JP4908920B2 - Fire protection structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire prevention structure for preventing the spread of smoke and the spread of fire during a fire, and more particularly to a fire protection structure for an opening formed in a partition that defines a fire prevention section.

When a long body such as a cable, a pipe, or a cable rack is disposed in a partition portion that defines a fire prevention compartment such as a building, an opening may be provided in the partition portion to allow the long body to pass therethrough.
In this case, since a gap is formed between the opening and the elongated body, if a fire or the like occurs in one of the partition portions that define the fire prevention compartment in this state, the other fire prevention compartment is passed through the gap. There is a problem of spreading flames and smoke.
In order to deal with this problem, a partition plate such as a thick plate-like calcium silicate board or rock wool board is disposed in the gap to cover most of the gap, and then the gap between the partition plate and the elongated body is covered. There has been proposed a fire protection structure in which a putty, a filler, and the like are directly packed and fixed (Patent Document 1).
In addition, a fire prevention structure in which a thermally expandable refractory material is disposed in the entire gap between the opening and the elongated body has been proposed (Patent Document 2).
On the other hand, a fireproof sheet made of a laminate of a flame retardant rubber sheet and a metal sheet is disposed so as to be wound around the elongated body, and the gap between the opening and the elongated body is separated by the partition. There has been proposed a fire-protection structure in which the fire-proof sheet is disposed so as to cover from both sides of the portion, and a non-curing heat-resistant sealing material is disposed in the gap between the fire-proof sheets (Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-320724 JP 2002-247735 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-236739

However, in the case of the fire prevention structure using the thick plate-like calcium silicate board, the board must be cut in accordance with the shape of the long body, and the workability is inferior and occurs at the time of cutting. There was a problem of reducing the working environment due to dust and the like.
In the case of a fire-protection structure in which a thermally expandable refractory material is disposed in the entire gap between the opening and the elongated body, a large amount of the thermally expandable refractory material must be prepared. It was difficult to pack a large amount of heat-expandable refractory material uniformly, and there were problems in economic efficiency and workability.
Further, in the case of the fire prevention structure in which the fire protection sheet is arranged so as to be wound around the long body, there is a problem in workability because it takes time and labor for the construction.
In addition, these proposed fire-protection measures have problems in workability at the time of refurbishment such that it is not easy to add the long body in any case.
An object of the present invention is to provide a fire protection structure that is excellent in work environment at the time of installation, workability, and economy, and also excellent in workability at the time of repair.

  As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that a fire prevention structure having a cylindrical body surrounding a long body is an object of the present invention, among fire prevention measures for an opening provided in a partition that defines a fire prevention section. As a result, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention
[1] An opening formed in a partition part that defines a fire prevention section provided in a building;
An elongated body penetrating the opening;
A cylinder surrounding the elongated body;
A structure having
One or both of the partitions, a thermally expandable refractory sheet disposed so as to cover the opening,
A refractory filler disposed in a gap between the elongated body and the cylindrical body;
And have a,
At least one of the cylindrical bodies surrounding the elongated body is arranged inside the opening so that an end surface of the cylindrical body is positioned on a plane substantially the same as at least one surface of the partition part,
The thermally expandable fireproof sheet provides a fire protection structure that covers the opening formed in the partition and the end surface of the cylindrical body and is disposed in contact with the elongated body ,
[2] The thermally expandable fireproof sheet provides the fire protection structure according to [1], which is disposed so as to cover an outer periphery of the cylindrical body and the opening .
[3] The refractory filler is disposed so as to fill a part of the gap between the inside of the cylinder and the elongated body, or the entire gap between the inside of the cylinder and the elongated body. The fire protection structure according to any one of [1] and [2] , which is arranged so as to be buried ,
[4] The above-mentioned fireproof filler is at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat-expandable fire-resistant foam, a heat-expandable fire-resistant sheet, a heat-expandable fire-resistant laminate, a heat-expandable fire-resistant putty, and a heat-resistant sealing material. The fire prevention structure according to any one of [1] to [3] is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fire protection structure that is excellent in work environment property, workability, and economical efficiency when installed, and also excellent in workability at the time of repair.

The fire protection structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the first embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, an opening 2 is formed in a partition 1 that defines fire prevention sections A and B provided in a building, and a long body 3 passes through the opening 2. Yes.
The opening 2 communicates with the adjacent fire prevention sections A and B, and has a size that allows the elongated body 3 and the cylindrical body 4 to be inserted.

Examples of the partition 1 that defines the fire prevention sections A and B include a floor, a wall, a ceiling, and a partition wall of a building.
One or more of these can be used for the partition portion 1 of the present invention.
Examples of the structure of the partition portion 1 include a concrete structure, a lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) structure, a hollow extruded cement plate (ECP) structure, a hollow concrete structure, and a structure in which a support member such as wood or metal is combined with a face material. Etc.
When the partition part 1 is a fire wall made of lightweight cellular concrete board (ALC board) or mortar, the thickness is usually about 100 mm.
As the structure of the partition part 1, one type or two or more types of structures can be used.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the elongated body 3 is surrounded by a cylindrical body 4.
Examples of the long body 3 include various cables such as a power cable and a communication cable, various pipes such as a water pipe, a refrigerant pipe, a heat medium pipe, a gas pipe, and an intake and exhaust pipe, the various cables, Examples include various supports such as cable racks, cable cases, rack covers, and case covers that hold various types of piping.
The long body 3 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The various cables, various pipes, various supports, etc. can be made of resin, metal, etc., and the material is not particularly limited.
The various supports are preferably made of a non-combustible material such as a metal such as steel or aluminum, or an inorganic material such as ceramic.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a main part illustrating a long body used in the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, a power cable 30 and a cable rack 31 are used as long bodies.
The cable rack 31 is provided with a girder 310, and the power cable 30 is installed on the girder 310.
The long body used in the present invention may be a combination of different types such as the power cable 30 and the cable rack 31, and the combination is not limited.

