JP4914622B2 - How to renovate building exterior - Google Patents
How to renovate building exterior Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4914622B2 JP4914622B2 JP2006058501A JP2006058501A JP4914622B2 JP 4914622 B2 JP4914622 B2 JP 4914622B2 JP 2006058501 A JP2006058501 A JP 2006058501A JP 2006058501 A JP2006058501 A JP 2006058501A JP 4914622 B2 JP4914622 B2 JP 4914622B2
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- weight
- paint
- resin
- parts
- wall
- Prior art date
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Landscapes
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
本発明は、建築物外壁の改装方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for refurbishing a building outer wall.
近年、ビル、集合住宅、戸建住宅等の建築物においては、高断熱化・高気密化によって、冷暖房費の節約を図り、省エネルギーを実現しようとする動きが盛んである。一般に、断熱設計を施していない建築物では、冬期の暖房時には屋根、床、窓、壁等の部位から室内の熱が逃げ、夏期の冷房時にはこれら部位から屋外の熱が侵入してしまうが、このような熱損失の約３分の１は壁面に起因すると言われている。このため、建築物の省エネルギー化を実現するには、室内と屋外を隔てる外壁の高断熱化が不可欠であり、壁面を構成する基材に断熱材を複合化して断熱性を高める手法が多く提案されている。 In recent years, in buildings, apartment houses, detached houses, and the like, there have been active efforts to achieve energy saving by saving air conditioning costs by increasing heat insulation and airtightness. In general, in buildings that are not designed for thermal insulation, indoor heat escapes from the roof, floor, windows, walls, etc. during heating in the winter, and outdoor heat enters from these parts during cooling in the summer. It is said that about one third of such heat loss is caused by the wall surface. For this reason, in order to achieve energy saving in buildings, it is essential to increase the heat insulation of the outer wall that separates the room from the outside, and many proposals have been made to increase the heat insulation by combining heat insulating materials with the base material that constitutes the wall surface. Has been.
一方、ビル、集合住宅、戸建住宅等の建築物外壁においては、その美観性向上等を目的として、様々な塗料によって塗膜が形成されている。このうち、有機質樹脂を結合材とする有機系塗料は、配合設計の自由度が高く様々な色相・意匠性が付与でき、またその塗膜が適度な可とう性を有し、さらにはコスト面においても有利であることから汎用的に使用されている。上述のような断熱性を高めた外壁においても有機系塗料が用いられている。但し、一般的な有機系塗料の塗膜は、屋外において長期にわたり曝露されると、太陽光、降雨、粉塵等の影響により劣化や汚染が進行してしまうため、概ね１０年程度で塗り替えの必要が生じてくる。 On the other hand, on exterior walls of buildings such as buildings, apartment houses, and detached houses, coatings are formed with various paints for the purpose of improving aesthetics. Of these, organic paints that use organic resins as binders have a high degree of freedom in compounding design and can impart a variety of hues and design properties. Is also used for general purposes. Organic coatings are also used on the outer wall with improved heat insulation as described above. However, if the coating film of a general organic paint is exposed outdoors for a long time, it will deteriorate and contaminate due to the influence of sunlight, rain, dust, etc., so it needs to be repainted in about 10 years. Will arise.
ところが、断熱性壁の外面に形成された有機系塗料の塗膜を塗り替える際には、いくつかの問題点がある。
第一には、塗膜に対する熱負荷の問題である。上述のように建築物外壁の断熱性を高めれば、その屋外側表面では太陽光直射による熱の逃げ場がなくなる。そのため、外壁の屋外側表面に形成された塗膜は、その影響を直接的に受け、温度が非常に上昇しやすい状態となる。このような温度上昇は、塗膜膨れや剥れ等の異常を誘発する場合がある。
第二には、水分の問題である。通常、有機系塗料ではその塗膜表面が外気に直接曝されていると、劣化の進行とともに降雨等による水分が塗膜表面から吸収されやすくなり、その水分が塗膜内ないし基材内に滞留しやすくなる。基材の裏面等から水分が取り込まれる場合もある。このような状態の塗膜面に対し、通常の塗料で改装を行うと、塗膜の内側に水分が閉じ込められてしまい、その水分の蒸発に伴って、高い確率で塗膜膨れ等の異常が発生する。外壁が断熱性を有する場合は、特に、塗膜の温度上昇が大きくなるため、水分の蒸発による膨れ等が発生しやすくなる。
However, there are several problems when repainting the organic paint film formed on the outer surface of the heat insulating wall.
The first is a problem of heat load on the coating film. If the heat insulating property of the building outer wall is improved as described above, the heat escape area by direct sunlight is eliminated on the outdoor side surface. Therefore, the coating film formed on the outdoor side surface of the outer wall is directly affected by it, and the temperature tends to rise very easily. Such a temperature rise may induce abnormalities such as swelling and peeling of the coating film.
Second is the problem of moisture. In general, when the coating surface is exposed directly to the outside air in organic coatings, moisture due to rain or the like is likely to be absorbed from the coating surface with the progress of deterioration, and the moisture stays in the coating or substrate. It becomes easy to do. In some cases, moisture is taken in from the back surface of the substrate. If the coating surface in such a state is renovated with normal paint, moisture is trapped inside the coating, and with the evaporation of the moisture, abnormalities such as coating swelling are likely to occur. appear. In particular, when the outer wall has a heat insulating property, the temperature rise of the coating film becomes large, so that swelling due to evaporation of moisture tends to occur.
以上のように、断熱性壁上に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜を改装しようとすると、施工後、経時的に膨れ、剥れ等が発生するおそれがある。このため、通常は、塗膜を物理的にケレンしたり、塗膜剥離剤を使用したりする方法等によって旧塗膜を除去した後に、改装用塗料を塗付する手法が採用されている。しかし、旧塗膜の除去作業は、多大な労力と時間を必要とするものであり、工事のコストの点においても不利である。また、完全に旧塗膜を除去することが困難な場合には、下地調整処理を入念に行う必要があり、塗装工程が煩雑となってしまうという問題も生じる。 As described above, if an old paint film of an organic paint formed on a heat insulating wall is to be refurbished, there is a risk that swelling, peeling, etc. may occur over time after construction. For this reason, usually, a method of applying the renovation paint after removing the old paint film by a method of physically cleansing the paint film or using a paint film remover is employed. However, the operation of removing the old coating film requires a great deal of labor and time, and is disadvantageous in terms of construction costs. In addition, when it is difficult to completely remove the old coating film, it is necessary to carefully perform the base preparation process, which causes a problem that the coating process becomes complicated.
特許文献１には、旧塗膜の改装方法として、シーラーを塗装した後に弾性塗料を塗装する方法が記載されている。しかしながら、断熱性壁の屋外側表面に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜に対してこの方法を適用しても、経時的な膨れ発生や、剥れ発生等を防ぐことは困難である。また、特許文献１の塗装方法で得られた塗膜には、自動車等からの排出ガスに由来する油性の汚染物質が付着しやすく、せっかく改装を行ってもその美観性を維持することは難しい。さらに、これら汚染物質が蓄熱源となって塗膜膨れを誘発するおそれもある。 Patent Document 1 describes a method of applying an elastic paint after applying a sealer as a method for refurbishing an old paint film. However, even if this method is applied to the old coating film of the organic paint formed on the outdoor side surface of the heat insulating wall, it is difficult to prevent the occurrence of blistering or peeling over time. Moreover, the oily contaminant derived from the exhaust gas from a motor vehicle etc. tends to adhere to the coating film obtained by the coating method of patent document 1, and it is difficult to maintain the aesthetics even if it is renovated. . Furthermore, these contaminants may become a heat storage source and induce blistering.
本発明はこのような課題に鑑みなされたもので、断熱性壁の屋外側表面に形成された有機系塗料の旧塗膜に適した改装方法を提供することを目的とするものである。 This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, and it aims at providing the remodeling method suitable for the old coating film of the organic type coating formed in the outdoor side surface of a heat insulation wall.
このような課題を解決するため本発明者らは鋭意検討を行った結果、特定の塗料用樹脂と変性シリケートを必須成分とし、特定の赤外反射性と水蒸気透過性を有する塗料を使用すれば、塗膜の温度上昇が抑制され、さらには塗膜内ないし基材内の水分が塗膜外に放散されることによって、塗膜の膨れ、剥れ等の発生を十分に防止できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 In order to solve such problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, if a specific paint resin and a modified silicate are essential components, and a paint having a specific infrared reflectivity and water vapor permeability is used. The temperature rise of the coating film is suppressed, and furthermore, the moisture in the coating film or the base material is diffused out of the coating film, and it is found that the occurrence of swelling, peeling, etc. of the coating film can be sufficiently prevented. The present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明は以下の特徴を有するものである。
１．建築物外壁の屋外側に形成された旧塗膜面に対し、少なくとも１種の着色塗料を塗付する建築物外壁の改装方法であって、
（１）外壁が、熱貫流率５．０Ｗ／（ｍ２・Ｋ）以下の断熱性壁であり、
（２）旧塗膜面が、有機質樹脂を結合材とする塗料によって形成された塗膜を有するものであり、
（３）着色塗料が、ガラス転移温度−２０〜８０℃である塗料用樹脂の固形分１００重量部に対し、耐汚染性向上成分としてシリケート化合物をＳｉＯ２換算で０．１〜２０重量部含有し、
前記塗料用樹脂として、非水分散形アクリルポリオールとポリイソシアネートを含み、
前記シリケート化合物として、テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（ａ）が、グリセリン（ｂ）によって変性された変性シリケート化合物を含み、赤外線反射率２０％以上、水蒸気透過度４０ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ以上の塗膜を形成する塗料であることを特徴とする建築物外壁の改装方法。
２．前記変性シリケート化合物として、メトキシ基と炭素数３〜１２の分岐アルコキシル基を有するものを含むことを特徴とする１．に記載の建築物外壁の改装方法。
３．前記変性シリケート化合物として、メトキシ基とイソブトキシ基を有するものを含むことを特徴とする１．または２．に記載の建築物外壁の改装方法。
That is, the present invention has the following characteristics.
