JP4909067B2 - インスリン/IGF−1受容体のようなAKTを調節する化合物または上流調節因子を同定するための、RHEsod−3プロモーターに基づくスクリーニング分析 - Google Patents
インスリン/IGF−1受容体のようなAKTを調節する化合物または上流調節因子を同定するための、RHEsod−3プロモーターに基づくスクリーニング分析 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)トランスジェニックC.エレガンス(好ましくはL1幼虫)と、適切な条件下で、DAF−2/IR経路、AKT経路、キナーゼのリン酸化、ホスファターゼの脱リン酸化、および/または、分子組成、安定性(すなわち半減期)、亜細胞の配置、または1もしくはそれ以上のFOXO活性を変更する他の活性(例えば酵素)を調節する能力に関して試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物(例えば酵素)とを接触させること(前記トランスジェニックC.エレガンス、好ましくはL1幼虫は、レポーター遺伝子に融合した本発明の核酸分子、または、前記融合分子を含む本発明のベクターを含む);
(b)試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物の存在下で、前記レポーター遺伝子
活性を測定すること;
(c)試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物の非存在下で、場合により、1またはそれ以上の適切な参照化合物の存在下で、前記レポーター遺伝子活性を測定すること;
(d)工程(b)および(c)のレポーター遺伝子活性を比較すること;および、
(d)DAF−2/IR経路、AKT経路の調節化合物、キナーゼのリン酸化、ホスファターゼの脱リン酸化、および/または、分子組成、安定性(すなわち半減期)、亜細胞の配置、または1もしくはそれ以上のFOXO活性を変更する他の活性(例えば酵素)を選択すること。
(a)トランスジェニックC.エレガンスのL1幼虫と、ストレス条件下でDAF−2/IR経路を調節する能力に関して試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物とを接触させること(前記L1幼虫は、レポーター遺伝子に融合した本発明の核酸分子、または、前記融合分子を含む本発明のベクターを含む);
(b)試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物の非存在下および存在下で、場合により1またはそれ以上の適切な参照化合物の存在下で、工程(a)の条件下で耐性幼虫状態になるL1幼虫の量を測定すること;
(c)工程(b)に従って耐性幼虫状態になったL1幼虫の量を比較すること;および、
(d)DAF−2/IR経路の調節化合物を選択すること。
以前に説明された通りに、プロテイナーゼKとフェノール抽出を用いて野生型C.エレガンス(N2)からゲノムDNAを調製した(SulstonおよびHodgkin,1980年)。
sod−3遺伝子の調節配列を単離するために、開始コドンの1266bp上流を、野生型C.エレガンス(N2,Bristol,Caenorhabditis Genetics Center,250 Biological Science Center,ミネソタ大学(University of Minnesota),1445ゴートナーアベニュー,セントポール,ミネソタ州55108−1095,米国)のゲノムDNAから、上流プライマーsod−5U(配列番号2)と、下流プライマーsod−3U(配列番号3)とを用いたポリメラーゼ連鎖反応によって増幅し、3’BamHI制限部位をPCR産物に付加した。用いられたオリゴヌクレオチドプライマーは以下の通りである:
フォワードsod−5U:5’−agttttaaagattttattcatagtcc−3’(配列番号2);
リバースsod−3D:5’−ggatcctttattcactgaaaattagaagatt−3’(配列番号3)。
それに続いて、得られた1266bpのPCR産物の同定を配列解析によって確認した。pPD49.26主鎖に、a)sod−3プロモーターの1098bpのBamHIとHindIIIとのフラグメント、および、b)pPD95.75(NheIおよびKpnIのフランキング制限部位を含む)から増幅した、GFPのPCRフラグメントをクローニングすることによって、GFP発現ベクターをアセンブルした。
得られたsod−3::GFP融合体を含むC.エレガンス発現ベクターを、pMGC2−24と命名した。
daf−2(e1368)動物およびトランスジェニック動物を標準的な手順に従って得た(MelloおよびFire,1995年)。MelloおよびFireの方法とは異なり、プラスミドpMGC2−24を、インジェクションマーカーttx−3::GFPと共に、前記動物の性腺に注入した。3種の独立した系がGFP陽性動物の単離によって単離された。
様々な温度でdaf−2(e1368)動物におけるsod−3::GFPの発現を比較することによって、sod−3プロモーターの調節が実証された。daf−2(e1368)系統は、DAF−2/IRのリガンド結合ドメインにおける温度感受性の突然変異を含み、25℃でDAF−2の不活性化を起こす。許容できる温度(15℃)で4日間L1幼虫を成長させた際、成虫動物の尾、頭部および陰門においてGFPの弱い発現を検出することができた。GFPの全体的な発現は極めて低かった。これは、25℃の制限的な温度でL1幼虫を成長させると、DAF−2の不活性化を伴って劇的に変化した。これらの条件下で、C.エレガンスは、耐性幼虫で停止し、GFP蛍光は、全動物で強くアップレギュレートされた。daf−16遺伝子にさらなる欠失を有するdaf−2(e1368)系では、sod−3::GFPのアップレギュレーションはなくなった。同様に、これらの実験条件下で、正常なDAF−2/IR機能を有する野生型N2の幼虫を25℃で維持すると、耐性幼虫を形成しなかっただけでなく、sod−3発現の増加に応答もしなかった。
それゆえに、sod−3::GFP発現の調節は、25℃でのdaf−2(e1368)系におけるDAF−2/IR経路の不活性化と関連していた。このデータは、DAF−2/IR経路が、転写因子DAF−16を阻害するように作用し、別な方法でsod−3遺伝子の転写を活性化するモデルと一致している。それゆえに、上記レポーターは、DAF−2/IR経路がスイッチオフされると活性化され、DAF−2/IR経路がスイッチオンされると不活性化される。
sod−3::GFPレポーターを含むdaf−2(e1368)動物を、成虫への発達を終えるまで15℃に維持し、続いて、25℃(制限的な温度)で成虫に変化させ、DAF−2/IRを不活性化した。耐性幼虫で観察されるように、制限的な温度に晒された成虫もまた、許容できる温度(15℃)で維持された動物に比べてさらに多くのGFPを示した。比重走査により、GFPの平均が、2.6±1.7(許容できる温度)から、53.5±14.6(制限的な温度)へ増加したことが明らかになった。成虫におけるGFP発現の増加の規模は、25℃で即座に変化して耐性幼虫になるL1で観察される増加の規模と同じオーダーである(平均GFP:87.8±35.3)。この結果により、sod−3プロモーターの調節は、C.エレガンスの発達段階とは無関係であること、および、daf−2/IR遺伝子の不活性化の結果としてsod−3プロモーターのアップレギュレーションがあらゆる時点で誘導され得ることがが示される。その結果として、成虫C.エレガンスを用いたスクリーニングにsod−3C.エレガンス系を用いることができ、従って、化合物が線虫の発達を妨害することを防ぐことができる。加えて、本分析は発達プログラムの完了に無関係であるため、インキュベート時間を短くすることができる。
