JP4912667B2 - Flying insect trap - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a movable flying insect trap.

Insect trapping methods such as insecticides and repellents, insect repellents, cockroach and traps using a sticky sheet for capturing cockroaches and traps, attractants such as pheromone, CO2, and metabolite-like substances such as lactic acid The light trapping method that catches insects that like light, the method of sucking insects that have come close to light and attractants, and the type that kills insects by electric shock are known.
Japanese Patent Application No. 9-15569 Japanese Patent Application No. 11-61292 Published by Toshiaki Ikesho, “Mosquito”, The University of Tokyo Press, February 10, 1993

However, the conventional method for capturing flying insects such as mosquitoes has the following drawbacks.
Chemical agents such as insecticides and repellents are toxic to the human body and therefore accumulate over long periods of time and may cause addiction symptoms later. In particular, there are concerns about the effects of recent allergic constitutions on children and adverse effects on organs when liver function is reduced. Furthermore, from the precedent of using DDT, there is a problem that the insects are resistant and the medicine is not effective at all. In addition, the mosquito coil has a problem that it smells of smoke and smells in rooms and clothes. On the other hand, there is a method that does not use chemical agents, but there is a method that captures with an adhesive. However, an adhesive trap for cockroaches is designed for capturing insects that crawl on surfaces such as the floor. It is difficult to capture insects that fly in a three-dimensional space without being caught. The method of catching flying insects with so-called trapping paper has the problem that the adhesive is bare, it is easy to touch the hair and hands, and handling is troublesome, and it also depends on the accidental flying of flying insects, so the capture rate is low. It was.

Since many insects have the habit of gathering in light, a method using a light called a light trap is often used. However, in general, the method uses incandescent bulbs, fluorescent lamps, and ultraviolet lamps, so there is a possibility that light may be dazzling for humans or ultraviolet rays may enter the eyes. difficult. In addition to insects that are not attracted to light by nature, the insect mode (hereinafter referred to as activity mode) shows interest in light, such as when insects sting people, escape, or seek darkness according to time of day. Sometimes not. Further, in the method of attracting with a light and capturing at a high voltage, there is a risk of an electric shock when a finger touches the high voltage portion, so it is necessary to install a strict protective member. The protective member prevents the flying insects that are sensitive to obstacles from entering, and the capture rate is lowered. Furthermore, there is a problem that the shocking sound caused by electric shock is noisy, the smell of insects is uncomfortable, and there is a risk of fire if dust accumulates.

The fan suction method for sucking and capturing is a method in which the fan is rotated at a high speed to generate an air current faster than the flying speed of the insects and sucked strongly. For this reason, a difference in atmospheric pressure or discontinuity occurs, and it is easy to detect flying insects that are sensitive to changes in airflow. Since the diameter of the suction port cannot be made so large as to obtain an airflow faster than the flight speed, the flying insect entry port becomes small, and it is difficult to secure a high capture rate with suction force alone. For this reason, it is necessary to spout out flying insects at the suction port in combination with other methods having an attracting action such as CO2 and light. The fan suction method requires the fan to rotate at a high speed, so when used indoors, the rotating sound is loud, and the generated wind blows up dust, and the wind may hit the skin especially during sleep. Yes, unsuitable for indoor use. It is also dangerous to touch the fan. A protective member is required to prevent the hand from touching, and the flying insects sensitive to obstacles are prevented from entering. Furthermore, the fan suction method requires the assistance of attraction by a light or an attractant. When the intake port is enlarged to increase the capture rate, it is necessary to use a large fan, so the amount of air exhausted increases and the indoor wind becomes intense. It is necessary to increase the motor for driving force, and it is also necessary to increase the number of protective members for safety.

Since many insects that have blood-sucking properties have the property of collecting in CO2, the CO2 trap method is used. However, the means for generating CO2 is not reasonable, and the acquisition and filling of carbon dioxide cylinders and dry ice are troublesome, and there is a risk of lack of oxygen when used in a sealed space. Furthermore, the propane combustion type catcher must be large, and there is a problem that it is difficult to move and use indoors.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and according to the present invention, it can be used during sleeping in a room that is a partitioned space, and is quiet enough not to irritate people. Therefore, it is possible to provide a method and an apparatus that are simple, convenient, non-toxic, and safely and reliably capture flying insects. In addition, the present invention is effective not only indoors but also outdoors, and is particularly effective when using light, attractants, or when people are nearby.

  According to the first technical aspect of the present invention, a flying insect trap having a trapping device body that defines a flying insect trapping space and a trapping portion disposed in a part of the trapping space is allowed to fly into the trapping space. The flying insect guiding portion includes a flying insect guiding portion that guides an insect, and the flying insect guiding portion is an opening disposed between the capturing space and the external space, and a first extending outward from the capturing space through the opening. A guide surface and a second guide surface extending outwardly from the capture space via the opening in a direction intersecting the first guide surface.

  According to the second technical aspect of the present invention, the flying insect trap having a trapping device body that defines a flying insect trapping space and a trapping portion that is disposed in a part of the trapping space is allowed to fly into the trapping space. The flying insect guiding portion includes a flying insect guiding portion that guides an insect, and the flying insect guiding portion is an opening disposed between the capturing space and the external space, and a first extending outward from the capturing space through the opening. A movable guide surface that moves in a direction crossing the main axis direction of the opening.

  The behavior patterns of creatures are determined based on the habits and memories that they have, while incorporating environmental information. For capturing flying insects such as mosquitoes, it is especially effective to study behavior patterns based on the relationship between habits and flying environment. As a result of diligent efforts, the inventors have continuity with the surrounding environment for guiding insects to the capture area (described later). In the house, the space is surrounded by constraining surfaces such as floors, walls, ceilings, or furniture. We found that the active use of behavioral patterns in an open space is important for capturing flying insects.

Hereinafter, terms used in the present invention will be described.
(1) Environmental Continuity In the present invention, “environmental continuity”, that is, “mechanical continuity” and “visual continuity” are extremely important for guiding flying insects to traps.

In this specification, the term “mechanical continuity” refers to the continuity of mechanical stimuli that can be sensed from mechanical sensors such as the body surface of the animal, tactile sensation, that is, the amount of change in the mechanical stimuli sensed in the flight pattern. It means being within a range that does not have a significant impact. For example, there are few steps on the floor or wall surface, the inclination of the obstacle surface with respect to the direction of travel is small, there is no significant difference in smoothness, there is little change in airflow, etc. There is no significant discontinuity to give

“Visual continuity” refers to the continuity of electromagnetic stimulation such as light that can be perceived from the eyes, compound eyes, and body surface, that is, the amount of change in the electromagnetic stimulation that is sensed does not affect the flight pattern. That means. For example, differences in brightness, color, temperature, pattern, etc. do not have significant discontinuities that have a significant impact on the surrounding dynamic environment.

Mechanical continuity or visual continuity provides environmental continuity for animals. The present invention is characterized in that it is possible to induce a target animal without actively using environmental continuity and using an attractant.

(2) Restricted surface A surface that restricts the flight path of flying insects, such as a floor surface, a wall surface, a ceiling, or furniture. In a house, the flight path of flying insects is restricted by a constraining surface such as a wall surface. It is observed that flying insects placed in such a space with a constraining surface fly near the walls and ceilings and look for escape routes, especially in the vicinity of walls and ceilings that are constraining surfaces. It was found that there is a high probability of gathering and staying near areas where the constraining surfaces such as boundaries and corners change.

(3) Hopping flight
Mosquitoes blocked by walls as restraining surfaces such as walls, when touching the front wall in the direction of travel, jump back as if drawing an arc, and proceed in the direction of the wall, touching the wall again, draw an arc There is a tendency to move back almost horizontally along the wall. In the following description, this behavior pattern is called “hopping” (see FIG. 5).

(4) All contacts As described above, there are many flights along the constraining space in the closed space. If the air travels along the wall or moves by hopping, it is several millimeters between the other constraining surfaces. If there is a step or gap, it will show a flight pattern that turns back or jumps over by touching it. Therefore, when installing the trap, it is required to maintain the mechanical continuity by setting the gap with the constraining surface to such an extent that the flight pattern does not change significantly. In this specification, in order to satisfy this mechanical continuity, “constraint surface such as a wall and a part of the trap are in contact with each other, or are configured so that the flying insects cannot approach the gap. Called “contact”.

(5) Guiding surface or guiding plate A surface that guides flying insects to the capture area inside the trap or a plate member that defines the surface, and acts on the characteristics of the flying insects such as visual tactile sense, and the trapping area itself The thing which induces the tendency to approach.

