JP4936803B2 - Medical laminated knitted fabric, surgical clothing using the same, and surgical materials using the same - Google Patents
Medical laminated knitted fabric, surgical clothing using the same, and surgical materials using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP4936803B2 JP4936803B2 JP2006178854A JP2006178854A JP4936803B2 JP 4936803 B2 JP4936803 B2 JP 4936803B2 JP 2006178854 A JP2006178854 A JP 2006178854A JP 2006178854 A JP2006178854 A JP 2006178854A JP 4936803 B2 JP4936803 B2 JP 4936803B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
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- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Landscapes
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Bedding Items (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Description
本発明は、医療用積層編地、それを用いた手術衣、それを用いた手術用資材に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a medical laminated knitted fabric, a surgical garment using the same, and a surgical material using the same.
従来から、手術衣、手術用資材などの生地として、バクテリアバリア性及び耐湿熱性を有するフィルムと、紡績糸からなる編物とを積層した積層生地（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、ポリエステル系長繊維織編物の上にポリウレタン系樹脂フィルムが非全面状に積層された生地（例えば、特許文献２参照）などが提案されている。手術用資材としては、手術包布、マスク、シーツ、手術用具をパッケージするための袋などが挙げられる。 Conventionally, as fabrics for surgical gowns, surgical materials, etc., laminated fabrics in which a film having bacterial barrier properties and moisture and heat resistance and a knitted fabric made of spun yarn are laminated (for example, see Patent Document 1), polyester-based long fibers A fabric (for example, see Patent Document 2) in which a polyurethane-based resin film is laminated in a non-whole shape on a woven or knitted fabric has been proposed. Surgical materials include surgical wrapping, masks, sheets, bags for packaging surgical tools, and the like.
これらの生地は、過酷な洗濯・滅菌処理に対して優れた耐久性を発揮し、手術中の体液や血液を媒介とする二次感染を抑制しうるに留まらず、吸汗性にも優れるという作用効果を奏する。そのため、これらの生地は、上記の手術衣、手術用資材はもちろん、医療用テキスタイル全般に使用しうる。
しかしながら、上記の生地に共通する問題点として、伸縮性に劣るという欠点がある。これによって、手術の際の細かい作業を阻害することがある。これに対処するために、フィルムに積層する編地として、伸縮性に優れた丸編地を採用すればよいと考えられるが、丸編地は、編地の柔軟性及びドレープ性が高すぎるため、使用者にかえって重量感を与えてしまうという問題がある。 However, as a problem common to the above-mentioned fabric, there is a drawback that it is inferior in stretchability. This may hinder fine work during surgery. In order to cope with this, it is considered that a circular knitted fabric excellent in stretchability should be adopted as the knitted fabric laminated on the film. However, the circular knitted fabric is too flexible and draped. There is a problem that it gives a feeling of weight to the user.
さらに、特許文献１に記載された積層生地においては、紡績糸からなる編物が使用されているため、この紡績糸から浮遊繊維が発せられることが皆無ではなく、もし発せられると、その浮遊繊維が患部へ付着するおそれがあり、その点について改善の余地がある。また、特許文献２に記載された生地においては、フィルムの片面にしか生地が積層されていないため、洗濯を繰り返すうちにフィルムにおける反対側の表面が徐々に傷つくおそれがあり、ある程度以上の傷が生じると、その傷に雑菌が残留するだけでなく、その傷から患部の血液が進入する恐れもあり、同様に改善の余地がある。 Furthermore, in the laminated fabric described in Patent Document 1, since a knitted fabric made of spun yarn is used, there is no possibility that floating fibers are emitted from the spun yarn. There is a risk of adhering to the affected area, and there is room for improvement in this regard. In addition, in the fabric described in Patent Document 2, since the fabric is laminated only on one side of the film, there is a possibility that the surface on the opposite side of the film is gradually damaged during repeated washing, and there is a certain degree of damage. If this occurs, not only bacteria may remain in the wound, but blood in the affected area may enter from the wound, and there is room for improvement as well.
そこで本発明は、伸縮性に優れるとともに、洗濯・滅菌処理に対する耐久性に優れ、しかも快適に使用できる医療用の積層編地を提供することを技術的な課題とするものである。 Accordingly, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide a medical laminated knitted fabric that is excellent in stretchability, is excellent in durability against washing and sterilization treatment, and can be used comfortably.
本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究の結果、本発明に到達した。
すなわち、本発明の要旨は下記の通りである。
（１）バクテリアバリア性及び耐熱耐久性を有するフィルムの両面にポリエステルフィラメント仮撚捲縮加工糸を用いたアトラス組織のトリコット編地が貼り合わされており、経方向の伸長率が３％以上、緯方向の伸長率が５％以上であり、伸長回復率が９０％以上であり、目付けが２３０ｇ／ｍ２以下であり、湿熱滅菌洗濯１００洗後における経緯方向の収縮率が共に１５％以下であることを特徴とする医療用積層編地。
The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A tricot knitted fabric of atlas structure using polyester filament false twist crimped yarn is bonded to both sides of a film having bacterial barrier properties and heat resistance durability, and the elongation in the warp direction is 3% or more. The elongation rate in the direction is 5% or more, the elongation recovery rate is 90% or more, the basis weight is 230 g / m 2 or less, and the shrinkage rate in the weft direction after washing with 100% wet heat sterilization is 15 % or less. This is a medical laminated knitted fabric.
（２）帯電電荷密度が７μＣ／ｍ２以下であることを特徴とする（１）の医療用積層編地。 ( 2 ) The medical laminated knitted fabric according to (1) , wherein the charged charge density is 7 μC / m 2 or less.