1. A method of refurbishing a building outer wall, wherein at least one colored paint is applied to an old paint film surface formed on the outdoor side of the building outer wall,
(1) The outer wall is a heat insulating wall having a thermal conductivity of 5.0 W / (m 2 · K) or less,
(2) The old paint film surface has a paint film formed by a paint having an organic resin as a binder,
(3) The coloring paint contains 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a silicate compound in terms of SiO 2 as a stain resistance improving component with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the coating resin having a glass transition temperature of −20 to 80 ° C. And
As the coating resin, a non-aqueous dispersion type acrylic polyol and polyisocyanate are included,
As the silicate compound, a tetraalkoxysilane condensate (a) includes a modified silicate compound modified with glycerin (b), and has a coating film having an infrared reflectance of 20% or more and a water vapor transmission rate of 40 g / m 2 · 24 h or more. A method of refurbishing a building outer wall, characterized by being a paint to be formed.
2. The modified silicate compound includes a compound having a methoxy group and a branched alkoxyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Renovation method of building exterior wall as described in.
3. The modified silicate compound includes a compound having a methoxy group and an isobutoxy group. Or 2. Renovation method of building exterior wall as described in.
本発明は、断熱性壁の屋外側表面に形成された有機系旧塗膜の改装に適したものであり、改装後の塗膜における塗膜の膨れ発生や剥れ発生等を長期にわたり十分に抑制することができる。さらに、改装後の塗膜の美観性を長期にわたり維持することもできる。 The present invention is suitable for refurbishing the old organic coating film formed on the outdoor surface of the heat-insulating wall, and sufficiently prevents the occurrence of blistering and peeling of the coating film after renovation over a long period of time. Can be suppressed. Furthermore, the aesthetics of the refurbished coating film can be maintained for a long time.
本発明は、建築物外壁の屋外側に形成された旧塗膜面に対する改装方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a refurbishing method for an old paint film formed on the outdoor side of a building outer wall.
まず、本発明の対象となる外壁は、熱貫流率５．０Ｗ／（ｍ２・Ｋ）以下の断熱性壁である。このような断熱性壁は、建築物の高断熱化・高気密化には欠くことができないものであるが、太陽光が直射する部位においては、その屋外側表面に形成された塗膜に大きな熱負荷を与えてしまうものである。特に、本発明は、高い断熱性能を有する外壁、すなわち熱貫流率が１．０Ｗ／（ｍ２・Ｋ）以下、さらには０．５０Ｗ／（ｍ２・Ｋ）以下である断熱性壁に適用した場合において顕著な効果を発揮することができる。 First, the outer wall which is the subject of the present invention is a heat insulating wall having a thermal conductivity of 5.0 W / (m 2 · K) or less. Such a heat insulating wall is indispensable for high thermal insulation and high airtightness of buildings. However, in a part where sunlight directly shines, the coating film formed on the outdoor surface is large. It will give a heat load. In particular, the present invention includes an outer wall having a high heat insulating performance, i.e. heat transmission coefficient is 1.0W / (m 2 · K) or less, more applicable to 0.50W / (m 2 · K) or less is heat-insulating wall In this case, a remarkable effect can be exhibited.
このような断熱性壁は、１種または２種以上の部材からなるものである。断熱性壁を構成する部材としては、基材のみの場合と、基材と断熱材を組合せた場合があり、例えば、軽量モルタル、軽量コンクリート、けい酸カルシウム板、ＡＬＣ板、サイディングボード、石膏ボード、スレート板、コンクリート、モルタル等の基材；グラスウール、ロックウール、セルロースファイバー等の繊維系断熱材や、ポリエチレンフォーム、ポリスチレンフォーム、ポリウレタンフォーム等の発泡プラスチック系断熱材等に例示される断熱材等が挙げられる。このうち、本発明における断熱性壁には、通常、熱伝導率が０．５Ｗ／（ｍ・Ｋ）以下の部材が少なくとも１種含まれる。
本発明は、断熱性壁が熱貫流率の低い基材である場合や、少なくとも上述のような基材と断熱材との複合体によって構成される場合において特に効果的である。
Such a heat insulating wall is made of one or more members. As a member constituting the heat insulating wall, there are a case where only a base material is used and a case where a base material and a heat insulating material are combined. For example, lightweight mortar, lightweight concrete, calcium silicate board, ALC board, siding board, gypsum board Substrates such as slate plate, concrete, mortar; fiber insulation such as glass wool, rock wool and cellulose fiber; insulation exemplified by foamed plastic insulation such as polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam, etc. Is mentioned. Among these, the heat insulating wall in the present invention usually contains at least one member having a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m · K) or less.
The present invention is particularly effective in the case where the heat insulating wall is a base material having a low heat transmissibility, or in the case where the heat insulating wall is constituted by at least a composite of the base material and the heat insulating material as described above.
なお、本発明における熱貫流率は、住宅金融公庫監修「木造住宅工事共通仕様書（解説付）」の付録４「熱貫流率の計算方法」に基づく計算値であり、以下の手順によって求められる値である。
（１）式１により、外壁を構成する各部材の熱伝導率と厚さから熱抵抗を算出する。
熱抵抗＝厚さ／熱伝導率・・・（式１）
（２）式２により、各部材の熱抵抗と空気の熱抵抗（熱伝達抵抗）から熱貫流抵抗を算出する。
熱貫流抵抗＝屋内側空気の熱抵抗＋各部材の熱抵抗の合計＋屋外側空気の熱抵抗・・・（式２）
（但し、屋内側空気の熱抵抗は０．１１ｍ２・Ｋ／Ｗ、屋外側空気の熱抵抗は０．０４ｍ２・Ｋ／Ｗとする）
（３）式３により、熱貫流抵抗から熱貫流率を算出する。
熱貫流率＝１／熱貫流抵抗・・・（式３）
The heat transmissivity in the present invention is a calculated value based on Appendix 4 “Calculation method of heat transmissibility” in “Finished wooden house construction common specification (with commentary)” supervised by the Housing Finance Corporation, and is obtained by the following procedure. Value.
(1) From Equation 1, the thermal resistance is calculated from the thermal conductivity and thickness of each member constituting the outer wall.
Thermal resistance = thickness / thermal conductivity (Equation 1)
(2) The thermal flow resistance is calculated from the thermal resistance of each member and the thermal resistance of the air (heat transfer resistance) according to Equation (2).
Thermal through-flow resistance = thermal resistance of indoor air + total thermal resistance of each member + thermal resistance of outdoor air (Equation 2)
(However, the thermal resistance of the indoor side air 0.11m 2 · K / W, the thermal resistance of the outdoor side air to 0.04m 2 · K / W)
(3) The thermal transmissivity is calculated from the thermal transmissivity by Equation 3.
Thermal flow rate = 1 / Heat flow resistance (Equation 3)
本発明における旧塗膜面は、有機質樹脂を結合材とする塗料（以下、「有機系塗料」ともいう）によって形成された塗膜を有するものである。
有機系塗料としては、有機質樹脂を含む各種の塗料が挙げられる。具体的には、例えば、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６５４「アクリル樹脂エナメル」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６７０「アクリル樹脂系非水分散形塗料」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６５６「建築用ポリウレタン樹脂塗料」、ＪＡＳＳ１８ Ｍ−４０４「アクリルシリコン樹脂塗料」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６５８「建築用ふっ素樹脂塗料」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６６０「つや有合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６６３「合成樹脂エマルションペイント」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６６７「多彩模様塗料」、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６６８「合成樹脂エマルション模様塗料」、ＪＩＳ Ａ６９０９「建築用仕上塗材」の外装薄塗材Ｅ、可とう形外装薄塗材Ｅ、防水形外装薄塗材Ｅ、外装厚塗材Ｅ、複層塗材Ｅ、防水形複層塗材Ｅ、複層塗材ＲＥ、防水形複層塗材ＲＥ、複層塗材ＲＳ、防水形複層塗材ＲＥ等が挙げられる。
The old paint film surface in the present invention has a paint film formed by a paint using an organic resin as a binder (hereinafter also referred to as “organic paint”).
Examples of the organic paint include various paints containing an organic resin. Specifically, for example, JIS K5654 “acrylic resin enamel”, JIS K5670 “acrylic resin-based non-aqueous dispersion paint”, JIS K5656 “polyurethane resin paint for construction”, JASS18 M-404 “acrylic silicone resin paint”, JIS K5658 “Fluorine resin paint for building”, JIS K5660 “Synthetic resin emulsion paint”, JIS K5663 “Synthetic resin emulsion paint”, JIS K5667 “Multi-color paint”, JIS K5668 “Synthetic resin emulsion paint”, JIS A6909 “ Exterior finish coating materials for architectural finishes ”, flexible exterior coating materials E, waterproof exterior coating materials E, exterior thick coating materials E, multilayer coating materials E, waterproof multilayer coating materials E, multilayer coating materials RE, Waterproof multilayer coating material RE, multilayer coating material RS, waterproof multilayer coating material RE, etc. .
有機系塗料における有機質樹脂としては、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂のいずれであってもよく、例えば、アクリル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリルシリコン樹脂、ふっ素樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、アルキッド樹脂等が挙げられる。本発明は、特に有機質樹脂が熱可塑性樹脂である場合において有利な効果を奏することができる。
有機系塗料における有機質樹脂の含有量は特に限定されないが、有機系塗料の固形分中に通常５重量％以上、好ましくは２０重量％以上である。
The organic resin in the organic paint may be either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. For example, acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic silicon resin, fluorine resin, epoxy resin. , Polyester resin, melamine resin, alkyd resin and the like. The present invention can provide advantageous effects particularly when the organic resin is a thermoplastic resin.
The content of the organic resin in the organic paint is not particularly limited, but is usually 5% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight or more in the solid content of the organic paint.
有機系塗料によって形成される塗膜の厚みは、塗料の形態にもよるが、通常０．０２〜１０ｍｍ程度である。本発明では、特に塗膜が１ｍｍ以上の厚みを有する場合においても、改装後の塗膜膨れや剥れを防止することができる。このような厚膜の塗膜を形成する塗料としては、例えばＪＩＳ Ａ６９０９「建築用仕上塗材」の外装厚塗材Ｅ等が挙げられる。 The thickness of the coating film formed by the organic paint is usually about 0.02 to 10 mm, although it depends on the form of the paint. In the present invention, even when the coating film has a thickness of 1 mm or more, it is possible to prevent swelling and peeling of the coating film after refurbishment. As a paint for forming such a thick coating film, for example, an exterior thick coating material E of JIS A6909 “Finishing finish coating material” can be cited.
本発明における旧塗膜面は、このような有機系塗料の塗膜を有するものであれば単層塗膜であっても複層塗膜であってもよいが、本発明では、特に有機系塗料の塗膜が旧塗膜の屋外側最表面に存在する場合に、大きな効果を得ることができる。 The old coating surface in the present invention may be a single-layer coating film or a multi-layer coating film as long as it has such an organic coating film. A great effect can be obtained when the paint film is present on the outermost surface of the old paint film.