(6) By moving the movable guide surface guide surface in the direction intersecting with the surface, the equivalent incident angle of the guide surface when entering the trap body is reduced and the guide effect is enhanced. Conversely, the equivalent angle of the guide surface when escaping from the inside of the trap to the outside is increased, and the shielding effect is enhanced. In this case, a movement that satisfies the environmental continuity of the airflow is required so as to catch flying insects such as mosquitoes that are sensitive to changes in the airflow.

The capturing principle of a conventional fan type trap is to capture at a suction speed sufficiently higher than the maximum flying speed of flying insects. Therefore, the fan rotates at a high speed, the airflow is disturbed, and the atmospheric pressure changes discontinuously. In addition, since the fan rotates at high speed, the insects collide with the fan blades and are crushed and unsanitary. There are many types that are used in combination with powerful light, carbon dioxide, and suction substances, and are not suitable for indoor use. On the other hand, the guide surface according to the present invention is not captured by the suction action of the airflow, but results in inducing flying insects using the guide effect and shielding effect of the movable guide plate while satisfying the environmental continuity As an efficient and safe capture.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

The structure of the trap which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated in detail based on FIG. 1 and FIG. The trap 10 according to the present embodiment, that is, the trap body 10 that defines the capture space for flying insects, guide plates 21, 22, 23 that define guide surfaces for guiding the flying insects to the inside 11 of the trap body 10. And a capturing unit 30 that captures flying insects guided to the inside 11 of the main body. More specifically, the opening portion S20 disposed between the capture space and the external space, and the guide portion 20 are provided from the first guide plate 21 that defines the inner surface of the main body 10, that is, from the capture space via the opening portion S20. First guide plate 21 extending in the direction and two second guide plates 22 and 23 extending outward from the inside 11 of the main body in a direction intersecting the virtual plane of the first guide plate, that is, an opening from the capture space And second guide plates 22 and 23 for defining a second guide surface extending outward in a direction intersecting the first guide surface. Moreover, the 1st guide plate 21 and the 2nd guide plates 22 and 23 may be a part of trap body. The first guide plate and the second guide plate are relative to each other, and may be referred to as the first guide plates 21, 22, 23 and the second guide plates 22, 23, 21.

The major difference between capturing flying insects flying in space and capturing insects that crawl on the floor or wall is that the range of movement of the worms is constrained to a plane. In this embodiment, the opening defined by the guide plate extending to the outer space is a continuous space for the flying insects. Accordingly, a guide insect that guides flying insects flying in the space by having a plurality of guide plates to the second guide plate by the first guide plate or to the first guide plate by the second guide plate. Can cooperatively guide to the capture unit and capture the flying insects efficiently.

The trap of the present embodiment includes a first guide plate 21 that defines a first guide surface, second guide plates 22 and 23 that define a second guide surface that is asymptotic to the first guide surface, and a capture unit 30. In particular, the entire trap is almost a capture space without requiring a space to confine flying insects. When the space is partitioned by the first guide plate and the second guide plate, a first opening S24, a second opening S25, and a third opening S26 that communicate with the outside are defined. The second guide plate is configured to gradually approach the first guide plate 21 as it approaches the inner end portions 22i and 23i of the second guide plate from the outside, and the first guide is the most at the inner end portions 22i and 23i. Asymptotic to the plate, the gap is W3. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the trapping device of the present embodiment has an internal space 11 defined by the first guide plate and the second guide plate, and the internal space is further divided into three parts that lead to the outside. Openings S24-26 are provided. From the viewpoint of flying insects entering the trap 10, it is possible to desire the outside from any position in the internal space 11 of the trap. In other words, in the internal space, the first guiding surface and the first guiding surface can be viewed from any position on either the first guiding surface or the second guiding surface via any opening. Since the two guide surfaces are configured, the internal space is a passage for flying insects (distributed in three dimensions) that communicates between the outside and the outside. As a result, the environmental continuity between the outer space and the trap is satisfied, and the flying insects can act with the recognition that they can fly through the trap and fly without using any attractant. It is possible to guide insects inside the trap.

A part of the internal space as a flight path for the flying insects is narrowly configured by the inner end portions 22i and 23i while being allowed to pass through, thereby forming a constricted portion W3 of the flight path. It becomes easy to contact the periphery of the parts 22i and 23i and the first guide plate. When the flying insect touches the passage wall in such a constricted region while flying through the flight passage, it is reflected there and easily comes into contact with the opposite wall surface, so that contact and reflection are easily repeated between the opposite wall surfaces. Therefore, when the trapping portion 30 such as an adhesive sheet is disposed so as to include a portion asymptotic to the vicinity of the inner end portions 22i and 23i of the second guide plate that defines the first guide surface and the second guide surface, the flying insects are captured. Becomes easier. Since there is a flight path that allows flying insects to pass through the trap without the capture unit 30, even if the flight path is constrained by the guide surface and the flight path is restricted by the guide surface, It uses the behavioral form of flying toward. That is, by maintaining environmental continuity that allows flying insects to fly through, entry into the trap and flight passing are facilitated, and the catching section 30 is provided in an area where flying insects are likely to pass through, so it is easy. I can capture it. Also, no power is required.

As shown in FIG. 2, the trapping device according to the present embodiment fixes the positional relationship between the guide plates 41 and 42 of the guide plates. The width of the first guide plate is W1, the width of the maximum opening of the third opening S26 formed by the second guide plates 22 and 23 is W2, the first opening S24 formed by the first guide plate and the second guide plate, the second The positional relationship is fixed so that the minimum opening width in the opening S25 is W3 and the maximum width is W4 (FIG. 2A).

As shown in FIG. 2B, an adhesive sheet (width W <b> 5) as the capturing unit 30 is installed on the first guide plate 21. It is also possible to apply the adhesive directly to the guide plate to form the capture unit 30. Since the capture part 30 preferably satisfies the first guide plate and environmental continuity, an adhesive sheet that is thin and spreads in a planar shape is suitable. Moreover, you may install a capture part similarly to a 2nd guide plate. As shown in FIG. 3, a rod-like or linear member with an adhesive may be installed between the first guide plate 21 and the second guide plate as the capture unit 30.

FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment in which the guide plate support member 43 is configured by detachably attaching a replaceable adhesive sheet from the upper adhesive sheet insertion portion C10. Further, the first guide plate and the second guide plate may be opened apart so that the lid is opened, and the adhesive sheet may be exchanged. The trap body may be processed or a suspension member C11 may be attached so that it can be suspended from a constraining surface such as a wall. Further, the guide plate support members 41 and 42 can be shaped to engage with each other or a portion C12 can be provided so that the trap body can be stacked in the longitudinal direction. By stacking, it is possible to efficiently capture flying insects caught on a constraining surface such as a wall. If the 2nd guide plates 22 and 23 are match | combined with the back surface of the 1st guide plate 21, an opening part will become wide and a capture rate can be raised.

<Position of first guide plate and second guide plate>
In the present embodiment, the second guide plates 22 and 23 that define the second guide surface in the capture space have a first guide surface that defines the first guide surface in the capture space such that the second guide plates 22 and 23 asymptotically approach one end 22i and 23i. Asymptotically approaches the guide plate 21. The end portions of the first guide plate and the second guide plate are separated so as to have a gap W3 that allows the flying insects to fly through. As a result, the environmental continuity is satisfied in this area, and the flying insects enter with the intention of passing through the trap. However, since the flight path can be contacted with only a slight displacement, the flying insect can easily contact the adhesive layer around the gap W3 and can be easily captured.

Specifically, the distance W3 between the first guide plate 21 and the second guide plates 22 and 23 is determined so that the flying insects are trapped in the adhesive layer when the flying insects passing through the first opening S24 or 25th are captured with an adhesive or the like. It can be determined based on the distance that can be touched. That is, assuming that two parallel plates are placed on the left and right, a flying insect is allowed to pass through the gap and can pass through based on the distance between the two plates that can pass without contact. The interval W3 is determined. That is, when flying insects are induced in the meantime, it can be reliably captured if there is a capture portion such as an adhesive on at least one of the plates that face. This is because flying insect wings are delicate, so they can be captured with little contact with the catching section, unlike the movement of the legs of insects crawling on surfaces like cockroaches. Note that the interval W3 is defined for flying insects flying with their wings spread, and is not necessarily a case where the gap W3 does not dive through the gap when not flying, so it is not necessarily equal to the body length.