（３）上記（１）または（２）の医療用積層編地にて形成されていることを特徴とする手術衣。 ( 3 ) A surgical garment characterized by being formed with the medical laminated knitted fabric of (1) or (2) .
（４）上記（１）または（２）の医療用積層編地にて形成されていることを特徴とする手術用資材。 ( 4 ) A surgical material, characterized by being formed from the medical laminated knitted fabric of (1) or (2) .
本発明の医療用積層編地は、バクテリアバリア性及び耐熱耐久性を有するフィルムの両面にポリエステルフィラメント仮撚捲縮加工糸を用いたアトラス組織のトリコット編地が貼り合わされており、経方向の伸長率が３％以上、緯方向の伸長率が５％以上であり、伸長回復率が９０％以上であり、目付けが２３０ｇ／ｍ２以下であり、湿熱滅菌洗濯１００洗後における経緯方向の収縮率が共に１５％以下であることで、伸縮性に優れるとともに、洗濯・滅菌処理に対する耐久性に優れる。また、使用者に重量感を与えることが少ないため、快適に使用することができる。 The medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention has a tricot knitted fabric of an atlas structure using a polyester filament false twist crimped yarn bonded to both sides of a film having bacterial barrier properties and heat resistance, and stretch in the warp direction. Rate is 3% or more, elongation rate in the weft direction is 5% or more, elongation recovery rate is 90% or more, basis weight is 230 g / m 2 or less, shrinkage rate in the weft direction after 100 washings with wet heat sterilization Are both 15 % or less, it has excellent stretchability and excellent durability against washing and sterilization. Moreover, since it does not give a feeling of weight to a user, it can be used comfortably.
本発明の医療用積層編地は、医療用テキスタイル全般に使用しうるものであるが、特に手術衣及び手術用資材に好適に使用できるものである。 The medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention can be used for all medical textiles, but can be suitably used particularly for surgical gowns and surgical materials.
次に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の医療用積層編地に用いられるポリエステルフィラメント糸の原料としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどがあげられる。中でも、滅菌処理時の耐熱性や色相維持を重視する場合はポリエチレンテレフタレートを採用することが、また伸縮性や洗濯時における耐アルカリ加水分解性を考慮する場合はポリブチレンテレフタレートを採用することが、それぞれ好ましい。フィラメント糸を構成するポリマーの重合度の向上や末端基の封鎖等によっても、耐アルカリ加水分解性を向上させることが可能である。
Next, the present invention will be described in detail.
Examples of the raw material for the polyester filament yarn used in the medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention include polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate. Among them, polyethylene terephthalate is adopted when emphasizing heat resistance and hue maintenance during sterilization treatment, and polybutylene terephthalate is adopted when considering stretchability and alkali hydrolysis resistance during washing. Each is preferred. Alkali hydrolysis resistance can also be improved by improving the degree of polymerization of the polymer constituting the filament yarn or blocking the end groups.
本発明においては、フィラメント糸を使用する。紡績糸を用いると、紡績糸の浮遊繊維が患部へ付着する場合があるためである。また、編地の伸縮性向上を図る上でも、紡績糸に比べフィラメント糸が有利である。 In the present invention, filament yarn is used. This is because if the spun yarn is used, the suspended fiber of the spun yarn may adhere to the affected area. In addition, filament yarn is more advantageous than spun yarn in order to improve the stretchability of the knitted fabric.
フィラメント糸の形態としては、加工糸であることが必要である。これは、加工糸は一般に嵩高であるため、生糸に比べフィルムを覆う効果に優れ、フィルムを洗濯時のダメージから守る効果が高いことによる。本発明においては、加工糸の中でも特に捲縮加工された加工糸であることが必要である。これは、上記の効果に加え、積層編地の伸縮性、寸法安定性などをより向上させることができるからである。つまり、捲縮加工糸を用いることによって、生地の伸縮性がより向上し、加えて、フィルムとの積層加工時に接着樹脂の浸透がより強くなり、剥離強力が向上するという利点がある。 The form of the filament yarn needs to be a processed yarn. This is because processed yarns are generally bulky, and are therefore more effective in covering the film than raw yarns, and are highly effective in protecting the film from damage during washing. In the present invention, it is necessary that the processed yarn is a crimped processed yarn. This is because, in addition to the above effects, the stretchability and dimensional stability of the laminated knitted fabric can be further improved. That is, by using the crimped yarn, the stretchability of the fabric is further improved, and in addition, there is an advantage that the penetration of the adhesive resin becomes stronger at the time of lamination with the film, and the peel strength is improved.
加工糸を得る方法としては、仮撚加工法を採用することが必要である。 As a method of obtaining a textured yarn, it is necessary to adopt a false twisting method.
フィルムの両面に貼り合わされる編地は、このフィルムを保護するためのものであるから、表面に大きい空隙部を有しないことが重要である。このために、トリコット編地であることが必要がある。 Since the knitted fabric bonded to both surfaces of the film is for protecting the film, it is important that the surface does not have a large void. For this reason, it needs to be a tricot knitted fabric.
また、編地組織としては、アトラス組織であることが必要である。また、編地組織として、鎖編組織（１−０／０−１）を含まないことが好ましい。鎖編組織は、トリコットの基本組織中で最もランナー長が短く、組織として単純であるため、編地を薄くすることが可能であるが、鎖編組織を含む場合、生地の伸縮が大きく制限され、手術時の作業性に支障を来たす恐れがあるからである。特に最外層にこの組織を用いた場合には顕著に伸縮性が低下するからである。 Further, the knitted fabric organization needs to be an atlas organization . Moreover, it is preferable that a chain structure (1-0 / 0-1) is not included as a knitted fabric structure. The chain stitch structure has the shortest runner length among the tricot basic structures and is simple as a structure, so it is possible to make the knitted fabric thin. However, when the chain stitch structure is included, the stretch of the fabric is greatly restricted. This is because there is a risk that the workability during the operation may be hindered. In particular, when this structure is used for the outermost layer, the stretchability is remarkably lowered.