本発明では、上述の旧塗膜面に対して着色塗料を塗付する。この着色塗料は、ガラス転移温度（以下「Ｔｇ」ともいう）−２０〜８０℃である塗料用樹脂と特定の変性シリケート化合物を含み、赤外線反射率が２０％以上、水蒸気透過度が４０ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ以上の塗膜を形成するものである。このような特徴を有する着色塗料は、塗膜の温度上昇を抑制するとともに、塗膜内ないし基材内の水分を塗膜外に放散させることにより、塗膜の膨れ発生や剥れ発生等を長期にわたり十分に抑制する機能を発揮することができる。さらに、塗膜表面への汚染物質の付着を抑制することにより、初期の美観性を長期にわたり維持することができ、汚染物質の蓄熱に起因する塗膜膨れ等を抑制することもできる。 In the present invention, a colored paint is applied to the above-mentioned old paint film surface. This colored paint includes a coating resin having a glass transition temperature (hereinafter also referred to as “Tg”) of −20 to 80 ° C. and a specific modified silicate compound, an infrared reflectance of 20% or more, and a water vapor transmission rate of 40 g / m. It forms a coating film longer than 2.24h. The colored paint having such characteristics suppresses the temperature rise of the coating film, and dissipates the moisture in the coating film or the substrate to the outside of the coating film, thereby causing the coating film to swell or peel off. A function of sufficiently suppressing over a long period can be exhibited. Furthermore, by suppressing the adhesion of contaminants to the surface of the coating film, the initial aesthetics can be maintained for a long time, and swelling of the coating film due to heat storage of the contaminants can also be suppressed.
着色塗料による形成塗膜の赤外線反射率は２０％以上であり、好ましくは４０％以上、より好ましくは５０％以上である。赤外線反射率が２０％より低い場合は、改装後に膨れや剥れが発生しやすくなる。なお、本発明における赤外線反射率は、波長８００〜２１００ｎｍの光に対する分光反射率を測定し、その平均値を算出することにより得られる値である。 The infrared reflectance of the coating film formed with the colored paint is 20% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more. When the infrared reflectance is lower than 20%, swelling or peeling tends to occur after refurbishment. In addition, the infrared reflectance in this invention is a value obtained by measuring the spectral reflectance with respect to the light of wavelength 800-2100nm, and calculating the average value.
着色塗料による形成塗膜の水蒸気透過度は４０ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ以上、好ましくは５０ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ以上である。着色塗料の形成塗膜がこのような水蒸気透過性能を有することより、塗膜内ないし基材内の水分が塗膜外に放散され、塗膜膨れ等の原因となる局所的な圧力上昇が抑制される。水蒸気透過度が４０ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ未満である場合は、改装後の塗膜に膨れや剥れが発生しやすくなる。
水蒸気透過度の上限は特に制限されないが、水蒸気透過度が大きすぎる場合は、遮水性が不十分となりやすく、旧塗膜に水が浸入するおそれがある。水蒸気透過度の上限は通常５００ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ以下である。
なお、本発明における水蒸気透過度は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５４００−１９９０「塗料一般試験方法」８．１７「水蒸気透過度」の方法によって測定される値である。
The water vapor permeability of the coating film formed with the colored paint is 40 g / m 2 · 24 h or more, preferably 50 g / m 2 · 24 h or more. Since the coating film of the colored paint has such water vapor transmission performance, moisture in the coating film or in the substrate is diffused outside the coating film, and the local pressure rise that causes swelling of the coating film is suppressed. Is done. When the water vapor transmission rate is less than 40 g / m 2 · 24 h, the refurbished coating film tends to be swollen or peeled off.
The upper limit of the water vapor transmission rate is not particularly limited, but if the water vapor transmission rate is too high, the water barrier property tends to be insufficient and water may enter the old coating film. The upper limit of water vapor permeability is usually 500 g / m 2 · 24 h or less.
The water vapor permeability in the present invention is a value measured by the method of JIS K5400-1990 “Paint General Test Method” 8.17 “Water Vapor Permeability”.
着色塗料を構成する塗料用樹脂としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリルシリコン樹脂、フッ素樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等、あるいはこれらの複合系等を挙げることができる。これらは１種または２種以上で使用することができる。かかる塗料用樹脂の形態としては、溶剤可溶性樹脂、非水分散性樹脂、水溶性樹脂、水分散性樹脂、無溶剤型樹脂等が挙げられる。 Examples of the paint resin constituting the colored paint include acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyether resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic silicon resin, fluororesin, vinyl acetate resin, epoxy resin, or a composite system thereof. Can do. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of the form of the coating resin include solvent-soluble resins, non-water dispersible resins, water-soluble resins, water-dispersible resins, and solvent-free resins.
このうち、溶剤可溶性樹脂及び／または非水分散性樹脂としては、非水系溶剤を媒体とするものであって、当該全溶剤のうち５０重量％以上（好ましくは６０重量％以上）が脂肪族炭化水素である所謂弱溶剤形樹脂が好適である。かかる弱溶剤形樹脂は、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤を主溶剤とする強溶剤形樹脂に比べ、低毒性であり、作業上の安全性が高く、さらには既存塗膜上に塗装を行った際のリフティング発生を抑制できる等の特徴を有するものである。脂肪族炭化水素としては、例えば、ｎ−ヘキサン、ｎ−ペンタン、ｎ−オクタン、ｎ−ノナン、ｎ−デカン、ｎ−ウンデカン、ｎ−ドデカン等が挙げられ、この他、テルピン油やミネラルスピリット等の脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤を使用することもできる。特に、トルエン、キシレンを含まず、引火点２１℃以上の第２石油類に該当するものが、安全衛生上好ましい。本発明では、塗料用樹脂としてかかる弱溶剤形樹脂を使用した場合において、特に優れた効果を得ることができる。塗料用樹脂として非水分散性樹脂を含む場合は、水蒸気透過性の点においても好適である。 Among these, the solvent-soluble resin and / or the non-aqueous dispersible resin is a non-aqueous solvent as a medium, and 50% by weight or more (preferably 60% by weight or more) of the total solvent is aliphatic carbonized. A so-called weak solvent resin which is hydrogen is preferred. Such weak solvent resins are less toxic and have higher work safety compared to strong solvent resins that use aromatic hydrocarbon solvents as the main solvent, and when applied to existing coatings. It has a feature that the occurrence of lifting can be suppressed. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon include n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, and the like. In addition, terpine oil, mineral spirit, etc. Other aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents can also be used. In particular, those which do not contain toluene and xylene and correspond to the second petroleum having a flash point of 21 ° C. or higher are preferable in terms of safety and health. In the present invention, when such a weak solvent type resin is used as a coating resin, a particularly excellent effect can be obtained. When a non-water dispersible resin is included as a coating resin, it is also preferable in terms of water vapor permeability.
かかる塗料用樹脂は架橋反応性を有するものであってもよい。塗料用樹脂が架橋反応型樹脂である場合は、塗膜の強度、耐水性、耐候性、密着性、水蒸気透過性等を高めることができる。架橋反応型樹脂は、それ自体で架橋反応を生じるもの、あるいは別途混合する架橋剤によって架橋反応を生じるもののいずれであってもよい。かかる架橋反応性は、例えば、水酸基とイソシアネート基、カルボニル基とヒドラジド基、エポキシ基とアミノ基、アルド基とセミカルバジド基、ケト基とセミカルバジド基、アルコキシル基どうし、カルボキシル基と金属イオン、カルボキシル基とカルボジイミド基、カルボキシル基とエポキシ基、カルボキシル基とアジリジン基、カルボキシル基とオキサゾリン基等の反応性官能基を組み合わせることによって付与することができる。この中でも水酸基−イソシアート基架橋反応型樹脂が好適である。 Such a coating resin may have cross-linking reactivity. When the coating resin is a cross-linking resin, the strength, water resistance, weather resistance, adhesion, water vapor permeability, and the like of the coating film can be improved. The cross-linking reaction type resin may be one that causes a cross-linking reaction by itself or one that causes a cross-linking reaction by a cross-linking agent that is separately mixed. Such crosslinking reactivity includes, for example, hydroxyl group and isocyanate group, carbonyl group and hydrazide group, epoxy group and amino group, aldo group and semicarbazide group, keto group and semicarbazide group, alkoxyl group, carboxyl group and metal ion, carboxyl group and It can be imparted by combining reactive functional groups such as a carbodiimide group, a carboxyl group and an epoxy group, a carboxyl group and an aziridine group, and a carboxyl group and an oxazoline group. Among these, a hydroxyl group-isocyanate group crosslinking reaction type resin is preferable.
塗料用樹脂のＴｇは−２０〜８０℃であり、好ましくは−５〜５０℃である。塗料用樹脂のＴｇが−２０℃より低い場合は、塗膜の膨れが発生しやすくなる傾向となる。また、耐汚染性が不十分となるおそれもある。Ｔｇが８０℃より高い場合は、旧塗膜の変位に追従できず、塗膜に割れが発生するおそれがある。なお、本発明におけるＴｇは、合成樹脂エマルションを構成するモノマーの種類とその構成比率から、Ｆｏｘの計算式によって求められる値である。 The Tg of the coating resin is -20 to 80 ° C, preferably -5 to 50 ° C. When the Tg of the coating resin is lower than −20 ° C., the coating film tends to swell. Moreover, there exists a possibility that stain resistance may become inadequate. When Tg is higher than 80 ° C., the displacement of the old coating film cannot be followed, and there is a possibility that the coating film may crack. In addition, Tg in this invention is a value calculated | required by the formula of Fox from the kind of monomer which comprises a synthetic resin emulsion, and its structural ratio.
本発明における着色塗料は、シリケート化合物として、テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（ａ）（以下「（ａ）成分」という）が、一分子中に水酸基を３個以上有し分子量が５００未満である多価アルコール（ｂ）（以下「（ｂ）成分」という）によって変性された変性シリケート化合物を含むものである。着色塗料においては、かかる変性シリケート化合物の作用により塗膜表面の親水性が高まり、耐汚染性、旧塗膜への追従性、耐割れ性等において優れた性能を発揮することができる。 The colored paint in the present invention is a polyvalent polyalkoxysilane condensate (a) (hereinafter referred to as “component (a)”) having three or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule and a molecular weight of less than 500 as a silicate compound. It contains a modified silicate compound modified with alcohol (b) (hereinafter referred to as “component (b)”). In the colored paint, the hydrophilicity of the coating film surface is enhanced by the action of such a modified silicate compound, and excellent performance in terms of contamination resistance, followability to old coating film, crack resistance and the like can be exhibited.
