JP4931454B2 - Method for producing rigid polyurethane foam - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, and in particular, uses pentane having extremely little environmental destruction as a foaming agent so that a product excellent in heat insulation can be produced.

  Rigid polyurethane foam has excellent heat insulation and high mechanical strength, so it can insulate household and commercial freezers / refrigerators, bathtubs, vending machines, buildings, and other equipment and structures in various fields. Widely used as a material.

  Conventionally, as a foaming agent for producing this rigid polyurethane foam, HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbon) such as HCFC-141b (1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane), HCFC-22 (1-chloro-1,1) -Difluoroethane) has been used, but its use is currently prohibited due to problems such as ozone depletion and global warming.

  As an alternative blowing agent for conventional chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), HFC (hydrofluorocarbon), which is said to be a next-generation chlorofluorocarbon containing no chlorine atom in its molecule, for example, HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetra Fluoroethane), HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane), HFC-365mfc (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane) and the like have been studied.

  However, these next-generation chlorofluorocarbons (HFCs) also have a low ozone depletion potential, but have a high global warming potential, and are likely to be regulated in the future from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment.

  On the other hand, hydrocarbon-based foaming agents, such as pentane, which have little influence on ozone layer destruction and global warming, have been introduced and used as foaming agents in place of the above-mentioned chlorofluorocarbons. Although pentane is suitable as a blowing agent that does not cause environmental damage such as Freon, it has some problems specific to pentane.

  That is, the thermal conductivity of pentane itself is higher than that of chlorofluorocarbons, and when this is used as a foaming agent, the thermal conductivity of the resulting rigid polyurethane foam tends to be high and the heat insulation performance is lowered.

  Therefore, in order to improve the heat insulation performance of the rigid polyurethane foam, it is necessary to further reduce the thermal conductivity by reducing the effect of radiant heat by further reducing the bubbles in the foam.

As a means for making the bubbles in the foam uniform and fine, for example, in Patent Document 1, a polyol component containing polyol, cyclopentane, water and a catalyst is vigorously stirred, or an additive such as a surfactant is added. A method is described in which a stable emulsion dispersion system that does not separate even when left at room temperature for 24 hours, such as by addition, is described.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-231667

  However, the method described in Patent Document 1 requires the use of limited special raw materials, and there is a problem that it takes a considerable amount of time to stir in advance in order to obtain a stable emulsion dispersion system.

  In addition, the introduction of air to the polyol component increases the efficiency of stirring, and the introduction of carbon dioxide gas has also been studied to improve the heat insulation performance of rigid urethane foam using the thermal conductivity of the gas itself. However, at present, no concrete method has been disclosed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and uses a pentane that does not cause environmental destruction, and manufactures a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance, which embodies the homogenization and refinement of the foam. Is to provide a method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a polyisocyanate component (a), a polyol, pentane, water, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer and other auxiliary agents. When producing a rigid polyurethane foam by reacting at least two components (a) and (b) with a polyol component (b), a polyisocyanate component (a) and at least the polyol component (b) After introducing a gas of 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol% into any one of them to make a uniform gas-liquid dispersion system with a bubble particle size of 20 μm or less , these polyisocyanate component (a) and polyol component (b) Are mixed and reacted.

  Moreover, in addition to the structure of Claim 1, the manufacturing method of the rigid polyurethane foam of Claim 2 of this invention is characterized by the said gas being a carbon dioxide gas.

Furthermore, the method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the structure according to claim 1, the gas has a nitrogen gas purity of 95% or more. is there.

  Moreover, in addition to the structure in any one of Claims 1-3, the manufacturing method of the rigid polyurethane foam of Claim 4 of this invention is characterized by the cell size of the said rigid polyurethane foam being 250 micrometers or less. Is.

  Here, the cell size of the rigid polyurethane foam means that the cell shape after foaming is a vertically long oval sphere, a horizontally long oval sphere, or a sphere, so that these cells are inscribed in a rectangular parallelepiped (in the case of a sphere, a cube) And the longest side, that is, the longest side in the vertical, horizontal, or height (in the cube, all three sides are the same) is set as the cell size.