Further, by providing the distance W3 between the first guide plate and the second guide plate, the angle between the first guide plate and the second guide plate can be increased without increasing the angle ψ1 of the second guide plate with respect to the first guide plate. The distance W4 can be widened, the opening is widened, and the flying insects easily enter the trap 11. Before and after the collision with the guide plate, the reflection angles bounce back with respect to the incident angle are almost equal. Therefore, if the angle ψ1 is excessively widened, when the flying insect collides with the second guide plate, the first guide plate with the capture unit 30 is present. It is because it becomes difficult to be induced by. In addition, if the opening can be provided in the opposite direction to the path through which the flying insect has entered, or if the opening on the opposite side is a bright scene, the flying insect can be used even if the guide plate is not light transmissive. Is likely to be guided to the capturing part because it tries to pass through the gap.

In the present embodiment, the second guiding surface of the flying insect guiding portion 20 has a first surface 22 and a second surface 23 which are separated, and asymptotically approach each other as they approach the inner end portions 22i and 23i. The inner end portion is configured to be asymptotic to the first guide surface 21 and the inner end portions are also closest to each other. Accordingly, the two surfaces 22 and 23 define a third opening S26 to enable the flying insect to be guided to the inside. The two inner end portions 22i and 23i may be engaged to form an integral shape as shown in FIG.

<Behavior pattern and all contact>
When the flying mosquito touches the front wall in the direction of travel, it jumps back like an arc, and when it touches the wall again and touches the wall again, it repeatedly jumps back like an arc. A flying pattern called “hopping” (FIG. 5) that moves in the horizontal direction is shown. The hopping interval Wh observed with mosquitoes is not always constant, but is about 1 cm to 3 cm, and large squids may be about 5 cm. Further, although the hopping interval Wh differs depending on the activity mode, it tends to increase as the flight speed increases with a healthy mosquito. The flying altitude in hopping is often kept almost horizontal. There is also a flight pattern where you move slowly along the wall while touching the forefoot on the wall. In this way, when flying insects move along the wall or move by hopping, if there is a step or gap of several millimeters between the trap and the constraining surface such as the wall, touching there , Shows a flight pattern that turns back or jumps over. Therefore, when the trap is installed, it is preferable to maintain the mechanical continuity by setting the gap with the restraint surface to such an extent that the flight pattern does not change greatly.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6A, the trap 10 according to the present embodiment comes into contact with an indoor restraint surface 50 such as a wall at the outer ends 61b and 61c of the first guide plate 21, or flying insects It is preferable to make all the contacts so close that they cannot pass.

<Installation method>
The installation method of FIG. 6B is effective when the invasion path is reduced by one compared to FIG. 6A, but it is difficult to ensure the mechanical continuity between the first guide plate and the wall. . The figure which installed the 1st guide plate in the restraint surface in many cases which obstructs all contact with a catcher and the restraint surface like a building structure between a restraint surface, such as a wall, and a floor, cords, etc. In the case of the installation method 6 (a), it may be difficult to bring the entire surface of the first guide plate into full contact with the constraining surface without a gap. Therefore, if there is a step or gap of several mm between the restraint surface, the probability that mosquito will come in contact with it and jump over or turn back will increase. In this case, if the trap 10 of the present embodiment is installed as shown in FIG. 6B and at least only the end portions 62 and 63 of the second guide plate are brought into contact with each other, the entire contact can be made. . Further, when the trapezoidal structure has a width W1 longer than W2, even if the mosquito contacts and jumps over at the end portions 62 and 63, the probability that the mosquito hits the protruding first guide plate and is captured increases.

In addition, when objects, such as furniture, are set to the wall which is a restraint surface, a restraint surface becomes uneven and it may be difficult to install a trap main body. In such a case, a screen-like object may be placed, and a trap body may be set and captured there.

When installed on a bright constraining surface such as a window glass using a light-transmitting guide plate, flying insects attracted by the brightness come toward the trap. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6A, if an opening S26 is formed by the second guide plates 22 and 23, the flying insects attracted by the light can be guided and captured in the gap by the second guide plate. .

In addition, since the trap of the present embodiment has environmental continuity with the surrounding environment, in addition to flying insects, insects that crawl on walls such as moths and cutworms can be captured.

  The trap according to the present embodiment further uses the visual continuity of flying insects as compared with the trap according to the first embodiment.

<Visual continuity and trap color>
Visual changes such as lightness and color change are important environmental continuity parameters that affect flight patterns. In other words, the wall shows a flight pattern in which the wall turns around near the boundary between the bright and dark areas, or the one that flew by small hopping greatly jumps, and when it goes to a darker area, it often stops near the boundary . From this, it can be seen that even near a flat surface, the vicinity of the boundary between the bright region and the dark region is recognized as an obstacle.

In order to confirm the above, an experiment was conducted in which a single plate was used as the guide plate, and only the color was changed to examine the effect of differences in black, white, transparent (including translucent) color and brightness. In the case of 50 × 30 × 30 cm, female Aedes albopictus and Culex mosquito were used under daylight in the daylight room (the following experiment also used a female mosquito). In the case of a black guide plate with a white constraining surface such as a wall, it turned back at the end or jumped over the guide surface and often stopped when it entered the black region. When the constraining surface is white and the color of the guide plate is white or transparent, there is a step of several millimeters without contact, and there is a tendency to contact and turn back or jump over. The flight pattern passed without any change in the flight pattern. When the constraining surface is transparent and the guide plate is white or black, the guide plate turns back or jumps at the end of the guide plate, and often stops after the boundary. When the constraining surface was transparent and the guide plate was transparent, the flight pattern passed without change when all the contacts were made. When the restraint surface was black and the guide plate was white, the flight pattern did not change significantly at the end. Overall, the mosquitoes were sensitive to changes in brightness and color.

That is, on the other hand, the dark-colored guide plate showed a flight pattern to be avoided by recognizing it as an obstacle. However, when the guide plate satisfies visual continuity, it can be guided deeper inside the trap body.

Therefore, when guiding insects to the inside of the trap, the brightness distribution is gently reduced by suppressing the spatial brightness change or discontinuity at the environment around the restraint surface such as a wall and the entrance to the trap. We found that visual continuity related to lightness is required for flying insect induction.

<Light transmission>
As described above, when the obstacle is light transmissive and transparent or translucent (hereinafter referred to as transparent), insects flying toward the obstacle cannot recognize the obstacle and easily collide. Furthermore, it has been found that the flight pattern bounces back from there, and the subsequent flight pattern varies depending on the direction of the angle of collision with the obstacle. By utilizing this property, it becomes possible to control the flying direction of the insects by the light-transmitting obstacle, and the obstacle serves as a guide surface.

Before and after a collision with a light-transmitting obstacle (hereinafter referred to as a guidance surface), the reflection angle θ2 rebounding with respect to the incident angle θ1 is substantially equal, and the subsequent behavior pattern is affected by the configuration of the guidance surface. For horizontal flight that keeps the flight altitude almost constant, if the guide surface is installed so that the normal direction of the guide surface is about 45 degrees in the horizontal plane with respect to the flight direction (FIG. 8A), The flight direction could be changed at a right angle. When it collides from the normal direction of the guide surface, it may turn back, but it often moves sideways in the direction of the guide surface, and it may be hopping flight (FIG. 8B).

As described above, since mosquitoes react sensitively to changes in lightness, the trap of the present embodiment has either a first guide plate or the like or a second guide plate that is light transmissive and translucent or transparent. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Since the trap according to the present invention is movable, the installation place is not limited. However, the color environment of the surrounding environment affects the environmental continuity with the trap. Therefore, the guiding surface in contact with the outer space is light transmissive, so that the color of the surrounding environment is reflected through the guiding surface, so that visual continuity is satisfied and flying insects can be guided to the trap more easily. It becomes.

<Experiment>
An experiment was conducted using the trap of this example in a case of 50 × 30 × 30 cm under natural light in a daytime room. Experiments were performed with first and second guide plates of three different colors. That is, a transparent one, a white one, or a silver one (aluminum foil) was used. The penetration and penetration into the trap were observed without using an adhesive. The first guide plate is 10 cm wide × 22 cm high, and the second guide plate is 4.5 cm wide × 22 cm high. The distance W3 between the first guide plate and the second guide plate is 1.3 cm, the opening W4 is 4.5 cm, and the distance between the second guide plates is 0.8 cm. The width W5 of the capture part was 7 cm.

  When the guide plate is white or silver, the inside becomes dark and discontinuous with respect to the surrounding brightness. For this reason, even when mosquitoes moved along the wall, they almost jumped over the trap or turned back.

  On the other hand, when the guide plate was transparent, when the mosquito moved along the wall, it almost entered the main body and repeatedly passed through the collision between the first guide plate and the second guide plate. The collision with the guide surface means that the adhesive layer is trapped when there is an adhesive layer. Further, when comparing the shape of the second guide plate with a straight line and a concave curve type, the concave curve was more easily penetrated to the back (FIG. 7A). Even when the second guide plate has a shape that defines one curved surface as shown in FIG. 7B, the same effect as that shown in FIG. 2 was obtained.

