JP4953419B2 - Machine element joining method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine element joining method assuming bolts and nuts.

  Friction stir welding is a technique for joining members to be joined together without melting them (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this technique, a welding tool is pressed against a workpiece to which the members to be joined are stacked while being rotated, and the material softened by frictional heat and plastic flow is stirred and assimilated.

Next, the part to which the material is assimilated is cured by separating the joining tool from the object to be joined, and the members to be joined are joined to each other.
JP 2004-136365 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, there is no proposal for joining members having different materials, and it is not possible to join a mechanical element such as a bolt or a nut made of carbon steel to a target member made of an aluminum alloy.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to enable a mechanical element to be firmly joined to a target member.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a pedestal having a machine element protruding from one end and a joint hole formed at the other end is disposed so that the joint hole forming end faces the surface of the target member to which the machine element is to be attached. Next, while rotating the welding tool, it is pressed against the joint hole corresponding part on the back surface of the target member, and the material of the target member softened by frictional heat and plastic flow is pushed into the joint hole of the base while stirring with the welding tool. The welding tool is pulled away from the target member, and the plastic deformation site of the target member that has entered the bonding hole is cured.

  Alternatively, a pedestal in which the machine element protrudes from one surface and a plurality of joint holes are formed on the other surface is arranged so that the joint hole forming end faces the surface of the target member to which the machine element is to be attached, While rotating the welding tool, press against the corresponding part on the back of the target member, and push the material of the target member softened by frictional heat and plastic flow into the joint hole of the base while stirring with the welding tool. Is separated from the target member, and the plastic deformation site of the target member that has entered the joint hole is cured.

In addition, a pedestal in which a machine element protrudes from one surface and a joint hole extending in one direction along the surface is formed on the other surface, and a joint hole forming end faces a surface of a target member to which the machine element is to be attached. Next, while rotating the welding tool, press in turn against the corresponding hole on the back of the target member, and push the material of the target member softened by frictional heat and plastic flow into the hole on the base while stirring with the welding tool. Thereafter, the joining tool is pulled away from the target member, and the plastic deformation site of the target member entering the joining hole is cured.

  In other words, a machine that protrudes from the pedestal by mutual fitting between the joint hole of the pedestal and the plastic deformation portion of the target member that has entered and hardened, and further, intermolecular bonding of the material of the pedestal and the material of the target member The element is joined to the target member.

  In addition, a groove extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the inner side wall of the joint hole of the base, and the material of the target member softened by pressing the joining tool is inserted into the groove.

  Thereby, the joining hole of a base and the plastic deformation part of an object member are engaged mechanically.

  According to the mechanical element joining method of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

  (1) Since the material of the target member softened by rotation and pressing of the joining tool is pushed into the joint hole of the base and hardened, the joint hole can be used even if the material of the machine element and the base and the target member is different. The mechanical element can be firmly joined to the target member together with the pedestal by fitting between the base member and the plastic deformation portion of the target member, and further by intermolecular joining of the base material and the target member material.

  (2) When a groove extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the inner side wall of the joint hole of the pedestal, the material of the target member softened by pressing the joining tool enters the groove, and the entire circumference of the inner side wall of the joint hole of the pedestal Since the plastically deformed portion of the target member is mechanically engaged, the pedestal and the target member are more firmly joined.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a first example of a machine element joining method according to the present invention. A target member 2 to which a bolt 1 is to be attached is a panel made of an aluminum alloy.

  The bolt 1 protrudes from one end of a flat pedestal 3, which is an integral part made of carbon steel. At the other end of the pedestal 3, a joint hole 4 having a thread groove formed on the inner wall is provided. It is shaped coaxially with 1.

  In addition, a backing member 6 having a storage hole 5 into which the bolt 1 enters downward, and a tool body 7 for plastically deforming the target member 2 are prepared as tools.

  The backing member 6 is provided with a stopper 8 that restrains the rotation of the base 3 around the bolt 1.

