JP4934777B2 - Internal heat exchange type distillation column and its assembling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention has a structure in which a so-called shell and tube type heat exchanger is formed in a vertical type, and the operation temperature is made different by differentiating the operation pressure between the tube inner side (tube side) and the tube outer side (shell side). The vertical wall of the multi-tube heat exchanger is constructed so that the high-pressure side functions as a concentrating unit and the low-pressure side functions as a recovery unit by transferring heat from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side using the tube wall of each tube as a heat transfer surface. More specifically, the present invention relates to an internal heat exchange distillation column having a plate column outside the tube and a method for assembling the same.

  As an distillation column that excels in energy conservation, a low-pressure column and a high-pressure column are configured to exchange heat between them, and an internal heat exchange type distillation column that does not require heat exchange with others is known. It has been. From the standpoint of promoting energy saving in distillation operation, this internal heat exchange distillation column is of course the principle that is most faithful to energy saving, and it is recognized from the academic viewpoint. By the way.

  In addition, as an internal heat exchange distillation column, a plurality of tubes are connected to the main body cylinder by both end tube plates, so that the inside (tube side) and the outside (shell side) of each pipe are isolated inside the main body cylinder. A gas / liquid inlet / outlet is provided inside and outside the pipe, and the operating temperature is varied by making a difference in the operating pressure between the inside and outside of the pipe. A structure has been proposed in which one distillation column is configured by heat transfer from the side to the low pressure side, with the high pressure side as the concentrating section and the low pressure side as the recovery section (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 5, for example, this internal heat exchange distillation column includes a main body cylinder 101 and a plurality of pipes 125 inserted into the main body cylinder 101 at both ends of the tube plate (upper tube plate (column top tube plate)). 103a and a lower tube sheet (a tower bottom tube sheet) 103b). The pipes 104 and the pipes 105 of each pipe 125 have a structure separated from each other. The pipes 104 serve as a high-pressure side concentrating part, and the pipes 105 serve as a low-pressure side collecting part. Yes. The inside 104 and the outside 105 are both packed towers packed with regular packing.

  Further, at the upper part of the main body cylinder 101, a tower top liquid inlet (recovery part liquid inlet) 106 for supplying liquid to the outside of the pipe (recovery part) 105 and a tower top for extracting steam from the outside of the pipe (recovery part) 105. A steam outlet (recovery section steam outlet) 107 is disposed, and liquid is supplied to the inside of the pipe (concentration section) 104 to the end chamber 114a that communicates with the inside of the pipe (concentration section) 104 above the upper tube plate 103a. A concentrating part liquid inlet 108 is disposed for the purpose of this operation, and a concentrating part steam outlet 109 for extracting steam from the pipe (concentrating part) 104 is provided.

  On the other hand, a recovery unit steam inlet 110 for supplying steam to the outside of the tube (recovery unit) 105 and a recovery unit liquid outlet 111 for extracting the liquid from the outside of the tube (collection unit) 105 are disposed at the lower part of the main body cylinder 101. A concentrating section steam inlet 112 for supplying steam to the inside of the pipe (concentrating section) 104 is disposed in the end chamber 114b communicating with the inside of the pipe (concentrating section) 104 below the lower tube plate 103b. Moreover, it has a structure in which a concentration unit liquid outlet 113 for extracting the liquid from the pipe (concentration unit) 104 is provided.

  Further, based on the structure of the internal heat exchange distillation column of Patent Document 1 as described above, as shown in FIG. 6, a coaxial outer cylinder 126 is provided so as to surround the pipe 125 which is a concentrating part, and the pipe 125 and the outer cylinder are provided. 126, an internal heat exchange distillation column having a structure in which a space 127 (a horizontal cross-sectional shape is a donut shape) 127 is used as a recovery unit and a pipe 125 and an outer cylinder 126 are disposed in the main body cylinder 101 has been proposed (patent) Reference 2).

  Furthermore, although not particularly illustrated, the structure of the internal heat exchange distillation column of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is used as a basic structure, and a regular packing is filled in the tube to form a concentrating portion, and between the top of the column and the bottom of the column. The reducer is arranged in multiple places in the pipe, the diameter of the pipe is reduced from the top to the bottom of the tower, and a regular packing is filled outside the pipe (the space between the main body cylinder and the pipe). An internal heat exchange distillation column is proposed (Patent Document 3).

  By the way, in the distillation apparatus, a plate column is widely used, and there is a potential demand for an internal heat exchange distillation column of the plate column type as an improved form and development form in the internal heat exchange distillation column. Exists.

  By the way, for example, in the case where the outside of the tube is a tray tower, both the vapor rising and falling through the outside of the tube are allowed to pass through each of a number of holes formed in the shelf plate to make gas-liquid contact. In order to form such a plate tower (for example, a non-weired perforated plate tower), the shelf plate (shelf) and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe are prevented from flowing down substantially along the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. It is necessary to seal between them.