（ａ）成分としては、例えば、テトラメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシラン、テトラｎ−プロポキシシラン、テトライソプロポキシシラン、テトラｎ−ブトキシシラン、テトライソブトキシシラン、テトラｓｅｃ−ブトキシシラン、テトラｔ−ブトキシシラン、テトラフェノキシシラン、モノエトキシトリメトキシシラン、モノブトキシトリメトキシシラン、モノペントキシトリメトキシシラン、モノヘトキシトリメトキシシラン、ジメトキシジエトキシシラン、ジメトキシジブトキシシラン等の縮合物が挙げられる。このうち、テトラメトキシシラン縮合物、テトラエトキシシラン縮合物が耐汚染性発現の点において有利である。なお、（ａ）成分の平均縮合度は、通常１〜１００、好ましくは４〜２０程度である。 Examples of the component (a) include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra n-propoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetra n-butoxysilane, tetraisobutoxysilane, tetrasec-butoxysilane, and tetra t-butoxysilane. , Tetraphenoxysilane, monoethoxytrimethoxysilane, monobutoxytrimethoxysilane, monopentoxytrimethoxysilane, monohexoxytrimethoxysilane, dimethoxydiethoxysilane, dimethoxydibutoxysilane and the like. Among these, a tetramethoxysilane condensate and a tetraethoxysilane condensate are advantageous in terms of expressing stain resistance. In addition, the average condensation degree of (a) component is 1-100 normally, Preferably it is about 4-20.
本発明では、上記（ａ）成分を（ｂ）成分で変性することにより、高分子化されたシリケート化合物を得ることができる。このような変性シリケートは、塗膜表面への配向性が高く、耐汚染性の向上、とりわけ塗膜形成初期段階での耐汚染性向上に極めて有効に作用する。
（ｂ）成分としては、一分子中に水酸基を３個以上有し、分子量が５００未満である多価アルコールが使用できる。このような（ｂ）成分としては、例えば、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、１，２，４−ブタントリオール 、２，３，５−ヘキサントリオール、１，２，６−ヘキサントリオール、ペンタエリスリトール、ジペンタエリスリトール等が挙げられる。また、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリエーテルポリオール、ポリアクリルポリオール等のポリオール化合物のうち、分子量が上記条件を満たすものも使用できる。
In the present invention, a polymerized silicate compound can be obtained by modifying the component (a) with the component (b). Such a modified silicate has a high orientation on the coating film surface, and works extremely effectively to improve the stain resistance, particularly to improve the stain resistance at the initial stage of coating film formation.
As the component (b), a polyhydric alcohol having 3 or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule and having a molecular weight of less than 500 can be used. Examples of such component (b) include glycerin, trimethylolpropane, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 2,3,5-hexanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, pentaerythritol, dipenta. Examples include erythritol. Also, among polyol compounds such as polyester polyol, polyether polyol and polyacryl polyol, those having a molecular weight satisfying the above conditions can be used.
着色塗料における（ｂ）成分としては、特に、一分子中に水酸基を３個有する化合物が好適であり、分子量２００以下（さらには１５０以下）である化合物が好適である。とりわけ、本発明ではグリセリンが好適である。このような（ｂ）成分で変性した変性シリケートでは、（ｂ）成分において水酸基が近接しているため、（ａ）成分との反応時の立体障害作用により、水酸基が残存しやすくなる。この水酸基は耐汚染性向上効果や、密着性、他成分との相溶性等において有利にはたらくものと考えられる。 As the component (b) in the colored paint, a compound having three hydroxyl groups in one molecule is particularly suitable, and a compound having a molecular weight of 200 or less (more preferably 150 or less) is preferred. In particular, glycerin is preferred in the present invention. In such a modified silicate modified with the component (b), since the hydroxyl group is close in the component (b), the hydroxyl group tends to remain due to steric hindrance during the reaction with the component (a). This hydroxyl group is considered to be advantageous in the effect of improving stain resistance, adhesion, compatibility with other components, and the like.
（ａ）成分を（ｂ）成分で変性するには、エステル交換反応を用いればよい。エステル交換反応を行う際には、必要に応じエステル交換触媒を用いることもできる。このようなエステル交換触媒としては、例えば有機スズ化合物、有機チタネート化合物、リン酸化合物、酸無水物、アミン類等が使用できる。また、エステル交換反応時には、加温（通常５０〜１５０℃程度）することもできる。必要に応じ、溶剤共存下で反応を行うこともできる。 In order to modify the component (a) with the component (b), a transesterification reaction may be used. When performing the transesterification reaction, a transesterification catalyst may be used as necessary. As such a transesterification catalyst, an organic tin compound, an organic titanate compound, a phosphoric acid compound, an acid anhydride, amines, etc. can be used, for example. Moreover, at the time of transesterification, it can also heat (usually about 50-150 degreeC). If necessary, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a solvent.
（ａ）成分と（ｂ）成分の変性比率は、（ａ）成分１モルに対し、（ｂ）成分を０．０１〜１モル（好ましくは０．０５〜０．３モル）の範囲内とすることが望ましい。このような比率で変性を行うことにより、十分な耐汚染性を得ることができる。この比率が小さすぎる場合は、耐汚染性の改善効果が得られにくくなり、高すぎる場合は、変性時にゲル化等の不具合が生じるおそれがある。 The modification ratio of the component (a) and the component (b) is such that the component (b) is in the range of 0.01 to 1 mol (preferably 0.05 to 0.3 mol) with respect to 1 mol of the component (a). It is desirable to do. By carrying out the modification at such a ratio, sufficient stain resistance can be obtained. If this ratio is too small, it becomes difficult to obtain the effect of improving the stain resistance. If it is too high, problems such as gelation may occur during modification.
着色塗料における変性シリケート化合物としては、炭素数が異なる２種以上のアルコキシル基が混在するものが好適である。変性シリケート化合物がこのような化合物であれば、耐汚染効果をより高めることができる。炭素数が異なるアルコキシル基の組合せとしては、炭素数１のメトキシ基と炭素数２〜１２のアルコキシル基との組合せ、または炭素数２のエトキシ基と炭素数３〜１２のアルコキシル基との組合せが、塗膜形成初期段階における耐汚染性発現等の点で好適である。この中でも、メトキシ基と炭素数２〜１２（好ましくは炭素数３〜１０）のアルコキシル基とを組合せたものであって、全体のアルコキシル基のうち５当量％以上（好ましくは５〜５０当量％）が炭素数２〜１２のアルコキシル基であるもの、あるいは、エトキシ基と炭素数３〜１２（好ましくは炭素数３〜１０）のアルコキシル基とを組合せたものであって、全体のアルコキシル基のうち５当量％以上（好ましくは５〜５０当量％）が炭素数３〜１２のアルコキシル基であるものが特に好適である。炭素数３〜１２（好ましくは炭素数３〜１０）のアルコキシル基として分岐アルコキシル基を有する場合は、とりわけ塗膜の表面親水化や耐割れ性等の点において好適である。 As the modified silicate compound in the colored paint, a compound in which two or more kinds of alkoxyl groups having different carbon numbers are mixed is suitable. If the modified silicate compound is such a compound, the antifouling effect can be further enhanced. Examples of the combination of alkoxyl groups having different carbon numbers include a combination of a methoxy group having 1 carbon atom and an alkoxyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a combination of an ethoxy group having 2 carbon atoms and an alkoxyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. From the viewpoint of developing stain resistance at the initial stage of coating film formation. Among these, it is a combination of a methoxy group and an alkoxyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms), and more than 5 equivalent% (preferably 5 to 50 equivalent%) of the total alkoxyl group. ) Is an alkoxyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a combination of an ethoxy group and an alkoxyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms). Of these, those in which 5 equivalent% or more (preferably 5 to 50 equivalent%) is an alkoxyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms are particularly suitable. In the case of having a branched alkoxyl group as an alkoxyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms), it is particularly preferable in terms of surface hydrophilicity and crack resistance of the coating film.
具体的に、メトキシ基と炭素数２〜１２のアルコキシル基とを有する変性シリケートを得るには、以下に例示する方法により製造することが可能である。 Specifically, in order to obtain a modified silicate having a methoxy group and an alkoxyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, it can be produced by the method exemplified below.
（１）一般式Ｓｉ（ＯＲ１）（ＯＲ２）（ＯＲ３）（ＯＲ４）
（式中、Ｒ１〜Ｒ４はメチル基と炭素数２〜１２のアルキル基が混在しているものとする）で表されるテトラアルコキシシランを平均縮合度１〜２００（好ましくは２〜１００）となるように縮合させる。縮合方法は、公知の方法による。この場合、縮合の際に他のテトラアルコキシシランを混合して縮合することもできる。
上記一般式で表される化合物の具体例としては、例えば、モノエトキシトリメトキシシラン、モノブトキシトリメトキシシラン、モノイソブトキシトリメトキシシラン、モノペントキシトリメトキシシラン、モノヘトキシトリメトキシシラン、ジメトキシジエトキシシラン、ジメトキシジブトキシシラン等、あるいはこれらの縮合物が挙げられる。
(1) General formula Si (OR 1 ) (OR 2 ) (OR 3 ) (OR 4 )
(Wherein R 1 to R 4 are a mixture of a methyl group and an alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms), an average condensation degree of 1 to 200 (preferably 2 to 100). ) To condense. The condensation method is a known method. In this case, other tetraalkoxysilanes can be mixed and condensed during the condensation.
Specific examples of the compound represented by the above general formula include, for example, monoethoxytrimethoxysilane, monobutoxytrimethoxysilane, monoisobutoxytrimethoxysilane, monopentoxytrimethoxysilane, monohexoxytrimethoxysilane, dimethoxydisilane. Examples include ethoxysilane, dimethoxydibutoxysilane, and the like, and condensates thereof.