  The tool body 7 includes a columnar shoulder portion 9 and a short columnar pin portion 10 that is coaxially connected to the shoulder portion 9, and is made of a cemented carbide having wear resistance and high hardness. .

  The outer diameter d1 of the pin portion 10 is set so as to be able to enter the inner diameter d2 of the joint hole 4 of the base 3 with a margin, and the axial length L1 of the pin portion 10 is the thickness t1 of the target member 2. And slightly shorter than the sum of the axial depths L2 of the joining holes 4.

  When joining the bolt 1 to the target member 2, as shown in FIG. 1A, one end of the pedestal 3 is placed on the backing member 6 so that the bolt 1 enters the accommodation hole 5 and faces the joining hole 4. The surface of the target member 2 is placed on the other end of the base 3.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), while rotating the tool body 7 from above, the tool body 7 is pressed against the portion corresponding to the joint hole 4 on the back surface of the target member 2, and the target member 2 around the pin portion 10 is subjected to frictional heat. Stirring is performed by plastic flow to soften, and the pin portion 10 is inserted into the target member 2 until the end surface 9a of the shoulder portion 9 abuts against the back surface of the target member 2 as shown in FIG.

  Thereby, the material derived from the target member 2 is filled in every corner of the joint hole 4 of the base 3 including the screw groove.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the tool body 7 is pulled away from the target member 2, the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2 is hardened, and the target member 2 and the carbon steel made of aluminum alloy are used as the material. The integrated bolt 1 and pedestal 3 are joined together.

  That is, since the material derived from the target member 2 spreads inward in the joint hole 4 and hardens, the fitting between the joint hole 4 and the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2, and further, the material of the base 3 and the target member 2 The bolt 1 integral with the pedestal 3 can be firmly bonded to the target member 2 by intermolecular bonding of materials.

  The outer diameter d1 of the pin 10 of the tool body 7 is 6.5 mm, the axial length L1 is 5.4 mm, the inner diameter d2 of the joint hole 4 of the base 3 is 12 mm (the nominal diameter of the screw hole is M12), and the axial depth When joining was performed under the conditions that L2 was 6 mm, the thickness t1 of the target member 2 was 6 mm, and the nominal diameter of the bolt 1 was M8, the torque strength between the bolt 1 and the base 3 and the target member 2 was 45 N · m. It was.

  As a matter of course, the position of the bolt 1 with respect to the joint hole 4 of the base 3 may not be coaxial.

  FIG. 2 shows a second example of the mechanical element joining method according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same parts.

  In this example, as an integral part made of carbon steel, a shaft 11 that can enter downward into the accommodation hole 5 of the backing member 6 is projected from one end of the pedestal 3 so as to be coaxial with the joint hole 4. 1, when the target member 2 is plastically deformed by the same procedure as in the example shown in FIG. 1, the joint hole 4 and the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2 are fitted to each other, and further, the material of the base 3 and the material of the target member 2 The shaft 11 integral with the pedestal 3 can be firmly bonded to the target member 2 by intermolecular bonding.

  The shaft 11 is provided with a hole 11a for inserting a split pin or the like in the radial direction.

  As a matter of course, the position of the shaft 11 with respect to the joint hole 4 of the base 3 may not be coaxial.

  FIG. 3 shows a third example of the mechanical element joining method according to the present invention. In the figure, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 represent the same items.

  In this example, as an integral part made of carbon steel, a nut portion 12 in which a screw hole is formed is projected from one end of the base 3 so as to be positioned coaxially with the joint hole 4. A backing member 14 having a storage hole 13 into which 12 enters downward, and the above-described tool body 7 are prepared as tools.

  The backing member 14 is provided with a stopper 8 that restrains the rotation of the pedestal 3 about the nut portion 12. When the target member 2 is plastically deformed by the same procedure as in the example shown in FIG. 4 and the plastic deformation part of the target member 2 are fitted, and further, the nut portion 12 integrated with the base 3 is firmly joined to the target member 2 by intermolecular bonding of the material of the base 3 and the material of the target member 2. it can.