T. Furuyama, T.Nakazawa, I. Nakano, and N. Mori. Identification of the differential distribution patterns of mRNAs and consensus binding sequences for mouse DAF-16 homologues. Biochem. J. 349 (Pt 2): 629-634,2000.
D. Gems, A. J. Sutton, M. L. Sundermeyer, P. S. Albert, K. V. King, M. L.Edgley, P. L. Larsen, and D. L. Riddle. Two pleiotropic classes of DAF-2 mutation affect larval arrest, adult behavior, reproduction and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 150 (1): 129-155,1998.
S. Gottlieb and G. Ruvkun. DAF-2,DAF-16 and DAF-23: genetically interacting genes controlling Dauer formation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 137 (1): 107-120, 1994.
S. J. Hill, J. G. Baker, and S. Rees. Reporter-gene systems for the study of G-protein- coupled receptors. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 1 (5): 526-532,2001.
Y. Honda and S. Honda. The DAF-2 gene network for longevity regulates oxidative stress resistance and Mn-superoxide dismutase gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans. FASEB J. 13 (11): 1385-1393,1999.
K. H. Kaestner, W.Knochel, and D. E. Martinez. Unified nomenclature for the winged helix/forkhead transcription factors. Genes Dev. 14 (2): 142-146,2000.
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an Organism”(ed. H. F. Epstein and D. C. Shakes), pp 451-482, Methods in Cell Biology, Vol. 48,1995 Academic Press.
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D. L. Riddle, M. M. Swanson, and P. S. Albert. Interacting genes in nematode dauer larva formation. Nature 290 (5808): 668-671,1981.
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J. Sulston and J. Hodgkin in“The Nematode Caenorhabditiselegans”. (ed. W. B. Wood), pp 604-605,1988 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Claims (1)
- DAF−2/IR経路、AKT経路のモジュレーター、キナーゼのリン酸化、ホスファターゼの脱リン酸化、および/または、1またはそれ以上のFOXO活性を変更するその他の酵素活性のモジュレーターを同定する方法であって:
(a)DAF−2/IR経路を不活化した成虫のdaf−2(e1368)系統のトランスジェニックC.エレガンスと、DAF−2/IR経路、AKT経路、キナーゼのリン酸化、ホスファターゼの脱リン酸化、および/または、1またはそれ以上のFOXO活性を変更するその他の酵素活性を調節する能力に関して試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物とを接触させること(該トランスジェニックC.エレガンスは、
(i)プロモーターの核酸配列が、
(1)配列番号1の核酸配列を含む核酸配列;
(2)(1)に記載の核酸配列と90%またはそれ以上の配列同一性を有する、sod−3プロモーター活性を有し、そして少なくとも1つのフォークヘッド型転写因子の結合部位を含む核酸配列;および、
(3)(1)または(2)に記載の核酸配列の、sod−3プロモーター活性を有し、そして少なくとも1つのフォークヘッド型転写因子の結合部位を含むフラグメント、
からなる群より選択される、sod−3プロモーターの生物学的活性を示すプロモーター、
ならびに、
(ii)レポーター遺伝子の活性を付与する核酸配列
を含む核酸分子、を含む);
(b)試験しようとする1またはそれ以上の化合物の非存在下および存在下で、場合により1またはそれ以上の適切な参照化合物の存在下で、レポーター遺伝子活性を測定すること;
(c)工程(b)のレポーター遺伝子活性を比較すること;および、
(d)調節化合物を選択すること、
を含む、上記方法。
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PCT/EP2004/000273 WO2004067773A1 (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2004-01-16 | Screening assay based on rhe sod-3 promotor for the identification of compounds modulating akt or upstream regulators such as insulin/igf-1 receptors |
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