  However, in a perforated plate tower that allows both vapor rising and falling liquid to pass through to make gas-liquid contact, so that the liquid does not substantially flow down the outer peripheral surface of the pipe, In order to seal between the outer peripheral surfaces of the pipes, there is a problem that a complicated structure is required, which increases manufacturing costs and maintenance costs.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when the liquid flows down along the outer peripheral surface of the tube 202, the steam rising on the shell 201 side, dispersion of the liquid in the circumferential direction, and increase in residence time are achieved. A linear member (wire) 231 (FIGS. 8A and 8B) is configured to come into gas-liquid contact with the liquid flowing down along the outer peripheral surface of the tube 202 arranged in a spiral shape on the surface. An internal heat exchange type distillation column having a gas-liquid contact mechanism, having a through-hole 222 that penetrates the pipe 202, and disposed substantially horizontally at a predetermined interval in the height direction in the shell 201, A plurality of baffle plates 220 for controlling the flow path of the vapor rising on the shell 201 side to flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the shell 201 and raising the shell 201 side in a zigzag path while repeating inversion. Has been proposed (Patent Document 4). In this internal heat exchange distillation column, as shown in FIG. 8, the through hole 222 of the baffle plate 220 is made of an elastically deformable thin plate material, and the diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the tube 202. A thin plate-like seal member 223 having a through-hole 224 for sealing smaller than the outer diameter of 202 and having a plurality of radial cuts 225 from the inner peripheral end side of the through-hole 224 for sealing is disposed. The inner peripheral portion of the sealing through hole 224 is configured to come into contact with the pipe 202 when assembled through the through hole 222 of the baffle plate 220 and the sealing through hole 224 of the thin plate-like seal member 223. In the case of this internal heat exchange distillation column, the liquid is assumed to flow down along the outer peripheral surface of the tube 202, so that the liquid does not substantially flow down along the outer peripheral surface of the tube. With shelf board Of the structure for sealing between the outer peripheral surface can not be applied in actuality.
JP-A-8-66601 JP 2004-16929 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-52001 JP 2004-037017 A

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and is an internal heat exchange distillation column having a plate column outside the tube, and does not require a complicated structure or a complicated manufacturing process. It is an object of the present invention to provide an internal heat exchange type distillation column capable of reliably performing sealing between the outer peripheral surface and the shelf board and realizing desired characteristics, and an assembling method thereof.

In order to solve the above problems, the internal heat exchange distillation column of the present invention (Claim 1)
A cylindrical body trunk disposed vertically;
A plurality of tubes housed in the cylindrical body trunk along the axial direction of the body trunk;
An upper tube plate and a lower tube plate having a structure in which the upper and lower ends of a plurality of tubes are connected to the main body barrel and the inside and outside of each tube are separated from each other;
The inside of the tube functions as a recovery unit from the inside or outside of the tube functioning as a concentrating unit by making a difference in operating pressure by setting the inside of the tube as a high-pressure side or low-pressure side and the outside as a low-pressure side or high-pressure side. An internal heat exchange distillation column that is configured to thermally transfer outside or inside the tube with the wall of each tube as a heat transfer surface, and the outside of the tube has a shelf-type gas-liquid contact structure,
(a) a through-hole that penetrates the tube, and a gas-liquid contact channel that allows vapor and liquid that descend outside the tube to pass through to make gas-liquid contact with each other. A plurality of shelves arranged substantially horizontally with a predetermined interval in the vertical direction,
(b) The shelf is sealed so that the gap between the peripheral portion and the inner wall of the main body does not allow gas and liquid to pass through,
(c) The diameter of the through hole that penetrates the tube of the shelf plate is 10 to 40 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tube,
(d) The through hole of the shelf plate is made of an elastically deformable thin plate material, and has a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tube or smaller than the outer diameter of the tube within a range of 20 mm. And a thin plate-like sealing member in which a plurality of cuts having a length of 5 to 20 mm are radially formed from the inner peripheral end side of the sealing through-hole,
(e) An inner peripheral portion of the sealing through-hole is brought into contact with an outer peripheral surface of the tube penetrating the through-hole of the shelf plate and the sealing through-hole of the thin plate-shaped sealing member, whereby the tube and the shelf The space between the plate and the through-hole is sealed so that liquid and vapor do not substantially pass during operation, and the liquid and vapor pass through the gas-liquid contact channel of the shelf. It is characterized by

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the internal heat exchange distillation column according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the diameter of the sealing through-hole of the thin plate sealing member is smaller than the outer diameter of the tube, and the tube is a thin plate seal. The thin plate-like sealing member is bent downward in the peripheral portion of the sealing through hole in a state of passing through the sealing through hole of the member, and has a funnel shape.

  Further, in the internal heat exchange distillation column of claim 3, in the configuration of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the diameter of the tube is reduced continuously or stepwise from the top to the bottom of the column. It is characterized by being composed.

