JP4915630B2

JP4915630B2 - Water-saving valve for flow control

Info

Publication number: JP4915630B2
Application number: JP2000397988A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 健吾末国
Original assignee: 株式会社北新工業販売
Priority date: 2000-12-27
Filing date: 2000-12-27
Publication date: 2012-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 2020-12-27
Also published as: JP2002201688A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、水道栓における消費水量を合理的に節減し、設置者（設置施主）に負担をかけることなく、節水することを目的とした流量調節用節水弁に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来節水弁としては、通水孔のみ又は通水孔と通水間隙を規制して流量を調節するようにした節水弁が知られている（特開平９−１６５８０５号）。
【０００３】
【発明により解決しようとする課題】
前記従来の節水弁は、通水孔と通水間隙とは一定であったから、水圧に対応させる為には、予め水圧を想定して複数種の節水弁を備えていた。然し乍ら、高層ビルの上層と下層では各階毎に水圧が異なったり、使用時の開度によって節水量に大差を生じるなどの問題点があった。
【０００４】
また節水弁を大量に設置する場合には、一種の設備投資になるので、資金面の制約もあった。
【０００５】
【課題を解決する為の手段】
この発明は、節水孔と間隙の一方又は両方を調節できるようにして、水圧の変化に対応させることができるようにして前記従来の問題点を改善したのである。
【０００６】
また節水量の算定に際しては、水圧のみならず、使用時の弁開度も考慮し、節水率の精度を向上した。
【０００７】
更に原則的に節水費を工事費等の支払いにあてることにより、設置者の負担を軽減するなど、前記従来の問題点を解決したのである。実験の結果によれば、１年間の節水量で工事費等を全額支払うことができた。従って節水弁の耐用年限を５年とすれば、残余の４年間の節水費は設置者の収益となった。
【０００８】
即ちこの発明は、水道栓の出口側管に介装する節水弁であって、口部に外鍔を有する有底内筒の上部へ、外筒の上部を密嵌すると共に、前記内筒に設けた通水孔と、前記内筒の外壁と外筒の内壁との間隙の大小により節水率を決めるようにした節水弁において、前記内筒の外壁は、下方へ拡大したテーパー壁５ａとし、前記外筒は円筒状であって、その上部内側を内筒上部へ昇降自在に螺合させ、前記内筒のテーパー壁と、前記外筒の下端内壁により通水間隙を調節したことを特徴とする流量調節用節水弁である。
【０００９】
次に他の発明は、水道栓の出口側管に介装する節水弁であって、口部に外鍔を有する有底内筒の上部へ、外筒の上部を密嵌すると共に、前記内筒に設けた通水孔と、前記内筒の外壁と外筒の内壁との間隙の大小により節水率を決めるようにした節水弁において、前記内筒の外壁は、下方へ拡大したテーパー壁５ａとし、前記外筒は円筒状であって、その上部内側を内筒上部へ昇降自在に螺合させ、前記内筒のテーパー壁と、前記外筒の下端内壁により通水間隙を調節し、前記内筒内へ、内筒の通水孔７と重なる通水孔７ａを設けた調節筒を回転可能に内装したことを特徴とする流量調節用節水弁である。
【００１１】
前記発明において、水栓の開度は、使用者の好み、習慣その他があって、一定しないけれども、不特定多数使用する場合には、９０度〜１１０度の開度が最も多いことが判明しているので、その平均値をとれば、現実と大差のない対応ができる。前記開度とは、バルブ軸の回転角をいう。
【００１２】
節水率は一般に３０％程度までは抵抗なく受け入れられ（多くは気付かない）、実際的には５０％でも不都合を生じることはないが、４０％以上ともなると、出水量が悪いと感じる場合があるので、２０％〜３０％が好ましい。然し乍ら節水率は、最終的に施主の意向に従って定めるので、１０％〜５０％の幅がある。実験例によれば、３０％の節水までは気付く人が殆どなかった。また水圧との関係もあるので、高水圧地域では節水率が比較的高くても問題を生じないことが判明した。
【００１４】
前記において、開度が不明の場合には、平均開度（例えば１００度）を基準にして算定すれば大差はないものと認められる。
【００１５】
この発明の節水弁において、通水孔の面積の調節に調節筒を内装し、その回転角により面積を調節し、また間隙面積の調節に際しては、外筒を昇降させて間隙幅を調節したが、前記は１例であって、他の調節手段を用いることもできる。