フィルム保護の観点から、フィルムの両面に編地を積層することが重要である。フィルムの片面のみに編地を積層しただけの場合は、積層していない側のフィルム面が、着用時や、洗濯・滅菌時に傷つきやすく、そこから患部の血液等が進入する恐れがあり、加えて、加熱滅菌時にフィルム面同士が貼り付いて、破れや剥離を引き起こす懸念がある。 From the viewpoint of film protection, it is important to laminate knitted fabrics on both sides of the film. If the knitted fabric is only laminated on one side of the film, the non-laminated side of the film is easily damaged when worn, washed or sterilized, and blood from the affected area may enter from there. Then, there is a concern that the film surfaces stick to each other during heat sterilization and cause tearing or peeling.
本発明におけるバクテリアバリア性及び耐熱耐久性を有するフィルムとしては、前述の特許文献１などに記載された公知のものを用いることができる。このようなフィルムの素材として、具体的には、特許文献１に記載のように、ポリカーボネートポリウレタン系樹脂、シリコーンポリウレタン系樹脂、クロロスルフォン化ポリエチレン系樹脂等が挙げられる。中でも、耐熱性、洗濯・滅菌耐久性、伸縮性等を考慮すると、ポリカーボネートポリウレタン系樹脂が好ましい。 As the film having bacterial barrier properties and heat durability in the present invention, known films described in the aforementioned Patent Document 1 and the like can be used. Specific examples of such a film material include polycarbonate polyurethane resins, silicone polyurethane resins, chlorosulfonated polyethylene resins, and the like, as described in Patent Document 1. Among these, in view of heat resistance, washing / sterilization durability, stretchability, etc., a polycarbonate polyurethane resin is preferable.
フィルムと編地とを接着するための接着樹脂については、従来から公知の樹脂が使用可能である。中でも、ウレタン系接着樹脂が好ましく、特にポリカーボネートポリオールまたはポリテトラメチレングリコールポリオールを主成分とする二液型ウレタン系接着樹脂がより好ましい。 Conventionally known resins can be used as the adhesive resin for bonding the film and the knitted fabric. Of these, urethane-based adhesive resins are preferable, and two-component urethane-based adhesive resins mainly composed of polycarbonate polyol or polytetramethylene glycol polyol are more preferable.
編地とフィルムとの積層接着を行う場合には、特許文献１に記載のように、離型紙を用いた公知の方法で接着を行うことができる。すなわち、離型紙にフィルム材料をコーティングしてフィルムを形成し、フィルム表面に接着樹脂による接着剤層を積層し、さらに編地を積層して熱プレスなどを施すことにより、編地とフィルムとの積層接着を行って積層編地を得ることができる。これをフィルムの両面について施す。このとき、生地の剥離強力を考慮すると、接着樹脂を全面に塗布して接着を行うのが好ましいが、積層した生地の柔軟性が求められる場合には、片面側、特に手術衣等の衣料用途の場合には内側となる肌側の接着を、ドット状の部分接着にすることによって、耐久性を落とさずに柔軟性を向上することが可能になる。 When laminating and bonding the knitted fabric and the film, as described in Patent Document 1, bonding can be performed by a known method using a release paper. That is, a film material is coated on a release paper to form a film, an adhesive layer made of an adhesive resin is laminated on the film surface, a knitted fabric is further laminated, and a hot press or the like is performed. Laminate bonding can be performed to obtain a laminated knitted fabric. This is done on both sides of the film. At this time, in consideration of the peel strength of the fabric, it is preferable to apply the adhesive resin to the entire surface to perform adhesion, but when flexibility of the laminated fabric is required, one side, especially for clothing such as surgical clothing In this case, it is possible to improve flexibility without degrading durability by making the adhesion on the inner skin side into a dot-like partial adhesion.
編地における積層接着を行う面は、アンダーラップ側、ループ側どちら側でもよく、どちら側にするかは、使用する編地の組織や求める機能（吸水性・撥水性等）によって判断するのが最良である。一般的には、編地の耐摩耗性を考慮して、編地におけるアンダーラップ側を接着してループ側を表側に使用するのが好ましい。しかし、吸水加工を施して吸水量を求める場合などにおいては、ループ側を接着してアンダーラップ側を表に使用しても構わない。 The surface of the knitted fabric that is laminated and bonded may be on either the underlap side or the loop side, and which side is determined by the structure of the knitted fabric to be used and the desired function (water absorption, water repellency, etc.). Is the best. In general, in consideration of the abrasion resistance of the knitted fabric, it is preferable to bond the underlap side of the knitted fabric and use the loop side on the front side. However, when the water absorption amount is obtained by performing water absorption processing, the loop side may be bonded and the underlap side may be used as a table.
積層編地の目付は、２３０ｇ／ｍ２以下であることが必要で、特に手術衣等の医療用被服に使用する際には、２００ｇ／ｍ２以下であることが好ましい。２３０ｇ／ｍ２を超えると、手術衣等の医療用被服に使用した際に、重量が大きく、手術時の疲労を増す原因となる懸念がある。 The basis weight of the laminated knitted fabric is required to be 230 g / m 2 or less, and particularly 200 g / m 2 or less when used for medical clothing such as a surgical garment. When it exceeds 230 g / m 2 , when used for medical clothing such as a surgical gown, there is a concern that the weight is large and causes fatigue during surgery.
