JP4948130B2 - Illuminated heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heater with illumination in which a heating element mainly composed of carbon and a light emitter for illumination are provided in the same envelope.

  Conventionally, nichrome wire or the like has been used as a heater for heating equipment, but the infrared wavelength mainly emitted from the red-hot nichrome wire is the peak wavelength of the infrared absorption wavelength of water (hereinafter, “ "Infrared maximum absorption wavelength") Because it is greatly shifted to the shorter wavelength side than (3.2μm), it is difficult to be absorbed by the human body and the heating effect is low, so even if it is used, the feeling of warming is poor There was a problem. In view of this, recently, a new heating element made of carbon fiber (hereinafter referred to as “carbon fiber heating element”) has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  According to the heater using the carbon fiber heating element, it is possible to mainly radiate infrared light having a wavelength in the vicinity of the infrared maximum absorption wavelength of water from the surface of the carbon fiber heating element by energization. It is said that it can be warmed more efficiently than Nichrome wire heater because it is expensive.

  The reason is that, as described above, water has an infrared absorption region that best absorbs infrared rays having a wavelength of 3.2 μm (see the broken line graph in FIG. 20), while the human body has a volume of about 60 μm. % Is composed of water, so that it is considered that if infrared rays having a wavelength in the vicinity of 3.2 μm are mainly emitted, the infrared rays are effectively absorbed to increase the body temperature.

In other words, if the infrared ray emitted from the surface of the carbon fiber heating element is an infrared ray having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by moisture (that is, an infrared ray having a wavelength in the vicinity of 3.2 μm), it is easily absorbed by a person who is warming up. A very effective heater can be provided.
JP 2002-170653 A

  Well, since ancient times, humans have been warming with fire, so if you see warm colors such as red and orange, you will feel warm. In other words, the color that makes you feel the warmth has a great influence on the temperature of the person who is warm, and this is well known from experience. Furthermore, from the ancient custom, the color of the heat source such as a heater presupposes or is fixed as a color that humans feel warm, that is, emits (or should be) warm-colored light such as red or orange. The idea has been formed, and as mentioned above, no matter how easy it is to be absorbed by moisture, the heat source does not emit a warm color light visually, even if it actually hits the body with a high heating effect or heating effect In such a case, it is difficult to feel the warmth visually, and as a result, there has been a problem that “the warmth is not felt” or “unsatisfactory”.

  The carbon fiber heating element in question can radiate infrared rays having a wavelength in the vicinity of 3.2 μm, which is well absorbed by moisture during energization, by mainly controlling the amount of energization from the surface of the carbon fiber heating element (solid line in FIG. 20). (See graph A). In this case, the surface of the carbon fiber heating element remains in a black state (dark red = charcoal) and does not become red hot, and does not emit warm color light. Then, although the actual warming effect and heating effect by infrared rays are high, the visual warming effect and heating effect cannot be obtained (in other words, giving the false impression that it does not seem to be warm in appearance) ), The user's support is not collected (in other words, the heater cannot be sold).

  In addition, if the amount of electricity supplied to the carbon fiber heating element is increased to red heat, the carbon fiber heating element itself glows red and warm color light is emitted, so it is not possible to obtain a visual warming effect or heating effect. However, in this case, infrared light emitted from the surface of the carbon fiber heating element has a peak wavelength greatly shifted to a shorter wavelength side than 3.2 μm (see solid line graph B in FIG. 20). The deviation from the graph of the infrared absorption wavelength increases, and the actual warming effect and heating effect itself due to infrared radiation decrease.

  The carbon fiber heating element is formed by cutting a felt-like carbon fiber body into a rod shape, but the density of the felt-like carbon fiber body is not uniform. Therefore, the resistance value of the rod-shaped carbon fiber heating element obtained by cutting is greatly varied due to individual differences, and the infrared wavelength generated due to variations in the heater temperature when energized due to the cause is not constant, and the quality of the heater is also low. There was also a problem that could not be secured. Such a problem is seen also in the cooking appliance using a carbon fiber body.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems. First, by providing a light-emitting body for illumination, first, the visual heating effect and heating effect by infrared radiation are not sacrificed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an illuminated heater that can add a warming effect and secondly can easily adjust its own resistance value.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, "the envelope 12 having a non-oxidizing storage space 12c inside and having an airtight seal portion 12b at the end, and stored in the storage space 12c, A carbon heating element 14 that mainly emits infrared light having a wavelength that is easily absorbed, a light emitting element 16 that is stored in the storage space 12c and emits warm-colored light when energized, and has one end that passes through an airtight seal. And the power supply member 18 that protrudes outside the heater 12 and has the other end connected to the carbon heating element 14 and the end of the light emitting body 16, respectively , and the light emitting body 16 surrounds the carbon heating element 14. In addition, the heater 10 with illumination is characterized in that the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 are disposed in a non-contact manner with a space therebetween .

