JP4944158B2 - Nanoprinting stamper and fine structure transfer method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a nanoprint transfer method in which a microstructure is formed on a substrate using a stamper having a heating / pressurizing mechanism.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, semiconductor integrated circuits have been miniaturized and integrated, and photolithography equipment has been improved in accuracy as a pattern transfer technique for realizing fine processing. However, the processing method has approached the wavelength of the light source for light exposure, and the lithography technology has also approached its limit. Therefore, in order to advance further miniaturization and higher accuracy, an electron beam drawing apparatus, which is a kind of charged particle beam apparatus, has been used in place of lithography technology.

  Unlike the batch exposure method in pattern formation using a light source such as i-line or excimer laser, pattern formation using an electron beam takes a method of drawing a mask pattern. The exposure (drawing) takes time and the pattern formation takes time. For this reason, as the degree of integration is dramatically increased to 256 mega, 1 giga, and 4 giga, the pattern formation time is remarkably increased correspondingly, and there is a concern that the throughput is extremely inferior. Therefore, in order to increase the speed of the electron beam drawing apparatus, development of a collective figure irradiation method in which various shapes of masks are combined and irradiated with an electron beam collectively to form an electron beam with a complicated shape is underway. . As a result, while miniaturization of the pattern is promoted, the electron beam lithography apparatus must be enlarged and a mechanism for controlling the mask position with higher accuracy is required. was there.

  On the other hand, techniques for performing fine pattern formation at low cost are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 described below. This is a technique for transferring a predetermined pattern by embossing a stamper having a concavo-convex pattern identical to the pattern to be formed on the substrate against the resist film layer formed on the surface of the substrate to be transferred. According to the nanoimprint technique described in Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 1, a silicon wafer is used as a stamper, and a fine structure of 25 nanometers or less can be formed by transfer.

US Pat. No. 5,259,926 US Pat. No. 5,772,905

S. Y. Chou et al. , Appl. Phys. Lett. , Vol. 67, p. 3314 (1995) SPIE'S Microlithography, Santa Clara, CA, Feb. 27-28, 2001

  However, even with imprint technology that enables formation of fine patterns, a stamper pressed on a substrate can be easily and accurately peeled off from the substrate without breaking the fine irregularities formed on the substrate. It was difficult. For example, when a silicon wafer is used as a stamper, the stamper may be damaged when the stamper is peeled off.

  Non-Patent Document 2 discloses that a stamper is subjected to a peeling treatment and mechanically peeled off. This method does not solve the problem that the stamper breaks when the stamper is peeled off.

  In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a highly accurate process for peeling a stamper from a substrate in a nanoprint method, which is a pattern transfer technique for forming a fine-shaped structure in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device or the like. It is intended to be performed easily.

  The inventor of the present invention has come to the present invention because the arrangement of the substrate and the stamper is too rigid as the reason why the separation cannot be efficiently performed.

  That is, first, the present invention is a stamper invention, wherein a stamper is used to form a fine structure on a substrate using a press device, and the stamper is provided with a peeling mechanism. It is. By providing the peeling mechanism, the substrate and the stamper can be easily peeled off.

  For example, the present invention is an invention of a stamper, and in a stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a press device, a part of the peripheral portion of the stamper on the concave / convex forming surface side becomes thick at the center of the substrate. It is a stamper for nanoprinting characterized by having such an inclination. By thickening the center of the stamper, in the peeling process, the substrate that was warped during the press will return to the original state after the press is released. Created intentionally, the substrate and the stamper are more easily separated from this portion.

  The present invention also relates to a stamper invention, which is a stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a press device, wherein the stamper is flexible. Since the stamper has flexibility, a local force is applied between the substrate and the stamper in the peeling process, and it is possible to prevent the substrate and / or the stamper from being damaged.