積層編地の伸長率は、経方向で３％以上、緯方向で５％以上であることが必要であり、好ましくは、経方向で４〜１５％、緯方向で６〜４０％である。経方向は手術衣における着丈の方向であるため、伸び過ぎると却って着心地が低下する。これに対し緯方向は身体を動かす方向であるため、上述のように経方向よりも伸長率が高い方が好都合である。伸長率が上記範囲から外れると、手術の作業性が低下することが懸念される。なお、本発明によれば、トリコット編地を用いるものであるため、経方向で伸長率が低く、緯方向ではそれよりも伸長率が高い積層編地を容易に得ることができる。 The stretch rate of the laminated knitted fabric needs to be 3% or more in the warp direction and 5% or more in the weft direction, preferably 4 to 15% in the warp direction and 6 to 40% in the weft direction. Since the warp direction is the direction of the length of the surgical gown, if it stretches too much, the comfort is reduced. On the other hand, since the weft direction is the direction in which the body is moved, it is advantageous that the elongation rate is higher than the warp direction as described above. When the elongation rate is out of the above range, there is a concern that the workability of the operation is lowered. In addition, according to this invention, since a tricot knitted fabric is used, it is possible to easily obtain a laminated knitted fabric having a low elongation rate in the warp direction and a higher elongation rate in the weft direction.
伸長率を上記の範囲にするためには、編目の粗さや編糸の繊度や編組織などを適宜にコントロールすればよい。たとえば、編目が適度に詰まっていることで、伸長率を高くすることができる。編目が粗すぎると、大半の編糸が接着樹脂によってフィルムに張り付いてしまい、伸長率を向上させることが困難となる。編目が細かすぎても、編糸が詰まり過ぎて各編糸の動きを阻害することになって、同様に伸長率を向上させることが困難となる。 In order to set the elongation ratio within the above range, the roughness of the stitch, the fineness of the knitting yarn, the knitting structure, and the like may be appropriately controlled. For example, the stretch rate can be increased by appropriately stitching the stitches. If the stitches are too rough, most of the knitting yarns stick to the film with the adhesive resin, making it difficult to improve the elongation. Even if the stitch is too fine, the knitting yarn is too clogged and hinders the movement of each knitting yarn, and it is difficult to improve the elongation rate.
積層編地は、ＪＩＳ−Ｌ−１０１８に準じて測定した、荷重１４．７Ｎ時の伸長率に対して８０％の割合を伸長させた際の伸長回復率が、経方向・緯方向ともに９０％以上であることが必要であり、９０〜９９％であることが好ましい。伸長回復率が９０％未満の場合は、伸長した部分が薄くなって弱化してしまい、着用中もしくは洗濯中にその弱化した部分に破れや剥離を生じる恐れがある。加えて、編地が伸びた状態になってしまうことから着用時のフィット感が劣り、また重さをより感じやすくなって疲労感が増加する場合がある。 The layered knitted fabric has an elongation recovery rate of 90% in both the warp direction and the weft direction as measured according to JIS-L-1018 and stretched at a rate of 80% with respect to the elongation rate at a load of 14.7N. It is necessary to be above, and 90 to 99% is preferable. When the elongation recovery rate is less than 90%, the stretched portion becomes thin and weakened, and the weakened portion may be broken or peeled off during wearing or washing. In addition, since the knitted fabric is in an extended state, the fit at the time of wearing is inferior, and the weight is more easily felt, which may increase the feeling of fatigue.
伸長回復率を９０％以上とするためには、伸長率の場合と同様に、編目の粗さや編糸の繊度や編組織などを適宜にコントロールすればよい。
本発明の積層編地は、編地を用いることによって、その伸縮性が飛躍的に向上する。加えて、フィルムとの積層加工を考慮した場合、織物や不織布と比較して、編地とフィルムとを接着するための接着樹脂が編地の編目に浸透することで、剥離強力が向上し、より強固な接着が可能となる。このことによって、洗濯・滅菌時に編地の剥離を防ぐことが可能になる。
In order to set the elongation recovery rate to 90% or more, as with the elongation rate, the roughness of the stitches, the fineness of the knitting yarn, the knitting structure, and the like may be appropriately controlled.
The stretchability of the laminated knitted fabric of the present invention is dramatically improved by using the knitted fabric. In addition, when considering the lamination process with the film, the adhesive strength for bonding the knitted fabric and the film penetrates into the knitted fabric of the knitted fabric, and the peel strength is improved, Stronger adhesion is possible. This makes it possible to prevent the knitted fabric from peeling off during washing and sterilization.
積層編地の帯電電荷密度は、７．０μＣ／ｍ２以下であることが好ましく、０．１〜４．０μＣ／ｍ２であることがより好ましい。これにより、医療用の精密機器に対する静電気の悪影響を除外することが可能になる。このような性能を具現するには、積層する編地内に導電性繊維を含ませればよい。具体的には、導電性繊維を１〜２本／ｃｍ程度、編地内に配列させればよい。 The charge density of the laminated knitted fabric is preferably 7.0 μC / m 2 or less, and more preferably 0.1 to 4.0 μC / m 2 . This makes it possible to eliminate the adverse effects of static electricity on medical precision equipment. In order to realize such performance, conductive fibers may be included in the knitted fabric to be laminated. Specifically, conductive fibers may be arranged in the knitted fabric at about 1 to 2 / cm.
積層編地は、手術衣外側での使用時の感染防御性を重視する用途の場合には撥水加工を施すことで、また、資材用途や肌側の吸汗性を重視する用途の場合には吸水加工を施すことで、より効果が向上する。なお、編地−フィルム−編地の３層積層編地の片面を撥水加工することによって、生地の防水性能や剥離強力をより強固に維持することができる。 Laminated knitted fabric is treated with water repellent for applications that emphasize infection protection when used on the outside of surgical gowns, and for applications that emphasize material sweat absorption. The effect is further improved by applying water absorption processing. It should be noted that the waterproof performance and peel strength of the fabric can be more firmly maintained by subjecting one side of the knitted fabric-film-knitted fabric to a water-repellent finish.