  In the present invention, when the heater 10 with illumination is energized, the carbon heating element 14 mainly emits infrared light having a wavelength that is most easily absorbed by the human body, and the light emitter 16 emits warm color light. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a visual warming effect without sacrificing the heating effect by infrared rays.

  In addition, since the resistance value of the heater 10 is determined by the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16, even when a felt-like carbon fiber heating element having a non-uniform density is used as the carbon heating element 14. By adjusting the resistance value of the light emitter 16, the resistance value of the entire heater 10 can be easily adjusted to a desired value.

The invention according to claim 2 is an illuminated heater 10 characterized in that “the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 are arranged in a non-contact manner via an insulating tube 30 capable of transmitting infrared rays ”. .

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that "the carbon heating element 14 is for heating mainly radiating infrared rays having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by moisture, and the luminous body 16 is for warm color light emission". To do.

Invention of Claim 4 is related with the heater 10 with an illumination in any one of Claim 1 to 3, "The infrared rays radiated | emitted from the carbon heating element 14 at the time of electricity supply are 2.5 micrometers-3.6 micrometers. It has a peak wavelength in the region ".

  According to the present invention, at the time of energization of the heater 10 with illumination, the carbon heating element 14 emits mainly infrared rays having a wavelength that is most easily absorbed by the human body containing a large amount of moisture and the food to be cooked. Moreover, since warm-colored light is emitted from the light emitter 16, a visual warming effect and heating effect can be obtained simultaneously without sacrificing the actual warming effect and heating effect of infrared rays.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail according to illustrated embodiments. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, an illuminated heater (hereinafter simply referred to as “heater”) 10 (10a) of the first embodiment to which the present invention is applied includes an envelope 12, a carbon heating element 14, and the like. The light emitter 16 and the power supply member 18 are roughly configured. FIG. 1 shows a front view of a heater 10a according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the heater 10a. FIG. 3 shows a bottom view of the heater 10a. FIG. 4 shows a left side view of the heater 10a. FIG. 5 shows a plan view center line cross-sectional view of the heater 10a. FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the center line of the front view of the heater 10a.

  The envelope 12 is a cylindrical shape made of quartz glass or the like (in the case of the figure, it is a cross-sectional oval type, but as shown in FIGS. In which the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 are individually stored, and the carbon of the carbon heating element 14 does not adhere to the light emitting body 16). Sealing portions 12b are formed at both ends of the housing 12 by a contraction method or a pinching method, whereby a sealed storage space 12c is formed inside the envelope 12. The storage space 12c is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas to obtain a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitter 16 are stored (of course, the storage space). A non-oxidizing atmosphere may be obtained by evacuating the inside of 12c).

  In this embodiment, the carbon heating element 14 is a rod-like member obtained by cutting a fiber aggregate material such as a nonwoven fabric, mat-like material or woven fabric mainly composed of carbon fibers, and this end portion has an outer surface. An internal lead rod 20 described later is connected. The carbon heating element 14 is not limited to a material made of a nonwoven fabric or the like mainly composed of carbon fibers, and a hard carbon rod can be used.

  The type of carbon fiber constituting the carbon heating element 14 made of a nonwoven fabric or the like mainly composed of carbon fiber is not particularly limited. For example, natural fiber carbon fiber (natural fiber such as cotton is used as a raw material) Polyacrylic carbon fiber, cellulose carbon fiber, phenolic carbon fiber, furan carbon fiber, pitch carbon fiber (anisotropic pitch or isotropic pitch, etc.), polyvinyl alcohol carbon fiber, etc. be able to. It is also possible to use glassy carbon fibers (polycarbodiimide-based carbon fibers, etc.), graphitic carbon, amorphous carbon, carbon having these intermediate crystal structures, activated carbon fibers, etc. It is also possible to use it.