【００１６】
更に通水孔と間隙の一方又は両方の調節については、調節量の多寡、水圧などにより適宜選定する。
【００１７】
この発明の節水弁の材質については、硬質で流水による摩耗の少ない材質、例えばステンレススチールを用いる。節水弁の材質については、耐摩耗性の他に耐蝕性であって、毒性がないことを必須要件としている。前記において摩耗部分と、他部分を別材質とすることもできる。
【００１９】
前記発明において、節水効果を確認する為に、１ヶ月〜２ヶ月間試用して、水道料金の低減を体験することも一方法であるが、一定期間水道メータを記録しても容易に節水量の算定ができる。例えばコンピュータに算定ソフトを入れることにより水道メータの数値を入れると、容易に算定値が判る。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明は、水圧の異なる場合に際しても、所定の節水率を保つべく放出水量を通水孔面積及び間隙面積で規制したものである。従って、具体的には内筒内に調節筒を回転自在に内装して調節し、内筒の外側壁をテーパーに形成して、外筒を昇降可能にし、間隙を調節している。
【００２１】
またこの発明の節水弁は、水圧、開度及び節水率に基づいて構成し、この節水弁を水栓に介装することによって所定の節水方法により目的を達成するのである。
【００２２】
また節水弁の設置について、数量が多くなると、相当多額の出費となるけれども、この発明によれば設定節水率を確実に達成できるので、節水により得た費用をその都度（例えば水道料金支払いの都度）支払えば、設置者は従来の水道料金のみで支払いを完了することができる。
【００２３】
【実施例１】
この発明の節水弁の実施例を図１、２、３、４に基づいて説明する。この節水弁３は、図４のようにバルブ１５と出水管２との間に介装して使用する。水栓１の出水管２の内側に介装できる大きさの節水弁３であって、口部に外鍔４を有する有底内筒５の上部へ外筒６の上部を螺合固定する。前記内筒５内へ、調節筒１１を回転可能に内装し、前記調節筒１１には前記内筒５の通水孔７と重なる位置で同一大きさの通水孔７ａを穿設してある。
【００２４】
前記内筒５の外壁は下方へ拡大したテーパー壁５ａとしてあり、前記外筒６の下端部の環状突条６ａの昇降による位置の変化により、前記内筒５の外壁と、前記外筒６の環状突条６ａにより決められる間隙Ｓが決められる。
【００２５】
前記において、調節筒１１を矢示１２の方向（又はその逆方向）へ回転させると、通水孔７、７ａが喰い違い、それだけ通水孔７、７ａの面積が減少する。また図１中外筒６を矢示１３の方向へ上昇させ、その環状突条６ａと、前記内筒５の環状突条５ｂと対抗した点で、間隙Ｓは最小面積となり、爾後間隙Ｓの面積が増大する。を決定する。即ち外筒６を矢示１３又は矢示１４の方向へ移動させることによって、内筒５の外壁と、外筒６の環状突条６ａによる間隙の通過面積を調節することができる。図中１１ａは、調節筒を回転させる際の器具の掛止孔である。前記における給水は、矢示８の方向から入り、矢示９のように通水孔７を通過し、矢示１０のように間隙を下方へ通過する。
【００２６】
前記実施例によれば、節水弁３の設置場所の条件（水圧、開度、節水率）に応じて通水孔７及び間隙Ｓの通過面積を調節し、所定の節水率による水量を定め、給水させることができる。
【００２７】
前記のようにして構成した節水弁３を水栓１５に介装すれば、節水弁３によって設定したとおりの節水率で給水することができる。
【００２８】
次に他の実施例を図５について説明する。前記実施例の内筒５と調節筒１６とを螺合させ、調節筒１６を右回り又は左回りに回転すれば、、調節筒１６は矢示１７又は１８の方向へ昇降するので、前記内筒５の通水孔７を、調節筒１６の下端縁１６ａで塞ぎ、又は開放することにより、通水孔７の通過面積を制御することができる。この場合には、外筒６は固定したままで一向差し支えない。
【００２９】
前記図１又は図５の実施例においては、何れも内筒５の外壁と、外筒６の内壁との間隙から給水が噴出するので、この給水は出水管２の内壁に沿って勢いよく外界に散水される。従って給水は図４中鎖線図示１９のように、出水管２の開口部から迸ることになり、給水の使用者に満足感を与える。
【００３０】
【実施例２】
この発明のシステムの実施例を図７に基づいて説明する。図７はこの発明のシステムの実施例のブロック図である。
【００３１】
先ず節水工事を受注すると、施工場所の水圧、バルブ開度及び希望節水率に基づき、通水孔及び間隙の通水面積をコンピュータなどで算定して節水弁を形成し、この節水弁を各水道栓に介装設置する。前記節水弁の設置位置により、同一建造物内でも水圧が異なるので、個別に算定する必要がある場合が多い。また水圧が変動する場所にあっては、平均水圧により処理する。
【００３２】