Examples of the cylindrical body 4 include those made of a non-combustible material such as a case made of metal such as steel or aluminum, or a case made of inorganic material such as ceramic.
The said cylinder 4 can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.
Examples of the shape of the cylinder 4 include a cylindrical cross section, a polygonal cylinder such as a square cylinder, and an elliptic cylinder.
Moreover, the said cylindrical body 4 may have the location where the cross-sectional shape is not connected with the part like a U-shape etc., for example.
Moreover, the said cylinder 4 can use what combined two or more components. For example, a part having an open shape such as a U-shaped cross section and a cover that covers the open shape can be used in combination.
The said cylinder can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the cylindrical body 4 is disposed inside the opening 2 such that an end surface thereof is positioned on a substantially same plane as one surface of the partition 1.
Although not particularly illustrated, the cylindrical body 4 is fixed to the opening 2 provided in the partition 1 by fastening means such as a bolt. The same applies to the case described below.

As illustrated in the fire prevention structure shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of power cables 30 penetrate the steel cylinder 4 as the long body 3.
Further, a heat-expandable fireproof sheet 5 is disposed on one side of the partition so as to cover the opening 2.
Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is attached to one surface of the opening 2 and disposed so as to cover the end surface of the cylindrical body 4.
The thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is stuck in contact with the long body 3.
Examples of the method of sticking the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 to these include, for example, a method of using the adhesive property of the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 itself, a method of using an adhesive, and a fastener such as a bolt. For example, a fixing method can be used.
These methods can be performed alone or in combination of two or more.

A fireproof filler 6 is disposed so as to fill a gap between the inside of the cylindrical body 4 and the long body 3.
The plurality of refractory fillers are arranged in close contact with each other in the gap, and the entire gap between the inside of the cylindrical body 4 and the elongated body 3 is filled with the refractory filler 6.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating a cross section of the fire protection structure of the present invention cut along a plane parallel to the partition portion 1 shown in FIG.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is stuck to the outer peripheral portion of the outer side of the power cable 30 which is a long body without any gap.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the second embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, in the second embodiment, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is attached to both surfaces of the opening 2 and covers both end surfaces of the cylindrical body 4. The arrangement is the same as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the third embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 5, the third embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except that two cylindrical bodies 4 are used. As illustrated in FIG. 5, two or more cylindrical bodies 4 can be used.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the fourth embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
In the case of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is attached to the elongated body 3, whereas in the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6. In this case, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is stuck to the outer peripheral portion of the outer side of the cylindrical body 4.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating a cross section of the fire protection structure according to the fourth embodiment cut along a plane parallel to the partition part 1 shown in FIG. 6.
As illustrated in FIG. 7, in the fourth embodiment, a plurality of the refractory fillers 60 </ b> A and 60 </ b> B having different shapes are arranged in the gap between the inside of the cylindrical body 4 and the elongated body 3.
The refractory fillers 60A and 60B have rectangular parallelepiped shapes having different sizes, but these refractory fillers have flexibility, so that the gaps between the inside of the cylindrical body 4 and the elongated body 3 are present. By inserting, all of these gaps can be filled.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the sixth embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
8 is replaced with the plurality of refractory fillers 60A and 60B having different shapes in FIG. 7, and a plurality of sheet-like refractory fillers 60C and 60D are arranged inside the cylindrical body 4 and the elongated body 3. 1 illustrates a fire prevention structure arranged in a gap between the two.
The fireproof structure can be obtained by rolling a plurality of sheet-like fireproof fillers 60C and 60D and inserting them into the gap between the inside of the cylindrical body 4 and the elongated body 3.
In this way, the refractory filler can be arranged so as to fill a part of the gap between the inside of the cylindrical body 4 and the long body 3.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the seventh embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
In FIG. 9, the said heat-expandable fireproof sheet 5 and the said cylinder 4 are arrange | positioned at both of the said partition parts.
The heat-expandable fireproof sheet 5 is disposed so as to cover the outside of the cylindrical body 4 and the opening 2 as in the case of FIG. 6.
As illustrated in FIG. 9, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet 5 is attached to the surface of the opening 2 and is attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 4.
In addition, although the said fireproof filler is arrange | positioned in the clearance gap between the inner side of the said cylinder 4, and the said elongate body 3, this is the same as that of the case of the above-mentioned 1st embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part illustrating the eighth embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 10, the power cable 30 and the cable rack penetrate the opening 2 as long bodies.
Although the cable rack is not shown in FIG. 10 in relation to the cut surface of the fire protection structure, the cable rack described here is exactly the same as the cable rack 300 shown in FIG. is there.
Similar to the case illustrated in FIG. 2, a girder 310 is provided in the cable rack of FIG. 10, and the power cable 30 is installed on the girder 310.
Further, as illustrated in FIG. 10, covers 301 are combined on the top and bottom of the cable rack. The material and the like of the cover 301 are the same as those of the various supports described above.
In the eighth embodiment, the combined portion of the cable rack and the cover 301 is used as a cylinder.
In addition, the said refractory filler 6 can be arrange | positioned to the inside from the clearance gap between the said cable 30 for electric power, the said cover 301, and the said cable rack.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a principal part illustrating a cross section of the eighth embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention cut along a plane parallel to the partition portion 1 shown in FIG.
Instead of the steel cylinder 4 illustrated in FIG. 7, a combined portion of the cover 301 and the cable rack 300 is used as a cylinder.
Further, as illustrated in FIG. 11, a plurality of the refractory fillers 60 </ b> A and 60 </ b> B having different shapes are arranged in the gaps between the power cable 30, the cover 301, and the cable rack 300.
Note that the cylindrical body used in the present invention is not limited to the combination of the cover 301 and the cable rack 300. For example, of the two covers 301 illustrated in FIG. Thus, the girder 310 (see FIG. 2) included in the cable rack can be used as a part of the cylindrical body. In this case, a combined portion of the cover 301, the beam 310, and the cable rack 300 is used as a cylinder.
In FIG. 11, the cover 301 is installed in the vertical direction with respect to the cable rack 300, but the cover 301 may be disposed so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the horizontal direction of the cable rack 300, You may arrange | position so that it may support from the said cable rack 300, and may arrange | position so that it may cover on the said cable rack 300.