The trap of the present invention can further increase the capture rate by utilizing environmental continuity with the constraining surface. However, the constraining surface 50 such as a wall has a wall bulge, a bulge of a plate at the boundary between the wall and the floor, or cords, so that the first guide plate and the second guide plate of the trap body 10 are present. In some cases, it is difficult to bring the end of the contact portion into full contact with the restraining surface 50. In this case, there is a step or gap in the restraint surface with the first guide plate or the second guide plate, and there is a step of several millimeters. It interferes with intrusion.

The trap of the present embodiment further has a tip portion in which the guide plate extends outward from the main body (FIGS. 9 and 10). That is, the first guide plate 21 includes the first guide plate base 21a and the first guide plate tips 21b and 21c extended outwardly from the first guide plate 21 so that the first guide plate 21 can easily come into full contact with the restraint surface 50. Have. Similarly, the second guide plates 22 and 23 may include second guide plate base portions 22a and 23a and second guide plate tip portions 22b and 23b that extend outward.

The material of the leading end of the guide plate is preferably a light transmissive material that enhances visual continuity with the constraining surface 50. In order to increase the mechanical continuity by bringing all the contacts into contact with each other and to ensure the safety of the tip portion protruding outside, the tip portion is preferably made of a flexible material. Moreover, you may make it movable so that the 1st guide plate front-end | tip parts 21b and 21c may open and close with respect to the 1st guide plate base 21a. If there is a cut in the horizontal direction at the tip of the guide plate, even if there is a step in the vertical direction where there is a bulge at the boundary between the wall and the floor, it is easy to make full contact.

Without the leading end of the guide plate, when the trap is separated from the wall, it often enters the gap or is turned back by a step. However, all the contacts are easily realized by the leading end of the guide plate and the continuity is increased, and the leading end of the guide plate assists the intrusion into the trap body main body 11.

Also, when the angle with the wall is 45 degrees or more, when a mosquito coming along the wall contacts the surface, it moves in a direction perpendicular to the wall (FIG. 8 (a)) and reaches the inside 11 of the trap body. There were many cases where there were no cases. Therefore, it is preferable to install so that an angle with a constraining surface such as a wall is 45 degrees or less. If the guide plate tip portions 22b and 23b are flexible or have a curved surface, the angle with the constraining surface can be substantially 45 degrees or less. Furthermore, since the guide plate tip (21b, 21c, 22b, 23b) also has an action of expanding the opening W4 of the opening, insects are easily captured.

The trap 10 according to the present embodiment further includes a light source in the previous Examples 1 to 3 (FIGS. 11 and 12). As shown in FIG. 11, a light source 81 having directivity is installed so that a part of the capture unit 30 is irradiated with irradiation light. When the first guide plate and the capture unit 30 are made of a light transmissive material, light may be applied from the back side of the capture unit 30.

Since conventional traps used fluorescent lamps or the like as the light source, the entire inside of the trap is illuminated almost uniformly, so the brightness of the trap is almost uniform, so apart from flying insects that are strongly attracted by light In the case of insects that are interested in light, they come to the vicinity of the opening, but often do not enter the trap. Moreover, since the conventional trap has a large amount of light emitted outside the trap, there is a drawback that it is too bright when used at bedtime.

In the present embodiment, since light is applied from a light source 81 to a part of the capture unit 30, insects are easily guided to the back of the capture device, and the capture rate is further increased. In addition, since the amount of light leaking from the trap is small, it can be used at bedtime.

<Improvement of capture efficiency by multiple light sources>
FIG. 12 is a modified embodiment in which a second light source 82 is provided so as to irradiate from a direction that is not perpendicular to the surface of the capture unit 30 on the first guide plate 21. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, when the light source 82 is installed on the upper part of the catcher, the flying insects that have entered the catcher body 10 can be seen well near the opening, and ascend toward the light source 82 from there. Since the flight is performed, the length of the flight path and the staying time in the vicinity of the capture unit 30 are increased, and the capture rate is improved. If a light source having a plurality of directivities with different optical axis directions is used, the direction of flight can be controlled, and the internal structure of the trap can be constituted by light.

When applied to the traps of the first to third embodiments, the first light source 81 and the second light source 82 having directivity are provided, and the principal axes of the light beams of the light source 81 and the second light source 82, that is, the optical axes are different from each other. It is preferable to arrange so as to face the direction. For example, when the light source 81 is attracted by the light source 81 and flies toward the catcher, the light source 82 tends to be directed upward when the light source 82 is seen upward near the opening of the catcher. By using this property, 1) guide insects to the back of the trap, and 2) control the flight in the vicinity of the capture unit to increase the length of the flight path and stay time in the vicinity of the capture unit 30. The capture rate is improved, and 3) the capture region can be used effectively. The capture area can be effectively used. In the capture using adhesive, the trapped insects concentrate on the area where the spot of the light source hits the capture area, and the capture ability tends to decrease quickly, but it can be dispersed with the second light source That's what it means.

In addition, the flight direction can be controlled more easily by selecting the intensity and wavelength of the light source. For example, by making it possible to recognize light of a wavelength and intensity that is harmless to the human eye to flying insects, it is effective in capturing insects such as ultraviolet rays in the trap, but it is harmful if directly entering the human eye A light source can be used and is safe for the human eye.

<Used as a light source>
The wavelength of the light source is selected from infrared rays and ultraviolet rays depending on the nature of each flying insect. The three primary colors of insects are yellow, blue, and ultraviolet, and in particular, wavelengths from purple to ultraviolet are used to capture insects. For this reason, fluorescent lamps and black lights are often used. However, when used indoors, it is dangerous if ultraviolet rays that are difficult to be felt by eyes enter the eyes. In particular, it is necessary to take this into consideration for a trap used indoors because the surroundings are bright when used at bedtime.

For example, an LED is preferable as the light source. In addition, it has directivity using light bulbs (bean spheres, wheat balls, etc.), fluorescent lamps, ultraviolet lamps, neon lamps, sodium lamps, mercury lamps, halogen lamps, plasma, organic EL, phosphorescent agents, light emission by chemical reaction, etc. A light source may be configured.

<Experiment>
In the traps of Examples 1 and 2, a light source was set on the trap body, and an intrusion experiment was conducted in an experiment with a case of 50 × 30 × 30 cm. Even when the trap body was white and not light-transmitting, it was possible to guide to the inside 11 of the trap body by providing the light source 81. When the trap was installed on the wall side, it entered the inside more frequently. There was a difference depending on the position where the light source was installed in the trap, and when the light source was installed so that the light source could be seen directly only after coming near the inside of the trap, it turned back when the light source appeared suddenly. This is probably because the continuity of light is not satisfied. When the light source was installed in the trap so that a part of the trap portion 30 was irradiated with light rather than making the entire trap 11 inside bright, it could be guided to the inside of the trap. The induction effect was higher when the induction plate was silver than when it was white. In the case of silver, when the light source was attached toward the back of the opening, it could be guided to the back of the trap by the effect of reflection.

When the yellow LED was attached to the white catcher body, it was possible to capture Aedes albopictus. The same was true for the green LED. Generally, a light containing a UV component is used, but even a faint yellow / green LED can be captured. The corner of the room and the wall side were suitable for the installation location. In addition, green works to relieve eye tension and is less irritating to humans.

  When the light source 82 was set on the upper part of the trap body as shown in FIG. 12, there was a tendency to change the flight direction upward after entering the trap and aim at the light source 82. When combined with the light source 81, it was particularly effective for the squid.

Even if the airflow is weak enough to be perceived by humans, flying insects such as mosquitoes react sensitively and change the flight mode. Also, riding in a fast stream of airflow may cause a visual change in the background.

However, in the case of a conventional fan-type trap, the fan rotates and sucks at high speed, so that the airflow is disturbed near the fan blades, and the atmospheric pressure gradient and its change are large. Since the diameter of the suction port cannot be made too large so as to obtain an airflow faster than the flight speed, the entrance of the flying insect becomes small, and it is difficult to secure a high capture rate only by suction. Therefore, it is indispensable to attract flying insects to the suction port in combination with a method having an attracting action such as light, CO 2 or odorous substances. Therefore, for example, when a trap is placed in the bedroom, there are problems such as dazzling at bedtime, lack of oxygen, and smell.

In addition, flying insects may detect abnormalities in advance based on vision, acceleration, etc., and may escape at the maximum flying speed. Therefore, in order to capture flying insects that are sensitive to changes in the airflow by suction, it is necessary to rotate the fan so that a suction wind speed faster than the maximum flight speed is generated.