前記のようにして節水弁を設置した場合には、一定期間（例えば１週間、１ヶ月等）使用後、その水道料（又は消費水量）をコンピュータに入力して前年同月（又は先月）との差額を算定すると共に、上水使用料の差による下水使用料の差を算出して加え、この数値を一定の修正値（誤差及び使用水量の変動を考慮）で修正し、年間総利益を算出する。この総利益が工事費を上回った場合には、工事費を１２で割って１２ヶ月の月賦とする。
【００３３】
また年間総利益が工事費より少ない場合には、総利益が工事費を越える月数を算定し、例えば１８ヶ月又は２４ヶ月の月賦支払いとする。この場合における月賦損は、支払い月の延長などにより精算する。
【００３４】
前記は、総利益と工事費から算定したものであるが、水道の使用水量は季節以外の事情により変動があって、使用水量は確実に節約しているが、使用料は大幅に増加することがあって、支払い水道料が前年同期を上回る場合がある（例えばホテルなどの利用率が年間を通して上昇した場合）。このような時には、原因が明確であるから節水しない場合の水量を逆算し、利益を算出して前記と同様に処理する。
【００３５】
前記の外に、節水弁を１ヶ月試用し（モニター）、効果があれば買い上げとし、効果が明らかでなければ取り外す（無料）ような支払い契約に基づき一括支払いとすることもできる。
【００３６】
この発明の節水弁の設置に伴う工事費等の支払いについては、直接支払い、リース支払い（リース会社介入）、ローン支払い、モニター後の支払い等各種考えられるが、要は設置者が負担を感じない方式の支払いとすることであり、一部支払った後、一部割賦支払いとすることもできる。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
この発明の節水弁によれば、水圧、開度、節水率などに対応して他種類の節水弁を用意することなく、一種又は五、六種類の節水弁を用意するだけで、通常の給水施設の節水工事を完了することができる効果がある。
【００３８】
この発明の方法によれば、極めて簡単に所定の節水率で確実に節水できる効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施例の一部を断面した拡大正面図。
【図２】同じく横断拡大平面図。
【図３】同じく拡大平面図。
【図４】同じく使用状態を示す概念図。
【図５】同じく他の実施例の一部を断面した拡大正面図。
【図６】同じく調節手段を持たない節水弁の一部断面した拡大正面図。
【図７】同じくシステムの実施例のブロック図。
【符号の説明】
１水栓
２出水管
３節水弁
４外鍔
５内筒
６外筒
７、７ａ通水孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention reasonably saves water consumption in water faucet, without burdening the installer (installation Buyer) relates to the flow rate adjusting water saving valve for the purpose of water saving.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional water-saving valve, there is known a water-saving valve in which only a water passage hole or a water passage hole and a water passage gap are regulated to adjust a flow rate (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-165805).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional water-saving valve, since the water passage hole and the water passage gap are constant, in order to correspond to the water pressure, a plurality of types of water-saving valves are provided in advance assuming the water pressure. However, the upper and lower layers of high-rise buildings have problems such as different water pressures on each floor and large differences in water savings depending on the opening when used.