Next, the thermally expandable fireproof sheet used in the present invention will be described.
The thermally expandable refractory sheet used in the present invention is made of a thermally expandable refractory material. As such a thermally expandable refractory material, specifically, a resin such as a thermoplastic resin or an epoxy resin can be used. The thing which consists of a resin composition containing a component, a thermally expansible layered inorganic substance, an inorganic filler, etc. can be mentioned.

Among the components of the resin composition, first, the resin component will be described.
Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polypropylene resins, polyethylene resins, poly (1-) butene resins, polyolefin resins such as polypentene resins, polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins, Synthetic resins such as polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, phenol resin, polyurethane resin, polyisobutylene,
Natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, 1,2-polybutadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, multiple addition Examples thereof include rubber materials such as vulcanized rubber, non-vulcanized rubber, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, and urethane rubber.

  These synthetic resins and / or rubber substances can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Among the synthetic resins and / or rubber substances, halogenated ones are preferable in that they are highly flame retardant per se and are crosslinked by heat dehalogenation reaction to improve the strength of the residue after heating. .
Among these synthetic resins and / or rubber substances, those having soft and rubbery properties are preferable. Those having such properties can be highly filled with an inorganic filler, and the resulting resin composition is flexible and easy to handle.
In order to obtain a more flexible and easy-to-handle resin composition, non-vulcanized rubber and polyethylene resin are preferably used.

  Examples of the polyethylene resin include an ethylene homopolymer, a copolymer of ethylene and other α-olefin mainly composed of ethylene, a copolymer of ethylene and a monomer other than α-olefin, and a copolymer thereof. Examples thereof include a polymer and a mixture of polymers.

  Examples of the α-olefin in the ethylene-based copolymer of ethylene and other α-olefin include 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-butene, 1- Examples include pentene.

  Examples of the copolymer of ethylene and a monomer other than α-olefin include an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, and an ethylene-methacrylate copolymer.

  Examples of the ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and another α-olefin include those polymerized using, for example, a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, a vanadium catalyst, a metallocene compound containing a tetravalent transition metal, or the like as a polymerization catalyst. Among them, a polyethylene resin obtained using a metallocene compound containing a tetravalent transition metal as a catalyst is preferable.

  The synthetic resins and / or rubber substance may be further subjected to crosslinking or modification within a range not impairing the fire resistance of the foam heat insulating material in the present invention.

  There are no particular limitations on the timing of crosslinking or modifying the synthetic resins and / or rubber substances, and the synthetic resins and / or rubber substances that have been previously crosslinked and modified may be used. When blending other components such as a filler, crosslinking or modification may be performed simultaneously.

  Moreover, after mix | blending another component with the said synthetic resins and / or rubber substance, you may bridge | crosslink or modify | denature, The said bridge | crosslinking and modification | denaturation may be performed in any step.

  The crosslinking method is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a crosslinking method that is usually performed for the synthetic resins and / or rubber substances. For example, a crosslinking method using various crosslinking agents, peroxides, and the like, and a crosslinking method by electron beam irradiation are included.

  Further, among the resin components used in the present invention, the epoxy resin shown above is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include resins obtained by reacting a monomer having an epoxy group with a curing agent. it can.

  Examples of the monomer having an epoxy group include, as a bifunctional glycidyl ether type, a polyethylene glycol type, a polypropylene glycol type, a neopentyl glycol type, a 1,6-hexanediol type, a trimethylolpropane type, and a propylene oxide-bisphenol A. And monomers such as hydrogenated bisphenol A type, bisphenol A type, and bisphenol F type.

  Examples of the glycidyl ester type include monomers such as hexahydrophthalic anhydride type, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride type, dimer acid type, and p-oxybenzoic acid type.

  Further, examples of the polyfunctional glycidyl ether type include monomers such as phenol novolac type, orthocresol type, DPP novolac type, dicyclopentadiene, and phenol type.

  These can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.

Examples of the curing agent include a polyaddition type curing agent and a catalyst type curing agent.
Examples of the polyaddition type curing agent include polyamines, acid anhydrides, polyphenols, polymercaptans, and the like.
Examples of the catalyst-type curing agent include tertiary amines, imidazoles, and Lewis acid complexes.
The method for curing these epoxy resins is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a known method.