According to the method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1 of the present invention, a polyisocyanate component (a) and a polyol component (b) comprising a polyol, pentane, water, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer and other auxiliary agents. When a rigid polyurethane foam is produced by reacting raw materials comprising at least two components (a) and (b), 5 vol% with respect to at least one of the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b). As described above, after introducing a gas of less than 50 vol% to obtain a uniform gas-liquid dispersion system with a bubble particle size of 20 μm or less, the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b) are mixed and reacted. Therefore, the gas particle diameter is 20 % by introducing a gas into the polyisocyanate component (a), the polyol component (b), or both of the components, or a gas of 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol%. By mixing and reacting both components after making a uniform gas-liquid dispersion of less than μm and foaming, the bubbles in each component can be refined in a short time by gas, and the resulting foam can also be refined and homogenized. The thermal conductivity can be reduced.

  According to the method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the gas is carbon dioxide gas, the thermal conductivity of the gas itself is small, and the thermal conductivity is further reduced. Can do.

  Furthermore, according to the method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 3 of the present invention, since the gas has a purity of nitrogen gas of 95% or more, the dispersibility of the gas in each component And can be further miniaturized and made uniform, and the thermal conductivity can be reduced.

  According to the method for manufacturing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 4 of the present invention, since the cell size of the rigid polyurethane foam is set to 250 μm or less, the thermal conductivity is reduced by the miniaturized and uniform cells. can do.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to the present invention will be described in detail.

  The method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam of the present invention comprises reacting a raw material comprising at least two components of a polyisocyanate component (a) and a polyol component (b) comprising a polyol, pentane, water, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer and other auxiliary agents. In the method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, a uniform gas is introduced by introducing a gas of 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol% with respect to at least one of the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b). After the liquid dispersion system, the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b) are reacted.

  Examples of the rigid polyurethane foam of the present invention include rigid polyurethane foam, urethane-modified rigid polyisocyanurate foam, rigid polyisocyanurate foam, and other rigid foams.

  In the following description, a rigid polyurethane foam will be described for convenience, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  Further, as the gas introduced into each component, carbon dioxide or nitrogen gas having a purity of 95% or more is particularly preferable.

  The gas-liquid dispersion system using gas refers to a state where fine bubbles are apparently uniformly dispersed in each component, for example, a paste-like or whipped cream-like state.

  As the amount of gas to be introduced, a gas of 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol% is introduced with respect to at least one of the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b).

  When the amount of gas introduced is less than 5 vol%, the amount of gas that is the starting point is small when the polymerization of the polyol and the isocyanate is started, and the cell is difficult to become fine. In addition, since the gas-liquid dispersion system is likely to be non-uniform, the stirring efficiency is also lowered, so that the cell size tends to be non-uniform. For this reason, the heat conductivity of the foam obtained becomes high and the desired heat insulation performance cannot be obtained.

    On the other hand, if the amount of gas introduced exceeds 50 vol%, the load due to the occurrence of cavitation in the metering pump increases, and the volume ratio of the gas increases due to the introduction of a gas having a higher thermal conductivity than pentane. In view of the effect of the change in the thermal conductivity over time due to the increase in the thermal conductivity of the gas and the further release of gas over time, it is preferably 50 vol% or less.

Examples of the type of gas to be introduced include air, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide gas from the viewpoint of the heat insulating performance, economic efficiency, and safety of the resulting foam.
Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are inert gases and are preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

  Carbon dioxide gas is preferable because it has a thermal conductivity similar to that of pentane used as a foaming agent, has a relatively low thermal conductivity, and can suppress the thermal conductivity of the resulting rigid polyurethane foam.

  Furthermore, nitrogen having a purity of 95% or more has good dispersibility in the polyol component (b), etc., although its own thermal conductivity is high, and can make a finer and more uniform gas-liquid dispersion system, resulting in a hard It is particularly preferable because the thermal conductivity of the polyurethane foam can be lowered.

    The particle diameter of the gas-liquid dispersion system is preferably 20 μm or less, and particularly preferably 10 μm or less in consideration of the stability of the gas-liquid dispersion system and the miniaturization and homogenization of the resulting rigid polyurethane foam. The particle diameter of the bubbles can be measured with an optical microscope or the like.

  The cell size of the rigid polyurethane foam is preferably 250 μm or less. This cell size is assumed to be a cuboid in which the cell is inscribed, and means the length of the longest side of the three sides. Therefore, in the vertical elliptical sphere, the vertical major axis is the cell size, and in the horizontal elliptical sphere, The horizontal major axis is the cell size, and when it is spherical, the diameter is the cell size. The cell size is measured with an optical microscope from a section of the rigid polyurethane foam cut.