（２）テトラメトキシシラン縮合物に炭素数２〜１２のモノアルコールを反応させて、テトラメトキシシラン縮合物におけるメトキシ基の５当量％以上（好ましくは５〜５０当量％）をエステル交換する。この方法における炭素数２〜１２のアルコールとしては、例えば、エタノール、ｎ−プロパノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ｎ−ブチルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール、ｓｅｃ−ブチルアルコール、ｔ−ブチルアルコール、ｎ−アミルアルコール、ｎ−ヘキシルアルコール、２−エチル−１−ヘキサノール、ｎ−ヘプタノール、イソヘプチルアルコール、ｎ−オクタノール、２−オクタノール、ｎ−ノナノール、ｎ−デカノール、ｎ−ウンデシルアルコール、ｎ−ドデシルアルコール等が挙げられる。 (2) The tetramethoxysilane condensate is reacted with a monoalcohol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms to transesterify 5 equivalent% or more (preferably 5 to 50 equivalent%) of the methoxy group in the tetramethoxysilane condensate. Examples of the alcohol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms in this method include ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol, and n-hexyl. Examples include alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, n-heptanol, isoheptyl alcohol, n-octanol, 2-octanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol, n-undecyl alcohol, and n-dodecyl alcohol.
また、エトキシ基と炭素数３〜１２のアルコキシル基とを有する変性シリケートを得るには、上記（１）、（２）の方法に代えて、それぞれ以下の（１’）、（２’）に示す方法を採用すればよい。 In addition, in order to obtain a modified silicate having an ethoxy group and an alkoxyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, instead of the methods (1) and (2), the following (1 ′) and (2 ′) are used, respectively. The method shown may be adopted.
（１’）一般式Ｓｉ（ＯＲ１）（ＯＲ２）（ＯＲ３）（ＯＲ４）
（式中、Ｒ１〜Ｒ４はエチル基と炭素数３〜１２のアルキル基が混在しているものとする）で表されるテトラアルコキシシランを平均縮合度１〜２００（好ましくは２〜１００）となるように縮合させる。
(1 ′) General formula Si (OR 1 ) (OR 2 ) (OR 3 ) (OR 4 )
(Wherein R 1 to R 4 are a mixture of an ethyl group and an alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms), an average condensation degree of 1 to 200 (preferably 2 to 100). ) To condense.
（２’）テトラエトキシシラン縮合物に炭素数３〜１２のモノアルコールを反応させて、テトラメトキシシラン縮合物におけるエトキシ基の５当量％以上（好ましくは５〜５０当量％）をエステル交換する。 (2 ') The tetraethoxysilane condensate is reacted with a monoalcohol having 3 to 12 carbon atoms to transesterify 5 equivalent% or more (preferably 5 to 50 equivalent%) of the ethoxy group in the tetramethoxysilane condensate.
以上のような方法によれば、炭素数が異なるアルコキシル基が混在する変性シリケートを得ることができるが、その反応のタイミングは特に限定されず、（ｂ）成分との反応前後、あるいは反応時であってもよい。 According to the above method, a modified silicate in which alkoxy groups having different carbon numbers are mixed can be obtained, but the timing of the reaction is not particularly limited, and before or after the reaction with the component (b) or during the reaction. There may be.
着色塗料においては、塗料用樹脂に変性シリケート化合物を混合する際、上記変性シリケート化合物以外のシリケート化合物を併用することもできるが、シリケート化合物全体の８０重量％以上（好ましくは９５重量％以上）が上記変性シリケート化合物で構成されるようにすることが望ましい。 In the colored paint, when the modified silicate compound is mixed with the resin for paint, a silicate compound other than the modified silicate compound can be used in combination, but 80% by weight or more (preferably 95% by weight or more) of the entire silicate compound. It is desirable that the modified silicate compound is used.
本発明では、着色塗料において上述の如き特定変性シリケートを使用することにより、従来技術に比べシリケート化合物が少量であっても十分な親水化機能ひいては耐汚染性効果を得ることができ、形成塗膜の旧塗膜への追従性、耐割れ性等の点においても有利である。すなわち、本発明によれば、シリケート化合物を相対的に減量することが可能となり、実用上極めて有用な塗料設計を行うことができる。 In the present invention, by using a specific modified silicate as described above in a colored paint, a sufficient hydrophilization function and a stain resistance effect can be obtained even with a small amount of silicate compound as compared with the prior art. This is also advantageous in terms of followability to the old coating film and crack resistance. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to relatively reduce the amount of the silicate compound, and it is possible to design a paint that is extremely useful in practice.
シリケート化合物の混合比率は、塗料用樹脂の固形分１００重量部に対して、ＳｉＯ２換算で０．１〜２０重量部（好ましくは０．３〜１０重量部、より好ましくは０．５〜５重量部）となる範囲内で設定すればよい。シリケート化合物の混合比率が０．１重量部未満では、塗膜に親水性が付与されないため耐汚染性が不十分となる。逆に２０重量部を越える場合は、形成塗膜の旧塗膜への追従性が不十分となり、割れ等が生じやすくなる。 The mixing ratio of the silicate compound, based on 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the coating resin, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight in terms of SiO 2 (preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 It may be set within the range of (weight part). When the mixing ratio of the silicate compound is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the coating film is not imparted with hydrophilicity, so that the stain resistance is insufficient. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, the followability of the formed coating film to the old coating film becomes insufficient, and cracks and the like are likely to occur.
なお、本発明におけるＳｉＯ２換算とは、アルコキシシランやシリケートなどのＳｉ−Ｏ結合をもつ化合物を、完全に加水分解した後に、９００℃で焼成した際にシリカ（ＳｉＯ２）となって残る重量分にて表したものである。
一般に、アルコキシシランやシリケートは、水と反応して加水分解反応が起こりシラノールとなり、さらにシラノール同士やシラノールとアルコキシにより縮合反応を起こす性質を持っている。この反応を究極まで行うと、シリカ（ＳｉＯ２）となる。これらの反応は
ＲＯ（Ｓｉ（ＯＲ）２Ｏ）ｎＲ＋（ｎ＋１）Ｈ２Ｏ→ｎＳｉＯ２＋（２ｎ＋２）ＲＯＨ
（Ｒはアルキル基を示す。ｎは整数。）
という反応式で表される。本発明におけるＳｉＯ２換算は、この反応式をもとに残るシリカ成分の量を換算したものである。
The SiO 2 conversion in the present invention means the weight remaining as silica (SiO 2 ) when a compound having a Si—O bond such as alkoxysilane or silicate is completely hydrolyzed and then baked at 900 ° C. Expressed in minutes.
In general, alkoxysilanes and silicates have a property of reacting with water to cause a hydrolysis reaction to form silanol, and further causing a condensation reaction between silanols or between silanol and alkoxy. When this reaction is performed to the ultimate, silica (SiO 2 ) is obtained. These reactions are RO (Si (OR) 2 O) n R + (n + 1) H 2 O → nSiO 2 + (2n + 2) ROH
(R represents an alkyl group. N is an integer.)
It is expressed by the reaction formula. The SiO 2 conversion in the present invention is the conversion of the amount of the remaining silica component based on this reaction formula.
本発明における着色塗料では、上述の塗料用樹脂、シリケート化合物に加え、赤外線反射性を有する顔料を含有することが望ましい。かかる顔料としては、例えば、アルミニウムフレーク、酸化チタン、硫酸バリウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化マグネシウム、アルミナ、酸化アンチモン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化インジウム、シリカ、珪酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム等が挙げられる。この中でも、アルミニウムフレーク、酸化チタン、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉄、酸化マグネシウム、及びアルミナから選ばれる１種以上が好適である。
この他、赤外線透過性を有する顔料を併用することもできる。このような顔料を併用することにより、塗膜の赤外線反射性能を阻害せずに様々な色彩を表出することが可能となる。赤外線透過性を有する顔料としては、ペリレン顔料、アゾ顔料、黄鉛、弁柄、朱、チタニウムレッド、カドミウムレッド、キナクリドンレッド、イソインドリノン、ベンズイミダゾロン、フタロシアニングリーン、フタロシアニンブルー、コバルトブルー、インダスレンブルー、群青、及び紺青から選ばれる１種以上が好適である。本発明では、赤外線透過性を有する顔料を適宜選択することにより、白色以外の色相においても顕著な効果を発揮することができる。
The colored paint in the present invention preferably contains a pigment having infrared reflectivity in addition to the paint resin and the silicate compound described above. Examples of the pigment include aluminum flake, titanium oxide, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, indium oxide, silica, magnesium silicate, calcium carbonate, and the like. . Among these, at least one selected from aluminum flakes, titanium oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, zinc oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, and alumina is preferable.
In addition, a pigment having infrared transparency can be used in combination. By using such pigments in combination, it is possible to express various colors without impairing the infrared reflection performance of the coating film. Examples of pigments having infrared transparency include perylene pigments, azo pigments, yellow lead, petals, vermilion, titanium red, cadmium red, quinacridone red, isoindolinone, benzimidazolone, phthalocyanine green, phthalocyanine blue, cobalt blue, and indus One or more selected from ren blue, ultramarine blue and bitumen are preferred. In the present invention, a remarkable effect can be exhibited even in hues other than white by appropriately selecting a pigment having infrared transparency.
上述の顔料（赤外線反射性を有する顔料、及び赤外線透過性を有する顔料）は、着色塗料における顔料容積濃度が２〜６０％となる範囲内で混合することが望ましい。このような顔料容積濃度であれば、膨れ防止性や剥れ防止性等が高まるとともに、旧塗膜の変位に対する追従性の点においても好適である。 The above-mentioned pigments (a pigment having infrared reflectivity and a pigment having infrared transparency) are desirably mixed within a range where the pigment volume concentration in the colored paint is 2 to 60%. Such a pigment volume concentration is preferable in terms of followability to displacement of the old coating film as well as improving swelling prevention and peeling prevention.
着色塗料では、上述の成分に加えアミン化合物を混合することができる。かかるアミン化合物を混合することにより、着色塗料を塗り重ね（リコート）する際の密着性を高めることができる。さらに、かかるアミン化合物は、上記変性シリケート化合物との相互作用により、耐汚染性、硬化性等の物性向上にも寄与するものである。 In the colored paint, an amine compound can be mixed in addition to the above-described components. By admixing such an amine compound, it is possible to improve the adhesion when the colored paint is applied (recoated). Furthermore, the amine compound contributes to improvement of physical properties such as stain resistance and curability by interaction with the modified silicate compound.