The method for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column of the present invention (Claim 4) is as follows.
A cylindrical body trunk disposed vertically;
A plurality of tubes housed in the cylindrical body trunk along the axial direction of the body trunk;
An upper tube plate and a lower tube plate having a structure in which the upper and lower ends of a plurality of tubes are connected to the main body barrel and the inside and outside of each tube are separated from each other;
The inside of the tube functions as a recovery unit from the inside or outside of the tube functioning as a concentrating unit by making a difference in operating pressure by setting the inside of the tube as a high-pressure side or low-pressure side and the outside as a low-pressure side or high-pressure side. This is a method for assembling an internal heat exchange distillation column that is configured to transfer heat to the outside or inside of a pipe using the wall of each pipe as a heat transfer surface, and the outside of the pipe has a shelf-type gas-liquid contact structure. And
(a) Gas-liquid contact for allowing the gas-liquid contact to pass through the tube, the through-hole having a diameter 10 to 40 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tube, and the vapor rising and descending the tube. The through-hole is made of an elastically deformable thin plate material, and has a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the pipe or within a range of 20 mm or less. A thin plate-like seal member having a through hole for sealing smaller than the outer diameter of the seal and formed with a plurality of cuts having a length of 5 to 20 mm radially from the inner peripheral end side of the through hole for sealing is disposed. A step of arranging a plurality of shelves substantially horizontally in the main body trunk at predetermined intervals in the height direction;
(b) By passing the pipe through the through hole of the shelf plate and the through hole for sealing of the thin plate-like sealing member, the inner peripheral part of the through hole for sealing is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pipe The pipe and the through hole of the shelf are sealed so that liquid and vapor do not substantially pass during operation, and the liquid and vapor pass through the gas-liquid contact channel of the shelf. And a step of bringing it into a state.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column. In the configuration of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the pipe is connected to the through hole of the shelf plate and the through hole for sealing of the thin plate-like sealing member from above. The thin plate-like sealing member is bent downward at the periphery of the through-hole for sealing so that the tube penetrates the sealing through-hole of the thin-plate-like sealing member to have a funnel-like shape. It is characterized by.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column, wherein the diameter of the tube is continuous or stepwise from the top to the bottom of the column. It is characterized by using a tube configured to be small.

The internal heat exchange distillation column of the invention of this application (Claim 1) has a diameter of 10 to 40 mm from the outer diameter of the tube through the tube as a shelf plate in the configuration of the internal heat exchange distillation column as described above. A shelf plate having a large through-hole, and a gas-liquid contact channel that allows vapor and liquid to rise outside the tube to pass through and make gas-liquid contact with each other. It is made of a deformable thin plate material, has a sealing through hole smaller than the outer diameter of the tube in the range of 20 mm or less in diameter, and has an inner peripheral end of the sealing through hole Insert a pipe into the through hole of the shelf plate and the sealing through hole of the thin plate seal member using a shelf plate provided with a thin plate seal member formed with a plurality of cuts having a length of 5 to 20 mm radially from the side. So that the inner periphery of the through hole for sealing comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. Therefore, it is an internal heat exchange type distillation column with the outside of the tube as a shelf column, and it does not require a complicated structure or a complicated manufacturing process, and it is between the outer peripheral surface of the tube and the shelf plate. certainly have line seal, the liquid and vapor, certainly is possible to pass through the gas-liquid contact flow path of the shelves, to obtain a heat integrated distillation column capable of realizing desired characteristics Can do.

By the way, in the internal heat exchange type distillation column of the present invention, for example, the inside of the tube is a recovery unit and the outside of the tube is a concentrating unit, and the plate tower constituting the concentrating unit is provided with a non-weired perforated plate (shelf plate). In the case of a perforated plate tower, the diameter of the gas-liquid contact channel (many through holes) formed on the shelf, the amount of liquid flowing down the perforated plate tower, the amount of steam rising up the perforated plate tower Will be operated while controlling. Therefore, even when a gap exists in the vicinity of the portion where the inner peripheral end of the sealing through-hole of the thin plate-shaped sealing member is in contact with the surface of the tube, the gas-liquid contact flow path (a number of through holes The diameter of the hole) and the amount of liquid and vapor passing through the gas-liquid contact channels (multiple through holes) are controlled, so that the inner peripheral portion of the seal through hole of the thin plate-like sealing member during operation It is possible to substantially prevent liquid and steam from passing through the gap in the vicinity of the contact portion between the pipe and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe.
As a result, the performance of the plate column can be sufficiently exhibited, and an internal heat exchange distillation column having excellent distillation performance can be obtained.

  In order to substantially prevent liquid and vapor from passing through the gap near the contact portion between the inner peripheral portion of the sealing through-hole and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe, a shelf-type gas-liquid contact structure is used. This is a concept that means that liquid and vapor are not allowed to pass to the extent that the gas-liquid contact outside the pipe is sufficiently performed, and is not limited to the case where liquid and vapor do not pass at all.