In addition, fan rotation noise and wind noise are generated and it is necessary to exhaust a large amount of inhaled air.For example, when a trap is placed in the bedroom, the operation sound of the fan becomes uncomfortable at bedtime, and the air flow in the room is noticeable. There is also the problem of becoming. Therefore, such a problem becomes conspicuous if the diameter of the suction port is increased and the fan is increased in order to increase the capture rate. For this reason, traps using a suction fan are usually used outside the room or outdoors.

Further, flying insects are damaged by the edge of the high-speed moving blade of the suction fan, which is unsanitary. In addition, it is dangerous if a hand touches the fan accidentally, and a structure that covers the fan so that the hand does not touch is necessary, which also prevents the flying insects from entering.

In order to solve the above problems, a configuration that incorporates environmental continuity related to airflow is required. Environmental continuity related to airflow here means mechanical continuity of airflow that minimizes changes in airflow, such as smoothing airflow, and changes in visual stimuli such as the background perceived by flying insects. It means visual continuity in which the amount is within a range that does not significantly affect the flight pattern. In the conventional trapping method using the suction fan, it is impossible to satisfy the environmental continuity because it is essential to form a pressure gradient around the fan. Although the trap of this embodiment has a movable part in an opening part, a flying insect can be guide | induced inside a trap, satisfy | filling environmental continuity.

Below, the structure of the trap of this embodiment is demonstrated in detail.
As shown in FIG. 13 and the like, the trap according to the present embodiment is a flying insect having a trap body 10 defining a flying insect trapping space CS and a trapping portion 30 arranged in a part of the trapping space. The trap 10 includes a flying insect guide 20 that guides flying insects into the capture space, and the flying insect guide 20 includes an opening 512 disposed between the capture space and the external space, and a capture space. A movable guide plate 521 extending outward from the inside of the main body through an opening is provided. Furthermore, the movable guide plate 521 is rotated around the virtual axis RC at a low speed by a drive unit 530 such as a motor.

The movement of the movable guide plate 521 is controlled so as not to generate an air flow faster than the flying speed of the flying insect in the direction DI (direction DB in which the flying insect FM enters) toward the opening 512, and the air flow is smoothed. It rotates at a sufficiently low rotational speed (hereinafter referred to as low speed) so as to satisfy the environmental continuity of the airflow that minimizes changes in the airflow. That is, the low-speed movement of the movable guide plate is such that the flying insect is not damaged, and the low-speed movement is such that the air flow generated by the movement of the movable guide plate does not hinder the flying of the flying insect.

Since the trapping principle of flying insects by the trap of this embodiment does not require the generation of airflow faster than the flight speed, there is no problem of air flow due to exhaust even if the opening of the trap body is enlarged, and it is movable Since the guide plate moves at a low speed and does not need to actively generate wind, it is not necessary to provide a protective fence to prevent a human hand or the like from coming into contact. Accordingly, the opening can be widened, the number of protective fences that prevent the flying insects from entering is reduced, and the capture rate can be increased. Further, since the movable guide plate only needs to guide the flying insects, a flexible material can be used. As a result, it can be fully captured without the assistance of light or attracting goods. Also, it is hygienic because it can capture flying insects without damaging them.

In addition, it is impossible to install a fan in the space in the opening between the main body of the trap and the external space because the suction method using a fan needs to be combined with a safety or something that has an attracting action such as a light. The structure is completely different from the present embodiment in which the movable guide plate is installed in the opening.

<Static virtual plane and virtual flight passage>
The movable guide plate 521 corresponds to the guide plate of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, the movement of the movable guide plates 521a and 521b due to rotation or the like is in the direction DA intersecting the direction DB in which the flying insect FM enters. Equivalent to moving. FIG. 14 schematically illustrates a case where the flying insect FM flies through the moving space of the movable guide plate at a constant speed in the flying direction DB. That is, when the movable guide plates 521a and 521b move in the direction DA, and the flying insect FM flies through the movable guide plates 521a and 521b, the position of the movable guide plate 521 at the time i (i = 1, 2, 3) is ti, the flight. Let mi be the position along the insect direction DB.

Further, the moving speed of the movable guide plate in the DA direction is vb (≧ 0), the flying speed of the flying insect invasion direction DB is vm, and the actual inclination angle of the movable guide plate is θ. In FIG. 14, the movable guide plate 521a moves to the positions t1, t2, and t2 with the passage of time i = 1, 2, and 3, and the flying insect FM moves to the positions m1, m2, and m3 in the direction 250 accordingly. . If the unit of time passage is a unit time, for example, m2-m1 = vm and t2-t1 = vb.

At this time, when the relative position between the movable guide plate and the position mi is seen from the flying insects at each position, apparently,
tan φ = tan θ−vb / vm (1)
A virtual stationary surface 561a having an inclination angle φ that satisfies the above condition can be seen.

When the movable guide plate is stationary, the movable guide plate and the virtual plane coincide with each other and φ = θ. In the same manner, the movable guide plate 521b that moves can see a virtual stationary surface 561b having an apparent inclination angle φ from the flying insect FM. Therefore, the space between the two virtual stationary surfaces 561a and 561b is a temporary stationary space through which flying insects can fly and is called a virtual flight path S211.

The inclination angle φ of the virtual plane is φ ≦ θ (θ> 0 °) from the definition, and as shown in FIG. 15, the flying insects fly straight without touching the virtual plane in the virtual path S211 and pass through. This means that the range S216 that can be generated is increased compared to the range S214 when the range S216 is stationary (vb = 0) and is guided to the inside. It should be noted that the passage width S214 in which the flying insects can fly through the moving space of the movable guide plate at the shortest distance is widened as in S216 as compared with the case where it is stationary.

Further, flying insects can contact the first virtual surface 561a in regions other than the region S216 that can fly straight through the width d of the virtual flight path, but the first virtual surface 561a will be described below. In this way, the flying insects are guided inward under certain conditions.

The movable guide plate 521a (521b) defines a first surface 520f and a second surface 520r, and the first surface 520f corresponds to the guide plate of the first embodiment in its operation. Since the first virtual surface 561a that forms the boundary surface of the virtual flight path S211 is also a locus of the first surface 520f, it is actually a moving guide that the flying insect touches the first virtual surface 561a. This corresponds to contact with the first surface 520f of the plate 521a (521b).

In this case, since the flying insects follow the first surface 520f, when the flying insects fly along the path 251 and come in contact with the movable guide plate, the first as shown schematically at 251 in FIG. The light enters the virtual plane 561a at an angle φ (incident angle 90 ° −φ) and flies in the direction r2 which is the reflection angle (90 ° −φ). Compared to changing the flight direction in the r1 direction when the movable guide plate 521a is stationary, it appears to be a virtual surface with a slope that makes it easier for the flying insects that are outward to invade more easily to guide the flying insects to the inside. The effect to do increases.

In the present embodiment, the movement of the movable guide plate is controlled so that the moving speed vb of the movable plate is sufficiently small and the inclination angle φ of the virtual plane satisfies θ <φ ≦ 0 °, that is, 0 <vb ≦ vm × tan θ. It is preferable.

More specifically, the flying speed of the flying insect is a representative flying speed (maximum flying speed of the flying insect) vm0, and the moving speed vb is vb ≦ vm0 × tan θ (first condition).
It is preferable to set so as to satisfy.

In addition, when a flying insect that has entered the moving space of the movable guide plate contacts the movable guide plate 521b under the above conditions, the flying insect is guided inward so as to be scooped by the movable guide plate 521b. Since the moving speed of the movable guide plate is low, the flying insects are guided inward by the movable guide plate 521b rather than being carried by the air flow.

The movable guide plate according to the present invention is not different from the first embodiment in that it does not suck the flying insects but guides them to the inside of the trap by utilizing the behavior of the flying insects. The stationary virtual surfaces 561a and 561b shown in FIG. 14 are cases where the moving speed of the movable guide plates 521a and 521b is small and not so large as compared with the flying speed of the flying insect invasion direction DB. A direction DA in which the movable guide plate moves is a direction in which the outer end portion 520e of the movable guide plate moves ahead of the inner end portion 520i.

Since the movable guide plate typically has a plurality of blades as shown in FIG. 13 and moves by rotation, the physical arrangement interval d between the movable guide plates 521a and 521b is the length of the circumference along which the movable plate moves. Less than or equal to It is also possible to form a spiral movable guide plate with a single blade. The blade on the first circumference is the movable guide plate 521a, and the blade on the second circumference is the movable guide plate 521. In this case, since the inclination angle θ of the movable guide plate becomes considerably large, the width d of the virtual flight path is equal to the circumference of the rotation, and there may be no region S216 that can fly straight and pass through. However, as described above, since the inclination angle φ of the virtual stationary surface 561a is smaller than the inclination angle θ when stationary due to the rotational movement, the flying insect is guided inward. As will be described later, it also has an effect of blocking the flight of flying insects trying to escape outward.

