JP4946621B2 - Battery mounting structure for battery unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle mounting structure of a battery unit (assembled battery) including a plurality of bipolar batteries.

  Conventionally, a bipolar battery in which sheet-like electrodes are stacked via an electrolyte layer and a battery unit (assembled battery) in which a plurality of bipolar batteries are connected are known. The battery unit is mounted on various devices and devices, and some battery units are mounted on a vehicle.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-63776 discloses that an assembled battery is installed under the floor of a vehicle, behind the seat back, or under the seat. In addition, the use of the internal space of a car door as a chargeable / dischargeable three-dimensional battery cell is described, for example, in International Publication No. 00/59062.
JP 2005-63776 A International Publication No. 00/59062 Pamphlet

  As described above, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-63776 and International Publication No. 00/59062 pamphlet have a statement that an assembled battery or the like is installed in each part of the vehicle. Is not described at all.

  The space of each part of the vehicle is limited, and it is necessary to install a battery pack etc. in each part by applying a special device to the narrow installation space. There is no mention of any ingenuity points for installation. Therefore, it is not easy to actually install an assembled battery or the like in each part of the vehicle even with reference to the above documents.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle unit mounting structure of a battery unit that can actually mount a battery unit (assembled battery) including a plurality of bipolar batteries on the vehicle.

Vehicle mounting structure of the battery unit according to the present invention (battery pack) includes an outer member and an inner member defining an inner space of vehicles of the door body, and a battery unit including a plurality of bipolar batteries disposed within the interior space, It provided so as to rise from the inner member, and a fixed anchoring member against the inner member within the interior space of the battery unit. Here, the outer member is a member that forms a portion of the door body outside the vehicle, and can be composed of one or more members. Further, the inner member is a member that forms a portion of the door body on the inner side of the vehicle, and can be composed of one or a plurality of members.

The door body includes a door glass, and at least a part of the door glass can be stored in the internal space by driving the door glass. The battery unit is arranged in an area between the inner member and a movable path that is convexly curved toward the outside of the vehicle where the door glass is movable in the internal space.

The battery unit, that Yusuke a plurality of storage cells, and a releasable plug for electrical connection between the power storage cells. The plug is disposed in the vicinity of the door glass storage opening.

The battery mounting structure of the battery unit according to the present invention is preferably installed inside the vehicle and includes a seat having a seat, a backrest, and a back frame, and a plurality of bipolar batteries mounted on the back frame. Including other battery units , a ventilation path that allows a heat transfer medium provided on the sheet to transmit heat dissipated from the other battery units, and a back frame part to form the ventilation path . further comprising a fixed anchoring member battery unit.

Vehicle mounting structure of the battery unit of the present invention, since the battery unit in the interior space comprising a fixed anchoring member against the inner member, it is possible to mount the battery unit into the interior space.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same referential mark is attached | subjected to the part which is the same or it corresponds in each following figure, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, all the constituent elements of the embodiment are not necessarily essential, and some constituent elements may be omitted.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows an automobile (vehicle) 1 having a mounting structure for a battery unit (assembled battery) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the automobile 1 includes various devices including an engine and the like, a chassis, and a body. The body has four doors 2 in the example of FIG. In the first embodiment, a battery unit (assembled battery) 3 is mounted inside the door 2. By mounting the battery unit 3 inside the door 2 in this way, the battery unit 3 can be mounted on the vehicle by effectively using the internal space of each part of the vehicle.