In addition, a thin plate-shaped sealing member having a through hole for sealing made of a thin plate material that can be elastically deformed in the through hole and provided with a plurality of cuts radially formed from the inner peripheral end side of the through hole for sealing is arranged. The configuration of claim 1 of the present application in which the pipe is inserted into the through hole for sealing and penetrated so that the inner peripheral portion of the through hole for sealing comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. The internal heat exchange type distillation column is partially similar to the relationship between the thin plate-like seal member 223 and the tube 202 (see the description in the background art section and FIG. 8 for explaining Patent Document 4). The invention of Patent Document 4 is intended to ensure that the liquid flows down along the outer peripheral surface of the pipe, and a plurality of Patent Documents 4 for raising the steam to the shell 201 side in a zigzag path. Of an internal heat exchange distillation column having a baffle plate 220 FIG. 7 explaining Patent Document 4), that is, a configuration in which pressure loss that prevents liquid from flowing down cannot be given to the gap between the contact portion between the inner peripheral portion of the sealing through hole and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. Then, as in the invention of claim 1 of the present application, the diameter of the gas-liquid contact flow path (many through holes) of the shelf, the amount of liquid passing through the gas-liquid contact flow path (many through holes), and steam By controlling the amount, it is impossible to take a configuration that substantially prevents the passage of liquid and vapor, and the shelf is used so that the liquid does not substantially flow down the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. It is not possible to obtain a specific effect of sealing between the plate and the outer peripheral surface of the tube.
The invention of Patent Document 4 is an invention in which gas-liquid contact is performed by a gas-liquid cross flow in which the liquid flows down the outer wall surface of the pipe in the gas-liquid contact portion, and the steam goes straight to the liquid flow. The total amount of the liquid flows down the outer peripheral surface of the pipe, that is, the liquid is allowed to pass. On the other hand, in the gas-liquid contact part in the internal heat exchange distillation column of the present invention, the liquid accumulates on the shelf board, and the vapor passes through the gas-liquid contact flow paths (many through holes) of the shelf board. Since it becomes bubbles and comes into gas-liquid contact with the liquid stored on the shelf, the configuration for storing the liquid on the shelf, that is, the shelf so that the liquid does not substantially flow down the outer peripheral surface of the tube. A configuration is adopted in which the space between the plate and the outer peripheral surface of the tube is sealed. Therefore, the configuration of the present invention has a configuration similar to the configuration of FIG. 7 for explaining the above-mentioned Patent Document 4, but the usage purpose and required specifications are different, and the overall configuration is completely different.

  Further, as in the internal heat exchange distillation column of claim 2, in the configuration of the invention of claim 1, the diameter of the sealing through-hole of the thin plate-shaped seal member is smaller than the outer diameter of the tube, and the tube is a thin plate-shaped seal member When the thin plate-like sealing member is bent downward at the periphery of the sealing through-hole and has a funnel-like shape while passing through the sealing through-hole, the sealing through-hole of the thin plate-like sealing member The periphery is elastically deformed, and the peripheral part of the seal through-hole is urged by its restoring force to come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tube, so that the seal between the outer peripheral surface of the tube and the shelf plate is more reliably performed. Is possible.

  Further, as in the internal heat exchange distillation column of claim 3, in the configuration of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the diameter of the tube is reduced continuously or stepwise from the top to the bottom of the column. If it is configured, it tends to be accompanied by deviation or deformation of the axis of the tube (for example, when the diameter of the tube is changed step by step using a reducer, deviation of the axis or slight curvature is likely to occur). In addition, it is difficult to seal between the outer peripheral surface and the through hole of the shelf board. However, in the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to absorb deviations and deformations of the axis of the tube, and a simple configuration Thus, it is possible to efficiently seal between the outer peripheral surface of the pipe and the through hole of the shelf board, and the present invention can be further effectively realized.

Further, in the method for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column of the present invention (Claim 4), as a shelf plate, a tube is penetrated, a through hole whose diameter is 10 to 40 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tube, and the outside of the tube is raised. A shelf plate having a gas-liquid contact channel for allowing vapor and liquid to pass through to make contact with the gas and liquid, and further, the through hole is made of a thin plate material that is elastically deformable and has a diameter. Has a sealing through hole smaller than the outer diameter of the tube within the range of 20 mm or less within the range of 20 mm, and the length is radially 5 to 5 from the inner peripheral end side of the sealing through hole. Using a shelf board provided with a thin plate-like sealing member formed with a plurality of 20 mm cuts, a plurality of shelf boards were arranged approximately horizontally in the body trunk at predetermined intervals in the height direction. After that, the tube is inserted into the through hole of the shelf plate and the sealing through hole of the thin plate-like sealing member, Because the inner peripheral portion of the seal through hole is into contact, and complex structures, without requiring time-consuming manufacturing process, reliable line a seal between the outer circumferential surface of the pipe and the shelf plate Thus, it is possible to reliably pass the liquid and steam through the gas-liquid contact flow path of the shelf board, and it is possible to efficiently assemble an internal heat exchange distillation column having desired characteristics.

  Further, as in the method for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column according to claim 5, in the configuration of the invention according to claim 4, the pipe is connected from above to the through hole of the shelf and the through hole for sealing of the thin plate-like seal member. If the thin plate-like sealing member is bent downward in the periphery of the through-hole for sealing in a state where the tube penetrates the sealing through-hole of the thin-plate-like sealing member and has a funnel shape, the thin plate Since the periphery of the seal through-hole of the cylindrical seal member is elastically deformed and the peripheral portion of the seal through-hole is urged by its restoring force and abuts the outer peripheral surface of the tube, the space between the outer peripheral surface of the tube and the shelf plate It is possible to more reliably perform the sealing.

  Further, as in the method for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column of claim 6, in the configuration of the invention of claim 4 or 5, the diameter of the tube is continuous or stepwise from the top of the column to the bottom of the column. When a tube configured to be small is used, it is usually likely to be accompanied by displacement or deformation of the tube axis (for example, when the diameter of the tube is changed stepwise using a reducer, It is difficult to seal between the outer peripheral surface and the through hole of the shelf board, but the configuration of the present invention absorbs displacement and deformation of the tube axis. It becomes possible to efficiently seal between the outer peripheral surface of the tube and the through hole of the shelf board with a simple configuration, and the present invention can be further effectively realized.