In the movable guide plate, the outer end portion 520e moves in the direction in which the second surface 520r faces in front of the inner end portion 520i, and the flying insect moves from the outer space toward the inner side of the trap. It is preferable that the movement is controlled so that it can fly through (first condition). More preferably, the movement of the movable guide plate is controlled so that the flying insect can pass straight (250) through the moving space of the movable guide plate from the outer space toward the inside of the trap.

Further, the equal sign in the first condition, that is, φ = 0 °, is when the flight passage region that can freely pass through without contacting the guide plate is maximized and becomes equal to the distance d of the movable guide plates. At this time, when the flying insects fly at a representative speed at the shortest distance from the external space toward the inside of the trap (capture space), the free passing area due to the virtual plane formed relatively is maximized. The movement of the movable guide plate is controlled.

<Virtual plane with negative tilt angle>
FIG. 16 shows a case where the moving speed of the movable moving plate greatly exceeds the flying insect speed vm and vb> tan θ × vm, that is, φ <0 °. In this case, unlike the case of φ ≧ 0 °, the flying insect FM that attempts to fly and pass in the DB direction may come into contact with the second static virtual surface 563b that is the boundary of the virtual flying path S211.

In general, when a suction-type fan is used, even if the fan rotates slowly, the apparent inclination is about φ <−70 °, so the probability that the flying insect or the second virtual surface 563b contacts is very high. . This is a natural result because the air soul around the fan must be removed inward for suction. The flying insects contacting the second virtual surface 563b means contacting the second surface 521b of the movable guide plate in a situation close to a collision. This situation looks similar to the shielding effect when flying insects escape, but is significantly different. The substance of the second virtual surface 563b is a movable guide plate, and in this case, the second virtual surface 563b rotates at a speed much faster than the flying speed. Therefore, when the flying insect contacts the second virtual surface 563b, the end of the movable guide plate There is a high possibility of contact with the (edge) and the flying insects are easily damaged.

Even when the second insect 520r is in contact with not the edge, it is highly likely that the flying insect will unexpectedly collide obliquely from behind in the flight direction, and the flying insect cannot take a reflective action on the second face 520r. Since the impact force is very large, it is struck into the inside by the striking force together with the suction, and the induction effect characterized by the present invention cannot be expected at all.

  In the movable guide plate of the present invention, the moving guide plate moving condition is set so as to satisfy vb ≦ vm × tan θ. As a result, the inclination φ of the imaginary plane is smaller than the inclination angle θ at rest, and thus the spatial continuity of flying insects And the inward guiding effect is enhanced, and the inclination angle φ of the virtual flight path S211 does not fall below 0 °, so that the flying insect is not damaged unexpectedly, so that the guiding effect can be maintained. it can. Therefore, this condition is a condition for the flying insect to pass through the virtual flight path S211 or to be guided in contact with the first virtual surface 561a, and is a limit when the passage area becomes maximum. The value of the moving speed vb = vm × tan θ is referred to as a free passage limit speed. In other words, the trap of the present embodiment is configured so that the second surface 520r of the movable guide plate does not come into contact with the flying insects while the flying insects fly through the moving space of the movable guide plate from the external space toward the capture space. This is characterized in that the movement is controlled.

  In order to realize such an action, it must be noted that the moving speed of the movable guide surface must be set low enough to use the sensitivity and recognition ability of flying insects for environmental continuity as described above. I must. For example, in the vicinity of the fan of a suction fan type trap, it is necessary to generate a wind speed that exceeds the flight speed in order to forcibly attract flying insects in the vicinity of the fan. It is impossible to guide flying insects by moving the first surface 520f as described above at 0 °. Therefore, in this embodiment, the speed of the resulting air flow must be much smaller than that by the suction fan system.

<Flying reflection limit speed>
The flying insect guidance according to the present invention utilizes the nature of the flying pattern before and after the collision on the guiding plate, and is not forcedly pulled in by ignoring the flying pattern like a fan. Therefore, it does not make the flying insects unable to fly due to the shock caused by the collision.

In general, flying insects continue flying even if they collide with obstacles due to their own flying speed, and the body of flying insects is not easily damaged. Therefore, the flying speed of the flying guide plate 521 that moves in the state of φ <0 ° Even in the case of collision, it is considered possible to maintain a flightable state if certain conditions are satisfied.

When a flying insect having a flying speed vm enters the movable guide plate 521 that has an inclination θ with respect to the traveling direction DB of the flying insect and moves by vb in the DA direction with φ <0 °, the flying insect The situation follows that the surface of the movable guide plate 521b is 520r. The speed at which the movable guide plate approaches the flying insect is vb × cos θ, and the flying insect tries to move away from the movable guide plate by vm × sin θ. Therefore, when the value of vb × cos θ−vm × sin θ exceeds the representative flying speed (maximum flying speed of the flying insect) vm0, it means that the vehicle has collided with the movable guide plate at the representative flying speed or more.

Here, when α (α ≧ 1) is introduced as a collision allowable coefficient, vb <vm × tan θ + vm0 × α / cos θ is satisfied from vb × cos θ−vm × sin θ <αvm0. This is evaluated as the limit value of the velocity vb of the movable guide plate that can maintain the flightable state even if it collides with the movable guide plate when entering at a flying speed of vm.

When the flying speed is zero, vb <vm0 × α / cos θ. This is the limit value of the velocity vb of the movable guide plate when the movable guide plate collides with a flying insect that is not flying. That is, although it is pushed into the back surface portion 520r of the movable guide plate, it becomes a limit value at which reflection flight is possible even when a flying insect flying slowly than the representative flight speed vm0 contacts the movable guide plate.

Here, since α ≧ 1 and 0 ≦ cos θ ≦ 1, vm × tan θ (free passage limit velocity) <vm0 × α / cos θ (flying reflection limit velocity) <vm × tan θ + vm0 × α / cos θ (partial flight) The relationship of the reflection area limit speed) has been established. The coefficient α may typically be α = 1 in consideration of safety.

Therefore, in order to prevent flying insects from being unable to fly due to a shock due to a collision, the moving speed vb of the movable guide plate is set to vm0 × 1 / cos θ or less, and at least vm × tan θ + vm0 × 1 / cos θ or less. preferable. That is, in any part of the movable guide plate, vb ≦ vm0 × 1 / cos θ (second condition) when the moving speed of that part is vb.
Or vb ≦ vm × tan θ + vm0 × 1 / cos θ (third condition)
It is required to be.

In other words, in the movable guide plate, the outer end portion 520e moves in the direction in which the second surface 520r faces before the inner end portion 520i, and the flying insects move to the first surface 520f or the second surface 520r of the movable guide plate. It is preferable that the movement is controlled so that it can be contacted in a state where it can fly and reflect. That is, the movement of the movable guide plate is controlled so as not to hinder the flying insects that pass through the moving space of the movable plate even if they contact the movable guide plate.

Since the blade of the suction method with a fan has a high moving speed and is outside the above-mentioned conditions, it is impossible to fly once the flying insect collides with the blade, the flying insect itself breaks and the body fluid leaks, causing dirt and unsanitary conditions . In the case of sputum, scales are scattered even if the body is not damaged, and poisonous spiders are particularly dangerous because they are also toxic.

<Induction effect and blocking effect>
In the present invention, in order to capture flying insects, it is first important to guide the flying insects inside the trap, and then the flying insects may be fixed to the adhesive. When the flying insect tries to escape from the inside of the trap, it is the same as the case where the movable moving plate moves in the DA2 direction opposite to the DA direction in FIG.

The position of the movable moving plate may be replaced by moving to the positions t3, t2, and t1 with time. That is, it is understood that when the movable guide plates 521a and 521b move in the DA direction, the inclination angle φ of the virtual surfaces 561a and 561b is larger than the inclination angle θ at rest and converges to 90 ° as the movement speed increases. It will be. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 15, the virtual planes 562a and 562b move with the movement of the movable moving plate, and the flying insects take an action that reflects the trapping space with an inclination close to a frontal collision. The width S215 at which the insect can fly through the moving space of the movable guide plate at the shortest distance is reduced. Therefore, even if no wind is generated, a certain shielding effect is produced, and the flying insect is more difficult to escape.

More specifically, when the flying insect escapes from the inside of the trap at a speed vm, that is, when the speed when the movable guide plate moves in the direction DA2 is vc (≧ 0), the inclination angle φ of the virtual flight path Is
tan φ = tan θ + vc / vm (2)
It becomes.