本発明では、積層編地を用いて手術衣や手術用資材を作製することができる。この場合、積層編地を患部に近接する箇所のみに部分的に用いてもよい。例えば、手術衣の場合は、身体の前面部及び腕部に本発明の積層編地を用い、他の部分には通常の耐久撥水加工された高密度布帛等を用いる方法もある。同様に、手術用資材の場合には、患部周辺に本発明の積層編地を用い、患部から離れた部分には通常の耐久撥水加工された高密度布帛等を用いる方法もある。 In the present invention, a surgical garment and a surgical material can be produced using a laminated knitted fabric. In this case, the laminated knitted fabric may be partially used only at a location close to the affected area. For example, in the case of a surgical garment, there is a method in which the laminated knitted fabric of the present invention is used for the front part and arm part of the body, and a high-density fabric or the like subjected to normal durable water-repellent processing is used for the other parts. Similarly, in the case of surgical materials, there is also a method in which the laminated knitted fabric of the present invention is used around the affected area, and a normal high-density fabric having a durable water-repellent finish is used in a part away from the affected area.
本発明の医療用積層編地は、洗濯・滅菌によって繰り返しの使用が可能である。繰り返し使用性を確認する際の洗濯・滅菌の条件としては、ワッシャー型洗濯機を用い、温度７０℃、ｐＨ９、浴比すなわち（洗濯物質量）：（洗濯水質量）＝１：３０、洗剤１ｇ／Ｌで２０分処理した後、オートクレーブを用いて１２１℃で１５分湿熱滅菌処理を行う工程を１回とする。本発明の医療用積層編地においては、この処理を１００回繰り返した後の収縮率が経方向・緯方向共に１５％以内であることが必要である。本発明の医療用積層編地は、ポリエステルフィラメント糸を用いているため、上記の洗濯・滅菌処理を１００回行っても、収縮率を２０％以内に収めることができるのみならず、積層編地の剥離や破れが生じないという性能を保持することもできる。 The medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention can be used repeatedly by washing and sterilization. As conditions for washing and sterilization when confirming repeated usability, a washer type washing machine was used, temperature 70 ° C., pH 9, bath ratio, ie (amount of washing substance): (mass of washing water) = 1: 30, detergent 1 g After 20 minutes of treatment with / L, a process of performing heat and humidity sterilization at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes using an autoclave is defined as one time. In the medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention, it is necessary that the shrinkage rate after repeating this treatment 100 times is within 15% in both the warp direction and the weft direction. Since the medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention uses polyester filament yarn, not only can the shrinkage rate be kept within 20% even when the washing and sterilization treatment is performed 100 times, but also the laminated knitted fabric. It is also possible to maintain the performance that no peeling or tearing occurs.
本発明の医療用積層編地は、伸縮性に優れ、このため手術衣とした場合には神経を使う細かい作業の作業性が格段に向上し、手術時の集中力維持や疲労軽減にも効果を発する。また、洗濯・滅菌を施して繰り返し使用することが可能であり、このため廃棄の頻度が低下することで環境負荷を低減することができる。かつ、これと同時に、滅菌処理を行うことが前提となっていることから、外部への感染予防に役立つ。加えて、バクテリアバリアフィルムを積層することによって感染防御性が向上し、フィラメントの使用により発塵性が抑えられる。 The medical laminated knitted fabric of the present invention is excellent in stretchability, and therefore, when used as a surgical gown, the workability of fine work using nerves is greatly improved, and it is also effective in maintaining concentration and reducing fatigue during surgery To emit. Moreover, it can be repeatedly used after being washed and sterilized. For this reason, the environmental load can be reduced by reducing the frequency of disposal. At the same time, it is assumed that sterilization is performed, which is useful for preventing external infection. In addition, laminating a bacterial barrier film improves infection protection, and the use of filaments reduces dust generation.
次に実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。なお、下記の実施例、比較例における各種性能の評価は、下記の方法で行った。 Next, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. The various performances in the following examples and comparative examples were evaluated by the following methods.
〔洗濯・滅菌耐久性〕
ワッシャー型洗濯機を用い、経５０ｃｍ×緯５０ｃｍの積層生地を、温度７０℃、ｐＨ９、浴比１：３０、洗剤１ｇ／Ｌで２０分洗濯処理した後、常温の水で４分×５回すすぎを行い、脱水・乾燥後、オートクレーブを用いて１２１℃で１５分湿熱滅菌処理を行う工程を１回とした。この処理を１００回繰り返した後の積層生地の寸法変化率を測定するとともに、剥離・破れの有無を目視で確認して評価した。寸法変化率は、伸びた場合は「＋」の符号を付し、縮んだ場合は「−」の符号を付した。
[Washing and sterilization durability]
Using a washer type washing machine, laminating fabric of warp 50cm x weft 50cm was washed for 20 minutes at a temperature of 70 ° C, pH 9, bath ratio of 1:30, detergent 1g / L for 20 minutes, then at room temperature for 4 minutes x 5 times The process of rinsing, dehydrating and drying, followed by wet heat sterilization at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes using an autoclave was taken as one time. While measuring the dimensional change rate of the laminated fabric after repeating this treatment 100 times, the presence or absence of peeling / breaking was visually confirmed and evaluated. The dimensional change rate was given a “+” sign when expanded, and a “−” sign when shrunk.