  The features of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 (a) is an enlarged plan view showing a main part configuration of an internal heat exchange distillation column according to an embodiment of the present invention, (b) is a front sectional view thereof, and FIG. 2 is an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column concerning.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment is formed by connecting a plurality of tubes 25 to the main body cylinder 1 by both end tube plates 3 a and 3 b. The inside (tube side) 4 and the outside (shell side) 5 of the tube 25 are isolated from each other, and each of the inside 4 and outside 5 is provided with a gas-liquid inlet / outlet.

  In the internal heat exchange distillation column of Example 1, the operation temperature is varied by making a difference between the operation pressures on the inside 4 side and the outside 5 side of the tube, and the tube wall of each tube 25 is used as a heat transfer surface. It is configured so that heat can be transferred from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side, and the inside 4 of the tube functions as a recovery unit on the low-pressure side, and the outside of the tube 5 functions as a concentration unit on the high-pressure side.

  In the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment, a wet-wall tower type gas-liquid contact structure is adopted as the gas-liquid contact structure of the pipe 25 in which the inside 4 of the pipe serves as a recovery section. Further, a linear member (specifically, a wire) 26 is provided along the inner peripheral surface of the tube 25 as a flow control member in order to increase the dispersion of the liquid in the circumferential direction of the tube 4 and increase the residence time of the liquid. It arrange | positions like this (refer FIG. 2).

  A column top liquid inlet for supplying a liquid (raw material) to the inside of the tube (collecting unit) 4 is connected to the end chamber 14 a communicating with the inside of the tube (collecting unit) 4 above the upper tube plate 3 a of the main body barrel 1. (Recovery part liquid inlet) 6 and a tower top steam outlet (recovery part steam outlet) 7 for extracting steam from the inside of the pipe (recovery part) 4 are disposed. ) 5 is provided with a raw material liquid inlet 8 for supplying a mixed liquid of the raw material liquid and the liquid flowing down from the bottom of the concentrating section, and a concentrating section steam outlet 9 for extracting steam from outside the tube (concentrating section) 5. Is arranged.

  On the other hand, a recovery section steam inlet 10 for supplying steam to the inside of the pipe (collecting section) 4 is provided in an end chamber 14b communicating with the inside of the pipe (collecting section) 4 below the lower tube plate 3b of the main body barrel 1. A recovery unit liquid outlet 11 for extracting the liquid from the inside of the tube (collection unit) 4 is provided, and a concentration unit steam for supplying steam to the outside of the tube (concentration unit) 5 above the lower tube plate 3b. An inlet 12 is disposed, and a concentrating section liquid outlet 13 for extracting liquid from the outside of the tube (concentrating section) 5 is disposed.

Further, in the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment, a plurality of single tubes 25a having different diameters are connected using a reducer 27 in order to equalize the vapor load from the top to the bottom. Thus, the diameter of the tube 25 is configured to decrease stepwise from the tower top toward the tower bottom.
The diameter of the tube 25 is in the range of 6 to 10 inches at the tower top and in the range of 2 to 4 inches at the tower bottom. In addition, by making the diameter of the tube 25 2 inches or more, it becomes possible to insert a nozzle used when the inside 4 of the tube is cleaned by jet cleaning that blows high-pressure water of 500 to 700 kg / cm ² , for example.

  In the internal heat exchange distillation column of Example 1, a plate-column type gas-liquid contact structure is employed as the gas-liquid contact structure of the outside 5 serving as the concentrating part, and a non-weired perforated plate (Shelves) 20 has a structure in which a plurality of (shelves) 20 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the height direction of the tower.

  The perforated plate (shelf plate) 20 is used for gas-liquid contact that allows gas-liquid contact by allowing a through-hole 120 (FIG. 1) that penetrates the tube 25 to pass through the vapor 5 that rises outside the tube and the liquid that descends. A flow path (a large number of through holes) 121 (FIG. 2) is provided, and a plurality of sheets are arranged in the main body barrel 1 substantially horizontally at a predetermined interval in the height direction.

  The perforated plate (shelf plate) 20 is attached to the main body cylinder 1 by bolts and nuts on a receiving ring (not shown) welded to the inner peripheral surface of the main body cylinder 1, and a processed plate (shelf board) ) The gap between the peripheral portion of 20 and the inner wall of the main body barrel 1 is sealed so as not to allow gas-liquid to pass through.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 3, the diameter D1 of the through hole 120 that penetrates the tube 25 of the perforated plate (shelf plate) 20 is 10 to 10 than the outer diameter D2 of the tube 25. It is formed 40mm larger.

  A thin plate-shaped sealing member 40 for sealing between the tube 25 and the porous plate (shelf plate) 20 is disposed in the through hole 120 of the porous plate (shelf plate) 20 that penetrates the tube 25. . In the first embodiment, the thin seal member 40 is attached so as to be sandwiched between one main surface of the porous plate (shelf plate) 20 and the flange-like attachment member 41. However, the thin plate-like sealing member 40 can be attached to the porous plate (shelf plate) 20 by welding or other various methods.