  In addition, what adjusted the melt viscosity of the said resin component, a softness | flexibility, adhesiveness, etc. can use what blended 2 or more types of resin components.

Next, among the components of the resin composition, the thermally expandable layered inorganic material will be described.
The heat-expandable layered inorganic material expands when heated, but the heat-expandable layered inorganic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include vermiculite, kaolin, mica, and heat-expandable graphite.
The thermally expandable graphite is a conventionally known substance, and powders such as natural scaly graphite, pyrolytic graphite, quiche graphite, etc., inorganic acid such as concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, selenic acid, concentrated nitric acid, perchloric acid, A graphite intercalation compound is produced by treatment with a strong oxidant such as perchlorate, permanganate, dichromate, dichromate, hydrogen peroxide, etc., maintaining the layered structure of carbon It is a kind of crystalline compound as it is.

  The heat-expandable graphite obtained by acid treatment as described above is preferably further neutralized with ammonia, an aliphatic lower amine, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, or the like.

  Examples of the aliphatic lower amine include monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, and butylamine.

  Examples of the alkali metal compound and the alkaline earth metal compound include hydroxides such as potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, and magnesium, oxides, carbonates, sulfates, and organic acid salts.

The thermal expandable graphite preferably has a particle size in the range of 20 to 200 mesh.
When the particle size is smaller than 20 mesh, the degree of expansion of graphite is small, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient fireproof heat insulating layer. When the particle size is larger than 200 mesh, there is an advantage that the degree of expansion of graphite is large. When kneading with a resin or an epoxy resin, the dispersibility is deteriorated, and the physical properties are easily lowered.

  Examples of commercially available neutralized thermally expandable graphite include “GRAFGUARD # 160”, “GRAFGUARD # 220” manufactured by UCAR CARBON, and “GREP-EG” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation.

Next, the said inorganic filler is demonstrated among each component of the previous resin composition.
The inorganic filler is not particularly limited. For example, silica, diatomaceous earth, alumina, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, ferrites, calcium hydroxide, hydroxide Magnesium, aluminum hydroxide, basic magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, barium carbonate, dosonite, hydrotalcite, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, gypsum fiber, potassium silicate and other potassium salts, talc, clay, Mica, montmorillonite, bentonite, activated clay, ceviolite, imogolite, sericite, glass fiber, glass beads, silica-based balun, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, carbon black, graphite, carbon fiber, carbon bal , Charcoal powder, various metal powders, potassium titanate, magnesium sulfate, lead zirconate titanate, aluminum borate, molybdenum sulfide, silicon carbide, stainless steel fiber, zinc borate, various magnetic powders, slag fiber, fly ash, inorganic phosphorus Compound, silica alumina fiber, alumina fiber, silica fiber, zirconia fiber and the like can be mentioned.
The said inorganic filler can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.

The said inorganic filler plays the role of an aggregate and contributes to the improvement of the expansion | swelling heat insulation layer produced | generated after a heating, and the increase in a heat capacity.
For this reason, a calcium carbonate, a metal carbonate represented by zinc carbonate, an aluminum hydroxide that gives an endothermic effect during heating in addition to an aggregate role, and a water-containing inorganic material represented by magnesium hydroxide are preferred. An earth metal and a metal carbonate of the periodic table IIb or a mixture of these with the water-containing inorganic substance are preferable.

Moreover, a phosphorus compound is used in order to improve a flame retardance.
The phosphorus compound is not particularly limited. For example, red phosphorus; various phosphate esters such as triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, xylenyl diphenyl phosphate; sodium phosphate And metal phosphates such as potassium phosphate and magnesium phosphate; ammonium polyphosphates; compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1;
These phosphorus compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Among these, from the viewpoint of fire resistance, red phosphorus, a compound represented by the following chemical formula, and ammonium polyphosphates are preferable, and ammonium polyphosphates are more preferable in terms of performance, safety, cost, and the like.

上記化学式中、Ｒ_l及びＲ₃は、水素、炭素数１〜１６の直鎖状若しくは分岐状のアルキル基、又は、炭素数６〜１６のアリール基を表す。

In the above chemical formula, R ₁ and R ₃ represent hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms.

R ₂ is a hydroxyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, or carbon. The aryloxy group of Formula 6-16 is represented.

  Examples of the compound represented by the chemical formula include methylphosphonic acid, dimethyl methylphosphonate, diethyl methylphosphonate, ethylphosphonic acid, propylphosphonic acid, butylphosphonic acid, 2-methylpropylphosphonic acid, t-butylphosphonic acid, 2, 3-dimethyl-butylphosphonic acid, octylphosphonic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, dioctylphenylphosphonate, dimethylphosphinic acid, methylethylphosphinic acid, methylpropylphosphinic acid, diethylphosphinic acid, dioctylphosphinic acid, phenylphosphinic acid, diethylphenylphosphinic acid , Diphenylphosphinic acid, bis (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphinic acid and the like.

  Among them, t-butylphosphonic acid is preferable in terms of high flame retardancy although it is expensive.

  The ammonium polyphosphates are not particularly limited, and examples include ammonium polyphosphate and melamine-modified ammonium polyphosphate. Ammonium polyphosphate is preferred from the viewpoint of flame retardancy, safety, cost, and handleability. Used.

  Examples of commercially available products include “trade name: EXOLIT AP422” and “trade name: EXOLIT AP462” manufactured by Clariant.