  The fiber diameter of the carbon fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 5 to 20 μm, more preferably about 7 to 15 μm from the viewpoint of effectively exhibiting the infrared radiation function.

  Note that the length and thickness of the carbon heating element 14 (that is, the resistance value of the carbon heating element 14 as a whole) is such that the amount of current flowing through the carbon heating element 14 when energized is from the surface of the carbon heating element 14 to the human body or cooking target. The amount of current is appropriately set so as to be able to mainly emit infrared rays having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by water contained in a large amount of food.

  Here, the “infrared ray having a wavelength that water easily absorbs” means an infrared ray in a wavelength region in which the infrared absorption rate of water is 50% or more. Specifically, an infrared ray having a wavelength of 2.5 μm to 3.6 μm. (See the broken line graph in FIG. 20).

  Note that infrared rays of various wavelengths are emitted from the surface of the carbon heating element 14 when energized, and the spectral intensity has a normal distribution as shown by the solid line graph in FIG. Accordingly, if the peak wavelength of infrared rays emitted from the surface of the carbon heating element 14 is in a range where the infrared absorption rate of water is 50% or more (within a wavelength range of 2.5 μm to 3.6 μm), “water is absorbed. It can be said that “infrared rays having a wavelength that is easy to be emitted” are mainly emitted, and more specifically, the peak wavelength of infrared rays emitted from the surface of the carbon heating element 14 coincides with the infrared maximum absorption wavelength of water of 3.2 μm. Sometimes, “the infrared ray having a wavelength that moisture easily absorbs” is emitted in the largest amount.

  The light emitter 16 is provided to obtain a visual warming effect and a heating effect. For example, a filament formed by spirally winding a thin wire made of a metal such as tungsten is used. In this embodiment, the light emitter 16 is disposed along the carbon fiber heating element 14.

  The material of the light emitter 16 is not limited to tungsten as long as it emits warm-colored light when energized in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. For example, a known material such as molybdenum or nichrome can be used. It is. The warm color light means visible light such as red or orange, and is expressed in a color temperature range of about 1500 to 2000K.

  When the light emitter 16 is a filament, the resistance value can be appropriately adjusted by changing the wire diameter or the number of turns. The resistance value of the light emitter 16 is adjusted as described later so that infrared light having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by moisture from the carbon heating element 14 is mainly emitted when the heater 10a is energized.

  The power supply member 18 is for supplying power to the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitter 16. In this embodiment, the power supply member 18 includes an internal lead bar 20, an external lead bar 22, and a metal foil 24 made of a metal such as molybdenum. It is configured. In the case of FIG. 1 embodiment, the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 are arranged in parallel, and the power supply member 18 for the carbon heating element 14 and the power supply member for the light emitting body 16 are provided in both sealing portions 12b. 18 is buried in parallel.

  The internal lead rod 20 is a thin wire rod made of a metal such as tungsten or molybdenum, and one end thereof is embedded in the sealing portion 12b of the envelope 12, and the embedded portion is welded to the metal foil 24, respectively. The other end portion is connected to the end portions of the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16, respectively. In the case where the light emitter 16 is a filament, the end portion thereof can be pulled out to be used as the internal lead rod 20.

  The external lead rod 22 is a thin wire made of a metal such as molybdenum, for example, and has one end projecting outside the envelope 12 and the other end embedded in the sealing portion 12 b of the envelope 12. The embedded portion is welded to the metal foil 24 at a portion opposite to the welded portion of the internal lead bar 20. In this way, the internal lead bar 20 and the external lead bar 22 are electrically connected via the metal foil 24 embedded in the sealing portion 12b of the envelope 12.

  In order to form the heater 10a according to the first embodiment, first, the end portion of the internal lead bar 20 and the end portion of the external lead bar 22 are respectively welded to both ends of the metal foil 24 to form the power supply member 18. Next, the end of the inner lead bar 20 is wound around the outer surface of the end of the carbon heating element 14 to connect the carbon heating element 14 and the inner lead bar 20. Similarly, the end portion on the free end side of the internal lead bar 20 is electrically connected to the end portion or the lead-out portion of the light emitter 16 by welding or caulking. This work is done at both ends. When the light emitter 16 and the internal lead bar 20 are integrally formed, the connection work between the light emitter 16 and the internal lead bar 20 is not necessary.