アミン化合物としては、例えば、エチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、ジアミルアミン、シクロヘキシルアミン、アニリン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、エチレンジアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、トリフェニルアミン、ジメチルドデシルアミン、ジメチルベンジルアミン、ジメチルシクロヘキシルアミン、ピリジン、モルホリン等のほか、エタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、ジメチルエタノールアミン、Ｎ−メチルジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、エチルフェニルエタノールアミン等のアルカノール基含有アミン化合物、トリエチレンジアミン（〔２，２，２〕ジアザビシクロオクタン）、テトラメチルエチレンジアミン、ペンタメチルジエチレントリアミン等のアミノアルキル基含有アミン化合物、アミノメチルトリエトキシシラン、ジアミノメチルジエトキシシラン、γ−アミノイソブチルトリメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン等のアルコキシシリル基含有アミン化合物等が挙げられる。 Examples of amine compounds include ethylamine, dimethylamine, diamylamine, cyclohexylamine, aniline, hexamethylenediamine, ethylenediamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, triphenylamine, dimethyldodecylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, dimethylcyclohexyl. In addition to amine, pyridine, morpholine, etc., ethanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine and ethylphenylethanolamine-containing amine compounds such as triethylenediamine ([2,2,2] dia Abicyclooctane), tetramethylethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, etc. Alkyl group-containing amine compound, aminomethyl triethoxysilane, diamino methyl diethoxy silane, .gamma.-amino isobutyl trimethoxy silane, alkoxysilyl group-containing amine compounds such as .gamma.-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane, and the like.
また本発明では、アミン化合物として、ビス（２，２，６−テトラメチル−４−ピペリジル）セバケート、ビス（１，２，２，６，６−ペンタメチル−４−ピペリジル）セバケート、ビス（１−オクトキシ−２，２，６，６−テトラメチル−４−ピペリジル）セバケート、２−（３，５−ジ−ｔ−ブチル−４−ヒドロキシベンジル）−２−ｎ−ブチルマロン酸ビス（１，２，２，６，６−ペンタメチル−４−ピペリジル）、テトラキス（２，２，６，６−テトラメチル−４−ピペリジル）−１，２，３，４−ブタンテトラカルボキシレート、テトラキス（１，２，２，６，６−ペンタメチル−４−ピペリジル）−１，２，３，４−ブタンテトラカルボキシレート等の光安定剤を使用することもできる。 In the present invention, as the amine compound, bis (2,2,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1- Octoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, 2- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2-n-butylmalonate bis (1,2 , 2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl), tetrakis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) -1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis (1,2 , 2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate and the like can also be used.
アミン化合物としては、とりわけ、塩基解離定数ｐＫｂが３以上１１以下（好ましくは４以上８以下）であるアミン化合物が好適である。かかる化合物を使用することにより、リコート性、耐汚染性、硬化性等の物性をいっそう高めることができる。 As the amine compound, an amine compound having a base dissociation constant pKb of 3 or more and 11 or less (preferably 4 or more and 8 or less) is particularly preferable. By using such a compound, physical properties such as recoatability, stain resistance and curability can be further enhanced.
アミン化合物の混合比率は、塗料用樹脂の固形分１００重量部に対し、通常０．０１〜２０重量部、好ましくは０．０２〜５重量部である。かかる範囲内であれば、リコート性、耐汚染性、硬化性性等において十分な効果を得ることができ、ポットライフ確保等の点においても好適である。 The mixing ratio of the amine compound is usually 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.02 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the coating resin. Within such a range, sufficient effects can be obtained in recoatability, stain resistance, curability, and the like, which is also preferable in terms of securing pot life.
着色塗料においては、上記成分のほかに、通常塗料に使用可能な成分を含むことができる。かかる成分としては、例えば、硬化剤、可塑剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、防藻剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、顔料分散剤、沈降防止剤、たれ防止剤、触媒、硬化促進剤、脱水剤、艶消し剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。 In the colored paint, in addition to the above-mentioned components, components that can be used in ordinary paints can be included. Examples of such components include curing agents, plasticizers, antiseptics, antifungal agents, anti-algae agents, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, pigment dispersants, anti-settling agents, anti-sagging agents, catalysts, curing accelerators, dehydration agents Agents, matting agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants and the like.
着色塗料は、上記成分によって構成されるものであれば、その形態については特に限定されないが、通常は、塗料用樹脂を含む主剤と、変性シリケート化合物を含む硬化剤からなる２液型塗料とすることが望ましい。このような形態であれば、塗料の安定性確保、耐汚染性能の発現等の点で好適である。顔料等の成分は、常法により主剤に均一に混合すればよい。
塗料用樹脂が架橋反応基を有するものであって、当該反応基と反応可能な架橋剤を使用する場合、該架橋剤は硬化剤に混合すればよい。具体的に、塗料用樹脂が水酸基を有するものである場合には、イソシアネート化合物を硬化剤に混合することができる。
The colored paint is not particularly limited as long as it is composed of the above components, but it is usually a two-component paint comprising a main agent containing a resin for paint and a curing agent containing a modified silicate compound. It is desirable. Such a form is preferable in terms of ensuring the stability of the coating material and exhibiting antifouling performance. Components such as pigments may be uniformly mixed with the main agent by a conventional method.
When the coating resin has a crosslinking reactive group and a crosslinking agent capable of reacting with the reactive group is used, the crosslinking agent may be mixed with a curing agent. Specifically, when the coating resin has a hydroxyl group, an isocyanate compound can be mixed with the curing agent.
着色塗料の塗装においては、スプレーガン、ローラー、刷毛等の塗装器具を使用することができる。
着色塗料の塗膜厚みについては、赤外線反射性能及び水蒸気透過性能が本発明の範囲内となるように留意して適宜設定すればよいが、好ましくは１０〜５００μｍ、より好ましくは２０〜２００μｍである。このような塗膜厚みであれば、旧塗膜の表面形状を十分に生かすこともできる。
In the application of the colored paint, a painting tool such as a spray gun, a roller, or a brush can be used.
The coating thickness of the colored paint may be set as appropriate so that the infrared reflection performance and the water vapor transmission performance are within the scope of the present invention, preferably 10 to 500 μm, more preferably 20 to 200 μm. . With such a coating film thickness, the surface shape of the old coating film can be fully utilized.
本発明では、上述のような着色塗料を塗り重ねることもできる。
また、着色塗料を塗装する前に、必要に応じ下塗塗料、下地調整塗材等を塗付しておいてもよい。ただし、この場合は本発明の効果を損なわないように、水蒸気透過性能を有する材料を使用する必要がある。
着色塗料を塗装した後には、透明塗料や半透明塗料等を塗付することも可能である。さらには、別の着色塗料を塗付することも可能である。このような場合においては、本発明の効果を損なわないように、赤外線透過性能及び水蒸気透過性能を併有する材料を使用する必要がある。
In the present invention, the above-described colored paint can be applied repeatedly.
In addition, before applying the colored paint, an undercoat paint, a base adjustment coating material, or the like may be applied as necessary. However, in this case, it is necessary to use a material having water vapor transmission performance so as not to impair the effects of the present invention.
It is also possible to apply a transparent paint or a semi-transparent paint after applying the colored paint. Furthermore, it is also possible to apply another colored paint. In such a case, it is necessary to use a material having both infrared transmission performance and water vapor transmission performance so as not to impair the effects of the present invention.
以下に実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明の特徴をより明確にする。 Examples and Comparative Examples are shown below to clarify the features of the present invention.
（着色塗料の製造）
１．変性シリケート化合物
・変性シリケート（１）
重量平均分子量１０００、平均縮合度約８、不揮発分１００％、シリカ残量比率５６重量％のメチルシリケート（以下「テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（１）」という）１００重量部に対して、ｎ−ブチルアルコール５２重量部と、触媒としてジブチルスズジラウレート０．０３重量部を添加し、混合後、７５℃で８時間脱メタノール反応を行い、テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）を合成した。このテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）のエステル交換率（全アルコキシル基に対するｎ−ブトキシ基の比率）は３８当量％、９００℃にて焼成して得られたシリカ残量比率は４３重量％であった。
(Manufacture of colored paint)
1. Modified silicate compound / modified silicate (1)
N-Butyl with respect to 100 parts by weight of methyl silicate (hereinafter referred to as “tetraalkoxysilane condensate (1)”) having a weight average molecular weight of 1000, an average degree of condensation of about 8, a non-volatile content of 100%, and a silica residual ratio of 56% by weight. 52 parts by weight of alcohol and 0.03 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate were added as a catalyst. After mixing, a demethanol reaction was performed at 75 ° C. for 8 hours to synthesize a tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2). The transesterification rate of this tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2) (ratio of n-butoxy groups to all alkoxyl groups) was 38 equivalent%, and the residual silica ratio obtained by firing at 900 ° C. was 43% by weight. It was.
次に、上記方法にて得られたテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）１００重量部に対し、グリセリン０．９２重量部と、ジブチルスズジラウレート０．５重量部を添加し、混合後、７５℃で８時間脱メタノール反応を行い、変性シリケート（１）を合成した。なお、この反応におけるテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）とグリセリンとのモル比は、１：０．１であり、９００℃にて焼成して得られたシリカ残量比率は４２重量％であった。 Next, 0.92 parts by weight of glycerin and 0.5 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate are added to 100 parts by weight of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2) obtained by the above method. A time-demethanol reaction was performed to synthesize modified silicate (1). In addition, the molar ratio of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2) and glycerin in this reaction was 1: 0.1, and the remaining silica ratio obtained by baking at 900 ° C. was 42% by weight. .
・変性シリケート（２）
テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）１００重量部に対し、グリセリン１．８４重量部と、ジブチルスズジラウレート１重量部を添加し、混合後、７５℃で８時間脱メタノール反応を行い、変性シリケート（２）を合成した。なお、この反応におけるテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）とグリセリンとのモル比は、１：０．２であり、９００℃にて焼成して得られたシリカ残量比率は４２重量％であった。
・ Modified silicate (2)
To 100 parts by weight of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2), 1.84 parts by weight of glycerin and 1 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate are added, mixed, and then subjected to a demethanol reaction at 75 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain a modified silicate (2) Was synthesized. In addition, the molar ratio of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2) and glycerin in this reaction was 1: 0.2, and the residual silica ratio obtained by baking at 900 ° C. was 42% by weight. .
・変性シリケート（３）
テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（１）１００重量部に対して、イソブチルアルコール５２重量部と、触媒としてジブチルスズジラウレート０．０３重量部を添加し、混合後、７５℃で８時間脱メタノール反応を行い、テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（３）を合成した。このテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（３）のエステル交換率（全アルコキシル基に対するイソブトキシ基の比率）は３８当量％、９００℃にて焼成して得られたシリカ残量比率は４３重量％であった。
・ Modified silicate (3)
To 100 parts by weight of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (1), 52 parts by weight of isobutyl alcohol and 0.03 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst were added, mixed and then subjected to a demethanol reaction at 75 ° C. for 8 hours. An alkoxysilane condensate (3) was synthesized. The transesterification rate of this tetraalkoxysilane condensate (3) (ratio of isobutoxy groups to all alkoxyl groups) was 38 equivalent%, and the residual silica ratio obtained by firing at 900 ° C. was 43% by weight.