[0004]
In addition, when a large number of water-saving valves are installed, it is a kind of capital investment, so there is a financial limitation.
[0005]
[Means for solving the problems]
In the present invention, one or both of the water-saving hole and the gap can be adjusted to cope with a change in water pressure, thereby improving the conventional problem.
[0006]
In calculating the amount of water saved, not only the water pressure but also the valve opening during use was taken into account to improve the accuracy of the water saving rate.
[0007]
Furthermore, in principle, the above-mentioned conventional problems were solved, such as reducing the burden on the installer by paying water-saving costs for construction costs. According to the results of the experiment, we were able to pay all the construction costs with the amount of water saved for one year. Therefore, if the service life of the water-saving valve is 5 years, the remaining 4 years of water-saving costs will be the profit of the installer.
[0008]
That the invention provides a water saving valve you disposed to the outlet side pipe of the water faucet, the upper part of a bottomed cylinder having an outer flange on the mouth, with tightly fitting the top of the outer tube, the inner tube In the water-saving valve in which the water-saving rate is determined by the size of the gap between the water passage hole provided in the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the inner cylinder is a tapered wall 5a that expands downward. The outer cylinder is cylindrical, the upper inner side is screwed up and down freely to the upper part of the inner cylinder, and the water passage gap is adjusted by the tapered wall of the inner cylinder and the lower end inner wall of the outer cylinder. Ru der flow adjusting water saving valve, characterized.
[0009]
Next, another invention is a water-saving valve interposed in the outlet side pipe of the water faucet, wherein the upper part of the outer cylinder is closely fitted to the upper part of the bottomed inner cylinder having an outer casing at the mouth, and In the water-saving valve in which the water-saving rate is determined by the size of the gap between the water passage hole provided in the cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the inner cylinder has a tapered wall 5a that expands downward. The outer cylinder is cylindrical, and the upper inner side is screwed up and down to the upper part of the inner cylinder so as to be able to move up and down, and the water passage gap is adjusted by the tapered wall of the inner cylinder and the lower end inner wall of the outer cylinder, The flow control water-saving valve is characterized in that an adjustment cylinder provided with a water passage hole 7a overlapping the water passage hole 7 of the inner cylinder is rotatably mounted inside the inner cylinder .
[0011]
In the above invention, the opening degree of the faucet is not constant due to the user's preference, customs, etc., but it is found that the opening degree of 90 degrees to 110 degrees is the largest when using an unspecified number. Therefore, if the average value is taken, it is possible to cope with not much different from the reality. The opening degree refers to the rotation angle of the valve shaft.
[0012]
Water saving rate is generally accepted up to about 30% without resistance (not noticeable in many cases), and practically even 50% will not cause inconvenience, but if it exceeds 40%, it may feel that the amount of water discharge is bad Therefore, 20% to 30% is preferable. However, since the water saving rate is finally determined according to the intention of the owner, there is a range of 10% to 50%. According to the experimental example, few people noticed up to 30% water saving. In addition, since it has a relationship with the water pressure, it was found that there is no problem even if the water saving rate is relatively high in the high water pressure region.
[0014]
In the above description, when the opening degree is unknown, it is recognized that there is no big difference if it is calculated based on the average opening degree (for example, 100 degrees).
[0015]
In the water-saving valve of the present invention, an adjustment cylinder is provided to adjust the area of the water passage hole, the area is adjusted by the rotation angle, and the gap area is adjusted by raising and lowering the outer cylinder to adjust the gap width. The above is an example, and other adjusting means can be used.
[0016]
Further, the adjustment of one or both of the water passage hole and the gap is appropriately selected depending on the amount of adjustment and the water pressure.