The expression (2) has a front-back relationship with the expression (1), and vb = vc for the same movable guide plate, so the contribution of the vc / vm to the inclination angle φ is reversed. That is, when the movable guide plate moves from the outside, the inclination of the virtual flight path becomes φ <θ (for example, 561), but when entering the inside of one end and trying to escape, the inclination of the virtual flight path becomes φ > Θ (for example, 562). Therefore, both the guiding effect and the shielding effect can be achieved by moving the movable guiding plate controlled so as to satisfy the above-described conditions.

Here, in order to obtain all blocking conditions in which a flying insect cannot fly without contacting the movable guide plate, the distance between adjacent movable guide plates is d, and the thickness of the moving space of the possible guide plates is w. At this time, the width S 215 that prevents the flying insects from passing straight is w × tan φ, so that when the width exceeds the distance d, the width S 215 is completely blocked. That is, the total cutoff condition is wtanφ ≧ d, and from the expression (2),
vc ≧ (d / w−tan θ) vm = −Δ × vm (3)
(Fourth condition). Here, Δ≡tan θ−d / w.

Further, the case where the flying insects fly at full speed (vm = vm0) is set as the total cutoff limit. When Δ ≧ 0, the outer end portion 520e of the movable guide surface overlaps with the inner end portion 520i of the adjacent movable guide surface in the DB direction. When the speed of the movable guide plate is higher than -Δvm, it is impossible to go straight through the virtual flight path and the entire path is blocked. In the present invention, the total blocking condition is not an absolute condition, and even if the moving speed vb is smaller than the total blocking limit, the flying insect can actually be trapped in the capture space, and can be captured by fixing with an adhesive or the like before escape. .

As described above, the present invention requires that both the induction effect and the blocking effect are compatible. That is, in order to have an effective guiding effect, the flying insect can fly straight and enter through (first condition), or the flying insect is guided inward by the first guiding surface. (Second condition) is required, and in order to achieve an effective blocking effect, the flying insects must fly straight and cannot escape outward (fourth condition). Therefore, a necessary condition for achieving both effective inductive effect and blocking effect is d / w <2 tan θ or d / w <tan θ + 1 / cos θ. This is a necessary condition for achieving both the guidance effect due to the movement of the movable guide plate and the total interruption.

Therefore, the movement of the movable guide plate is controlled so that the outer end portion 520e moves in the direction in which the second surface 520r faces in front of the inner end portion 520i, and is below the free passage limit and above the total cutoff limit. It is preferable.

If the trap body or movable guide plate is made of a permeable material, flying insects can be captured by visual continuity even if the movable guide plate does not satisfy these moving conditions. It is.

<Example of limit values in this embodiment>
The dimensions of the created trap are 25 cm long, 25 cm wide, and 17 cm deep. The movable guide plate is equipped with four blades, and the normal direction of the movable guide plate of each blade is relative to the rotation axis when viewed from the main axis direction of the blade. When the rotation speed of the movable guide plate is 80 rpm, the wind speed in the vicinity of the opening S12 in the external space is 10 cm / s, 14 cm / s when 120 rpm, and 23 cm when 240 rpm. The wind speed is approximately proportional to the rotational speed in this range.

The flying speed of Yabuka is 8k (222cm / s) per hour, and if it is higher than this, it will not be able to fly toward the wind (Kintori homepage http://www.kincho.co.jp/gaichu/ka.html), Kodaka It is 146 cm / s in the flying squid (“Mosquito”, written by Toshiaki Ikesho, University of Tokyo Press p94). Therefore, compared with the flight speed of these mosquitoes, the wind speed formed by the rotation of the movable guide plate according to this embodiment is much smaller.

Furthermore, when the moving speed vb is 250 cm / s and the typical flying speed vm is 222 cm / s, the inclination angle φ of the imaginary plane is about 40 ° even when the maximum rotational speed is 240 rpm. Therefore, the movement is controlled so that the second surface 520b of the movable guide plate does not come into contact with the flying insect while the flying insect flies through the moving space of the movable guide plate from the external space toward the inside of the trap. Will be understood.

In addition, the limit value of the moving speed vb of the movable guide plate for preventing the flight from becoming impossible is θ = 60 °, α = 1, the free passing limit speed is 384 cm / s, and the flight reflection possible limit is 444 cm / s. The flying reflection limit is 828 cm / s, and the moving speed of the movable guide plate of this embodiment is lower than these values. Further, the complete cutoff limit speed is θ = 60 °, L = 1.5 cm (blade width 3 cm), 4 blades (d = 10 cm), or 8 blades (d = 4 cm), 1095 cm / s, 210 cm / s. In the case of four blades, the blades are not completely blocked at a moving speed vb of 250 cm / s. However, it was possible to capture mosquitoes when a plate coated with adhesive was placed inside the trap. Mosquitoes can be captured without adhesive if the full barrier is met.

When the movable guide plate is moved by rotation, for example, it may be a slow rotation of 30 rpm to 240 rpm (0.5 to 4 Hz), and it is safe to put a finger. In other words, if the number of rotations is such that the presence of the blade can be visually confirmed, the effect of promoting and shielding the movable guide plate is exhibited. Since it rotates slowly, the sound is quiet and can be installed at the bedside. The flow of air is slight and difficult to worry about, and almost no air flow is felt on the first movable guide plate side.

<First modified embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 17, the trap of the present invention is a discharge that allows air to escape through a net or the like so as not to disturb the airflow other than the opening 512 of the main body and to prevent the captured flying insects from escaping. The part 540 may be provided.

Since the movable guide plate can guide flying insects to the back of the inside of the trap, it is possible to place the trapping part using an adhesive or the like in the back and prevent the hand from touching the trapping part. The capture unit can be provided on the side surface, bottom surface, ceiling surface, or the like of the inner wall. Since flying insects that have entered the trap are likely to go to the opposite side of the opening, a trap may be arranged on the back surface so that air can escape from the side. You may install the capture part made into linear form, rod form, or lattice form behind a movable guide plate.

The trap body and the movable guide plate may not be transparent when guided by light or an attractant or used in a dark place, but a transparent material is preferred when used in the daytime. In the experiment of this example, the main body was made of polypropylene, and the movable guide plate was made of vinyl chloride.

The movable guide plate 521 in FIG. 17 is obtained by changing the width and the number of blades as compared with FIG. 13, but the above-described guidance / shielding effect is exhibited even if there is a gap. The operating conditions such as the rotational speed are determined according to the size and number of blades.

In order to make it difficult for the captured flying insect to escape from the gap between the movable guide plate 521 and the inner wall surface 513 of the main body 10, a warp 550 is provided. In this case, the internal structure can be made square, and the adhesive sheet can be easily installed.

  Moreover, you may equip the trap body 10 with the member for decelerating the flight speed. This has the effect of lowering the total cut-off limit. If the trap body is made of a transparent material, the member is preferably a transparent material in order to satisfy visual continuity, so that the air flow is not blocked and is difficult to see. For this reason, a transparent thread-like material stretched at intervals of about 5 mm is preferable.

<Second modified embodiment>
FIG. 18 is obtained by adding a second movable guide plate 522 to the trap of the fifth embodiment. A second opening 513 is provided at a position facing the first opening 512, and the second movable plate is attached and moves in the same manner as the first movable guide plate 521. In this embodiment, air is configured to flow in through the first opening 512 and out of the air through the second opening. Specifically, the length of the second movable guide plate 522 is configured to be short so that air flows in the moving region of the second movable guide plate, but the outside (end side) of the second movable guide plate serves as an air escape path. . That is, since the trap of the present invention does not need to actively generate wind by the pressure gradient as already described, the moving speed of the second movable guide plate can be set sufficiently small, and the trap is slightly generated. The air flow from the outside to the outside and the air flow from the outside to the inside can coexist in the second opening.

Moreover, you may make it air escape from the upper surface or side surface of a trap main body. In the conventional fan system, since the amount of air discharged is large, the provision of a plurality of openings through which flying insects enter provides a large influence of the indoor air flow due to the wind generated by the discharged air. Since the discharge is slight, there is little impact. As shown in FIG. 18, when the second opening is provided so that the air discharge passage and the intrusion passage coexist, carbon dioxide and odor particles discharged from a human or the like flow into the second opening through the first opening. By flowing out from the side with the plate, it can diffuse into the room and attract mosquitoes to enter from the first movable guide plate or the second movable guide plate. In order to promote the diffusion of the odorous substance, the inclination of the guide plate of the tip 522b of the second movable guide plate 522 can be reversed at the base, and air can be actively diffused out of the tip. In addition, although the present invention is not intended to generate the wind velocity by the air flow, the air resistance can be further reduced by increasing the continuity of the resulting air flow.