It is considered that the phosphorus compound reacts with metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate and zinc carbonate to promote the expansion of the metal carbonate. In particular, when ammonium polyphosphate is used as the phosphorus compound, a high expansion effect is obtained. can get.
It also acts as an effective aggregate and forms a highly shape-retaining residue after combustion.

When the inorganic filler used in the present invention is granular, the particle size is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 200 μm, more preferably in the range of 1 to 50 μm.
When the amount of the inorganic filler added is small, the dispersibility greatly affects the performance, so that a small particle size is preferable. However, if the particle size is less than 0.5 μm, secondary aggregation occurs and the dispersibility may deteriorate. is there.

  In addition, when the amount of inorganic filler added is large, the viscosity of the resin composition increases and moldability decreases as high filling proceeds, but the viscosity of the resin composition is decreased by increasing the particle size. From the point of being able to do, the thing with a large particle size is preferable among the said range.

  In addition, when a particle size exceeds 200 micrometers, the surface property of a molded object and the mechanical physical property of a resin composition may fall.

Among the above inorganic fillers, metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate and zinc carbonate that play an aggregate role in particular; water-containing inorganic substances such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide that give an endothermic effect when heated in addition to the role as an aggregate Is preferred.
It is considered that the combined use of the hydrated inorganic substance and the metal carbonate greatly contributes to improving the strength of the combustion residue and increasing the heat capacity.

  Among the inorganic fillers, in particular, water-containing inorganic substances such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are endothermic due to the water generated by the dehydration reaction during heating, and the temperature rise is reduced and high heat resistance is obtained. This is preferable in that the oxide remains as a combustion residue and this acts as an aggregate to improve the strength of the combustion residue.

  Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide have different temperature ranges that exhibit dehydration effects, so when used together, the temperature range that exhibits dehydration effects becomes wider, and more effective temperature rise suppression effects can be obtained. It is preferable to do.

  When the particle size of the water-containing inorganic substance is small, the bulk increases and it becomes difficult to achieve high filling. Therefore, in order to increase the dehydration effect, a large particle size is preferable.

  Specifically, it is known that when the particle size is 18 μm, the filling limit amount is improved by about 1.5 times compared to the particle size of 1.5 μm.

  Further, by combining a large particle size and a small particle size, higher packing can be achieved.

As a commercial item of the said water-containing inorganic substance, for example, as aluminum hydroxide, “trade name: Hygielite H-42M” (manufactured by Showa Denko) with a particle diameter of 1 μm, “trade name: Hygilite H-31 with a particle diameter of 18 μm”. (Made by Showa Denko KK) and the like.
Examples of commercially available calcium carbonate include “trade name: Whiten SB red” (manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 1.8 μm, and “trade name: BF300” (manufactured by Bihoku Flourishing Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 8 μm. Etc.

  As explained at the beginning, as the thermally expandable refractory material used in the present invention, the resin composition containing the resin component such as the thermoplastic resin and epoxy resin described above, the thermally expandable layered inorganic material, the inorganic filler, etc. Although what consists of a thing etc. can be mentioned, Next, these compounding is demonstrated.

The resin composition contains 20 to 350 parts by weight of the thermally expandable layered inorganic substance and 50 to 400 parts by weight of the inorganic filler with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component such as the thermoplastic resin or epoxy resin. Those are preferred.
The total of the thermally expandable layered inorganic material and the inorganic filler is preferably in the range of 200 to 600 parts by weight.

  Such a resin composition expands by heating to form a refractory heat insulating layer. According to this composition, the foam insulation is expanded by heating such as a fire, and a necessary volume expansion coefficient can be obtained, and after expansion, a residue having a predetermined heat insulation performance and a predetermined strength can be formed. And stable fireproof performance can be achieved.

If the amount of the layered inorganic material is less than 20 parts by weight, the expansion ratio may be insufficient, and sufficient fire resistance and fire prevention performance may not be obtained.
On the other hand, if the amount of the layered inorganic substance exceeds 350 parts by weight, the strength as a molded product may not be obtained because the pseudo-collecting force is insufficient.
Further, if the amount of the inorganic filler is less than 50 parts by weight, the remaining volume after combustion decreases, so that a sufficient refractory heat insulating layer may not be obtained.
Furthermore, since the ratio of combustible material increases, flame retardancy may decrease.

  On the other hand, when the amount of the inorganic filler exceeds 400 parts by weight, the blending ratio of the resin component decreases, so that the cohesive force is insufficient and it is difficult to obtain strength as a molded product.

  If the total amount of the thermally expandable layered inorganic substance and the inorganic filler in the resin composition is less than 200 parts by weight, the amount of residue after combustion is insufficient and it is difficult to obtain sufficient fire resistance. Deterioration of physical properties may increase and it may become unusable.

  Furthermore, the resin composition used in the present invention is within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention, as required, in addition to antioxidants such as phenol-based, amine-based, sulfur-based, metal harm-preventing agents, charging agents. Additives such as inhibitors, stabilizers, crosslinking agents, lubricants, softeners, pigments, tackifying resins, and tackifiers such as polybutenes and petroleum resins can be included.

Next, the manufacturing method of the said resin composition is demonstrated.
The method for producing the resin composition is not particularly limited. For example, when the resin component contained in the resin composition is a thermoplastic resin, each component of the resin composition is added to an extruder, a Banbury mixer, a kneader. A method of supplying to a known kneading apparatus such as a mixer and melt-kneading, suspending each component of the resin composition in an organic solvent, heating and melting it into a paint, or dispersing in a solvent The resin composition can be obtained by a method such as preparing a slurry.