  Here, the stamper is preferably fixed to the support via an elastic body. By fixing the stamper to the support via an elastic body, the force acting between the substrate and the stamper becomes more flexible, which is effective in preventing damage to the substrate and the stamper.

  The support preferably has a rectangular, square, circular or elliptical frame structure. By adopting the frame structure, the fixing to the stamper through the elastic body can be minimized, and the operability of pattern transfer by the nanoprint method is excellent.

Further, the present invention provides a stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a pressing device, and an elastic body for facilitating separation of the stamper and the substrate at an end portion on the unevenness forming surface side of the stamper. It is characterized by having.
In addition, what has a heating and pressurizing mechanism can be used for the said press apparatus.

  Secondly, the present invention is an invention of a pattern transfer method, and in the pattern transfer method using a nanoprinting stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a press apparatus, a peeling mechanism is provided on the stamper. It is characterized by.

  For example, the present invention is an invention of a pattern transfer method, and in a pattern transfer method using a nanoprinting stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a press apparatus, the peripheral portion on the unevenness forming surface side of the stamper A part of the substrate has an inclination such that the central part of the substrate is thick.

  In addition, the present invention is an invention of a pattern transfer method, which uses a press device having a heating / pressurizing mechanism and uses a nanoprint stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate. A stamper having the following is used.

Here, the stamper is preferably fixed to the support via an elastic body.
The support preferably has a rectangular, square, circular or elliptical frame structure.

  Here, as a method of molding the resin substrate or the resin film on the substrate, (1) the resin substrate or the resin film on the substrate is heated and deformed, and (2) the resin substrate or the resin film on the substrate is added. It is preferable to select from photocuring after the pressure molding, or (3) photocuring the resin substrate or the resin film on the substrate.

  According to the present invention, the nanoprinting stamper has a peeling mechanism, in particular, a thickened central portion of the stamper. In order to return, a stress that causes the substrate and the stamper to peel off is intentionally created, and the substrate and the stamper are more easily separated from this portion. Further, according to the present invention, by using a flexible stamper, a local force is applied between the substrate and the stamper in the nanoprint peeling process, and either or both of the substrate and the stamper are applied. One side is prevented from being damaged. Furthermore, according to the present invention, by providing a spring mechanism between the stamper and the substrate, the stamper and the substrate can be easily separated in the separation step.

The schematic diagram which shows each process of nanoprint. A method for producing a stamper having flexibility and being fixed to a support frame via an elastic body. A method for producing a stamper having flexibility and being fixed to a support frame via an elastic body. A method of nanostamping using the stamper of the present invention. A method for producing a curved stamper. A method for producing a curved stamper. A method for producing a curved stamper. Production of convex curved stamper with deep grooves. Stamp with a deep curved convex stamper. Concave curved stamper with deep groove. Manufacturing method of stamper with end elastic body. Manufacturing method of stamper with end elastic body. A stamp with a light transmission stamper which is flexible and fixed to a support frame via an elastic body. Schematic of biochip. The cross-sectional bird's-eye view of the vicinity where the molecular filter is formed. Sectional drawing of a molecular filter. The figure explaining the process for producing a multilayer wiring board. The whole figure and cross-sectional enlarged view of a magnetic recording medium. A method for forming irregularities on glass by a nanoprint method is shown in a cross-sectional view cut in the radial direction. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optical circuit 500. FIG. The schematic layout figure of the protrusion in an optical waveguide inside.

  First, the nanoprint method will be described with reference to FIG. A stamper having a minute pattern on the surface of a silicon substrate or the like is manufactured. A resin film is provided on a different substrate (FIG. 1A). A stamper having a heating / pressurizing mechanism (not shown) is used to press the stamper onto the resin film at a predetermined pressure at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin (FIG. 1B). Cool and harden (FIG. 1 (c)). The stamper and the substrate are peeled off, and the fine pattern of the stamper is transferred to the resin film on the substrate (FIG. 1D). Further, instead of the heat molding step, a photo-curable resin may be used, and after molding, the resin may be irradiated with light to cure the resin. Further, a light transmissive stamper such as glass may be used, and after pressing, the resin may be photocured by irradiating light from above the light transmissive stamper.