  In the example of FIG. 1, the battery unit 3 is mounted on one door 2, but the battery units may be mounted on a plurality of doors 2. In the example of FIG. 1, the battery unit 3 is mounted on the door 2 on the front side of the automobile 1, but the battery unit 3 may be mounted on another door 2, for example, the door 2 on the rear side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the first embodiment, a vent hole 9 is provided in the door 2. The vent 9 communicates the external space and the internal space of the door 2 and has a function of supplying air (heat transfer medium) for cooling the battery unit 3 to the internal space of the door 2. In the example of FIG. 1, a pair of ventilation openings 9 are provided on both sides of the battery unit 3, but the position, number, shape, and the like of the ventilation openings 9 can be arbitrarily changed. Moreover, since the vent hole 9 can be visually recognized from the outside, it is preferable to have a shape that is excellent in design. For example, it can be considered to have a shape elongated in the front-rear direction such as a meteor shape.

  FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the door 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the door 2 includes a door body, a door glass 4, and a frame 24. The door body has an internal space. A door glass 4 and a frame 24 are installed on the upper portion of the door body. The door glass 4 is movable up and down, and at least a part of the door glass 4 can be stored in the internal space by driving the door glass 4. The frame 24 has an opening that defines a window portion of the automobile 1 in the center, and can receive the peripheral edge of the door glass 4 when the door glass 4 is received in the opening. The frame 24 has a main body side frame 24a located on the door main body side, a set of vertical frame portions rising from the main body side frame 24a, and a roof side frame portion connecting the upper end portions of the vertical frame portions, One window portion of the automobile 1 is defined.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the battery unit 3 is fixed in the internal space of the door body via a fixing member 5. Thereby, the battery unit 3 can be fixed in the interior space of the door body, and the battery unit 3 can be actually mounted on the vehicle.

  In the example of FIG. 2, a plurality of plate-like members are provided so as to rise from the inner surface of the door body, and the plate-like member is fixed to the battery unit 3 using a fastening member such as a bolt, whereby the battery unit 3 is attached to the door. Although fixed to the main body, the battery unit 3 may be fixed to the door main body using any other member.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a connector 7 is connected to the battery unit 3 via a cable 6. The battery unit 3 is provided with a plug 8. The plug 8 can control conduction / interruption of the current flowing through the battery unit 3. When the battery unit 3 includes a plurality of power storage cells, the electrical connection state between the plurality of power storage cells can also be controlled. For example, a plurality of storage cells in the battery unit 3 can be electrically connected by attaching the plug 8 to the battery unit 3, and a plurality of storage cells in the battery unit 3 can be removed by removing the plug 8 from the battery unit 3. The electrical connection state between the storage cells can be released. In the example of FIG. 2, the plug 8 is provided in the vicinity of the main body side frame 24 a, that is, in the vicinity of the storage opening of the door glass 4. Thereby, the plug 8 can be easily attached and detached from the outside of the vehicle through the window of the door 2 as necessary.

  FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the door main body taken along line III-III in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the door main body is an outer panel (outer member) 11 that is exposed outside the vehicle and forms an outer portion of the door main body, and an inner panel (inner member) that is exposed inside the vehicle and forms an indoor side portion of the door main body. 14, and an internal space is formed between the outer panel 11 and the inner panel 14. Both the outer panel 11 and the inner panel 14 can be configured by a single member, but may be configured by combining a plurality of members.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the door body can be rotated via a hinge 13. In the example of FIG. 3, the bar 12 is installed in the vicinity of the outer panel 11, but any other member may be installed in the internal space.

  In the example of FIG. 3, the fixing member 5 is provided on the inner surface of the inner panel 14 that defines the inner space of the door main body (the side different from the vehicle interior side). The battery unit 3 is fixed to the panel 14. More specifically, an area between the glass center 10 and the inner panel 14 which is a center line in the vertical direction (movement direction) of the door glass 4 and a line extending the center line in the movement direction of the door glass 4, that is, the door body. The battery unit 3 is fixed to a region between the inner panel 14 and a movable path through which the door glass 4 is movable and / or its extension. By installing the battery unit 3 in this area, it is possible to effectively use the dead space in the internal space of the door body while avoiding interference between the door glass 4 and the battery unit 3.