  Further, when the resin component contained in the resin composition is the epoxy resin, for example, a method of suspending the resin composition in an organic solvent or heating and melting it to form a paint Alternatively, the resin composition can be obtained by a method such as preparing a slurry by dispersing in a solvent, or a method of melting the resin composition under heating.

   The resin composition can be obtained by kneading the above components using a known apparatus such as a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, a Banbury mixer, a kneader mixer, a kneading roll, a reiki machine, and a planetary stirrer. it can.

Further, it is also possible to knead the filler separately into the monomer having an epoxy group and the curing agent and knead with a static mixer, a dynamic mixer or the like immediately before molding.
By the method demonstrated above, the said heat-expandable refractory material used for this invention can be obtained.

Next, a method for producing the heat-expandable fireproof sheet used in the present invention will be described.
The thermally expandable fireproof sheet can be obtained using the resin composition described above.
For example, when the resin component contained in the resin composition is the thermoplastic resin, the resin composition is molded into a sheet by a conventionally known molding method such as press molding, extrusion molding, or calendar molding. Or the said heat-expandable fireproof sheet can be obtained by adjusting the said resin composition to coating-like form and apply | coating to a metal base material etc.

  Moreover, when the resin component contained in the resin composition is the epoxy resin, after making each component of the resin composition into a paint form, for example, by applying it to a metal substrate or the like, followed by heat curing, A heat-expandable fireproof sheet can be obtained.

  For example, when the epoxy resin kneaded material is formed into a sheet by press molding, roll molding, coater molding, or the like, the epoxy resin is impregnated with a net or mat made of a non-combustible fiber material. Thereafter, a method of curing the epoxy resin can be mentioned.

  The method for curing the epoxy resin is not particularly limited, and can be performed by one or a combination of two or more known methods such as heating with a press or roll, heating with a heating furnace, or the like.

  By the method demonstrated above, the said thermally expansible fireproof sheet used for this invention can be obtained.

  The heat-expandable fireproof sheet is available as a commercial product. For example, a fire barrier manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited (a heat-expandable fireproof sheet made of a resin composition containing chloroprene rubber and vermiculite, expansion ratio: 3 times) , Thermal conductivity: 0.20 kcal / m · h · ° C., Mitsuji Metal Paint Co., Ltd., medium-cut (thermally expandable fireproof sheet made of a resin composition containing polyurethane resin and thermally expandable graphite, expansion coefficient: 4 times Thermal conductivity: 0.21 kcal / m · h · ° C., thermal expansion fireproof sheet such as Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Fiblock (thermal expansion fireproof sheet containing butyl rubber), and the like. Moreover, you may use the sheet | seat obtained by apply | coating or shaping | molding a conventionally well-known fireproof paint.

The heat-expandable fireproof sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is thermally insulated from the expanded layer when exposed to a high temperature such as a fire, and has the strength of the expanded layer, but heating conditions of 50 kW / m ² It is preferable if the volume expansion coefficient after heating for 30 minutes is 3 to 50 times. If the volume expansion rate is less than 3 times, the expansion volume may not be able to fully fill the burned-out portion of the resin component, and fireproof performance may be reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 times, the strength of the expansion layer is lowered, and the effect of preventing the penetration of the flame may be lowered. More preferably, the volume expansion coefficient is in the range of 5 to 40 times, and more preferably in the range of 8 to 35 times.

In order for the expansion layer to be self-supporting, the expansion layer needs to have a high strength. As the strength, the sample of the expansion layer is set to 0 using a 0.25 cm ² indenter in a compression tester. It is preferable that the stress at break when measured at a compression speed of 0.1 m / s is 0.05 kgf / cm ² or more. If the stress at break is less than 0.05 kgf / cm ² , the adiabatic expansion layer can no longer stand by itself and the fireproof performance decreases. More preferably, it is 0.1 kgf / cm ² or more.

  The thickness of the thermally expandable fireproof sheet is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 5 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.

Moreover, as said thermally expansible fireproof sheet used for this invention, what is equipped with a metal base material can be used.
Specific examples of the metal substrate include aluminum foil, copper foil, stainless foil, tin foil, lead foil, tin-lead alloy foil, clad foil, lead anti-foil and other metal foils, aluminum thin plate, copper thin plate, stainless steel, and the like. Examples include a thin plate, a tin thin plate, a lead thin plate, a tin-lead alloy thin plate, a clad thin plate, a lead anti-thin plate, and other metal thin plates, an aluminum glass cloth, and a synthetic resin in which metal powder such as aluminum and magnesium is dispersed.
Here, the metal foil refers to one having a thickness in the range of 1 to 500 μm, and the metal thin plate refers to one having a thickness in the range of 500 μm to 3 mm.
The metal foil is preferably made of an aluminum foil.
Although the said synthetic resin is not specifically limited, For example, an alkyd resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, a silicon resin, a fluororesin etc. can be mentioned.
The said metal base material can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.

Next, the refractory filler used in the present invention will be described.
Examples of the refractory filler used in the present invention include one or two or more of a heat-expandable fire-resistant foam, a heat-expandable fire-resistant sheet, a heat-expandable fire-resistant laminate, a heat-expandable fire-resistant putty, and a heat-resistant sealing material. Can be mentioned.
Examples of the thermally expandable refractory foam include a foam containing a thermally expandable layered inorganic material such as the previously described thermally expandable graphite, a foam enclosing a small piece of a thermally expandable refractory material, and the like. .
Examples of the foam include polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, polystyrene foam, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foam.
The said foaming resin can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.
The thermally expandable refractory foam may include the inorganic filler, the phosphorus compound, and the like.