[0017]
As a material for the water-saving valve of the present invention, a material that is hard and less worn by running water, such as stainless steel, is used. As for the material of the water-saving valve, it is an essential requirement that it is corrosion-resistant in addition to wear resistance and is not toxic. In the above, the worn part and the other part may be made of different materials.
[0019]
In the above-mentioned invention, in order to confirm the water-saving effect, it is one method to try for one month to two months and experience the reduction of the water charge. Can be calculated. For example, if you put the value of a water meter by putting calculation software in a computer, the calculated value can be easily found.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, even when the water pressure is different, the amount of discharged water is regulated by the water hole area and the gap area in order to maintain a predetermined water saving rate. Therefore, specifically, the adjustment cylinder is rotatably mounted and adjusted in the inner cylinder, the outer wall of the inner cylinder is formed into a taper, the outer cylinder can be moved up and down, and the gap is adjusted.
[0021]
Moreover, the water-saving valve of this invention is comprised based on a water pressure, an opening degree, and a water-saving rate, and the objective is achieved by the predetermined water-saving method by interposing this water-saving valve in a faucet.
[0022]
Further, regarding the installation of water-saving valves, although a large amount of money will result in a considerable expense, according to the present invention, the set water-saving rate can be reliably achieved, so the cost obtained by water-saving is in each case (for example, each time a water bill is paid) ) If paying, the installer can complete the payment only with the conventional water bill.
[0023]
[Example 1]
An embodiment of the water-saving valve of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The water saving valve 3 is used by being interposed between the valve 15 and the water discharge pipe 2 as shown in FIG. The water-saving valve 3 has a size that can be interposed inside the water discharge pipe 2 of the faucet 1, and the upper part of the outer cylinder 6 is screwed and fixed to the upper part of the bottomed inner cylinder 5 having the outer casing 4 at the mouth. An adjustment cylinder 11 is rotatably mounted in the inner cylinder 5, and the adjustment cylinder 11 has a water passage hole 7 a having the same size at a position overlapping the water passage hole 7 of the inner cylinder 5. .
[0024]
The outer wall of the inner cylinder 5 is a taper wall 5a that expands downward, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder 6 A gap S determined by the annular ridge 6a is determined.
[0025]
In the above, when the adjustment cylinder 11 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 12 (or the opposite direction), the water passage holes 7 and 7a are different and the area of the water passage holes 7 and 7a is reduced accordingly. Further, the outer cylinder 6 in FIG. 1 is raised in the direction of the arrow 13, and the gap S is the minimum area in that it faces the annular protrusion 6a and the annular protrusion 5b of the inner cylinder 5, and the area of the rear gap S is shown in FIG. Will increase. To decide. That is, by moving the outer cylinder 6 in the direction of arrow 13 or arrow 14, the passage area of the gap between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5 and the annular protrusion 6a of the outer cylinder 6 can be adjusted. In the figure, 11a is a retaining hole of the instrument when the adjusting cylinder is rotated. The water supply enters from the direction of arrow 8, passes through the water passage hole 7 as indicated by arrow 9, and passes downward through the gap as indicated by arrow 10.
[0026]
According to the embodiment, the passage area of the water hole 7 and the gap S is adjusted according to the conditions (water pressure, opening degree, water saving rate) of the installation location of the water saving valve 3, and the amount of water by a predetermined water saving rate is determined. Water can be supplied.
[0027]
If the water-saving valve 3 configured as described above is interposed in the faucet 15, water can be supplied at a water-saving rate as set by the water-saving valve 3.
[0028]
Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. If the inner cylinder 5 and the adjustment cylinder 16 of the embodiment are screwed together and the adjustment cylinder 16 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, the adjustment cylinder 16 moves up and down in the direction of the arrow 17 or 18. The passage area of the water passage hole 7 can be controlled by closing or opening the water passage hole 7 of the cylinder 5 with the lower end edge 16 a of the adjustment cylinder 16. In this case, the outer cylinder 6 may be fixed in one direction while being fixed.