  At this time, it is desirable to provide a space between the inner panel 14 and the battery unit 3 as shown in FIG. Thereby, it is possible to avoid heat generated in the battery unit 3 from being directly transferred to the inner panel 14.

  Here, the structural example of the battery unit 3 is demonstrated using FIG. In the example of FIG. 4, the battery unit 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but may have any other shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the battery unit 3 includes a plurality of power storage cells 31 and a casing 30 that covers the power storage cells 31. As a material of the casing 30, an insulating material such as a resin can be used. Although not shown, a plurality of terminal portions protruding or exposed from the casing 30 may be provided. A current discharged from the battery unit 3 can be supplied to the outside via the terminal portion, the connector 7 and the like, and a current can be supplied to the battery unit 3 from the outside when charging.

  The electricity storage cell 31 can be composed of a bipolar battery (stacked battery). Each bipolar battery includes a current collector (current collector electrode), and a tip portion of the current collector can be used as a terminal portion. The current collector can be typically constituted by a plate-like conductive member, but a current collector of a form other than the plate shape can also be adopted. One current collector of the bipolar battery functions as a positive electrode current collector electrode, and the other current collector functions as a negative electrode current collector electrode.

  Each bipolar battery includes a plurality of unit cells (battery element: an electrolyte, a configuration including a positive electrode and a negative electrode disposed on both sides thereof), and a current collector foil (current collector) provided between the unit cells. It can be formed by stacking. At the upper and lower ends of the bipolar battery, the above-described current collectors that are thicker than the current collector foil and formed in a plate shape are disposed.

  The unit battery includes a plate-shaped electrolyte layer, a positive electrode active material layer formed on one main surface of the electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the other main surface of the electrolyte layer. Prepare. The thickness of one unit battery is, for example, about several tens of μm. Each unit battery is connected in series via a current collector foil.

  Next, a material example of each element of the bipolar battery will be described. The current collector foil can be formed of aluminum, for example. In this case, even if the active material layer provided on the surface of the current collector foil contains a solid polymer electrolyte, the mechanical strength of the current collector foil can be sufficiently ensured. The current collector foil may be formed by coating aluminum on the surface of a metal other than aluminum, such as copper, titanium, nickel, stainless steel (SUS), or an alloy thereof.

  The negative electrode active material layer includes a solid polymer electrolyte. The negative electrode active material layer is composed of a supporting salt (lithium salt) for increasing ion conductivity, a conductive auxiliary agent for increasing electronic conductivity, NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) as a solvent for adjusting slurry viscosity, polymerization AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) as an initiator may be included.

As the negative electrode active material layer, a composite oxide of lithium and a transition metal, which is generally used in a lithium ion secondary battery, can be used. Further, as the negative electrode active material layer, Li · Co-based composite oxide such as LiCoO _2, Li · Ni-based composite oxide such as LiNiO _2, Li · Mn-based composite oxide such as spinel LiMn ₂ O _4, LiFeO _2, etc. Li / Fe-based composite oxides can also be used. In addition, phosphoric acid compounds and sulfuric acid compounds of transition metals such as LiFePO ₄ and lithium; transition metal oxides and sulfides such as V ₂ O ₅ , MnO ₂ , TiS ₂ , MoS ₂ , MoO ₃ , PbO ₂ , AgO, NiOOH or the like can also be used.

The solid polymer electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer exhibiting ionic conductivity, and examples thereof include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), and copolymers thereof. Such a polyalkylene oxide polymer readily dissolves lithium salts such as LiBF ₄ , LiPF ₆ , LiN (SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ , and LiN (SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ . The solid polymer electrolyte may be contained in at least one of the negative electrode active material layer and the positive electrode active material layer, but is preferably contained in both the negative electrode active material layer and the positive electrode active material layer.

As the supporting salt, Li (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ N, LiBF ₄ , LiPF ₆ , LiN (SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ , or a mixture thereof can be used. As the conductive auxiliary agent, acetylene black, carbon black, graphite or the like can be used.

