JP4956104B2 - Architectural sheet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building sheet, and more particularly to a building sheet that has radiant heat reflectivity (heat shielding property) and is moisture permeable and waterproof and can be used for a wall base material and a roof base material.

  Conventionally, sheets used for wall and roof bases have been used mainly to prevent rainwater from entering the interior from the outside of the house and to prevent corrosion of wood. Specifically, asphalt and rubber Asphalt waterproof sheets or moisture permeable waterproof sheets made of polyolefin non-woven fabrics or polyurethane films are used.

  Also, in recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving, the use of construction methods that increase airtightness, such as a thermos, has been increasing, and the aforementioned asphalt and rubber asphalt waterproof sheets have almost no moisture permeability. In addition, moisture generated in the building, such as sweat generated from the human body, moisture generated during cooking, and steam generated by combustion, such as oil stoves, is difficult to be released outside the building. Condensation occurs on each part such as the surface of the base plate, which tends to cause mold and corrosion of the structure.

  Moisture permeable waterproof sheets made of polyolefin non-woven fabrics and polyurethane films are sheets for solving these problems and are currently widely used, but the thickness of these sheets is as thin as about 0.1 to 2 mm, It was not heat-insulating, and could not be adequately adapted to energy-saving houses that advocate the recent high airtightness and high thermal insulation. Therefore, an architectural sheet in which a conventional moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is provided with heat shielding performance has been demanded and has been put on the market.

For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose an architectural sheet having a radiation heat reflectivity obtained by laminating a moisture permeable and waterproof base material and an aluminum vapor-deposited film provided with a large number of through holes or an aluminum foil and a plastic film. Yes. However, only the through-hole portion of the building sheet has moisture permeability, and there is a possibility that the moisture permeability inherent to the base material is significantly impaired. In order to supplement moisture permeability, it is necessary to increase the area of the through-hole part, but doing so may reduce the heat-shielding performance, and ensuring through-holes and maintaining excellent heat-shielding performance It is extremely difficult.
Furthermore, Patent Document 3 has heat retention / moisture permeability / waterproofness formed by applying a thermoplastic polymer or copolymer compounded liquid in which a metal fine powder dispersion is mixed to the surface of a sheet as a base material. Architectural sheet materials are disclosed. However, in this method, the fine metal powder remains on the sheet surface even after application, and the surface becomes uneven, so that the radiant heat is irregularly reflected, the heat escapes to the back side of the fine metal, and the fine powder metal particles Since the radiant heat is reflected between each other, the heat shielding property is impaired.

Japanese Patent No. 3621452 JP-A-2005-59506 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-915

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a building sheet having both heat insulation and moisture permeability and waterproof properties.

The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above problems.
That is, the present invention is (1) an architectural sheet comprising a metal film on one surface of a fabric and a film layer having moisture permeability and waterproof properties laminated on the other surface of the fabric, which constitutes the fabric the average aspect ratio of the single thread of fiber which is Ru building sheet der is 0.05 to 0.50.
( 2 ) The building sheet according to ( 1 ), wherein a synthetic resin layer made of a polyvinyl alcohol resin is laminated between the fabric and the metal film.
( 3 ) The architectural sheet according to any one of (1) to ( 2 ), wherein the metal film is formed by vapor deposition.
( 4 ) The building sheet according to any one of (1) to ( 3 ), wherein the fabric is made of a polyester-based, polyamide-based, or polyolefin-based synthetic fiber filament fiber.
( 5 ) The architectural sheet according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ), wherein the film is made of polyethylene resin.

The building sheet of the present invention is a building sheet that has heat shielding properties, moisture permeability and waterproof properties, and can be suitably used as a building material for a wall base or a roof base.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the present invention, in which 1 is a fabric layer having a metal film, 2 is a metal film, 4 is a thread constituting the fabric, 5 is a moisture-permeable waterproof film, and 6 is a reflection state of radiant heat from the outside. Is shown.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention in which a synthetic resin is disposed between a metal film and a fabric, wherein 1 is a fabric layer having a metal film, 2 is a metal film, and 3 is a synthetic resin layer. Reference numeral 4 denotes a yarn constituting the fabric, 5 denotes a moisture-permeable waterproof film, and 6 denotes a reflection state of radiant heat from the outside.

The metal film reflects radiant heat and can be applied by a metal plating method, a sputtering method, a metal vapor deposition method, or the like, but the metal vapor deposition method is preferred for economic reasons. As the metal to be used, aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, silver, chromium, and the like, which are radiant heat reflecting metals, are used. Among them, aluminum that is most excellent in radiant heat reflecting effect and economy is preferable.
A metal film having a thickness of 300 to 700 mm is preferably used. If the thickness of the metal film is less than 300 mm, the heat shielding effect by radiant heat reflection is insufficient, and if the thickness of the metal film exceeds 700 mm, it is not economically preferable and the flexibility may be impaired.