[0029]
In any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 5, since water supply is ejected from the gap between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 5 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 6, this water supply is vigorously moved along the inner wall of the outlet pipe 2. Watered. Accordingly, the water is fed from the opening of the outlet pipe 2 as shown by a chain line 19 in FIG. 4, which gives satisfaction to the user of the water supply.
[0030]
[Example 2]
An embodiment of the system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the system of the present invention.
[0031]
First, when an order was received for water-saving work, water-saving valves were formed by calculating the water-flow area of the water-holes and gaps with a computer, etc., based on the water pressure, valve opening and desired water-saving rate at the construction site. Install in the stopper. Depending on the installation position of the water-saving valve, the water pressure is different even within the same building, so it is often necessary to calculate separately. In places where the water pressure fluctuates, treatment is performed using the average water pressure.
[0032]
When a water-saving valve is installed as described above, after using it for a certain period (for example, 1 week, 1 month, etc.), the water charge (or water consumption) is input to the computer and the same month as the previous year (or last month). Calculate the difference and calculate the difference in the sewage usage fee due to the difference in the water usage fee, and then correct this number with a certain correction value (considering the error and fluctuations in the amount of water used) to calculate the annual gross profit To do. If this gross profit exceeds the construction cost, the construction cost is divided by 12 to obtain a monthly installment of 12 months.
[0033]
When the annual gross profit is less than the construction cost, the number of months when the gross profit exceeds the construction cost is calculated, and for example, the monthly payment is 18 months or 24 months. In this case, the monthly impairment is settled by extending the payment month.
[0034]
The above is calculated from gross profit and construction costs, but the amount of water used varies depending on circumstances other than the season, and the amount of water used is definitely saved, but the usage fee increases significantly. In some cases, the amount of water bills paid may exceed that of the same period of the previous year (for example, when the usage rate of hotels, etc. increases throughout the year). In such a case, since the cause is clear, the amount of water when water is not saved is calculated backward, and the profit is calculated and processed in the same manner as described above.
[0035]
In addition to the above, the water-saving valve can be used for one month (monitor), purchased if it is effective, and can be paid in a lump sum based on a payment contract that is removed (free) if the effect is not obvious.
[0036]
Various payments such as direct payments, lease payments (lease company intervention), loan payments, and post-monitoring payments can be considered for the construction costs associated with the installation of the water-saving valve of the present invention. This is a method of payment, and after partial payment, it can also be partial installment payment.
[0037]
【Effect of the invention】
According to the water-saving valve of the present invention, normal water supply can be performed only by preparing one, five, or six types of water-saving valves without preparing other types of water-saving valves corresponding to water pressure, opening degree, water-saving rate, etc. There is an effect that the water-saving work of the facility can be completed.
[0038]
According to the method of the present invention, there is an effect that water can be reliably and reliably saved at a predetermined water saving rate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged front view of a part of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional enlarged plan view.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the usage state.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing a cross section of another part of the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view, partly in section, of a water-saving valve that also has no adjusting means.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the system.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Faucet 2 Drain pipe 3 Water-saving valve 4 Outer rod 5 Inner cylinder 6 Outer cylinder 7, 7a Water passage hole

Claims

A water-saving valve interposed in the outlet pipe of the water tap, wherein the upper part of the outer cylinder is screwed into the upper part of the bottomed inner cylinder having an outer casing at the mouth, and the water passage hole provided in the inner cylinder In the water saving valve, the water saving rate is determined by the size of the gap between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The outer wall of the inner cylinder is a tapered wall 5a that expands downward, and the outer cylinder is a cylinder. The inner side of the inner cylinder is screwed up and down to the upper part of the inner cylinder so as to freely move up and down, the water passage area is adjusted by the tapered wall of the inner cylinder and the annular protrusion 6a of the outer cylinder, and into the inner cylinder, A water-saving valve for flow control, wherein an adjustment cylinder provided with a water passage hole 7a of the same size is rotatably mounted at a position overlapping with the water passage hole 7 of the inner cylinder.