  The positive electrode active material layer includes a solid polymer electrolyte. This positive electrode active material layer also has a supporting salt (lithium salt) for increasing ionic conductivity, a conductive aid for increasing electron conductivity, NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) as a solvent for adjusting slurry viscosity, AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) as a polymerization initiator may be included.

  As the positive electrode active material layer, a material generally used in a lithium ion secondary battery can be used. When a solid electrolyte is used, it is preferable to use a composite oxide of carbon or lithium and a metal oxide or metal as the positive electrode active material layer. More preferably, the positive electrode active material layer uses a composite oxide of carbon or lithium and a transition metal. An example of the transition metal is titanium.

As the solid electrolyte capable of forming the electrolyte layer, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte such as polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), and a copolymer thereof can be used. The solid electrolyte includes a supporting salt (lithium salt) for ensuring ionic conductivity. As the supporting salt, LiBF ₄ , LiPF ₆ , LiN (SO ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ , LiN (SO ₂ C ₂ F ₅ ) ₂ , or a mixture thereof can be used.

  Tables 1 to 3 below show materials that can form a negative electrode active material layer (negative electrode material), materials that can form a positive electrode active material layer (positive electrode material), and materials that can form an electrolyte layer (solid electrolyte or polymer). Specific examples of the substrate are shown.

  Table 1 shows specific examples of each element when the electrolyte layer is an organic solid electrolyte. Table 2 shows specific examples of each element when the electrolyte layer is an inorganic solid electrolyte. Table 3 Shows specific examples of each element when the electrolyte layer is a gel electrolyte.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, the above-described battery unit 3 is installed on a vehicle seat.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the seat 15 includes a back frame 16, a backrest portion 17, and a seat portion 18. In the second embodiment, the battery unit 3 is installed on the back frame 16. Accordingly, the battery unit 3 can be mounted on the vehicle by effectively utilizing the empty space of each part of the vehicle, and the battery unit 3 can be mounted without sacrificing the utility of the vehicle.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a cross-sectional structure of the sheet 15. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery unit 3 is fixed to the back frame 16 via a fixing member (not shown). At this time, ventilation paths 19 a and 19 b are provided around the battery unit 3. Thereby, the heat generated in the battery unit 3 can be dissipated to the air passages 19a and 19b.

  When the battery unit 3 is actually mounted on a sheet or the like, it is considered that a heat dissipation measure is necessary. Therefore, the battery unit 3 is mounted on the back frame 16 so as to secure a heat dissipation space around the battery unit 3 as described above. The battery unit 3 can be mounted on the vehicle seat 15 while securing heat dissipation.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the ventilation paths 19 a and 19 b communicate with the vehicle interior via the exhaust port 20. Therefore, the heat generated in the battery unit 3 can be dissipated into the vehicle interior via the exhaust port 20.

  The ventilation paths 19a and 19b can also communicate with ventilation paths 19c and 19d provided in the backrest portion 17 and the seat portion 18, respectively. By communicating with the ventilation paths 19a and 19b with the ventilation paths 19c and 19d, the heat generated in the battery unit 3 can be transferred from the ventilation paths 19a and 19b to the ventilation paths 19c and 19d. Thereby, the backrest part 17 and the seat part 18 can be warmed. That is, the heat generated in the battery unit 3 can be effectively used.

  The ventilation paths 19c and 19d communicate with the vehicle interior via the exhaust port 21. Therefore, the heat generated in the battery unit 3 can be dissipated to the front side of the seat 15 through the exhaust port 21. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the warm air can be supplied to the feet of the person sitting on the seat 15 by disposing the exhaust port 21 at the lower portion of the seat portion 18.