次に、上記方法にて得られたテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（３）１００重量部に対し、グリセリン０．９２重量部と、ジブチルスズジラウレート０．５重量部を添加し、混合後、７５℃で８時間脱メタノール反応を行い、変性シリケート（３）を合成した。なお、この反応におけるテトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（３）とグリセリンとのモル比は、１：０．１であり、９００℃にて焼成して得られたシリカ残量比率は４２重量％であった。 Next, 0.92 parts by weight of glycerin and 0.5 parts by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate are added to 100 parts by weight of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (3) obtained by the above method. A time-demethanol reaction was performed to synthesize modified silicate (3). In addition, the molar ratio of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (3) and glycerin in this reaction was 1: 0.1, and the remaining silica ratio obtained by firing at 900 ° C. was 42% by weight. .
２．主剤
・主剤（１）
非水分散形アクリルポリオール（水酸基価５０ＫＯＨｍｇ／ｇ、重量平均分子量８００００、ガラス転移温度３８℃、固形分５０重量％、媒体：ミネラルスピリット、脂肪族炭化水素７０重量％）２００重量部に対し、酸化チタンを１５重量部、黄色酸化鉄を２重量部、弁柄を３重量部、フタロシアニンブルーを１重量部、ミネラルスピリット８４重量部、シリコーン系消泡剤１重量部を常法にて均一に混合・撹拌することにより、主剤（１）を製造した。
2. Main agent / Main agent (1)
Non-water-dispersed acrylic polyol (hydroxyl value 50KOHmg / g, weight average molecular weight 80000, glass transition temperature 38 ° C, solid content 50% by weight, medium: mineral spirit, aliphatic hydrocarbon 70% by weight) is oxidized against 200 parts by weight. 15 parts by weight of titanium, 2 parts by weight of yellow iron oxide, 3 parts by weight of petals, 1 part by weight of phthalocyanine blue, 84 parts by weight of mineral spirits, and 1 part by weight of a silicone-based antifoaming agent are uniformly mixed in a conventional manner. -Main agent (1) was manufactured by stirring.
・主剤（２）
非水分散形アクリルポリオール（水酸基価５０ＫＯＨｍｇ／ｇ、重量平均分子量８００００、ガラス転移温度３８℃、固形分５０重量％、媒体：ミネラルスピリット、脂肪族炭化水素７０重量％）２００重量部に対し、酸化チタンを１５重量部、黄色酸化鉄を２重量部、弁柄を３重量部、フタロシアニンブルーを１重量部、ビス（１，２，２，６，６−ペンタメチル−４−ピペリジル）セバケート（分子量５０８、ｐＫｂ５．５）２重量部、ミネラルスピリット８２重量部、シリコーン系消泡剤１重量部を常法にて均一に混合・撹拌することにより、主剤（２）を製造した。
・ Main agent (2)
Non-water-dispersed acrylic polyol (hydroxyl value 50KOHmg / g, weight average molecular weight 80000, glass transition temperature 38 ° C, solid content 50% by weight, medium: mineral spirit, aliphatic hydrocarbon 70% by weight) is oxidized against 200 parts by weight. 15 parts by weight of titanium, 2 parts by weight of yellow iron oxide, 3 parts by weight of the stem, 1 part by weight of phthalocyanine blue, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (molecular weight 508) PKb 5.5) 2 parts by weight, 82 parts by weight of mineral spirits, and 1 part by weight of a silicone-based antifoaming agent were uniformly mixed and stirred by a conventional method to produce the main agent (2).
３．硬化剤
・硬化剤（１）
イソシアヌレート構造含有ポリイソシアネート（不揮発分１００重量％、ＮＣＯ含有量２１重量％）４０重量部に対し、ソルベッソ１００（エクソンケミカル社製）４０重量部、変性シリケート（１）２０重量部を均一に混合することにより、硬化剤（１）を製造した。
3. Curing agent / curing agent (1)
40 parts by weight of Solvesso 100 (manufactured by Exxon Chemical) and 20 parts by weight of modified silicate (1) are uniformly mixed with 40 parts by weight of polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate structure (non-volatile content: 100% by weight, NCO content: 21% by weight). By doing this, the hardening | curing agent (1) was manufactured.
・硬化剤（２）
イソシアヌレート構造含有ポリイソシアネート（不揮発分１００重量％、ＮＣＯ含有量２１重量％）４０重量部に対し、ソルベッソ１００（エクソンケミカル社製）４０重量部、変性シリケート（２）２０重量部を均一に混合することにより、硬化剤（２）を製造した。
・ Curing agent (2)
40 parts by weight of Solvesso 100 (manufactured by Exxon Chemical) and 20 parts by weight of modified silicate (2) are uniformly mixed with 40 parts by weight of polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate structure (non-volatile content: 100% by weight, NCO content: 21% by weight). By doing this, the hardening | curing agent (2) was manufactured.
・硬化剤（３）
イソシアヌレート構造含有ポリイソシアネート（不揮発分１００重量％、ＮＣＯ含有量２１重量％）４０重量部に対し、ソルベッソ１００（エクソンケミカル社製）４０重量部、変性シリケート（３）２０重量部を均一に混合することにより、硬化剤（３）を製造した。
・ Curing agent (3)
40 parts by weight of Solvesso 100 (manufactured by Exxon Chemical) and 20 parts by weight of modified silicate (3) are uniformly mixed with 40 parts by weight of polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate structure (non-volatile content: 100% by weight, NCO content: 21% by weight). By doing this, the hardening | curing agent (3) was manufactured.
・硬化剤（４）
イソシアヌレート構造含有ポリイソシアネート（不揮発分１００重量％、ＮＣＯ含有量２１重量％）４０重量部に対し、ソルベッソ１００（エクソンケミカル社製）１０重量部、テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（２）５０重量部を均一に混合することにより、硬化剤（４）を製造した。
・ Curing agent (4)
10 parts by weight of Solvesso 100 (manufactured by Exxon Chemical) and 50 parts by weight of the tetraalkoxysilane condensate (2) with respect to 40 parts by weight of polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate structure (non-volatile content: 100% by weight, NCO content: 21% by weight) The curing agent (4) was produced by mixing uniformly.
４．着色塗料
・着色塗料Ａ
上記方法にて製造した主剤（１）と硬化剤（１）を８６：１４の重量比率で均一に混合して着色塗料Ａ（グレー色、顔料容積濃度４％）を得た。この着色塗料Ａにおける変性シリケート化合物の混合比率は、樹脂固形分１００重量部に対してＳｉＯ２換算で４．２重量部である。
この着色塗料Ａの赤外線反射率を分光光度計（島津製作所製「ＵＶ−３１００」）にて測定したところ６２％であった。赤外線反射率測定に供した試験板は、アルミ板に黒色塗料（アクリル樹脂の固形分１００重量部にカーボンブラックを１０重量部含むもの）を乾燥膜厚が６０μｍとなるように塗付した後、着色塗料Ａを乾燥膜厚が６０μｍとなるように塗付することによって作製したものである。
一方、着色塗料Ａの水蒸気透過度をＪＩＳ Ｋ５４００−１９９０「塗料一般試験方法」８．１７「水蒸気透過度」の方法によって測定したところ、その値は９４ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈであった。
4). Colored paint / Colored paint A
The main agent (1) and the curing agent (1) produced by the above method were uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 86:14 to obtain a colored paint A (gray color, pigment volume concentration 4%). The mixing ratio of the modified silicate compound in the colored paint A is 4.2 parts by weight in terms of SiO 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content.
The infrared reflectance of the colored paint A was measured with a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and found to be 62%. The test plate used for infrared reflectance measurement was applied to an aluminum plate with a black paint (containing 10 parts by weight of carbon black in 100 parts by weight of solid content of acrylic resin) so that the dry film thickness was 60 μm. It is produced by applying the colored paint A so that the dry film thickness is 60 μm.
On the other hand, when the water vapor permeability of the colored paint A was measured by the method of JIS K5400-1990 “General paint test method” 8.17 “Water vapor permeability”, the value was 94 g / m 2 · 24 h.
・着色塗料Ｂ
上記方法にて製造した主剤（１）と硬化剤（２）を８６：１４の重量比率で均一に混合して着色塗料Ｂ（グレー色、顔料容積濃度４％）を得た。この着色塗料Ｂにおける変性シリケート化合物の混合比率は、樹脂固形分１００重量部に対してＳｉＯ２換算で４．２重量部である。また、着色塗料Ｂの赤外線反射率は６２％、水蒸気透過度は９５ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈであった。
・ Coloring paint B
The main agent (1) and the curing agent (2) produced by the above method were uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 86:14 to obtain a colored paint B (gray color, pigment volume concentration 4%). The mixing ratio of the modified silicate compound in the colored paint B is 4.2 parts by weight in terms of SiO 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content. The colored paint B had an infrared reflectance of 62% and a water vapor permeability of 95 g / m 2 · 24 h.
・着色塗料Ｃ
上記方法にて製造した主剤（１）と硬化剤（３）を８６：１４の重量比率で均一に混合して着色塗料Ｃ（グレー色、顔料容積濃度４％）を得た。この着色塗料Ｃにおける変性シリケート化合物の混合比率は、樹脂固形分１００重量部に対してＳｉＯ２換算で４．２重量部である。また、着色塗料Ｃの赤外線反射率は６２％、水蒸気透過度は９８ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈであった。
・ Coloring paint C
The main agent (1) and curing agent (3) produced by the above method were uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 86:14 to obtain a colored paint C (gray color, pigment volume concentration 4%). The mixing ratio of the modified silicate compound in the colored paint C is 4.2 parts by weight in terms of SiO 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content. The colored paint C had an infrared reflectance of 62% and a water vapor permeability of 98 g / m 2 · 24 h.
・着色塗料Ｄ
上記方法にて製造した主剤（２）と硬化剤（１）を８６：１４の重量比率で均一に混合して着色塗料Ｄ（グレー色、顔料容積濃度４％）を得た。この着色塗料Ｄにおける変性シリケート化合物の混合比率は、樹脂固形分１００重量部に対してＳｉＯ２換算で４．２重量部である。また、着色塗料Ｄの赤外線反射率は６２％、水蒸気透過度は９５ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈであった。
・ Coloring paint D
The main agent (2) and the curing agent (1) produced by the above method were uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 86:14 to obtain a colored paint D (gray color, pigment volume concentration 4%). The mixing ratio of the modified silicate compound in the colored coating material D is 4.2 parts by weight in terms of SiO 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content. The colored paint D had an infrared reflectance of 62% and a water vapor transmission rate of 95 g / m 2 · 24 h.