  Next, the carbon heater 14 and the power supply member 18 and the light emitter 16 and the power supply member 18 are respectively placed inside a cylindrical envelope member (not shown) before sealing. In addition, the pair of metal foils 24 are arranged at predetermined positions on the end of the envelope member, and both ends of the envelope member are sealed by a known shrinkage method or pinching method.

  When the end of the envelope member is sealed, a storage space 12c is formed in the inside. At this time, for example, a chip tube (not shown) is used to evacuate the inside. Alternatively, the atmosphere in the storage space 12c is changed to a non-oxidizing atmosphere by a known method such as replacement with an inert gas, and the heater 10a is completed.

  Since the resistance value of the carbon heating element 14 does not show a constant value as described above, the resistance value of each individual carbon heating element 14 is measured in advance and is paired with the carbon heating element 14. By adjusting the resistance value of the illuminant 16 so as to mainly radiate infrared rays having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by water when energized, in other words, the peak wavelength of infrared rays emitted from the surface of the carbon heating element 14 when energized. In order to be in the range of 2.5 to 3.6 μm, which is in the range where the infrared absorption rate of water is 50% or more (more preferably, the peak wavelength is 3.2 μm which is the infrared maximum absorption wavelength of water And adjust the color temperature of the surface of the carbon heating element 14 while measuring.

  In the case where the light emitter 16 is a filament, the adjustment is performed by adjusting the number of turns and the wire diameter. By doing so, the carbon heating element 14 and light having a wavelength different from that emitted by the carbon heating element 14, more specifically, warm-colored light (visible light) having a wavelength shorter than the above wavelength. ) That radiates the heater 10a enclosed in the storage space 12c of the same envelope body 12a.

  When the heater 10a is used, as shown in FIG. 9, the projecting end portion (external lead bar 22) of the power supply member 18 is connected to the power source X (the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 are as described above. Connected in parallel.) As the power source X, either an AC type or a DC type can be used, but an AC type is used here. When the switch of the power source X is turned on, the current from the power source X is supplied to the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 through each power supply member 18.

  When a current is supplied to the heater 10a, a part of the supplied current flows into the carbon heating element 14, the carbon heating element 14 sandwiched between the power supply members 18 generates heat, and infrared rays are emitted from the surface. At this time, since the current flowing through the carbon heating element 14 is adjusted by the light emitter 16 as described above, the carbon heating element 14 is mainly radiated with infrared rays having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by water from the surface. Current flows in. The remaining current flows into the light emitter 16 and causes the light emitter 16 to emit light.

  In addition, the surface of the carbon heating element 14 when the infrared ray having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by water is radiated is in a black state (dark brown = charcoal), and warm color light is not emitted ( That is, the carbon heating element 14 cannot obtain a visual warming effect or heating effect).

  On the other hand, when a current is supplied to the light emitter 16, the light emitter 16 emits light as a whole and is irradiated with warm-colored light (that is, a visual warming effect and a heating effect can be obtained). Becomes).

  According to the first embodiment, the carbon heating element 14 can mainly emit infrared rays having a wavelength that is most easily absorbed by the human body, and the luminous body 16 can emit warm-colored visible light. Therefore, the visual warming effect and heating effect can be satisfied without sacrificing the actual warming effect and heating effect.

  In addition, in the case where the light emitter 16 is a filament, the resistance value can be adjusted by appropriately changing the wire diameter and the number of turns as described above, and therefore the felt-like carbon heating element 14 having a non-uniform density is used. Regardless, the resistance value of the entire heater 10a can be easily designed.

  In Example 1 described above, the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 are arranged in parallel. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, the light emitting body 16 surrounds the carbon heating element 14. In the second embodiment, the same function and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. FIG. 10 shows a front view of the heater 10 (10b) according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the heater 10b. FIG. 12 shows a bottom view of the heater 10b. FIG. 13 shows a left side view of the heater 10b. FIG. 14 shows a plan view center line cross-sectional view of the heater 10b.

  10 to 14, the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitter 16 are arranged in a non-contact manner with a space therebetween. However, as shown in FIG. 15, the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitter 16 are insulated. You may make it arrange | position through the cylinder 30 non-contactingly. In this case, if the infrared ray radiated from the carbon heating element 14 is shielded by the insulating cylinder 30, the actual warming effect or heating effect is diminished, which is not preferable. Therefore, as the material constituting the insulating cylinder 30, for example, a material that transmits infrared rays such as quartz glass is used.