Next, the foam which encloses the small piece of a thermally expansible refractory material is demonstrated.
The small piece of the heat-expandable refractory material used in the present invention means, for example, one having a relatively small shape among the molded bodies made of the heat-expandable refractory material. Specifically, the average particle size is 0. The average particle diameter is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 mm, more preferably in the range of 2 to 4 mm.

Examples of the shape of the small piece of the heat-expandable refractory material include a powder shape, a strip shape, a flake shape, a pellet shape, a flake shape, and a flat plate shape. These shapes do not necessarily need to be uniform, and can contain irregular shapes.
Moreover, the small piece of the said heat-expandable refractory material can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.

  The thermally expandable refractory material pieces used in the present invention are a method of pulverizing a molded product obtained by processing the thermally expandable refractory material into a sheet or molded product, and the thermally expandable refractory material into a sheet or molded product. A method of cutting a molded product obtained by processing into a product, a method of using an end material obtained when processing the thermally expandable refractory material into a sheet or a molded product, a method of pulverizing the end material, etc. It can be obtained by a method of cutting the end material or the like.

These methods can be carried out singly or in combination of two or more.
As the small piece of the heat-expandable refractory material, it is preferable to use a piece that has been subjected to a sizing operation to make the particle diameter uniform.
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively utilize the end material of the thermally expandable refractory material, a molded shape defective product, or the like.

Examples of the foam used in the present invention include a polyurethane foam, a polyethylene foam, a polypropylene foam, a polystyrene foam, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foam as described above.
Since these foams can be easily deformed, they can be easily disposed in the gap between the cylindrical body and the elongated body.
Among them, the polyurethane foam is preferable because it is easy to make an integral molded article after finely cutting off the end material of the polyurethane foam, a molding defect product or the like.
The said foam can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.
The manufacturing method of the said foam is well-known, and there is no limitation in particular in the manufacturing method of the said foam used for this invention.

Next, the foam which contains the small piece of the said heat-expandable refractory material is demonstrated.
Specifically, the foam containing the small pieces of the thermally expandable refractory material is obtained by foam-molding a mixture of the raw material before foaming of the foam and the small pieces of the thermally expandable refractory material, a foam And the like obtained by molding a mixture of the above-mentioned small pieces and the small pieces of the thermally expandable refractory material.

  As the raw material before foaming of the foam, in the case of the polyurethane foam, for example, a two-component polyurethane raw material composed of a component containing water and a hydrophilic polyol compound and a component containing a polyisocyanate compound, aqueous urethane A one-component type polyurethane raw material in which water is allowed to react with a polymer can be exemplified.

  The refractory filler can be obtained by thoroughly mixing these polyurethane raw materials and the like and small pieces of the heat-expandable refractory material, followed by foam molding.

  Further, as the raw material before foaming of the foam, in the case of the polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, polystyrene foam, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foam, etc., for example, raw material resin, foaming agent, crosslinking agent Etc.

  These raw resin, foaming agent, cross-linking agent, and the like and the pieces of the thermally expandable refractory material are stirred with a mixer to obtain a uniform resin composition, and then the resin composition is added using a mold press or the like. By heating under pressure, the foaming agent causes foaming. Thus, the said fireproof filler can be obtained by foam-molding the mixture which consists of these raw material resin etc. and the small piece of the said heat-expandable fireproof material.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a refractory filler obtained by foam-molding a mixture composed of a raw material before foaming of the foam and a piece of the thermally expandable refractory material.
FIG. 12 illustrates a refractory filler in which small pieces 80 of the thermally expandable refractory material are dispersed in a uniform foam 70.

Further, the refractory filler can also be obtained by mixing the small pieces of the foam and the small pieces of the thermally expandable refractory material into a uniform mixture and then molding the mixture with a molding device such as a heating press. Can do.
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a refractory filler obtained by molding a mixture of the foam piece 71 and the thermally expandable refractory piece 80.
FIG. 13 illustrates a refractory filler in which small pieces of foam and small pieces of the thermally expandable refractory material are integrated.

Moreover, you may add the inorganic fiber material containing the inorganic fiber, the said resin component, etc. to the foam which contains the small piece of the said heat-expandable refractory material used for this invention.
In this case, the foam is used as a binder resin for the inorganic fibers.
Specific examples of the inorganic fibers include ceramic fibers such as silica alumina fibers, alumina fibers, silica fibers, and zirconia fibers.
In addition to the inorganic fiber and the resin component, a sinterable inorganic material may be used in combination.
Examples of such a sinterable inorganic material include electrically insulating glass.
There are no particular limitations on the shape of the inorganic fiber, the inorganic fiber containing the resin component, and the like, and a sinterable inorganic material, and small pieces can be used.
These can use 1 type, or 2 or more types.

Next, specific examples of the refractory filler other than the thermally expandable refractory foam will be described.
The thermally expandable fireproof sheet used as the fireproof filler is the same as the previously described thermally expandable fireproof sheet.
Moreover, as said thermally expansible fireproof laminated body used for this invention, the laminated body of the said thermally expansible fireproof sheet and the said foam resin etc. can be mentioned, for example.

