a third plate connecting the end of the first plate and the end of the second plate, and A rib extending from the intersection of the first plate and the third plate to the second plate or an intersection of the second plate and the third plate extends to the first plate A hollow shape joining method for joining hollow shapes having ribs to be taken out,
An intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members, the hollow members are arranged apart from each other, and the hollow plate is disposed so that the third plate abuts both surfaces of the intermediate plate. Arrange the materials,
The rotating tool for friction stir welding that is rotated is pressed against the end surface of the intermediate plate, and the abutting portions of the third plates and the intermediate plate are friction stir welded. Method. An intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members so that the hollow members are spaced apart from each other, and the third plates abut against both surfaces of the intermediate plate, respectively, and the intermediate plate Projecting from the surface of the hollow profile connected to each other to form a ridge,
The rotating tool for friction stir welding that is rotated is pressed against the end face of the intermediate plate, and the butted portion of each third plate and the intermediate plate is friction stir welded. Item 4. The method for joining hollow profiles according to any one of Items 3 to 4. The hollow shape member includes an engaging protrusion that substantially extends the first plate and the second plate on an outer surface side of the third plate, and the intermediate plate has the surface on the surface. An engagement protrusion is inserted and a groove for engagement is provided;
In a state where the engaging protrusions are engaged with and engaged with the grooves, the hollow members are arranged so that the third plates abut against both surfaces of the intermediate plate, respectively.
The rotating tool for friction stir welding that has been rotated is pressed against the end surface of the intermediate plate, and the abutting portion between each third plate and the intermediate plate is friction stir welded. Method for joining hollow shapes. 6. The friction stir welding is performed from above in a state where the first plate of the hollow shape material butted on both surfaces of the intermediate plate is placed on a bed. The method for joining hollow shapes according to item. The hollow shape joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a minute gap is formed at a butt portion between the intermediate plate and the third plate. The hollow according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the abutting portion is friction stir welded in a state where the intermediate plate is sandwiched from both sides by the third plate of the hollow shape member. Shape joining method. The intermediate plate has flange portions at both ends in the height direction,
The hollow profile member according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the hollow profile member is friction stir welded in a state of being fitted between flange portions at both ends of the intermediate plate. Method. The thickness of the said flange part exists in the range of 0.2-1.0 times the thickness dimension of the said hollow shape material. The joining method of the hollow shape material of Claim 9 characterized by the above-mentioned. 11. The method of joining hollow profiles according to claim 9, wherein a width of the flange portion is in a range of 0.8 to 1.0 times a shoulder diameter of the rotary tool. The bed has a ridge accommodation groove capable of accommodating the ridge,
The method of joining hollow profiles according to claim 6, wherein friction stir welding is performed in a state where the protrusions are housed in the protrusion housing grooves of the bed. The hollow shape member according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the intermediate plate and the third plate are friction stir welded in a state where the intermediate plate and the third plate are bonded with a double-sided tape. Method. The hollow shape member according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the intermediate plate and the third plate are subjected to friction stir welding in a state where the intermediate plate and the third plate are bonded with an adhesive. Method. The hollow according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein friction stir welding is performed in a state in which a low melting point metal solder is provided between the intermediate plate and the third plate. Shape joining method. The intermediate plate has solder receiving grooves for receiving low melting point metal solder on both sides thereof,
The hollow shape member joining method according to claim 15, wherein friction stir welding is performed in a state where the low melting point metal solder is accommodated in the solder accommodating groove. The said low melting metal solder is arrange | positioned so that a friction stirring area may be contacted. The joining method of the hollow shape material of Claim 15 or Claim 16 characterized by the above-mentioned. The said low melting metal solder is arrange | positioned in a friction stirring area | region. The joining method of the hollow shape material of Claim 15 or Claim 16 characterized by the above-mentioned. The low-melting-point metal solder is an alloy material composed mainly of one or more of zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium. The method for joining hollow shapes described in the above. The low-melting-point metal solder includes a hollow sheath made of an alloy material mainly composed of one or more of zinc, tin, bismuth, and indium, and an alkali metal chloride filled inside the sheath, and The method for joining hollow profiles according to any one of claims 15 to 18, comprising a mixture powder obtained by mixing two or more kinds of chlorides of zinc, tin, bismuth and indium. A backing member is provided in the inner space of the hollow shape member,
The backing member is in contact with the inner side surface of the third plate and the inner side surfaces of the first plate and the second plate. 2. A method for joining hollow profiles according to item 1. A hollow provided with a first plate, a second plate facing the first plate, and a third plate connecting the end of the first plate and the end of the second plate In the joining structure of hollow shapes that join shape members,
An intermediate plate is interposed between the hollow members, the hollow members are arranged apart from each other, and the hollow plate is disposed so that the third plate abuts both surfaces of the intermediate plate. Arrange the materials,
A joining structure of hollow shapes, wherein a friction stir zone is provided at a butt portion between each of the third plates and the intermediate plate.

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