・着色塗料Ｅ
上記方法にて製造した主剤（１）と硬化剤（４）を８６：１４の重量比率で均一に混合して着色塗料Ｅ（グレー色、顔料容積濃度４％）を得た。この着色塗料Ｅにおける変性シリケート化合物の混合比率は、樹脂固形分１００重量部に対してＳｉＯ２換算で１０．７重量部である。また、着色塗料Ｅの赤外線反射率は６０％、水蒸気透過度１０２ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈであった。
・ Colored paint E
The main agent (1) and the curing agent (4) produced by the above method were uniformly mixed at a weight ratio of 86:14 to obtain a colored paint E (gray color, pigment volume concentration 4%). The mixing ratio of the modified silicate compound in the colored paint E is 10.7 parts by weight in terms of SiO 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content. The colored paint E had an infrared reflectance of 60% and a water vapor transmission rate of 102 g / m 2 · 24 h.
（試験例１）
スレート板（厚さ６ｍｍ）の片面に、アクリル系熱可塑性樹脂（Ｔｇ−４５℃）、酸化チタン、炭酸カルシウム、寒水石、及びゴム粉を主成分とする外装厚塗材Ｅ（樹脂含有量３０重量％）を玉状に吹付けた後、ミネラルスピリットを付けたプラスチックローラーで玉の凸部を押え、断面が台形状の凹凸を有する４〜８ｍｍの塗膜を形成させ、これを促進耐候性試験機「アイスーパーＵＶテスター」（岩崎電気株式会社製）にて４００時間曝露させたものを旧塗膜とした。
次いで、この旧塗膜に対し、着色塗料Ａを乾燥膜厚が６０μｍとなるようにスプレー塗装した後、スレート板の裏面（塗装面と反対側の面）に住宅用グラスウール（厚さ１００ｍｍ）及びスレート板（厚さ６ｍｍ）を順に積層することにより、試験体を作製した。なお、スレート板（厚さ６ｍｍ）・住宅用グラスウール（厚さ１００ｍｍ）・スレート板（厚さ６ｍｍ）からなる積層体は断熱性壁に相当するものであり、その熱貫流率は０．３９Ｗ／（ｍ２・Ｋ）である。
(Test Example 1)
On one side of the slate plate (thickness 6 mm), an exterior thick coating material E (resin content 30) mainly composed of acrylic thermoplastic resin (Tg-45 ° C.), titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, cryogenic stone, and rubber powder. Weight%) in a ball shape, and then press the convex portion of the ball with a plastic roller with mineral spirits to form a 4-8 mm coating film with trapezoidal cross section, which promotes weather resistance An old coating film was exposed for 400 hours with a test machine “I Super UV Tester” (manufactured by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.).
Next, after spray coating colored paint A on this old coating film so that the dry film thickness becomes 60 μm, glass wool for house (thickness 100 mm) on the back surface (surface opposite to the painted surface) of the slate plate and A test body was produced by sequentially laminating slate plates (thickness 6 mm). In addition, the laminated body which consists of a slate board (thickness 6mm), residential glass wool (thickness 100mm), and a slate board (thickness 6mm) is equivalent to a heat insulating wall, and its heat transmissivity is 0.39W / (M 2 · K).
以上の方法で得られた試験体について以下の試験を行った。
・耐汚染性試験
試験体の塗膜表面に、汚染物質（１５重量％カーボンブラック水分散ペースト液）を直径２０ｍｍ、高さ５ｍｍとなるように滴下し、５０℃の恒温室中に２時間放置した。その後流水中にて洗浄し、塗膜表面における汚染物質の残存程度を目視により確認した。評価は、汚染物質が残存しなかったものを○、汚染物質が残存したものを×とした。
The following tests were conducted on the specimens obtained by the above method.
Contamination resistance test A contaminant (15% by weight carbon black aqueous dispersion paste) was dropped on the surface of the test specimen so as to have a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 5 mm, and left in a constant temperature room at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. did. Thereafter, it was washed in running water, and the degree of contamination remaining on the surface of the coating film was visually confirmed. In the evaluation, the case where no pollutant remained was marked with ◯, and the case where pollutant remained was marked with x.
・耐膨れ性試験
試験体に対し、塗膜面より４０ｃｍの距離から赤外線ランプ（出力２５０Ｗ）を８時間連続して照射した後、その外観変化を目視にて観察した。評価は、異常が認められなかったものを○、わずかに膨れが認められたものを△、膨れが認められたものを×とした。
-Swelling resistance test The specimen was irradiated with an infrared lamp (output 250 W) continuously from a distance of 40 cm from the coating surface for 8 hours, and then the appearance change was visually observed. The evaluation was evaluated as “◯” when no abnormality was observed, “Δ” when slight swelling was observed, and “X” when swelling was observed.
・温冷繰返し試験
得られた試験体について、水浸漬（２３℃）１８時間→−２０℃３時間→８０℃３時間を１サイクルとする温冷繰返し試験を合計１０サイクル行った後、塗膜表面におけるひび割れ発生の有無を目視によって確認した。評価は、異常が認められなかったものを○、わずかにひび割れ・膨れが認められたものを△、明らかにひび割れ・膨れが認められたものを×とした。
-Hot / cold repeat test The obtained test specimen was subjected to a total of 10 hot / cold repeat tests with water immersion (23 ° C) for 18 hours → -20 ° C for 3 hours → 80 ° C for 3 hours, and then the coating film. The presence or absence of cracks on the surface was confirmed visually. In the evaluation, “O” indicates that no abnormality was observed, “Δ” indicates that slight cracking or swelling was observed, and “X” indicates that cracking or swelling was clearly observed.
（試験例２）
着色塗料Ａに替えて着色塗料Ｂを使用した以外は、試験例１と同様にして試験を行った。
(Test Example 2)
The test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the colored paint B was used instead of the colored paint A.
（試験例３）
着色塗料Ａに替えて着色塗料Ｃを使用した以外は、試験例１と同様にして試験を行った。
(Test Example 3)
The test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the colored paint C was used instead of the colored paint A.
（試験例４）
着色塗料Ａに替えて着色塗料Ｄを使用した以外は、試験例１と同様にして試験を行った。
(Test Example 4)
The test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the colored paint D was used instead of the colored paint A.
（試験例５）
着色塗料Ａに替えて着色塗料Ｅを使用した以外は、試験例１と同様にして試験を行った。
(Test Example 5)
The test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the colored paint E was used instead of the colored paint A.
（試験例６）
試験例６では、試験例１における着色塗料Ａに替えて、溶剤可溶形アクリル樹脂（Ｔｇ３０℃、固形分５０重量％）２００重量部に対し、酸化チタンを１２重量部、黄色酸化鉄を１．４重量部、弁柄を０．６重量部、カーボンブラックを１．１重量部含有する着色塗料Ｄ（グレー色、顔料容積濃度４％、赤外線反射率５％、水蒸気透過度２５ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ）を使用して試験を行った。
(Test Example 6)
In Test Example 6, instead of Colored Paint A in Test Example 1, 12 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 1 part of yellow iron oxide are used for 200 parts by weight of solvent-soluble acrylic resin (Tg 30 ° C., solid content 50% by weight). Colored paint D containing 4 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight of petite, and 1.1 parts by weight of carbon black (gray color, pigment volume concentration 4%, infrared reflectance 5%, water vapor transmission rate 25 g / m 2 • Tested using 24h).
試験結果を表１に示す。試験例１〜４では、いずれの試験においても良好な結果を得ることができた。 The test results are shown in Table 1. In Test Examples 1 to 4, good results could be obtained in any test.
Claims (3)
（１）外壁が、熱貫流率５．０Ｗ／（ｍ２・Ｋ）以下の断熱性壁であり、
（２）旧塗膜面が、有機質樹脂を結合材とする塗料によって形成された塗膜を有するものであり、
（３）着色塗料が、ガラス転移温度−２０〜８０℃である塗料用樹脂の固形分１００重量部に対し、耐汚染性向上成分としてシリケート化合物をＳｉＯ２換算で０．１〜２０重量部含有し、
前記塗料用樹脂として、非水分散形アクリルポリオールとポリイソシアネートを含み、
前記シリケート化合物として、テトラアルコキシシラン縮合物（ａ）が、グリセリン（ｂ）によって変性された変性シリケート化合物を含み、赤外線反射率２０％以上、水蒸気透過度４０ｇ／ｍ２・２４ｈ以上の塗膜を形成する塗料であることを特徴とする建築物外壁の改装方法。 A method of refurbishing a building outer wall, wherein at least one colored paint is applied to an old paint film surface formed on the outdoor side of the building outer wall,
(1) The outer wall is a heat insulating wall having a thermal conductivity of 5.0 W / (m 2 · K) or less,
(2) The old paint film surface has a paint film formed by a paint having an organic resin as a binder,
(3) The coloring paint contains 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a silicate compound in terms of SiO 2 as a stain resistance improving component with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the coating resin having a glass transition temperature of −20 to 80 ° C. And
As the coating resin, a non-aqueous dispersion type acrylic polyol and polyisocyanate are included,
As the silicate compound, a tetraalkoxysilane condensate (a) includes a modified silicate compound modified with glycerin (b), and has a coating film having an infrared reflectance of 20% or more and a water vapor transmission rate of 40 g / m 2 · 24 h or more. A method of refurbishing a building outer wall, characterized by being a paint to be formed.
Priority Applications (1)
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| JP5550164B2 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2014-07-16 | エスケー化研株式会社 | Thermal insulation laminate |
| JP5170396B2 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2013-03-27 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Gas barrier film coating agent and gas barrier film |
| JP5846771B2 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2016-01-20 | ベック株式会社 | Coating method |
| CN104289395B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏海晟涂料有限公司 | A kind of silicon filler salt outer wall heat-insulating coating external wall coating processes |
| KR101827836B1 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-29 | (주)두온에너지원 | Construction method for infrared reflection coating |
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| JP4156821B2 (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2008-09-24 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | Photocatalyst-coated acrylic film and photocatalyst-coated laminate |
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| JP4484602B2 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2010-06-16 | エスケー化研株式会社 | How to renovate building exterior |
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