  According to the nanoprint method, (1) the integrated ultra-fine pattern can be efficiently transferred, (2) the apparatus cost is easy, (3) the complex shape can be handled, and the pillar can be formed, etc. There are features.

The fields of application of the nanoprint method are (1) various biodevices such as DNA chips and immunoassay chips, especially disposable DNA chips, (2) semiconductor multilayer wiring, (3) printed circuit boards and RFMEMS, (4) light Or, magnetic storage, (5) optical devices such as waveguides, diffraction gratings, microlenses, polarizing elements, photonic crystals, (6) sheets, (7) LCD displays, (8) FED displays, and the like. The present invention is preferably applied to these fields.
In the present invention, nanoprint refers to transfer in the range of several hundred μm to several nm.

  In the present invention, the press apparatus is not particularly limited, but a press apparatus having a heating / pressurizing mechanism and a mechanism capable of irradiating light from above a light-transmitting stamper are preferable for efficient pattern transfer.

  In the present invention, the stamper has a fine pattern to be transferred, and the method for forming the pattern on the stamper is not particularly limited. For example, it is selected according to desired processing accuracy such as photolithography or electron beam drawing. The stamper material may be a silicon wafer, various metal materials, glass, ceramic, plastic, or the like that has strength and processability with required accuracy. Specifically, Si, SiC, SiN, polycrystalline Si, glass, Ni, Cr, Cu, and those containing one or more of these are preferably exemplified.

  In the present invention, the material for the substrate is not particularly limited, but any material having a predetermined strength may be used. Specifically, silicon, various metal materials, glass, ceramic, plastic and the like are preferably exemplified.

  In the present invention, the resin film to which the fine structure is transferred is not particularly limited, but is selected according to the desired processing accuracy. Specifically, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS resin, AS resin, acrylic resin, polyamide, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate, glass reinforced polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, modified Thermoplastic resins such as polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, liquid crystalline polymer, fluororesin, polyarate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, thermoplastic polyimide, phenol resin, melamine resin, urea Resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, silicone resin, diallyl phthalate resin, poly Bromide bismaleimide, poly bisamide thermosetting resin triazole and the like, and it is possible to use two or more kinds of these blended material.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[Example 1]
A manufacturing method of a stamper which is one of the embodiments of the present invention and is fixed to a support frame via an elastic body will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 are conceptual diagrams, and it should be noted that the pattern shape is simplified and overwritten. First, as shown in FIG. 2A, a Si substrate 1 having a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm was prepared. Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, a photoresist 2 for electron beam exposure (OEBR1000, manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was applied using a spin coater. Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, using an electron beam drawing apparatus JBX6000FS (manufactured by JEOL), exposure is performed by direct drawing with the electron beam 3 and development is performed, as shown in FIG. Unevenness was formed. The resist was left so that circular patterns with a diameter of 100 nm were arranged in a matrix with a pitch of 150 nm. If the pattern is on the order of several hundred nm or more, a Kr laser (wavelength 351 nm) or the like may be used instead of an electron beam. The Si substrate 1 was dry-etched using the unevenness shown in FIG. 2D as a mask pattern. After the unevenness was formed on the Si substrate 1 as shown in FIG. 2E, the resist 2 was removed by O ₂ ashing. Through the above steps, a master master made of silicon having a columnar protrusion having a diameter of 100 nm formed on one surface was obtained. As shown in FIG. 2 (f), Ni was sputter-deposited on this silicon master with a thickness of several tens of nanometers. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (g), Ni was plated to a thickness of 100 μm. The steps of FIGS. 2 (f) and 2 (g) may use electroless plating. Finally, the Si master was peeled off to obtain a Ni stamper in which holes with a diameter of 100 nm were formed in a matrix. This thin Ni stamper is flexible. Since the Ni stamper has a pattern in which the unevenness is reversed with respect to the silicon master, it is necessary to prepare the master with a reverse pattern. Alternatively, the Ni stamper can be produced from the submaster after the silicon substrate pattern is transferred to the submaster without producing the stamper directly from the silicon master.

  FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the Ni stamper 6 formed by the above method. As shown in FIG. 3B, a silicone rubber (KE1820, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone) is used as an elastic body 7 on the back surface of the pattern, and a silicone rubber with a thickness of 1 mm is pasted. Further, as shown in FIG. A stamper of the present invention is obtained by attaching a SUS frame as the support 8 to the substrate. The elastic body 7 and the support body 8 can take a shape such as a square, a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse according to the stamper shape.

  Next, a nanostamping method using the stamper of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4A shows a stamper bonded to an SUS frame via an elastic body on a Si substrate spin-coated with a 10 wt% diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate solution of polystyrene 679 (manufactured by A & M styrene). Shows the state. Next, after reducing the pressure to 0.1 Torr or less, the mixture was heated to 250 ° C. and held at a pressure of 12 MPa for 10 minutes as shown in FIG. 4B to deform the polystyrene. Subsequently, the mixture was allowed to cool to 100 ° C. or lower, and then opened to the atmosphere. After this, peeling is performed. However, in the conventional peeling method, when the stamper is peeled off from the substrate, the stamper and the substrate are engaged with each other by the unevenness of the nanoscale. There was a high risk of losing. On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4C, a hook is hooked to one end of the support frame, and the support frame is pulled upward. Then, as shown in FIG. 4D, the elastic body extended in the thickness direction, and the force to peel the Ni portion from the resin acted with the elastic force. Since the starting point of the peeling could be provided at the end of the stamp, the peeling could be performed smoothly as shown in FIG. In the stamper structure of the present invention, when there is no elastic body and the Ni portion of the stamper is directly fixed to the support frame, if the force is applied in the peeling direction, the support frame often breaks or breaks. By attaching the body, it became possible to perform peeling without damaging the stamper.

[Example 2]
A method for manufacturing a curved stamper, which is one of the embodiments of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The Ni stamper (6 inches, 100 μm thickness) produced by the above-mentioned method is bonded to SUS (6 inches center part 1 cm thickness, end part 7 mm thickness) with a silicone adhesive (KE1820, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone), and pressure is applied from above. In addition (FIG. 5 (a)), a convex curved stamper was produced (FIG. 5 (b)). Similarly, a concave curved stamper can be formed (FIG. 6).

  In addition to the above method, the concave curved stamper can be sputtered with Au 20 nm, and then electro Ni plating can be performed to make the central portion about 1 cm thick, and then peeled off from the concave curved stamper to form a curved mold. It is also possible to create a concave curved surface stamper by performing Ni plating on the convex curved surface stamper in the same manner.

  Hereinafter, the stamp by a convex curved surface stamper is shown (FIG. 7). A 500-nm-thick polystyrene 679 (manufactured by A & M styrene) 10% diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate solution was applied to a Si substrate 5 inch φ0.5 mmt, and 4 mmφ buffer material 3 mmt was drawn downward (FIG. 7A). ). The pressure was reduced to 0.1 Torr or lower, heated to 250 ° C., pressurized at 12 MPa for 10 minutes, cooled, and opened to the atmosphere at 100 ° C. or lower (FIG. 7B). When the sample was taken out and the cushioning material was removed, the warped substrate was returned to its original shape, and the end portion was easily peeled off. When the end portion was fixed with a jig and pulled up vertically at a speed of 0.1 mm / s, it was easily peeled off (FIG. 7C).

[Example 3]
A manufacturing method in the case where a stamper surface is curved and a deep groove is provided on the stamper surface, which is one embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIGS.