It is desirable to provide a synthetic resin layer such as polyacrylic acid type, polyurethane type, polyester type, polyamide type, polyolefin type, or epoxy type between the metal film and the fabric in order to increase the adhesion of the metal film. In particular, a polyvinyl alcohol resin containing a large amount of hydroxyl groups (OH groups) in the structure, excellent in adhesion to a metal film, and excellent in film formability and surface smoothness is preferable. This can contribute to prevention of falling off of the metal film and improvement of surface smoothness. As a method for applying the synthetic resin, a known method such as coating or printing can be used.
Furthermore, in order to prevent the metal film from peeling off or falling off, the surface of the metal film is covered with a synthetic resin such as polyurethane, polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, acrylic or epoxy, or fluorine or silicone. It is preferable to apply a water repellent such as paraffin.

The fabric used in the present invention is preferably composed of polyester-based, polyamide-based, or polyolefin-based filament fibers in order to ensure heat insulation and moisture permeability. Above all, polyester-based from the viewpoint of strength and durability. Fiber is preferably used.
Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn is a fiber having a flat shape with an average flatness ratio of 0.05 to 0.50. By using a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric using the flat yarn, unevenness on the surface of the fabric is reduced, and the required thickness of the metal film can be easily imparted uniformly. As a result, the radiant heat can be effectively reflected and an excellent heat shielding effect can be obtained. When the average flatness is less than 0.05, not only the yarn itself is very difficult to spin, but also the yarn is liable to be twisted or broken, and the handleability is extremely deteriorated. There is a risk of causing poor quality such as wrinkles. Further, if the average flatness exceeds 0.50, the ratio of the smooth surface for reflecting radiant heat may be reduced, and sufficient metal adhesion may not be obtained. As a result, the heat shielding performance may be insufficient. is there.
The average flatness of the cross section of the single filament referred to in the present invention is an average of the flatness of 10 cross sections of the yarn (represented by F) photographed with an electron microscope, and is calculated by the following formula 1.
[Formula 1]
Mean aspect ratio = ((single minor ÷ diameter of the single yarn _{F 1} of the yarn _{F 1)} + (single minor ÷ single yarn _{F 2} major diameter of the thread _{F 2)} + · · · + (single filament _{F 10} short diameter ÷ diameter of the single yarn _{F 10))} ÷ 10
The weight of the fabric is preferably 30~70g / ^{m 2.} If it is less than 30 g / m ² , the strength such as tension and tear may be insufficient for architectural use, and if it exceeds 70 g / m ² , the strength increases, but the workability may be impaired such as being hard and heavy. High price makes it difficult to use.

As the moisture permeable waterproof film, both a microporous film and a nonporous film can be used as long as moisture permeability and waterproof properties are obtained. Examples of the material for the microporous film include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyurethane, and examples of the material for the nonporous film include urethane-based thermoplastic elastomers and polyester-based thermoplastic elastomers. Among these, a microporous film using polyethylene is preferable for economic reasons.
The waterproof property of the moisture permeable waterproof film is preferably 8 to 20 kPa. If it is less than 8 kPa, the waterproof property of the product laminated with the fabric may be insufficient, and if it is more than 20 kPa, the moisture permeability may be greatly impaired.
The moisture permeability of the moisture permeable waterproof film is preferably 0.06 to 0.12 m ² · s · Pa / μg. If it is less than 0.06, the waterproof property of the product laminated with the fabric may be insufficient, and if it is greater than 0.12 m ² · s · Pa / μg, moisture permeability may be insufficient.
Moreover, as for the thickness of a moisture-permeable waterproof film, 20-60 micrometers is preferable. If it is less than 20 μm, the strength may be insufficient for construction, and if it is thicker than 60 μm, it may become hard and workability may be impaired.
Moreover, in order to protect the back surface of a moisture-permeable waterproof film, a woven fabric, a moisture-permeable film, etc. can be laminated | stacked on the exposed film surface, and film scratches and perforations can be prevented.
As a method for laminating the fabric and the moisture permeable waterproof film, a general method such as normal dry lamination, wet lamination, thermal lamination, hot melt lamination, etc. can be used, and lamination is performed so that it is difficult to peel off during construction and use. The adhesive used for lamination may be a solvent-based or emulsion-based adhesive, but is not particularly limited and is not particularly limited. Moreover, it is preferable that the adhesion area of a moisture-permeable waterproof film and a fabric at the time of lamination is 10 to 50% of the total adhesion area. If it is 10% or less, sufficient adhesion may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 50%, the breathability of the building sheet may be impaired.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and demonstrated about this invention, this invention is not necessarily limited to the Example. In addition, each physical property in an Example was measured with the following method.
(1) Heat shielding property A test machine as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared, and the outer wall (Nichiha Corp. ceramics siding board Moen Xcellade 16 Romano 16 series 15 mm thick, old in a test environment 20 ° C. × 40% RH Brick tone 3, color number EY101221) 200mm from the reflex lamp projector (manufactured by Nikko Electronics Co., Ltd.), and polystyrene foam heat insulation board (Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1 type b (50 mm thick) was laminated, and the temperature of the back surface of the sample sheet after irradiation for 50 minutes was measured. The outer wall surface temperature at that time was 60 ° C.
(2) Waterproofness It measured based on JIS A6111 2004 waterproofness test method (hydrostatic pressure method).
(3) Moisture permeability Measured based on JIS A6111 2004 moisture permeability test method (moisture permeability resistance).
(4) Metal film adhesion Using 10-year equivalent durability treatment conditions of JIS A6111 2004, the metal film after the treatment was visually checked for dropout, discoloration, etc., and evaluated as follows.
○ …… No dropout or discoloration of metal is observed.
△ …… Partial or faint of metal removal or discoloration is observed. × …… There is significant metal removal or discoloration on the entire surface [Example 1].