〔伸縮性〕
ＪＩＳ−Ｌ−１０１８ 伸長率（定速伸長法）、及び伸長回復率（定速伸長法）に準じて測定を行い、荷重１４．７Ｎ時の伸長率と、荷重１４．７Ｎ時の伸長率に対して８０％の割合を伸長させた際の伸長回復率とを、％で示した。
[Elasticity]
Measured according to JIS-L-1018 stretch rate (constant speed stretch method) and stretch recovery rate (constant speed stretch method), the stretch rate at load 14.7N and stretch rate at load 14.7N The elongation recovery rate when the ratio of 80% was elongated with respect to% was shown by%.
〔発塵性〕
ＪＩＳ−Ｂ−９９２３ クリーンルーム用衣服の汚染粒子測定方法に準じて測定を行い、測定布１ｍ２あたりの０．５μｍ以上５μｍ未満の粒子の発生個数で評価した。
[Dust generation]
Measurement was performed according to the method for measuring contaminant particles in clothes for clean room JIS-B-9923, and evaluation was performed based on the number of generated particles of 0.5 μm or more and less than 5 μm per 1 m 2 of the measurement cloth.
〔帯電電荷密度〕
ＪＩＳ−Ｌ−１０９４ 帯電電荷密度測定（生地評価）に準じて測定を行った。その結果を、単位：μＣ／ｍ２で示した。
(Charge charge density)
Measurement was performed according to JIS-L-1094 charged charge density measurement (fabric evaluation). The results are shown in unit: μC / m 2 .
〔着用感〕
積層編地を用いて手術衣を作製し、これを着用して術時と同様に身体を動かした際の着用感を、作業性及び疲労度の観点から判断し、３段階評価（○：作業性良好である、△：作業性に気になる点がある、×：作業性不良である）を行った。
[A feeling of wearing]
A surgical garment is made using a laminated knitted fabric, and wearing feeling is judged from the viewpoint of workability and fatigue degree when the body is moved in the same manner as at the time of surgery. Good: Δ: There are points where workability is a concern, x: poor workability).
（比較例１）
２８ゲージトリコット編機を用いて、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメント３３デシテックス１２フィラメントにポリエチレンテレフタレート導電性フィラメント２８デシテックス２フィラメントを２本／吋のピッチで経方向に配列した、フロント筬組織１−２／１−０、バック筬組織１−０／２−３のトリコットハーフ編地を編立し、公知の加工工程にて染色加工を実施し、編地密度３８ウエール／吋×５５コース／吋のトリコット編地を作製した。ポリプロピレン製押出ラミネート離型紙を用いて、その表面に膜厚２０μｍのポリカーボネートポリウレタンフィルムを形成した。このフィルムに、上述したトリコット編地のアンダーラップ側を、ポリカーボネートポリオール樹脂に芳香族系ポリイソシアネート架橋剤とアミン系促進剤を加えた接着樹脂を用いて接着し、２層積層編地を作製した。接着条件として、温度１００℃×線圧１．５ｋｇ／ｃｍで加圧接着し、常温下で４８時間放置・熟成した。次に、この２層積層編地から離型紙を剥離し、その剥離側のフィルム面に、上述と同じ他のトリコット編地のアンダーラップ側を、同様の接着樹脂を用いて同条件にて加圧接着を行い、常温下で４８時間放置・熟成して、３層積層編地を作製した。この３層積層編地の両耳端をカットして巾を揃えた後、編地両面の表側にフッ素系撥水剤を用いて撥水加工を行い、目付１６５ｇ／ｍ２の医療用３層積層編地を得た。
( Comparative Example 1 )
Using a 28 gauge tricot knitting machine, polyethylene terephthalate filaments 33 decitex 12 filaments, polyethylene terephthalate conductive filaments 28 decitex 2 filaments arranged in the warp direction at a pitch of 2 pieces / 吋, 1-2 / 1-0 Knitting a tricot half knitted fabric with a back ridge structure 1-0 / 2-3, and performing a dyeing process in a known processing process to obtain a tricot knitted fabric with a knitted fabric density of 38 wale / 吋 × 55 course / 吋Produced. A polycarbonate polyurethane film having a film thickness of 20 μm was formed on the surface of the extruded laminate release paper made of polypropylene. To this film, the underlap side of the above-described tricot knitted fabric was bonded using an adhesive resin obtained by adding an aromatic polyisocyanate crosslinking agent and an amine-based accelerator to a polycarbonate polyol resin, thereby producing a two-layer laminated knitted fabric. . As bonding conditions, pressure bonding was performed at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a linear pressure of 1.5 kg / cm, and the mixture was left and aged at room temperature for 48 hours. Next, the release paper is peeled from the two-layer laminated knitted fabric, and the underlap side of the other tricot knitted fabric same as described above is applied to the peeled film surface under the same conditions using the same adhesive resin. Pressure bonding was performed, and the mixture was left and aged at room temperature for 48 hours to prepare a three-layer laminated knitted fabric. After cutting both ear ends of this three-layer laminated knitted fabric to make the width uniform, water repellent processing is performed on the front side of both sides of the knitted fabric using a fluorine-based water repellent, and a medical three-layer with a basis weight of 165 g / m 2 A laminated knitted fabric was obtained.