  At the center of the Ni stamper (6 inches, 100 μm thick), a cross pattern having a width of 10 μm and a depth of 3 μm is formed. A SUS (6 inch center part 1 cm thickness, end part 7 mm thickness) was bonded with a silicone-based adhesive (KE1820, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone) to produce a convex curved stamper with deep grooves (FIG. 8).

Stamping was performed with this deep grooved convex curved stamper. First, a polystyrene 679 (manufactured by A & M styrene) 10% diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate solution is applied to a Si substrate 5 inches φ0.5 mmt to a thickness of 500 nm, and a 4 inch φ buffer material 3 mmt is drawn downward. Furthermore, the pressing device base surface is a concave curved surface (FIG. 9A). Next, it was heated to 250 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 0.1 Torr or less and pressurized at 12 MPa for 10 minutes. As a result, the substrate bends along the curved surface of the pedestal so that it bends smoothly (FIG. 9B). The sample was cooled, opened to the atmosphere at 100 ° C. or lower, the sample was taken out, and the buffer material was removed. The end of the warped substrate is peeled off as it returns. In addition, air is introduced into the deep groove at the center, and a separation start point is also provided at the center. The end was fixed with a jig, and it was easily peeled off when pulled up vertically at a speed of 0.1 mm / s (FIG. 9C).
The same effect was obtained with a concave groove stamper with deep grooves as shown in FIG.

[Example 4]
A method for manufacturing a stamper with an end elastic body, which is one embodiment of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Stepped Ni stamper (4 inch outer circumference 1 cm width part 1 mm thickness, pattern formation part 5 mm thickness, pattern 300 nm depth) is pasted on a SUS frame (6 inch φ1 mm thickness) with silicone adhesive (KE1820, Shin-Etsu Silicone) Further, a material obtained by attaching silicone rubber (cross section 6 mm square) to the outer periphery of the Ni stamper with the adhesive is used.

First, a polystyrene 679 (manufactured by A & M styrene) 10% diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate solution was applied to a Si substrate having a diameter of 5 inches and a thickness of 500 nm (FIG. 11A). The mixture was heated to 250 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 0.1 Torr or less, pressurized at 12 MPa for 10 minutes to crush the silicone rubber, cooled, and opened to the atmosphere at 100 ° C. or less (FIG. 11B). When the pressing pressure was released, the crushed silicone rubber tried to return to its original state, and a force acted in the peeling direction, creating a peeling start point at the end of the stamper. The Si substrate was vacuum-sucked and peeled easily when pulled up vertically at a speed of 0.1 mm / s (FIG. 11 (c)).
It should be noted that the same effect was obtained even when an Ni stamper having a taper at its end as shown in FIG.

[Example 5]
A stamp using a light transmissive stamper which is one of the embodiments of the present invention and is fixed to a support frame via an elastic body will be described with reference to FIG.

A quartz stamper (VIOSIL: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., 5 inch φ 6.35 mm thickness) is pasted with a silicone adhesive (KE1820, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone) as an elastic body and a silicone rubber with a thickness of 1 mm is pasted, and SUS is used as a support. What attached the frame was used. First, a photocurable resin (manufactured by SCR701JSR) was spin-coated to a thickness of 500 nm on a quartz substrate (VIOSIL: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., 5 inch φ6.35 mm thickness) (FIG. 13A). Next, no pressure was applied at a reduced pressure of 0.1 Torr or less, and pressure was applied at 0.5 MPa for 10 minutes (FIG. 13B). Next, UV was irradiated at 100 mJ / cm ² (FIG. 13C). Further, when the SUS frame was hooked and pulled after being released to the atmosphere, the elastic body was stretched and stress was concentrated on the end of the stamp, and the end became the starting point of peeling, and smooth peeling was performed (FIG. 13 (d)). ).