Examples of the heat-expandable refractory putty used in the present invention include rubber substances containing a heat-expandable layered inorganic material such as the heat-expandable graphite described above.
Examples of the rubbery material include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, 1,2-polybutadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, and chlorosulfonated. Examples thereof include rubber substances such as polyethylene, acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyvulcanized rubber, non-vulcanized rubber, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, and urethane rubber.
One or two or more rubbery substances can be used.
By kneading these components, a putty-like (viscous) heat-expandable fire-resistant putty can be obtained.
Additives such as fillers and flame retardants can be appropriately used for the thermally expandable refractory putty.

  Moreover, as a heat resistant sealing material used for this invention, the putty etc. which mix | blend a filler, a flame retardant, etc. with the said rubber substances, such as chloroprene rubber, can be mentioned, for example. There is no limitation in particular in this heat-resistant sealing material, What is marketed etc. can be selected suitably, and can be used.

Examples of the shape of the refractory filler used in the present invention include a planar shape such as a sheet, and a solid shape such as a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, a quadrangular column, and a hexagonal column.
Among them, the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped is preferable because it is excellent in workability for disposing the refractory filler in the gap between the through hole and the cable / pipe.
One or two or more shapes of the refractory filler can be employed.

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a fireproof filler packaged by a packaging material 90 such as a cloth, a film, and a sheet.
By using what is packaged with the packaging material as the fireproof filler, a fireproof structure with better design properties can be obtained.
As said cloth, what consists of woven fabrics and nonwoven fabrics, such as cotton, silk, nylon, polyester, a polypropylene, etc. can be mentioned, for example.
As said film, a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polyethylene terephthalate film etc. can be mentioned, for example.
Examples of the sheet include an aluminum foil, an aluminum glass cloth, an inorganic glass cloth, and a ceramic sheet.
One type or two or more types of packaging materials can be used.

  The refractory filler described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The fire protection structure according to the present invention is configured such that the opening provided in the partition that defines the fire prevention section is shielded by the thermally expandable fireproof sheet, and the fireproof is provided between the inner side of the cylindrical body and the elongated body. Because it has a simple configuration that the filler is arranged, it can effectively prevent the spread of fire and the spread of smoke in the event of a fire, etc., but it is a work environment when installing the fire protection structure In addition to being excellent in workability and economy, it is also excellent in workability during renovation.

It is the typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 1st embodiment of the fire protection structure of the present invention. It is the model principal part perspective view which illustrated the elongate body used for this invention. It is the typical principal part sectional drawing which illustrated the section which cut the fire protection measures structure of the present invention in the plane parallel to the partition part shown in Drawing 1. It is the typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 2nd embodiment of the fire protection measures structure of the present invention. It is a typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 3rd embodiment of the fire-protection structure of the present invention. It is a typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 4th embodiment of the fire-protection structure of this invention. It is a typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the section which cut the fire protection measure structure which is the 4th embodiment by the plane parallel to the partition shown in Drawing 6. It is a typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 6th embodiment of the fire-protection structure of this invention. It is a typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 7th embodiment of the fire-protection structure of this invention. It is a typical principal part sectional view which illustrated the 8th embodiment of the fire-protection structure of this invention. It is a typical principal part sectional drawing which illustrated the cross section which cut | disconnected the 8th embodiment of the fire-protection structure of this invention by the plane parallel to the partition part shown by FIG. It is the model perspective view which illustrated the fireproof filler obtained by foam-molding the mixture which consists of the raw material before foaming of a foam, and the small piece of a thermally expansible fireproof material. It is the model perspective view which illustrated the fireproof filler obtained by shape | molding the mixture which consists of a small piece of a foam and a small piece of a thermally expansible fireproof material. It is the model perspective view which illustrated the refractory filler packaged by packaging materials, such as cloth, a film, and a sheet.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Partition part 2 Opening part 3 Long body 30 Electric power cable 31, 300 Cable rack 4 Cylindrical body 5 Thermal expansion fireproof sheet 6, 60A, 60B, 60C, 60D Fireproof filler 70 Foam 71 Small piece 80 of foam Small pieces of inflatable refractory material 90 Packaging material 301 Cover 310 Girder A, B Fire prevention compartment

Claims (4)

An opening formed in a partition part that defines a fire prevention section provided in the building;
An elongated body penetrating the opening;
A cylinder surrounding the elongated body;
A structure having
One or both of the partitions, a thermally expandable refractory sheet disposed so as to cover the opening,
A refractory filler disposed in a gap between the elongated body and the cylindrical body;
And have a,
At least one of the cylindrical bodies surrounding the elongated body is arranged inside the opening so that an end surface of the cylindrical body is positioned on a plane substantially the same as at least one surface of the partition part,
The fire expandable fireproof sheet, wherein the thermally expandable fireproof sheet covers an opening formed in the partition part and an end surface of the cylindrical body, and is disposed in contact with the elongated body . The fire-protective structure according to claim 1, wherein the thermally expandable fireproof sheet is disposed so as to cover an outer periphery of the cylindrical body and the opening . The refractory filler is disposed so as to fill a part of the gap between the inside of the cylinder and the long body, or fills the entire gap between the inside of the cylinder and the long body. The fire-protection structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fire-protection structure is disposed on the surface . The said refractory filler is at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat-expandable fire-resistant foam, a heat-expandable fire-resistant sheet, a heat-expandable fire-resistant putty, and a heat-resistant sealing material . Fire protection structure.

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