If the cell size of the foam exceeds 250 μm, the foam cannot be made fine and uniform, the thermal conductivity cannot be reduced, and the required heat insulation performance cannot be obtained.
The shape of the cell varies depending on the foaming conditions, but when foaming by spraying from a spray nozzle onto a horizontal surface material, the foaming direction is substantially vertical, and the cell has a substantially vertically elongated ellipsoidal shape. The major axis which is the size in the direction parallel to the cell size is the cell size.

  As the polyol of the polyol component (b) used in the present invention, polyether polyol and / or polyester polyol are used.

  Examples of the polyether polyol include polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose, and bisphenol A; aliphatics such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and ethylenediamine Amines; aromatic amines such as toluenediamine and methylenedianiline; polyether polyols obtained by addition polymerization of one or more of alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide to Mannich condensation products These polyether polyols can be used singly or in appropriate combination of two or more.

  As the polyether polyol, an aromatic polyether polyol is particularly preferable because it lowers the thermal conductivity. Although the hydroxyl value of polyether polyol is not specifically limited, 300-800 mgKOH / g is preferable.

  Examples of the polyester polyol include a polyol formed by condensing the polyhydric alcohol with a polyvalent carboxylic acid, and a polyol formed by cyclic ester ring-opening polymerization. Examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid include succinic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and aliphatic polybasic acids that are anhydrides thereof. Polyester polyols having are preferred. Although the hydroxyl value of this polyester polyol is not specifically limited, 100-400 mgKOH / g is preferable.

  As the polyisocyanate component to be reacted with the above polyol component, in the present invention, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polymeric tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, etc .; obtained by partial chemical reaction of these modified polyisocyanates, that is, polyisocyanates. Products, for example, polyisocyanates containing groups such as esters, urea, burettes, allophanates, carbodiimides, isocyanurates, urethanes, etc., and these may be used alone or in appropriate combination of two or more. Can be used.

  The polyisocyanate component is used in such an amount that the isocyanate index (= the NCO group of the polyisocyanate component / the active hydrogen of the polyol component [equivalent ratio] × 100) is 100 to 300, preferably 110 to 150.

Examples of the pentane that is a blowing agent in the present invention include normal pentane, isopentane, and cyclopentane. These may be used alone or in appropriate combination of two or more, and preferably contain at least cyclopentane. The reason is that cyclopentane has a higher boiling point than normal pentane or isopentane, is difficult to gasify, and has superior solubility in polyol components than other pentanes. A more stable gas-liquid dispersion can be obtained. As a result, it is easy to obtain a foam having fine and uniform cells. Water can also be used in combination.
The amount of the blowing agent used is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight of pentane per 100 parts by weight of the polyol component, and preferably 0 to 3 parts by weight of water when water is used in combination.

  As the catalyst used in the present invention, conventionally used amine catalysts, metal catalysts, and the like can be used.

  Examples of the amine catalyst include N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylhexanediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylpropanediamine, N, N, N ′, N ″, N ′. '-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N, N, N', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, -dimethylbenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, triethylenediamine, N, N ', N '-Trimethylaminoethylpiperazine, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N, N', N ''-tris (3-dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydro-s-triazine, bis (dimethylaminoethyl) ether, N, N- Aminoethoxyethanol, N, N-dimethylaminohexanol, tetramethylhexanediamine, 1-methylimidazole, 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole and the like can be used.

  As the metal catalyst, for example, stannous octoate; dibutyltin dilaurate; lead octylate; potassium salts such as potassium acetate and potassium octylate can be used.

  In addition to these amine catalysts and metal catalysts, quaternary ammonium salts of fatty acids such as formic acid and acetic acid can also be used.

  Each of the above catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the catalyst used in the present invention is preferably about 0.01 to 15 parts by weight.

  Examples of the foam stabilizer used in the present invention include conventionally used silicone compounds and fluorine compounds. The amount of the foam stabilizer is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight.

  As other auxiliaries, conventionally used foam stabilizers, foam control agents, compatibilizers, fillers, dyes, pigments, flame retardants, hydrolysis inhibitors and the like can be used in appropriate amounts.

  A raw material comprising at least two components (a) and (b) of the polyisocyanate component (a) as described above and a polyol component (b) comprising a polyol, pentane, water, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer and other auxiliary agents. In order to produce a rigid polyurethane foam by reaction, a commonly used high-pressure and low-pressure rigid polyurethane foaming machine is used, and the polyisocyanate component (a), polyol, pentane, water, catalyst, foam stabilizer In addition, a foaming method can be used in which the polyol component (b) composed of other auxiliary agents is continuously or discontinuously mixed at a constant ratio.