[Application example of the present invention]
Hereinafter, several fields to which nanoprints using the stamper with a peeling mechanism of the present invention are preferably applied will be described.

[Example 6: Bio (immune) chip]
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a biochip 900. A glass substrate 901 is formed with a flow path 902 having a depth of 3 micrometers and a width of 20 micrometers, and a sample containing DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), blood, protein, and the like is introduced from the introduction hole 903 to flow. After flowing through the path 902, it is structured to flow into the discharge hole 904. A molecular filter 905 is installed in the flow path 902. On the molecular filter 905, a protrusion assembly 100 having a diameter of 250 to 300 nanometers and a height of 3 micrometers is formed.

  FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional bird's-eye view of the vicinity where the molecular filter 905 is formed. A flow path 902 is formed in the substrate 901, and the projection aggregate 100 is formed in a part of the flow path 902. The substrate 901 is covered with the upper substrate 1001, and the specimen moves inside the flow path 902. For example, in the case of DNA chain length analysis, when a sample containing DNA is electrophoresed in the channel 902, the DNA is separated with high resolution by the molecular filter 905 according to the DNA chain length. The specimen that has passed through the molecular filter 905 is irradiated with laser light from a semiconductor laser 906 mounted on the surface of the substrate 901. When DNA passes through, the incident light to the photodetector 907 decreases by about 4%, so that the chain length of the DNA in the sample can be analyzed by the output signal from the photodetector 907. A signal detected by the photodetector 907 is input to the signal processing chip 909 via the signal wiring 908. A signal wiring 910 is connected to the signal processing chip 909, and the signal wiring 910 is connected to an output pad 911 and connected to an external terminal. Note that power was supplied to each component from a power pad 912 provided on the surface of the substrate 901.

  FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional view of the molecular filter 905. The molecular filter 905 of this embodiment includes a substrate 901 having a recess, a plurality of protrusions formed in the recess of the substrate 901, and an upper substrate 1001 formed so as to cover the recess of the substrate. Here, the tip of the protrusion is formed so as to contact the upper substrate. Since the main component of the protrusion assembly 100 is an organic substance, it can be deformed. Therefore, the protrusion assembly 100 is not damaged when the upper substrate 1001 is placed on the flow path 902. Therefore, the upper substrate 1001 and the protrusion assembly 100 can be brought into close contact with each other. With such a configuration, the specimen does not leak from the gap between the protrusion and the upper substrate 1001, and highly sensitive analysis is possible. As a result of actually performing DNA chain length analysis, the resolution of the base pair in the glass projection assembly 100 was 10 base pairs at half-value width, whereas in the organic projection assembly 100, base pair It was found that the resolution of 3 can be improved to 3 base pairs at half width. In the molecular filter of this embodiment, the protrusion and the upper substrate are in direct contact with each other. For example, if a film of the same material as the protrusion is formed on the upper substrate and the protrusion and the film are in contact with each other, Adhesion can be improved.

  In this embodiment, the number of the flow paths 902 is one, but it is also possible to perform different analyzes at the same time by arranging a plurality of flow paths 902 provided with protrusions of different sizes.

  Further, in this example, DNA was examined as a specimen, but specific sugar chains, proteins, and antigens were analyzed by modifying molecules that react with sugar chains, proteins, and antigens on the surface of the protrusion assembly 100 in advance. Also good. Thus, the sensitivity of the immunoassay can be improved by modifying the antibody on the surface of the protrusion.

  By applying the present invention to a biochip, an effect of easily forming a projection for analysis made of an organic material having a nano-scale diameter can be obtained. Moreover, the effect which can control the position, diameter, and height of the protrusion made from an organic material by controlling the unevenness of the mold surface and the viscosity of the organic material thin film is also obtained. A highly sensitive microchip for analysis can be provided.