  In each of the heaters 10 (10a to 10b) of Examples 1 and 2 described above, the carbon heating element 14 and the light emitting body 16 were connected in parallel when connected to the power source X. However, both members may be connected in series. Good (Example 3). Further, the number of the carbon heating elements 14 and the light emitting bodies 16 can be appropriately changed as long as the number is 1 or more.

  For example, the heater 10 (10c) shown in FIGS. 16 to 19 is an example in which a plurality (three in this embodiment) of carbon heating elements 14 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of light emitters 16 are connected in series. It is. FIG. 16 shows a front view of the heater 10c. FIG. 17 shows a plan view of the heater 10c. FIG. 18 shows a left side view of the heater 10c. FIG. 19 shows a plan view center line cross-sectional view of the heater 10c.

  In the heater 10c of the third embodiment, the three carbon heating elements 14 and the two light emitters 16 are alternately arranged in a straight line in the storage space 12c of the envelope 12. And the edge part of the light-emitting body 16 is wound around the edge part of the carbon heat generating body 14, and, thereby, the adjacent carbon fiber heat generating body 14 and the light-emitting body 16 will be electrically connected. Note that the end of the carbon heating element 14 disposed on both sides is wound around the end of the power supply member 18 (more specifically, the internal lead bar 20). The member 18 is electrically connected. Also in this case, the resistance value of the carbon heating element 14 is measured in advance as described above, and the resistance value is adjusted by the light emitting unit 16. Also in the present embodiment, there is provided a heater capable of obtaining a visual warming effect and a heating effect without impairing an actual warming effect and a heating effect due to infrared radiation, that is, the same effects as the above-described embodiments. be able to.

It is a front view of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a top view in the FIG. 1 embodiment. It is a bottom view in the FIG. 1 embodiment. It is a left view in FIG. 1 Example. It is a top view centerline cross-sectional view in the FIG. 1 embodiment. It is a front view centerline longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 Example. (A) is the left view which shows the modification of FIG. 1 Example, (B) is a front view centerline longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the modification of FIG. 1 Example. (A) is a left side view showing another modified example of FIG. 1 embodiment, and (B) is a front view center line longitudinal sectional view showing another modified example of FIG. 1 embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the usage method of the heater concerning this invention. It is a front view of the heater of the other Example concerning this invention. 10 is a plan view in the embodiment. 10 is a bottom view in the embodiment. 10 is a left side view of the embodiment in FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the center line of the plan view in FIG. 10 embodiment. FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of FIG. 10 Example. It is a front view of the heater of the further another Example concerning this invention. FIG. 17 is a plan view of the embodiment in FIG. 16. FIG. 17 is a left side view of the embodiment in FIG. 16. It is a top view centerline cross-sectional view in the FIG. 16 embodiment. It is a graph which shows the infrared absorption characteristic of water, and the spectral intensity of a carbon heating element.

Explanation of symbols

10 (10a to 10c) ... heater 12 ... enclosure 12a ... heater body 12b ... sealing portion 12c ... storage space 14 ... carbon fiber heating element 16 ... light emitter 18 ... feed member 20 ... internal lead bar 22 ... external lead bar 24 ... Metal foil

Claims (4)

An envelope having a non-oxidizing storage space inside and having an airtight seal at the end;
A carbon heating element that is stored in the storage space and mainly emits infrared light having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by the human body when energized;
A light emitter that is housed in the housing space and emits warm color light when energized;
One end portion projects from the envelope through the hermetic seal portion, and the other end portion includes a power supply member connected to the carbon heating element and the end portion of the light emitter. ,
A light-emitting heater, characterized in that a light emitting body surrounds a carbon heating element, and the carbon heating element and the light emitting element are arranged in a non-contact manner with a space therebetween . 2. The heater with illumination according to claim 1, wherein the carbon heating element and the light emitting body are arranged in a non-contact manner via an insulating cylinder capable of transmitting infrared rays . 3. The illuminated heater according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon heating element is for heating mainly radiating infrared rays having a wavelength that is easily absorbed by moisture, and the luminous body is for warm color light emission . The illuminated heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the infrared rays emitted from the carbon heating element when energized have a peak wavelength in a region of 2.5 µm to 3.6 µm .

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