（比較例２）
２８ゲージトリコット編機を用い、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメント５６デシテックス９６フィラメントを用いて、フロント筬組織１−２／１−０、バック筬組織１−０／２−３のトリコットハーフ編地を編立し、公知の加工工程にて染色加工を実施し、編地密度４８ウエール／吋×４７コース／吋のトリコットハーフ編地を作製した。上記比較例１に記載の２層積層編地のフィルムにおける剥離紙を剥離した面に、このトリコットハーフ編地のアンダーラップ側を、比較例１記載の条件で加圧接着し、常温下で４８時間放置・熟成して、３層積層編地を作製した。この３層積層編地の両耳端をカットして巾を揃えた後、生地の両表面に吸水加工を行い、目付２１７ｇ／ｍ２の医療用３層積層編地を得た。
( Comparative Example 2 )
Using a 28-gauge tricot knitting machine, using a polyethylene terephthalate filament 56 dtex 96 filament, knitting a tricot half knitted fabric with a front collar structure 1-2 / 1-0 and a back collar structure 1-0 / 2-3, Dyeing was carried out in a known processing step to produce a tricot half knitted fabric with a knitted fabric density of 48 wale / 吋 × 47 course / 吋. The underlap side of the tricot half knitted fabric was pressure-bonded under the conditions described in Comparative Example 1 to the surface of the two-layer laminated knitted fabric film described in Comparative Example 1 on which the release paper was peeled off, and the temperature was 48 at room temperature. A three-layer laminated knitted fabric was produced by standing for a while and aging. After the ends of both ears of this three-layer laminated knitted fabric were cut and the width was made uniform, water absorption processing was performed on both surfaces of the fabric to obtain a medical three-layer laminated knitted fabric having a basis weight of 217 g / m 2 .
（実施例１）
２８ゲージトリコット編機を用い、ポリブチレンテレフタレートフィラメント仮撚捲縮加工糸５６デシテックス２４フィラメントにポリエチレンテレフタレート導電性フィラメント２８デシテックス２フィラメントを２本／吋のピッチで経方向に配列した、組織１−０／１−２／２−３／２−１のトリコットシングルアトラス編地を編立し、公知の加工工程にて染色加工を実施し、編地密度４０ウエール／吋×７０コース／吋のトリコット編地を作製した。この編地を両面に用いて比較例１と同様に３層積層編地を作製し、両耳端をカットして巾を揃えた後、生地の両表面に撥水加工を行い、目付１６１ｇ／ｍ２の医療用３層積層編地を得た。
( Example 1 )
Using a 28 gauge tricot knitting machine, polybutylene terephthalate filament false twist crimped yarn 56 dtex 24 filaments, polyethylene terephthalate conductive filaments 28 dtex 2 filaments arranged in the warp direction at a pitch of 2 strands / 吋, organization 1-0 / 1-2 / 2-3 / 2-1 tricot single atlas knitted fabric, dyed in a known processing process, knitted fabric density 40 wale / ウ x 70 courses / ７０ tricot The ground was made. Using this knitted fabric on both sides, a three-layer laminated knitted fabric was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and both ear ends were cut and the width was made uniform. Then, water repellent treatment was performed on both surfaces of the fabric, and the basis weight was 161 g / An m 2 medical three-layer laminated knitted fabric was obtained.
（比較例３）
ウォータージェットルーム織機を用い、経糸・緯糸共に、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメント８４デシテックス７２フィラメントにポリエチレンテレフタレート導電性フィラメント２８デシテックス２フィラメントを２本／吋のピッチで配列した平織物を製織し、公知の加工工程にて染色加工を実施し、生地密度が経１６０本／吋×緯１００本／吋の織物生地を作製した。この生地を両面に用いて比較例１と同様に３層積層生地を作製し、両耳端をカットして巾を揃えた後、生地の両表面に撥水加工を行い、目付２３０ｇ／ｍ２の医療用３層積層生地を得た。
( Comparative Example 3 )
Using a water jet loom, weaving a plain woven fabric in which both warp and weft are polyethylene terephthalate filaments 84 dtex 72 filaments, polyethylene terephthalate conductive filaments 28 dtex 2 filaments arranged at a pitch of 2 strands / に, The fabric was dyed to produce a woven fabric having a fabric density of 160 warps / 吋 × 100 wefts / 吋. Using this cloth on both sides, a three-layer laminated cloth was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and both ends of the cloth were cut to make the width uniform, and then water repellent treatment was performed on both surfaces of the cloth, resulting in a basis weight of 230 g / m 2. A three-layer laminated fabric for medical use was obtained.
（比較例４）
比較例１に比べ、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメントのトータル繊度を５６デシテックス２４フィラメントに変え、並びに、編地密度を４５ウエール／吋×７０コースに変えた。そして、それ以外は比較例１と同様にして、目付２２０ｇ／ｍ２の医療用３層積層編地を得た。
( Comparative Example 4 )
Compared to Comparative Example 1 , the total fineness of the polyethylene terephthalate filaments was changed to 56 dtex 24 filaments, and the knitted fabric density was changed to 45 wale / 吋 × 70 course. And otherwise, it carried out similarly to the comparative example 1, and obtained the medical 3 layer laminated knitted fabric of 220 g / m < 2 > of fabric weight.
（比較例５）
エアージェットルーム織機を用い、経糸・緯糸共に、ポリエステル短繊維よりなる芯層が３０質量％、綿繊維よりなる鞘層が７０質量％の複重層紡績糸３０番単糸を用いて平織物を製織した。そして、公知の加工工程にて染色加工を施し、生地密度が経１２０本／吋×緯６５本／吋の織物生地を作製した。この生地に、膜厚２０μｍのポリカーボネートポリウレタンフィルムを、ポリカーボネートポリオール樹脂に芳香族系ポリイソシアネート架橋剤とアミン系促進剤を加えた接着樹脂を用いて、温度１００℃×線圧１．５ｋｇ／ｃｍの条件で加圧接着した。そして、常温下で４８時間放置・熟成して、目付２００ｇ／ｍ２の医療用２層積層生地を得た。
( Comparative Example 5 )
Using an air jet loom, weaving a plain woven fabric using both the warp and weft yarns, 30 layers of a core layer made of polyester short fibers and 70% by weight of a sheath layer made of cotton fibers. did. Then, a dyeing process was performed in a known processing step, and a woven fabric having a fabric density of warp 120 / 吋 × 65 weft / 吋 was produced. Using this fabric, a polycarbonate polyurethane film having a thickness of 20 μm, and an adhesive resin obtained by adding an aromatic polyisocyanate crosslinking agent and an amine accelerator to a polycarbonate polyol resin, the temperature is 100 ° C. and the linear pressure is 1.5 kg / cm. Pressure bonding was performed under the conditions. Then, it was left and aged at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain a medical two-layer laminated fabric having a basis weight of 200 g / m 2 .