  The thin plate-like seal member 40 is made of an elastically deformable thin plate material (a thin plate made of stainless steel in this embodiment), and has a diameter D3 (FIG. 3) of about 10 mm smaller than the outer diameter D2 of the tube 25. A hole 42 is provided.

  Further, the thin plate-shaped sealing member 40 is formed with a plurality of cuts 29 having a length of 5 to 20 mm radially from the inner peripheral end side of the sealing through-hole 42. As shown in FIG. By inserting the tube 25 into the through-hole 42, the thin plate-like sealing member 40 is elastically deformed at the periphery of the sealing through-hole 42 to have a funnel-like shape, and by a restoring force (biasing force) due to elasticity, The inner peripheral end of the sealing through-hole 42 is configured to reliably contact the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25.

Further, in the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment, in a predetermined stage at the lower portion of the main body cylinder 1 (in this first embodiment, the upper side of the lowest shelf plate (perforated plate) 20 (20a), The liquid is applied from the middle of the outer tube 5 serving as the concentrating portion to the upper shelf plate (porous plate) 20 (20b) and further to the upper shelf plate (porous plate) 20 (20c). Side-cutting liquid outlets 31a, 31b, and 31c are provided so that the side cut can be performed from a predetermined position on the outside 5 of the tube as a concentrating part. After the operation is started, only one of the liquid outlets 31a, 31b, and 31c is used, and the other two are configured to be valve cut.
In addition, this makes it possible to side-cut the liquid from the position where the trace component accumulates in the distillation system in which the trace component accumulates at a specific position between the tower top and the tower bottom of the concentration section, It becomes possible to provide an internal heat exchange type distillation column excellent in distillation performance.

Further, in assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment, as described above, the through-hole 120 through which the pipe 25 is penetrated and the gas-liquid contact flow path (multiple penetrations through which gas-liquid contact is performed). 2) and a shelf plate 20 in which a thin plate-like sealing member 40 having a through-hole for sealing is provided in the through-hole 120 is provided in the body body 1 in a predetermined direction in the height direction. Then, the tube 25 is inserted into the through-hole 120 of the shelf plate 20 and the sealing through-hole 42 of the thin plate-like sealing member 40 from the upper opening side of the main body barrel 1. Can be assembled efficiently. That is, by inserting the tube 25 into the through hole 120 of the shelf plate 20 and the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate-like seal member 40, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the thin plate-like seal member 40 is provided. Is elastically deformed at the periphery of the sealing through hole 42 to form a funnel shape, and the inner peripheral end of the sealing through hole 42 is securely attached to the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25 by the restoring force (biasing force) due to elasticity. Abut.
As a result, it is possible to seal between the tube 25 and the through hole 120 of the shelf board 20 so that liquid and vapor do not substantially pass during operation.

That is, in the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment, for example, the diameter of the gas-liquid contact flow channel (many through holes) 121 formed in the shelf plate 20, the outside of the tube (perforated plate column) By operating while controlling the amount of liquid flowing down 5 and the amount of steam rising up the perforated plate tower, the inner peripheral end of the sealing through-hole 42 of the thin plate-like sealing member 40 contacts the surface of the tube 25. Even when a gap exists in the vicinity of the contacted portion, it is possible to substantially prevent liquid and vapor from passing through the gap.
As a result, the performance of the plate column can be fully exhibited, and an internal heat exchange type distillation column having desired distillation performance can be obtained.

  Further, in a state where the tube 25 penetrates the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate sealing member 40, the thin plate sealing member 40 is bent downward at the periphery of the sealing through hole 42 so as to have a funnel shape. Therefore, the peripheral portion of the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate-shaped sealing member 40 is elastically deformed, and the peripheral portion of the sealing through hole 42 is urged by its restoring force and comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25. The sealing between the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25 and the shelf board 20 can be reliably performed.

Further, as described above, since the diameter of the tube 25 is configured to decrease continuously or stepwise from the tower top to the tower bottom, the center of the tube 25 is displaced or deformed. It is easy (for example, when the diameter of the tube 25 is changed stepwise using a reducer, an axial misalignment or a slight curve is likely to occur), and between the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25 and the through-hole 120 of the shelf 20. However, in the case of the configuration of the first embodiment, the periphery of the sealing through-hole 42 of the thin plate-like sealing member 40 is deformed to absorb the deviation or deformation of the axis of the tube 25. Thus, the space between the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25 and the through hole 120 of the shelf board 20 can be efficiently sealed with a simple configuration.
When the diameter of the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate sealing member 40 is changed corresponding to the change of the diameter of the tube 25, the diameter of the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate sealing member 40 is the diameter of the tube 25. It is sufficient to roughly correspond to changes in That is, some variation in the correspondence can be absorbed by elastic deformation around the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate-like sealing member 40.