  And, for example, as a method of introducing gas into the polyol component (b), a desired gas-liquid dispersion system is continuously provided by introducing a gas loading device including a static mixer and a forced stirring blade in the pipe. Can be created.

    In addition, the polyol component (b) that has been previously stirred externally to form a gas-liquid dispersion can be introduced into a day tank and foamed.

  As a gas loading method into the piping, as shown in FIG. 1, the polyol component (b) is sent from the tank 1 of the polyol component (b) to the gas loading device 3 provided in the piping through the metering pump 2. At the same time, gas is introduced through the gas loading device 3 and then stirred by the static mixer 4 so as to be sent directly to the mixing head 5 as a gas-liquid dispersion system.

  On the other hand, the isocyanate component (a) is sent from the tank 6 to the mixing head 5 via the metering pump 7.

  Then, the polyol component (b) and the isocyanate component (a) in the gas-liquid dispersion are reacted with each other by the mixing head 5 and discharged to produce a rigid polyurethane foam.

  According to such a method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam, by using a gas, it is possible to foam as a gas-liquid dispersion system in a short time compared to the case where liquids are made into an emulsion dispersion system.

  Although not shown in the drawings, a predetermined gas-liquid dispersion system may be used in the loading tank through a recycling path.

  The same process can be performed when a gas is introduced into the polyisocyanate component (a) to form a gas-liquid dispersion system.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
As the polyol component (b), as shown in Table 1, 70 parts by weight of polyol A, 20 parts by weight of polyol B, 10 parts by weight of polyol C, 15 parts by weight of flame retardant, 2 parts by weight of foam stabilizer, 2 parts by weight of the catalyst, 1 part by weight of water and 15 parts by weight of cyclopentane as pentane were blended, and the temperature was adjusted to 25 ° C. in advance.

Air was introduced into the 10 vol% polyol component (b) as the introduction gas in a sealing device with a stirrer where the volume of the polyol component (b) was 100 and replaced with the same gas as the introduction gas shown in Table 1. While stirring, the mixture was stirred with a stirring blade to obtain a gas-liquid dispersion system.
The amount of this gas introduced was converted from the liquid specific gravity in advance and introduced with stirring until a predetermined volume was reached.

  In addition, it confirmed with the optical microscope that the particle size of the bubble of the obtained gas-liquid dispersion system was 20 micrometers or less.

  A predetermined amount of this gas-liquid dispersion was immediately weighed, and 163 parts by weight of a polyisocyanate compound shown in Table 1 was added as an isocyanate component (a) preliminarily adjusted to 25 ° C., and immediately mixed and stirred at 4500 rpm for 5 seconds. It was poured onto an AL plate adjusted to 40 ° C. and allowed to foam freely to obtain a bunched rigid polyurethane foam.

  A part was cut out from the core of this foam, and the foam density, thermal conductivity, and cell size were measured as its physical properties.

As a result, as shown in Table 1, the foam density was 30.1 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0209 W / m · K, and the cell size was 210 μm.
According to Example 1, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

Details of the raw materials shown in Table 1 are as follows.
Polyol A: A polyether polyol having a hydroxyl value of 460 mg KOH / g, using tolylenediamine as an initiator.
Polyol B: Aromatic polyester polyol having a hydroxyl value of 250 mg KOH / g with polyethylene terephthalate as an initiator Polyol C: Glycerin Flame retardant: Trade name “TMCPP” manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
Foam stabilizer: Gold Schmidt, trade name “B-8466”
Catalyst: N, N ', N''-Tris (3-dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydro-s-triazine, trade name "Polycat-41" (Airpro) and N, N, N', N '', N "-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, trade name" Kaorizer No. 3 "(Kao Corporation) and 33% dipropylene glycol solution of triethylenediamine, trade name" Kaorizer No. 31 "(Kao Corporation) 1: 1 Mixed at 2 (weight ratio).
Isocyanate: Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (trade name “Sumijour 44V20” manufactured by Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd., NCO%: 31.0)
Air: Air in the atmosphere Nitrogen: In a commercial high-pressure cylinder, nitrogen with a purity of 98% or more Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide in a commercial liquefied carbon dioxide cylinder, purity of 98% or more

  Further, the NCO index in Table 1 represents: isocyanate index (= NCO group of polyisocyanate component / active hydrogen [equivalent ratio] of polyol component × 100).