（比較例６）
２８ゲージ丸編機を用い、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメント８４デシテックス７２フィラメント仮撚捲縮加工糸を用いた天竺編物を編立し、公知の加工工程にて染色加工を実施し、編地密度４２ウエール／吋×４７コース／吋の天竺編地を作製した。この編地を両面に用い、それ以外は比較例１と同様にして、３層積層編地を作製した。そして、両耳端をカットして巾を揃えた後、編地の両表面に撥水加工を行い、目付１７０ｇ／ｍ２の医療用３層積層編地を得た。
( Comparative Example 6 )
Using a 28-gauge circular knitting machine, a knitted sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate filament 84 decitex 72 filament false twist crimped yarn is knitted and dyed in a known processing process, resulting in a knitted fabric density of 42 whales / 吋A woven woven fabric of × 47 course / 吋 was prepared. A three-layer laminated knitted fabric was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that this knitted fabric was used on both sides. Then, both ear ends were cut and the width was made uniform, and then both surfaces of the knitted fabric were subjected to water repellent treatment to obtain a medical three-layer laminated knitted fabric having a basis weight of 170 g / m 2 .
実施例１及び比較例１〜６の積層編地、積層生地について、前述した諸性能を評価した。その結果を表１に示す。 The various performances described above were evaluated for the laminated knitted fabrics and laminated fabrics of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 . The results are shown in Table 1.
表１に示す通り、実施例１の積層編地は、洗濯・滅菌耐久性、伸縮性、帯電電荷密度、発塵性の何れにおいても、優秀な成績を示した。着用試験すなわち着用感においても、作業性に優れて高評価が出ており、疲労も少ないものであった。このため、医療用被服・資材用生地として好適であることが実証された。 As shown in Table 1, the laminated knitted fabric of Example 1 showed excellent results in any of washing / sterilization durability, stretchability, charged charge density, and dust generation. Also in the wearing test, that is, the wearing feeling, the workability was excellent and high evaluation was given, and the fatigue was small. For this reason, it was proved that it was suitable as a cloth for medical clothes and materials.
これに対し、比較例３においては本発明のようなトリコット編地ではなく平織物を用いたものであったため、比較例４においては編地密度が高すぎたため、いずれも伸長率が非常に低く、結果として着用感の基準となる作業性が劣ってしまい、疲労度が増すとの結果が出た。特に比較例３では、本発明のようなトリコット編地ではなく平織物を用いたものであったため、生地に対する接着樹脂の浸透が劣り、このため洗濯・滅菌１００回より前に生地の剥離が発生した。 On the other hand, in Comparative Example 3 , since a plain woven fabric was used instead of the tricot knitted fabric as in the present invention, in Comparative Example 4 , the knitted fabric density was too high, and therefore, the elongation rate was very low. As a result, the workability that is the basis of the feeling of wearing is inferior, and the fatigue level is increased. In particular, in Comparative Example 3 , since the plain fabric was used instead of the tricot knitted fabric as in the present invention, the penetration of the adhesive resin into the fabric was inferior, and therefore the fabric peeled before 100 times of washing and sterilization. did.
比較例５は、本発明のようなフィラメント糸を用いたものではなく紡績糸を用いたものであったため、他の比較例よりも着用感は若干良好であったが、比較例３と同様に本発明のようなトリコット編地ではなく平織物を用いたものであったため、同様に生地の伸縮が少ないという欠点があった。また紡績糸を用いたものであったために毛羽が多発し、発塵量が非常に多く、手術時に患部を汚染する懸念があるものであった。加えて、本発明のような３層構造ではなく、フィルムの片側のみに生地を積層しているため、フィルム面の傷発生や、フィルム面同士での貼り付きが見受けられた。 Since Comparative Example 5 was not a filament yarn as in the present invention but a spun yarn, the wearing feeling was slightly better than the other Comparative Examples, but as in Comparative Example 3 Since a plain woven fabric was used instead of the tricot knitted fabric as in the present invention, there was a drawback that the fabric was less stretched. Moreover, since the yarn was made of spun yarn, fluff frequently occurred, the amount of dust generation was very large, and there was a concern of contaminating the affected area during surgery. In addition, since the cloth is laminated only on one side of the film, not the three-layer structure as in the present invention, the generation of scratches on the film surface and the sticking between the film surfaces were observed.
比較例６については、本発明のようなトリコット編地ではなく天竺編地であったため、伸縮性は十分であるものの、寸法変化率が非常に大きく、加えてドレープ性が大きかったため、着用試験において編地の重さが肩に大きく掛かり、疲労度が大きいものであった。 About Comparative Example 6 , since it was not a tricot knitted fabric as in the present invention, but a stretch fabric, the stretchability was sufficient, but the dimensional change rate was very large, and in addition, the drapeability was large. The weight of the knitted fabric was greatly applied to the shoulder, and the degree of fatigue was large.
比較例５及び６は、導電性繊維を繊維中に使用していないため、帯電電荷密度が高く、医療用の精密機器に影響を及ぼす恐れがあるものであった。 In Comparative Examples 5 and 6 , since no conductive fiber was used in the fiber, the charged charge density was high and there was a possibility of affecting medical precision instruments.
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