  In the internal heat exchange distillation column of the first embodiment, the plurality of shelf plates 20 are disposed in the main body cylinder 1 substantially horizontally at a predetermined interval in the height direction, and then the main body cylinder 1 From the upper opening side, the tube 25 is simply inserted into the through hole 120 of the shelf plate 20 and the sealing through hole 42 of the thin plate-like seal member 40, so that the space between the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25 and the through hole 120 of the shelf plate 20 is reduced. Can be assembled so as to be in a sealed state, and an internal heat exchange distillation column having desired characteristics can be efficiently produced without requiring a complicated process.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an internal heat exchange distillation column according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  In Example 1 described above, the internal heat exchange distillation column in which the inside 4 functions as a low pressure side recovery unit and the outside 5 functions as a high pressure side concentrating unit has been described as an example. 4 is not limited to an internal heat exchange distillation column in which the outer pipe 5 functions as a low-pressure side recovery section and the outer pipe 5 functions as a high-pressure side concentrating section. As shown in FIG. It is also possible to apply to an internal heat exchange distillation column in which the outer pipe 55 functions as a low pressure side recovery section.

  In the internal heat exchange distillation column of Example 2, the inside 54 of the high-pressure side concentrating part is a packed tower filled with regular packing, and the outside 55 of the low-pressure side collecting part is the above Example 1. The plate tower (perforated plate tower) is the same as in the case of.

  As in the internal heat exchange distillation column of Example 2, when the inside 54 of the high-pressure side concentrating part is a packed column packed with regular packing, the amount of steam and the amount of liquid from the column top to the column bottom In order to avoid the adverse effect on the distillation performance due to the change of, the method of adjusting the diameter of the tube from the top of the column to the bottom of the column can be considered, but the inside of the tube is a packed column using regular packing, and from the top to the bottom of the column, It is desirable to respond by changing the type of regular packing.

  In the internal heat exchange distillation column of the second embodiment, the end chamber 64 a communicating with the inside of the pipe (concentration part) 54 above the upper tube plate 53 a of the main body cylinder 51 is connected to the inside of the pipe (concentration part) 54. A tower top liquid inlet (concentrated section liquid inlet) 56 for supplying liquid (external reflux liquid) and a tower top steam outlet (concentrated section steam outlet) 57 for extracting steam from the pipe (concentrated section) 54 are provided. In addition, a raw material liquid inlet 58 for supplying a liquid to the outside of the tube (recovery unit) 55 is disposed at the upper part of the main body cylinder 51, and the recovery unit steam for extracting steam from the outside of the tube (collection unit) 55 An outlet 59 is provided.

  On the other hand, a concentrating portion steam inlet 60 for supplying steam to the inside (concentrating portion) 54 is provided in an end chamber 64b communicating with the inside (concentrating portion) 54 below the lower tube plate 53b of the main body barrel 51. A concentrating part liquid outlet 61 for extracting liquid from the inside of the pipe (concentrating part) 55 is disposed, and a recovery part steam for supplying steam to the outside of the pipe (collecting part) 55 is provided above the lower tube plate 53b. An inlet 62 is provided, and a recovery unit liquid outlet 63 for extracting liquid from the outside of the tube (recovery unit) 55 is provided.

  Other parts have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 indicate the same or corresponding parts.

  As in Example 2, the inside 54 of the high-pressure side concentrating part is filled with a regular packing and has a constant diameter from the top to the bottom of the tower, and the outside 55 of the low-pressure side recovery part. , The present invention can also be applied to a plate tower (perforated plate tower) similar to that in Example 1, and in that case as well, as in Example 1 above. The gap between the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25 and the through hole 120 of the shelf plate (perforated plate column) 20 can be reliably sealed, and an internal heat exchange distillation column having desired characteristics can be efficiently produced. It becomes possible to do.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various application and deformation | transformation are possible within the scope of the invention.

According to the present invention, a complicated structure and a complicated manufacturing process are not required, and a structure in which a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a vertical structure is used as a basic structure, and the outside of the tube is a tray tower. It is a heat exchange type distillation column that reliably seals between the outer peripheral surface of the tube and the shelf board, and has an internal heat exchange type distillation column that exhibits desired characteristics. It can be assembled efficiently without the need.
Therefore, the invention of the present application uses a structure in which a shell and tube type heat exchanger, which is used in fields such as petroleum refining, petrochemistry, and general chemistry, as a vertical structure, is used as a basic structure, and an internal heat having a plate column outside the tube. It can be widely applied as an exchange-type distillation column.

(a), (b) is a figure which expands and shows the principal part of the internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column concerning one Example (Example 1) of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which expands and shows the principal part of the internal heat exchange distillation column concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column concerning other Example (Example 2) of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the conventional internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column. It is a figure which shows the other example of the conventional internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column. It is a figure which shows the further another example of the conventional internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column. It is a figure which shows the principal part structure of the internal heat exchange type | mold distillation column of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Body trunk 3a Upper tube plate 3b Lower tube plate 4 Inside the tube (collection part, tube side)
5 Outside the tube (concentration part, shell side)
6 Tower top liquid inlet (collector liquid inlet)
7 Tower top steam outlet (recovery section steam outlet)
8 Raw material liquid inlet 9 Concentration part steam outlet 10 Recovery part steam inlet 11 Recovery part liquid outlet 12 Concentration part steam inlet 13 Concentration part liquid outlet 14a, 14b End chamber 20 (20a, 20b, 20c) Shelf plate (porous plate)
25 Pipe 25a Single pipe 26 Linear member 27 Reducer 29 Notch 31a, 31b, 31c Drain outlet 40 Thin plate seal member 41 Mounting member 42 Sealing through hole 51 Body trunk 53a Upper tube plate 53b Lower tube plate 54 Inside (concentration) Part, tube side)
55 Outside the tube (collection part, shell side)
56 Tower top liquid inlet (concentrated liquid inlet)
57 Tower top steam outlet (concentration section steam outlet)
58 Raw material liquid inlet 59 Recovery section steam outlet 60 Concentration section steam inlet 61 Concentration section liquid outlet 62 Collection section steam inlet 63 Recovery section liquid outlet 64a, 64b End chamber 120 Through hole 121 Gas-liquid contact channel D1 Diameter of through hole D2 Pipe outer diameter D3 Diameter of through hole for sealing