The physical properties shown in Table 1 were measured by the following methods.
Foam density (kg / m ³ ): Conforms to JIS A-9511 Thermal conductivity (W / m · K): Average temperature using an auto λHC-074 manufactured by Eihiro Seiki Co., Ltd. by the heat flow meter method shown in JIS A-1412 Measured at 23 ° C.
Cell size: measured with an optical microscope.

(Example 2)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that air was introduced into the 25 vol% polyol component (b) as an introduction gas and mixed and stirred with a stirring blade to obtain a gas-liquid dispersion system.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 28.7 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0206 W / m · K, and the cell size was 200 μm. Met.
According to Example 2, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

(Example 3)
The polyol component (b) was the same as Example 1 except that 10 parts by weight of cyclopentane and 5 parts by weight of isopentane were blended as pentane. Further, a rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5 vol% of nitrogen was used as the introduced gas.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 30.5 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0210 W / m · K, and the cell size was 220 μm. Met.
According to Example 3, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without causing environmental destruction.

Example 4
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 15 vol% of nitrogen was used as the introduced gas.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 30.3 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0204 W / m · K, and the cell size was 180 μm. Met.
According to Example 4, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulating performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

(Example 5)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 15 vol% of carbon dioxide gas was used as the introduction gas.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 31.2 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0202 W / m · K, and the cell size was 200 μm. Met.
According to Example 5, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

(Example 6)
The same as Example 1 except that 15 parts by weight of norsolpentane was used as the pentane of the polyol component (b). Further, a rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 15 vol% of nitrogen was used as the introduced gas to obtain a gas-liquid dispersion system.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 29.5 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0228 W / m · K, and the cell size was 250 μm. Met.
According to Example 6, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

(Example 7)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 50 vol% of air was used as the introduced gas.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 28.5 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0210 W / m · K, and the cell size was 220 μm. Met.
According to Example 7, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

(Example 8)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 vol% of air as an introduction gas was introduced into the isocyanate component (a) and mixed and stirred with a stirring blade to obtain a gas-liquid dispersion system.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 30.3 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0209 W / m · K, and the cell size was 210 μm. Met.
According to Example 8, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

Example 9
Nitrogen gas as an introduction gas is used in an amount of 20 vol%, 10 vol% is introduced into the polyol component (b) and 10 vol% is introduced into the isocyanate component (a) while being mixed and stirred with a stirring blade. In the same manner as in Example 1, a rigid polyurethane foam was obtained.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 1, the foam density was 30.0 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0207 W / m · K, and the cell size was 210 μm. Met.
According to Example 9, it was possible to obtain a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent heat insulation performance by using pentane without environmental destruction.

(Comparative Example 1)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the introduced gas was not used.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 2, the foam density was 31.2 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0230 W / m · K, and the cell size was 320 μm. Met.
This rigid polyurethane foam was inferior in heat insulation performance compared to Example 1.

(Comparative Example 2)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the introduced gas was not used.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 2, the foam density was 30.6 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0240 W / m · K, and the cell size was 350 μm. Met.
This rigid polyurethane foam was inferior in heat insulation performance compared to Example 6.

(Comparative Example 3)
A rigid polyurethane foam was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that nitrogen as an introduction gas was changed to 3 vol%.
The physical properties of the obtained foam were measured in the same manner. As shown in Table 2, the foam density was 29.8 kg / m3, the thermal conductivity was 0.0232 W / m · K, and the cell size was 300 μm. Met.
This rigid polyurethane foam was inferior in heat insulation performance compared to Example 3.

It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing apparatus with which the manufacturing method of the rigid polyurethane foam of this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tank of polyol component 2 Metering pump 3 Gas loading device 4 Static mixer 5 Mixing head 6 Tank of isocyanate component 7 Metering pump

Claims (4)

Hardly reacted by reacting at least two components (a) and (b) of a polyisocyanate component (a) and a polyol component (b) consisting of polyol, pentane, water, catalyst, foam stabilizer and other auxiliary agents In producing polyurethane foam,
Uniform gas-liquid dispersion system in which a gas of 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol% is introduced into at least one of the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b) to have a bubble particle size of 20 μm or less. Then, the polyisocyanate component (a) and the polyol component (b) are mixed and reacted to form a rigid polyurethane foam.   The method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the gas is carbon dioxide.   The method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the gas has a purity of nitrogen gas of 95% or more.   The cell size of the said rigid polyurethane foam is 250 micrometers or less, The manufacturing method of the rigid polyurethane foam in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.

Images