[Example 7: Multilayer wiring board]
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a process for manufacturing a multilayer wiring board. First, as shown in FIG. 17A, a resist 702 is formed on the surface of a multilayer wiring board 1001 composed of a silicon oxide film 1002 and a copper wiring 1003, and then pattern transfer is performed by a stamper (not shown). Next, when the exposed region 703 of the multilayer wiring substrate 1001 is dry-etched with CF ₄ / H ₂ gas, the exposed region 703 on the surface of the multilayer wiring substrate 1001 is processed into a groove shape as shown in FIG. Next, the resist 702 is resist-etched by RIE, and the exposed portion 703 is enlarged and formed as shown in FIG. When dry etching of the exposed region 703 is performed from this state until the depth of the previously formed groove reaches the copper wiring 1003, a structure as shown in FIG. 17D is obtained, and then the resist 702 is removed. Thus, a multilayer wiring board 1001 having a groove shape on the surface as shown in FIG. From this state, a metal film is formed on the surface of the multilayer wiring board 1001 by sputtering (not shown), and then electrolytic plating is performed to form a metal plating film 1004 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, if the metal plating film 1004 is polished until the silicon oxide film 1002 of the multilayer wiring substrate 1001 is exposed, a multilayer wiring substrate 1001 having metal wiring on the surface as shown in FIG. 17G can be obtained.

In addition, another process for manufacturing the multilayer wiring board will be described. When dry etching of the exposed region 703 is performed from the state shown in FIG. 17A, the structure shown in FIG. 17H is obtained by etching until reaching the copper wiring 1003 in the multilayer wiring board 1001. . Next, the resist 702 is etched by RIE, and the resist having a low level difference is removed to obtain the structure shown in FIG. From this state, when a metal film 1005 is formed by sputtering on the surface of the multilayer wiring board 1001, the structure shown in FIG. Next, the structure shown in FIG. 17K is obtained by removing the resist 702 by lift-off. Next, by performing electroless plating using the remaining metal film 1005, the multilayer wiring board 1001 having the structure shown in FIG.
By applying the present invention to a multilayer wiring board, wiring with high dimensional accuracy can be formed.

[Example 8: Magnetic disk]
FIG. 18 is an overall view and a cross-sectional enlarged view of the magnetic recording medium according to this embodiment. The substrate is made of glass having fine irregularities. A seed layer, an underlayer, a magnetic layer, and a protective layer are formed on the substrate. Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the magnetic recording medium according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 19 shows a method for forming concavities and convexities on glass by a nanoprinting method in a cross-sectional view cut in the radial direction. First, a glass substrate is prepared. In this embodiment, soda lime glass is used. The substrate material is not particularly limited as long as it has flatness, and another glass substrate material such as aluminosilicate glass or a metal substrate such as Al may be used. Then, as shown in FIG. 19A, a resin film was formed using a spin coater so as to have a thickness of 200 nm. Here, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) was used as the resin.