  As a matter of course, the position of the nut portion 12 with respect to the joint hole 4 of the base 3 may not be coaxial.

  FIG. 4 shows a fourth example of the mechanical element joining method according to the present invention. In the figure, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 represent the same items.

  In this example, when the base 3 integrated with the bolt 1 is joined to the target member 2, a tool main body 15 composed only of the backing member 6 and the shoulder portion 9 is prepared as a tool, and the example shown in FIG. Similarly, one end of the base 3 is placed on the backing member 6 so that the bolt 1 enters the storage hole 5, and the surface of the target member 2 is placed on the other end of the base 3 so as to face the joint hole 4.

  Next, while rotating the tool body 15 from above, it is pressed against the portion corresponding to the joining hole 4 on the back surface of the target member 2, and the target member 2 with which the shoulder portion 9 is in contact is agitated and softened by frictional heat and plastic flow, The end surface 9 a of the shoulder portion 9 is recessed into the target member 2.

  Thereafter, when the tool main body 15 is separated from the target member 2 and the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2 is cured, the joint hole 4 and the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2 are fitted to each other. The bolt 1 integral with the pedestal 3 can be firmly bonded to the target member 2 by intermolecular bonding of the material of the target member 2.

  The outer diameter d3 of the shoulder portion 9 of the tool body 15 is 25 mm, the inner diameter d2 of the joint hole 4 of the base 3 is 12 mm (the nominal diameter of the screw hole is M12), the axial depth L2 is 6 mm, and the thickness t1 of the target member 2 is When joining is performed under the same conditions as in the example of FIG. 1 except that the tool body 15 is 6 mm and the nominal diameter of the bolt 1 is M8, the torque strength of the bolt 1 and the base 3 and the target member 2 is 50 N · m. (The plastic deformation site of the target member 2 fitted in the joint hole 4 of the base 3 was broken).

  FIG. 5 shows a fifth example of the mechanical element joining method according to the present invention. In the figure, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 represent the same items.

  In this example, a plurality of bolts 1 protrude from one surface of an elongated pedestal 16, which is an integral part made of carbon steel, and a joint hole 4 is provided on each bolt 1 on the other surface of the pedestal 16. Coaxially shaped to correspond.

  In addition to this, a tool body 15 constituted only by a backing member 17 having a storage hole 5 into which the bolt 1 enters downward and a shoulder portion 9 is prepared as a tool.

  A predetermined range of one surface of the pedestal 16 is placed on the backing member 17 so that the predetermined bolt 1 enters the storage hole 5, and the surface of the target member 2 is placed over the other surface of the pedestal 16.

  Next, the tool body 15 is rotated from above the backing member 17 while being pressed against a portion corresponding to the joining hole 4 on the back surface of the target member 2, and the target member 2 with which the shoulder portion 9 is in contact is agitated by frictional heat and plastic flow. And softening the end surface 9a of the shoulder portion 9 into the target member 2, and then pulling the tool body 15 away from the target member 2 to harden the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2. It is applied to the joint hole 4.

  Thereby, the joint hole 4 and the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2 are fitted together, and further, a plurality of bolts 1 integrated with the base 16 are targeted by intermolecular bonding of the material of the base 16 and the material of the target member 2. The member 2 can be firmly joined.

  As a matter of course, the position of the bolt 1 with respect to the joint hole 4 of the base 16 may not be coaxial.

  FIG. 6 shows a sixth example of the mechanical element joining method according to the present invention. In the figure, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 5 represent the same items.

In this example, a plurality of bolts 1 protrude from one surface of an elongated pedestal 18, which is an integral part made of carbon steel, and the other surface of the pedestal 18 has a direction (a plurality of directions) along the surface. The planar shape extending in the direction in which the bolts 1 are arranged is elongated, that is, the joint hole 19 is formed.