  As shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to provide the valve 22 in the communication part of the ventilation path 19a, 19b and the ventilation path 19c. Thereby, the communication state of the ventilation path 19a, 19b and the ventilation path 19c is controllable. For example, when it is desired to discharge the warm air to the rear of the seat, the valve 22 is driven to bring the ventilation paths 19a, 19b and the exhaust port 20 into communication, and the warm air is discharged from the exhaust port 20 into the vehicle interior. In order to warm the seat, the valve 22 is driven to bring the ventilation paths 19a to 19d into communication with the exhaust port 21, and the warm air is discharged from the exhaust port 21 into the vehicle interior. The valve 22 may be operated manually, but may be automatically controlled. Further, the form of the valve 22 can be arbitrarily selected.

  In the example of FIG. 6, a fan 23 is provided in the vicinity of the battery unit 3. Further, a rear space and an air supply port to the rear space are provided on the rear side of the fan 23 (on the side opposite to the ventilation paths 19a and 19b). Thereby, air can be forced to flow in the ventilation paths 19a to 19d, and the battery unit 3 can be efficiently cooled.

  In the above-described example, the case where air is used as the heat transfer medium capable of transmitting the heat dissipated from the battery unit 3 has been described. However, a heat transfer medium other than air may be used. As for the ventilation paths 19a to 19d, the ventilation paths 19a to 19d may be formed by a space such as a gap through which a heat transfer medium such as air can move, but the ventilation paths 19a to 19d are formed using a member such as a pipe. May be formed. Further, with respect to the backrest portion 17, it is preferable to secure a space between the battery unit 3 and the backrest portion 17 so that the backrest portion 17 does not interfere with the battery unit 3 when a person leans against the backrest portion 17.

  In the above-described example, the case where the battery unit 3 is installed so as to be fitted into the back frame 16 has been described. However, the battery unit 3 may be attached on the surface of the back frame 16.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described as described above, it is also planned from the beginning to combine the configurations of the embodiments as appropriate. Further, it should be considered that the embodiment disclosed this time is illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and includes meanings equivalent to the terms of the claims and all modifications within the scope.

It is a perspective view which shows the motor vehicle provided with the mounting structure of the battery unit in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a partially cutaway front view of the door of the motor vehicle shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the door main body seen along the III-III line of FIG. It is a partial cross section perspective view which shows the structural example of a battery unit. It is a partial cross section perspective view which shows the sheet | seat provided with the mounting structure of the battery unit in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the sheet | seat provided with the mounting structure of the battery unit in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1 automobile, 2 doors, 3 battery unit, 4 door glass, 5 fixing member, 6 cable, 7 connector, 8 plug, 9 vent, 10 glass center, 11 outer panel, 12 bar, 13 hinge, 14 inner panel, 15 seat , 16 Back frame, 17 Backrest part, 18 Seat part, 19a-19d Ventilation path, 20, 21 Exhaust port, 22 Valve, 23 Fan, 24 frame, 24a Main body side frame, 30 Casing, 31 Storage cell.

Claims (2)

An outer member and an inner member that define the internal space of the vehicle door body;
A battery unit including a plurality of bipolar batteries disposed in the internal space;
The installed to rise from the inner member, and a fixed anchoring member against said inner member within said interior space of said battery unit,
The door body has a door glass, and can drive at least a part of the door glass in the internal space by driving the door glass.
The battery unit is disposed in a region between the inner member and a movable path that curves convexly toward the outside of the vehicle, in which the door glass is movable in the inner space,
The battery unit includes a plurality of power storage cells and a plug capable of releasing an electrical connection state between the power storage cells,
A battery mounting structure for a battery unit in which the plug is disposed in the vicinity of the door glass opening . A seat installed inside the vehicle, having a seat, a backrest, and a back frame;
Other battery units mounted on the back frame part and including a plurality of bipolar batteries,
An air passage that is provided on the sheet and allows a heat transfer medium that can transmit heat dissipated from the other battery unit to flow;
The vehicle unit mounting structure for a battery unit according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing member capable of fixing the other battery unit to the back frame portion so as to form the ventilation path.

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