Polyester flat yarn using spunbond nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 55 g / m ² (average flatness of cross section of single yarn filament 0.30, 20557FLO manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) on one surface of polyvinyl alcohol resin aqueous solution with dry solid content of 5 g / m ² was applied by coating. Next, aluminum vapor deposition was performed on the other surface of the nonwoven fabric so as to have a thickness of 450 ± 50 mm. Further, a 40 μm thick polyethylene moisture permeable waterproof film (manufactured by Tokuyama Co., Ltd., moisture permeable 0.10 m ² · s · Pa / μg) is adhered to the opposite side of the aluminum deposition surface of the nonwoven fabric by the dry laminating method. Got. In addition, in the adhesion | attachment of the nonwoven fabric with respect to a moisture-permeable waterproof film, it was set as 30% of adhesion area ratios. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Example 2]

Except for changing the polyester flat yarn-use spunbond nonwoven fabric of Example 1 to a polyester flat yarn-use woven fabric with a basis weight of 55 g / m ² (plain weave, average flatness of single yarn filament cross section 0.25, yarn use 56 dt / 24f) In the same manner as in Example 1, the building sheet of the present invention was obtained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[ Comparative Example 1 ]

Except having changed into the polyester spunbond nonwoven fabric (Unitika Co., Ltd. 70557WSO) which consists of a fiber whose cross-sectional shape of the single yarn of Example 1 is a round cross section (average flatness ratio 0.90), it is the same as that of Example 1, The building sheet of the present invention was obtained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 2 ]

A building sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aluminum vapor deposition process in Example 1 was omitted. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 3 ]

Instead of the aluminum vapor deposition processing of Example 1, an aluminum fine powder dispersion of the following formulation 1 was applied by coating.
[Prescription 1]
Heimlen T-21-1 100 parts by weight (ether polyurethane resin, solid content 25%, Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
Isopropyl alcohol 15 parts by weight Toluene 15 parts by weight Aluminum paste 7130 10 parts by weight (aluminum fine powder dispersion, metal content 47%, average particle size 9 μm, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.)
This blended solution was applied to the spunbond nonwoven fabric using the polyester flat yarn of Example 1 using a knife coater and adjusted to a dry solid content of 25 g / m ² .
Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, it was bonded to a moisture permeable waterproof film to obtain a building sheet. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 4 ]

Instead of the polyester spunbond nonwoven fabric subjected to the aluminum vapor deposition of Example 1, an aluminum vapor-deposited polyester film (12 μm thick film, vapor deposition thickness of 500 mm, Dialer HE 12 μm manufactured by Reiko Co., Ltd.) was used. This aluminum vapor-deposited polyester film was drilled with a needle cloth roll to make holes with a hole diameter of 0.05 mmφ and a number of holes of 300,000 / m ² , and then adhered to a moisture-permeable waterproof film in the same manner as in Example 1. A sheet was obtained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

It is an example of schematic sectional drawing of the sheet | seat for construction of this invention. It is an example of a schematic sectional view showing another mode of a building sheet of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the testing machine for thermal-insulation evaluation of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cloth part which has metal film 2 Metal film 3 Synthetic resin 4 Yarn which comprises cloth 5 Moisture permeable waterproof film 6 Reflection state of radiant heat 7 Ref lamp projector 8 Ceramics system siding outer wall 9 Polystyrene foam heat insulation board 10 Temperature sensor 11 Sample (architecture) Sheet)

Claims (5)

An architectural sheet comprising a metal film on one side of a fabric and a film layer having moisture permeability and waterproof properties laminated on the other side of the fabric, the average flatness of the single yarn of the fibers constituting the fabric Is an architectural sheet having a thickness of 0.05 to 0.50. Fabric and building sheet of claim 1, wherein comprising a polyvinyl alcohol resin synthetic resin layer is laminated between the metal film. Building sheet of claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal film is characterized in that it is formed by vapor deposition. Fabric polyester, building sheet of claim 1 to 3, wherein the made of synthetic fiber filaments fibers polyamide or polyolefin. Building sheet of claim 1 to 4, wherein the film is characterized by comprising a polyethylene resin.

Images