Claims (6)

A cylindrical body trunk disposed vertically;
A plurality of tubes housed in the cylindrical body trunk along the axial direction of the body trunk;
An upper tube plate and a lower tube plate having a structure in which the upper and lower ends of a plurality of tubes are connected to the main body barrel and the inside and outside of each tube are separated from each other;
The inside of the tube functions as a recovery unit from the inside or outside of the tube functioning as a concentrating unit by making a difference in operating pressure by setting the inside of the tube as a high-pressure side or low-pressure side and the outside as a low-pressure side or high-pressure side. An internal heat exchange distillation column that is configured to thermally transfer outside or inside the tube with the wall of each tube as a heat transfer surface, and the outside of the tube has a shelf-type gas-liquid contact structure,
(a) a through-hole that penetrates the tube, and a gas-liquid contact channel that allows vapor and liquid that descend outside the tube to pass through to make gas-liquid contact with each other. A plurality of shelves arranged substantially horizontally with a predetermined interval in the vertical direction,
(b) The shelf is sealed so that the gap between the peripheral portion and the inner wall of the main body does not allow gas and liquid to pass through,
(c) The diameter of the through hole that penetrates the tube of the shelf plate is 10 to 40 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tube,
(d) The through hole of the shelf plate is made of an elastically deformable thin plate material, and has a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tube or smaller than the outer diameter of the tube within a range of 20 mm. And a thin plate-like sealing member in which a plurality of cuts having a length of 5 to 20 mm are radially formed from the inner peripheral end side of the sealing through-hole,
(e) An inner peripheral portion of the sealing through-hole is brought into contact with an outer peripheral surface of the tube penetrating the through-hole of the shelf plate and the sealing through-hole of the thin plate-shaped sealing member, whereby the tube and the shelf The space between the plate and the through-hole is sealed so that liquid and vapor do not substantially pass during operation, and the liquid and vapor pass through the gas-liquid contact channel of the shelf. internal heat exchanging type distillation column, characterized by that.   In the state where the diameter of the sealing through hole of the thin plate sealing member is smaller than the outer diameter of the tube and the tube penetrates the sealing through hole of the thin plate sealing member, the thin plate sealing member is around the sealing through hole. The internal heat exchange distillation column according to claim 1, wherein the internal heat exchange distillation column is curved downward at the portion and has a funnel shape.   The internal heat exchange distillation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the tube is configured to decrease continuously or stepwise from the tower top to the tower bottom. A cylindrical body trunk disposed vertically;
A plurality of tubes housed in the cylindrical body trunk along the axial direction of the body trunk;
An upper tube plate and a lower tube plate having a structure in which the upper and lower ends of a plurality of tubes are connected to the main body barrel and the inside and outside of each tube are separated from each other;
The inside of the tube functions as a recovery unit from the inside or outside of the tube functioning as a concentrating unit by making a difference in operating pressure by setting the inside of the tube as a high-pressure side or low-pressure side and the outside as a low-pressure side or high-pressure side. This is a method for assembling an internal heat exchange distillation column that is configured to transfer heat to the outside or inside of a pipe using the wall of each pipe as a heat transfer surface, and the outside of the pipe has a shelf-type gas-liquid contact structure. And
(a) Gas-liquid contact for allowing the gas-liquid contact to pass through the tube, the through-hole having a diameter 10 to 40 mm larger than the outer diameter of the tube, and the vapor rising and descending the tube. The through-hole is made of an elastically deformable thin plate material, and has a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the pipe or within a range of 20 mm or less. A thin plate-like seal member having a through hole for sealing smaller than the outer diameter of the seal and formed with a plurality of cuts having a length of 5 to 20 mm radially from the inner peripheral end side of the through hole for sealing is disposed. A step of arranging a plurality of shelves substantially horizontally in the main body trunk at predetermined intervals in the height direction;
(b) By passing the pipe through the through hole of the shelf plate and the through hole for sealing of the thin plate-like sealing member, the inner peripheral part of the through hole for sealing is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pipe The pipe and the through hole of the shelf are sealed so that liquid and vapor do not substantially pass during operation, and the liquid and vapor pass through the gas-liquid contact channel of the shelf. And a process for assembling the internal heat exchange distillation column.   The pipe is penetrated from above through the through hole of the shelf plate and the sealing through hole of the thin plate sealing member, and the thin plate sealing member is inserted through the sealing through hole of the thin plate sealing member. 5. The method of assembling an internal heat exchange distillation column according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall is curved downward at the periphery of the through hole for sealing so as to have a funnel shape.   6. The internal heat exchange distillation according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pipe is configured such that its diameter decreases continuously or stepwise from the tower top to the tower bottom. How to assemble the tower.

Images