The mode of movement of the movable guide plate is not limited to the rotational movement such as a propeller, and the guide plate may be moved in a linear manner such as an escalator or in a manner that circulates while being translated like a rotary sushi. Further, as a power source for movement, in addition to a rotary actuator such as a motor, a linear actuator such as an artificial muscle, or a functional plastic driven by electricity or the like may be used.

  As trapping targets of the present invention, mosquitoes, moths, abs, buoys and other diptera, moths and other lepidoptera, bees and other membrane moths, leafhoppers, leafhoppers such as leafhoppers, and pods such as ladybirds Insects other than insects, birds and mammals may be used.

The guide plate and the movable guide plate of the present invention are preferably made of a light-transmitting material in order to satisfy visual continuity when used in a bright place. For example, plastic, reinforced plastic, ABS resin, cellophane, celluloid, cellulose ester, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl chloride, polyester, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamide, glass, paper, oil paper, tracing paper, and the like. The guide plate support member preferably has translucency, but a colored translucent material may be used. Moreover, the capture part can capture insects more efficiently by mixing or applying an attractant to the adhesive sheet.

As described above, by using a guide plate or a movable guide plate that satisfies the environmental continuity of the present invention, the flying habits of flying insects can be used efficiently, and the use of chemical agents such as insecticides is unnecessary. It can capture flying insects friendly to the environment. It is not necessary to use ultraviolet rays that are harmful to the eyes, and even if light is used, flying insects can be captured with weak light. Moreover, since a fan that rotates at high speed is unnecessary, it is safe without noise and can be used without disturbing bedtime in a room.

In addition, when the restraint surface and a part of the first guide plate are in full contact, it is possible to keep the amount of change in the mechanical stimulus perceived by the flying insect within a range that does not significantly affect the flying pattern (mechanical continuity). ), Flying insects can be guided to the inside of the trap instead of forcibly sucking them.

When a light source is used as in the fourth embodiment, since a guide plate that satisfies environmental continuity is used, the light is only an assist and may be a weak light, so that it can be used without disturbing bedtime. As an effect of the light source, flying insects can be guided to the back of the capturing unit, and by using a plurality of light sources having directivity, an internal structure by the light source can be realized, and the capture rate can be further improved.

  As in the fifth embodiment, by using a movable guide plate that satisfies the environmental continuity of the airflow, flying insects can be captured quietly, and the airflow caused by exhausting the fan is less likely to be anxious. In addition, attractants such as light and CO2 are not indispensable, and there is no harm caused by glare from light or ultraviolet rays, and there is no worry about lack of oxygen even when used in a closed room. Therefore, there is also an advantage that it can be used at bedtime. In addition, since the movable guide plate moves slowly, there is no risk of injury even if the hand is accidentally inserted, and it is safe and hygienic without being crushed when the flying insect collides with the movable guiding plate. Can be counted and individuals can be confirmed.

Since the movable guide plate moves slowly, there is no need for a protective fence that prevents a hand or the like from entering by mistake, and the protective fence can efficiently capture the flying insect without hindering the invasion of the flying insect. Although it is conceivable to increase the size of the capture part to which the adhesive is applied as a measure for increasing the capture efficiency, replacement of the capture part to which the adhesive is applied becomes troublesome. However, the embodiment using the movable guide plate can capture the flying insects efficiently because the opening can be made wider than the trap. Since air is discharged so as to leak out, a plurality of movable guide plates can be provided, and the number of openings can be increased to efficiently capture flying insects.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a flying insect trap used indoors or outdoors. It can also be used for raising animals such as livestock.

1 is a perspective view of a trap according to Embodiment 1. FIG. (A) is a cross-sectional view of the trap of FIG. 1, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the trap when the trap is provided. 4 is a modified example of the capturing unit in the first embodiment. 5 is a modified example of the first embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of flying insect hopping. (A) It is a figure which shows the case where a trap is installed so that a 1st guide plate may contact | connect a restraint surface, and (b) the trap is installed so that the edge part of a 2nd guide plate may contact | connect a restraint surface. 5 is a modified example of the second guide plate in Example 1. FIG. (A) It is a figure showing the flight mode at the time of colliding with a transparent obstacle diagonally, (b) The flight mode at the time of colliding with a transparent obstacle from the front almost. 10 is a perspective view of Example 3. FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the trap of FIG. 9. It is a perspective view of Example 4 which has a 1st light source. It is a perspective view of Example 4 which has a 2nd light source. (A) It is a perspective view of the trap which concerns on Example 5, (b) It is a side view. It is a conceptual diagram of a stationary virtual surface and a virtual guide path. It is a figure showing the relationship between the direction of movement of a movable guide plate, and a stationary virtual surface. It is a conceptual diagram of a virtual guide surface when a movable guide plate moves at high speed. (A) It is a perspective view of a 1st modified example, (b) It is a side view. (A) It is a perspective view of a 2nd modification Example, (b) It is a side view.

Explanation of symbols

10 …… Capturer 11 …… Inside of the catcher or flight passage CS …… Capture space 20 …… Guiding part 21 …… First guiding plate 22, 23 …… Second guiding plate 21i, 22i, 23i …… The guiding plate Inner end 21a ...... first guide plate base 21b, 21c ... first guide plate tip 22a, 23a ... second guide plate base 22b, 23b ... second guide plate tip 30 ... capture 41 , 42, 43... Guide plate support member 50... Restraining surfaces 61b, 61c... First guide plate ends 62b, 62c, 63b, 63c... Second guide plate ends 71, 72, 73. Obstacle 81 having light transmittance .... first light source 82 ... second light source C10 ... adhesive sheet insertion portion C11 ... hanging member or connecting member C12 ... connecting member S20 ... opening S24 ... first Opening S25 …… Second opening S26 …… Third opening W1 …… First invitation The width W2 of the guide plate: the width W3 of the maximum opening of the third opening S26 formed by the second guide plates 22 and 23. The first opening S24 and the second opening S25 formed by the first guide plate and the second guide plate. Minimum opening width W4 in the first guide plate and the second guide plate formed by the first opening S24 and the maximum width W5 in the second opening S25... Capture portion width n. ... vertical direction 512 ... first opening 513 ... second opening 520 ... movable guide surface 521 ... movable guide plate 522 ... second movable guide plate 530 ... drive part 540 ... discharge part 550 ... On the other hand, 561a, 561b, 562a, 562b, 563a, 563b ... stationary virtual plane DA ... moving direction DB of moving guide plate ... flying insect invasion direction E ... air discharge direction FM ... flying insect 250, 251 ... ... Flying insect path S211 ... Virtual flight path i1 ... Incident directions r1, r2 ... Reflection direction ψ1 ... Inclination angle θ of the second guide plate with respect to the first guide plate… Inclination angle φ of the movable guide plate… Inclination angle θ1 of the stationary virtual plane… Incident angle θ2… Reflection angle d ... Movable guide plate interval L ... Possible guide plate moving space thickness

Claims (5)

A first guide plate;
A second guide plate fixed in position to the first guide plate, asymptotic to the first guide plate as it approaches the predetermined portion;
An internal space defined by the first guide plate and the second guide plate, the internal space having an opening leading to an external space ;
A flying insect capture unit disposed in the vicinity of the predetermined part in the internal space,
At least a part of the first guide plate or the second guide plate has light transmittance,
The first guide plate and the second guide plate have a gap that allows the flying insects to fly through in the vicinity of the predetermined site, and the flying insects contact the capture unit in the vicinity of the predetermined site. A flying insect trap, which is possible. The internal space is a flying path for flying insects, and the predetermined portion is a constricted portion of the flying path, and the flying insects guided in the flying path can fly toward an external space ahead. The flying insect trap according to claim 1. 3. The flying insect trap according to claim 1, wherein the second guide plate has two separate guide plates, and inner end portions of the two guide plates approach each other asymptotically . . The flying insect trap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light source has directivity and the irradiation light is applied to the predetermined part. A body having an internal space,
An opening disposed between the internal space and the external space;
A movable guide plate extending outwardly from the internal space through the opening and defining a first surface on the outer side and a second surface on the inner side ;
A capture unit disposed in the internal space ,
At least a part of the main body and the movable guide plate has light transmittance,
The internal space is defined by the main body and the inner end of the movable guide plate,
The outer end of the movable guide plate moves in the direction in which the second surface faces in front of the inner end,
The flying insect trap , wherein the movement of the movable guide plate is controlled so that the flying insect can contact the flying opening through the opening or in a state where the flying reflection is possible on the first surface or the second surface . .