  On the other hand, as a mold, an Si wafer is prepared in which grooves are formed so as to be concentric with the hole in the center of the magnetic recording medium. The groove size was 88 nm in width and 200 nm in depth, and the distance between the grooves was 110 nm. Since the unevenness of this mold is very fine, it was formed by photolithography using an electron beam. Next, as shown in FIG. 19B, the mold is pressed after heating to 250 ° C. to lower the resin viscosity. When the mold is released at a temperature not higher than the glass transition point of the resin, a pattern in which the unevenness is reversed from the mold as shown in FIG. 19C is obtained. When the nanoprint method is used, it is possible to form a fine pattern smaller than the visible light wavelength and exceeding the exposure limit of general optical lithography. Further, by removing the residual film remaining on the bottom of the resin pattern by dry etching, a pattern as shown in FIG. 19D is formed. By using this resin film as a mask and further etching the substrate with hydrofluoric acid, the substrate can be processed as shown in FIG. 19 (e). By removing the resin with a stripping solution, the substrate shown in FIG. A groove having a width of 110 nm and a depth of 150 nm was formed. Thereafter, a seed layer made of NiP is formed on the glass substrate by electroless plating. In a general magnetic disk, the NiP layer is formed with a thickness of 10 μm or more, but in this embodiment, the fine uneven shape formed on the glass substrate is reflected on the upper layer, so that the NiP layer is kept at 100 nm. Further, by using a sputtering method generally used for forming a magnetic recording medium, a Cr underlayer of 15 nm, a CoCrPt magnetic layer of 14 nm, and a C protective layer of 10 nm are sequentially formed, whereby the magnetic recording medium of the present embodiment is formed. Produced. In the magnetic recording medium of the present embodiment, the magnetic material is isolated in the radial direction by the nonmagnetic layer wall having a width of 88 nm. As a result, the in-plane magnetic anisotropy could be increased. Note that concentric pattern formation (texturing) using a polishing tape has been conventionally known, but the pattern interval is as large as a micron scale and is difficult to apply to a high-density recording medium. The magnetic recording medium of this example secured a magnetic anisotropy with a fine pattern using a nanoprinting method, and realized high density recording of 400 Gb / square inch. The pattern formation by nanoprinting is not limited to the circumferential direction, and nonmagnetic partition walls can be formed in the radial direction. Further, the magnetic anisotropy imparting effect described in the present embodiment is not particularly limited by the materials of the seed layer, the underlayer, the magnetic layer, and the protective layer.

[Example 9: Optical waveguide]
In this embodiment, an example in which an optical device in which the traveling direction of incident light changes is applied to an optical information processing apparatus will be described.

  FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of the manufactured optical circuit 500. An optical circuit 500 is composed of an aluminum nitride substrate 501 having a length of 30 millimeters, a width of 5 millimeters, and a thickness of 1 millimeter, and 10 transmitting units 502, an optical waveguide 503, and an optical waveguide composed of an indium phosphide-based semiconductor laser and a driver circuit. The connector 504 is configured. Note that the emission wavelengths of the ten semiconductor lasers differ by 50 nanometers, and the optical circuit 500 is a basic component of an optical multiplex communication system device.

  FIG. 21 is a schematic layout diagram of the protrusion 406 inside the optical waveguide 503. The end portion of the optical waveguide 503 has a trumpet shape with a width of 20 micrometers so that an alignment error between the transmission unit 502 and the optical waveguide 503 can be allowed, and the signal light has a width of 1 micrometer due to the photonic band gap. The structure is guided by Note that the protrusions 406 are arranged at intervals of 0.5 micrometers, but in FIG. 21, the protrusions 406 are shown in a simplified manner and less than the actual number.

  In the optical circuit 500, signal light of 10 different wavelengths can be superimposed and output. However, since the traveling direction of the light can be changed, the horizontal width of the optical circuit 500 can be extremely shortened to 5 millimeters, and the optical communication device is downsized. There is an effect that can be done. In addition, since the protrusion 406 can be formed by pressing the mold, an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost can be obtained. In this embodiment, the input light is superposed, but it is clear that the optical waveguide 503 is useful for all optical devices that control the light path.

  By applying the present invention to an optical waveguide, it is possible to obtain an effect that the traveling direction of light can be changed by advancing signal light in a structure in which protrusions mainly composed of organic substances are periodically arranged. Moreover, since the protrusion can be formed by a simple manufacturing technique called mold pressing, an effect of manufacturing an optical device at low cost can be obtained.

Claims (2)

In a stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a press device,
The stamper for a nanoprint, wherein the stamper includes a flexible pattern portion, a frame-like support, and an elastic body interposed between the support and the pattern portion. In a pattern transfer method using a nanoprinting stamper for forming a fine structure on a substrate using a press device,
The pattern transfer method according to claim 1, wherein the stamper is a nanoprint stamper including a flexible pattern portion, a frame-like support, and an elastic body interposed between the support and the pattern portion.