  The width of the joining hole 19 is set to be slightly larger than the outer diameter d1 of the pin portion 10 of the tool body 7.

  When joining the pedestal 18 to the target member 2, a predetermined range of one surface of the pedestal 18 is placed on the backing member 17 so that the predetermined bolt 1 enters the storage hole 5, and is placed on the other surface of the pedestal 18. The target member 2 is placed and the joint hole 19 is covered over the entire length.

  Next, while rotating the tool body 7 from above the backing member 17, it is pressed against the portion corresponding to the joint hole 19 on the back surface of the target member 2, and the target member 2 around the pin portion 10 is agitated by frictional heat and plastic flow. Until the end surface 9a of the shoulder portion 9 abuts against the back surface of the target member 2, the pin portion 10 is fitted into the target member 2, and then the tool body 7 is pulled away from the target member 2, and the target member 2 The step of curing the plastic deformation site is repeated.

  Thereby, the bolt 1 integral with the pedestal 18 is connected to the target member 2 by fitting between the joint hole 19 and the plastic deformation portion of the target member 2, and further by intermolecular joining of the material of the pedestal 18 and the material of the target member 2. Can be joined firmly.

  Note that the mechanical element joining method of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  The mechanical element joining method of the present invention can be applied to various parts assembling processes.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the construction procedure of the 1st example of the machine element joining method of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the construction completion state of the 2nd example of the machine element joining method of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the construction completion state of the 3rd example of the machine element joining method of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the construction completion state of the 4th example of the machine element joining method of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the construction in-progress state of the 5th example of the machine element joining method of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the construction in-progress state of the 6th example of the machine element joining method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 bolt (machine element)
2 Target member 3 Base 4 Joining hole 7 Tool body (joining tool)
11 Shaft (machine element)
12 Nut (machine element)
15 Tool body (joining tool)
16 Pedestal 18 Pedestal 19 Joint hole

Claims (6)

  Place the base on which the machine element protrudes from one end and the joining hole is formed on the other end so that the joining hole forming end faces the surface of the target member to which the machine element is to be attached, and then rotate the joining tool Press the material of the target member softened by frictional heat and plastic flow into the joint hole on the pedestal while agitating with the welding tool, and then pull the welding tool away from the target member. A mechanical element joining method, comprising: curing a plastic deformation portion of a target member that has entered.   A pedestal in which a machine element protrudes from one surface and a plurality of joint holes are formed on the other surface is arranged so that a joint hole forming end faces a surface of a target member to which a machine element is to be attached, and then a joining tool , While pressing the material of the target member softened by frictional heat and plastic flow into the joint hole of the pedestal while stirring with the welding tool, and then target the welding tool A mechanical element joining method characterized by curing a plastic deformation portion of a target member that is separated from a member and enters a joining hole. A pedestal in which a machine element protrudes from one surface and a joint hole extending in one direction along the other surface is formed on the other surface so that the joint hole forming end faces the surface of the target member to which the machine element is to be attached. Then, while rotating the welding tool, press against the joint hole corresponding part on the back of the target member in order, and push the material of the target member softened by frictional heat and plastic flow into the joint hole on the base while stirring with the welding tool. Thereafter, the joining tool is pulled away from the target member, and the plastic deformation portion of the target member that has entered the joining hole is cured.   The machine element joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a groove extending in the circumferential direction is formed in an inner wall of the joint hole of the base, and the material of the target member softened by pressing of the joining tool is inserted into the groove. Method.   The mechanical element joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the softened material of the target member is pushed into the joining hole by using a joining tool having a tip end surface smaller than the planar shape of the joining hole of the base. .   The mechanical element joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the softened material of the target member is pushed into the joining hole by using a joining tool having a tip end surface larger than the planar shape of the joining hole of the base. .

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