JP4906938B2 - Civil engineering block - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a civil engineering block used for a retaining wall, and more particularly to a civil engineering block capable of efficiently performing solar power generation using the civil engineering block used for a retaining wall.

  Conventionally, retaining walls have been widely used to cut soil and fill in order to resist earth pressure and prevent soil collapse. For example, the slopes of mountains, banks, river dikes, etc. facing the road are covered with concrete retaining blocks, and if necessary, the embankment or ground and blocks are fixed with reinforcing materials or anchors. An earth retaining wall structure that prevents landslides and the like is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  On the other hand, as a technique that can effectively use sunlight, a so-called driving form that integrates a so-called solar cell panel for performing photovoltaic power generation has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-31660 JP-A-8-239948

By the way, in order to perform solar power generation, securing a space for installing a solar power generation system is a big problem. In this regard, civil engineering blocks are said to be 6 million m ² per year just for retaining the earth. If this vast civil engineering block is used as a solar power generation installation space, the earth will be discharged due to carbon dioxide emissions, etc. Environmental problems such as global warming are solved and energy problems are also potentially solved.
However, at present, as described in Patent Document 2, the driving form is slightly used as an installation space for solar power generation.
Moreover, in order to use sunlight effectively, it is preferable that sunlight is incident at an angle close to perpendicular to the solar cell panel, for example, the angle of the wall surface of a normal building is 90 degrees, Even in the case of the earth retaining wall, the slope is fairly steep, 60 to 90 degrees, so that the power generation efficiency is poor simply by providing a solar cell panel on the surface of the civil engineering block. Thus, conventionally, it has been limited to planar use on the outdoors or on the roof.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and effectively uses a civil engineering block such as a retaining wall having a vast area as an installation place of the solar power generation system, and the solar power generation system is specified. It is an object to provide a civil engineering block that can be installed at an angle to efficiently generate power.

In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 of the present invention comprises a block main body having a space with an opening, and a solar cell panel.
The solar cell panel has a lower end portion that is fixed near the opening of the space portion, an upper end portion that is inclined and fixed in the space portion, and an inclination angle that is fixed near the lower end portion. A civil engineering block characterized by having a horizontal plane in a range of 5 to 80 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

According to claim 2 of the present invention, the block body is composed of at least an upper member and a lower member,
In the solar cell panel, the vicinity of the lower end is fixed near the opening of the space inside the lower member, and the vicinity of the upper end is fixed in an inclined manner in the space, and the inclination angle ranges from 5 to 80 degrees. The contents of the civil engineering block according to claim 1 are as follows.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the civil engineering block according to the second aspect is characterized in that the upper member is an arc portion and the lower member is a flat plate portion.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the block body includes an upper member, a lower member, and an intermediate member that connects the upper member and the lower member.
The solar cell panel is fixed in the vicinity of the opening of the space inside the lower member near the lower end, and is fixed in the vicinity of the upper end inclined in the space, and the inclination angle ranges from 5 to 80 degrees. The contents of the civil engineering block according to claim 1 are as follows.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the civil engineering block according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is characterized in that the inclination angle is in the range of 20 to 60 degrees.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention includes the civil engineering block according to any one of the second to fifth aspects, wherein a partition wall is suspended from a side end of the lower member.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a convex portion is provided on the outer side of the lower member, and a concave portion that engages with the convex portion is provided on the outer side of the upper member. It contains the block for civil engineering described in Crab.

  The eighth aspect of the present invention includes the civil engineering block according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the solar cell panel can be tilted left and right.

  The civil engineering block of the present invention is tilted and fixed within a range of 5 to 80 degrees in a block body having an opening, so that it efficiently receives sunlight according to the position of the sun in spring, summer, autumn and winter. And efficient power generation is possible.

  Since the civil engineering block of the present invention includes a solar cell panel therein, the solar cell panel is installed at the same time as the retaining wall is constructed with the civil engineering block. As a result, the problem of securing the installation location of the solar cell panel is solved at once, and the troublesome two steps of constructing a block for civil engineering, then assembling the mount and installing the solar cell panel on the block are one step. To save a lot of labor and reduce costs.

  In the civil engineering block of the present invention, since the solar cell panel is provided in the space of the block, it is difficult for wind to enter the back side of the solar cell panel, and there is little risk that the solar cell panel is blown away by strong wind. In addition, since the solar cell panel is provided in the space of the block body, it is possible to reduce complicated construction work at the site by incorporating the solar cell panel in advance in the factory, so that the construction cost can be kept low. . Furthermore, since the solar cell panel is installed in the space part of the block main body, the block main body plays a role of protecting the solar cell panel, and there is little possibility of damaging the solar cell panel during storage or transportation.

  Furthermore, by making the solar panel tiltable to the left and right, the angle of the solar cell panel can be adjusted to an appropriate angle throughout the day according to the position of the sun from morning to evening. The power generation efficiency can be greatly improved.

  If the solar cell panel is composed of at least an upper member and a lower member, and the solar cell panel can be fixed in a space formed between the upper member and the lower member, the solar cell panel can be easily and firmly secured with a simple mechanism. Can be fixed to.

  If the partition wall is provided vertically at the side end of the lower member, it is possible to prevent deformation and collapse of the earth retaining wall due to the earth and sand below the civil engineering block flowing left and right.

  If a convex part is provided on the outer side of the lower member and a concave part that engages with the convex part is provided on the outer side of the upper member, it is easy to align and stack the upper and lower civil engineering blocks, and the workability is improved.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing Embodiment 1 of a civil engineering block according to the present invention. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the civil engineering block AA in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 2B and 2C are side views showing examples in which the inclination angle of the solar cell panel is changed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the fixing means of the solar cell panel, where (a) is a top view and (b) is a BB cross-sectional view. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the fixing means for the solar cell panel, where (a) is a top view and (b) is a CC cross-sectional view. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views showing examples of fixing means attached to the end of the solar cell panel. Fig.6 (a) is a side view which shows Example 2 of the block for civil engineering of this invention, (b), (c) is a side view which shows the example which changed the inclination-angle of the solar cell panel, respectively. Fig.7 (a) is a side view which shows Example 3 of the block for civil engineering of this invention, (b) is the rear view. Fig.8 (a) is a side view which shows Example 4 of the block for civil engineering of this invention, (b) is a side view which shows the example which changed the inclination-angle of the solar cell panel. Fig.9 (a) is a side view which shows Example 5 of the block for civil engineering of this invention, (b) is the front view. FIG. 10 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a construction example using the civil engineering block according to Embodiment 2 (b) of the present invention. FIG. 11: is explanatory sectional drawing which shows the construction example using the block for civil engineering based on Example 3 of this invention. FIG. 12 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a construction example using the civil engineering block according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

The civil engineering block of the present invention comprises a block body having a space with an opening, and a solar cell panel.
The solar cell panel has a lower end portion that is fixed near the opening of the space portion, an upper end portion that is inclined and fixed in the space portion, and an inclination angle that is fixed near the lower end portion. Is a range of 5 to 80 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

  As a preferable aspect of the civil engineering block 1 of the present invention, for example, as shown in Example 1 of FIG. 1, FIG. A block body 2 having an opening 2d and having a space 2a between both members 2X and 2Y, and a solar cell panel 3, the lower end portion of the solar cell panel 3 is located in the space inside the lower member 2Y. The fixing means 4 is fixed in the vicinity of the opening 2d of the portion 2a, and the vicinity of the upper end is inclined and fixed in the space 2a by the fixing means 4. In FIG. 1, 7 is a pin receiving hole for inserting a connection pin for stacking civil engineering blocks.

2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and the solar cell panel 3 is fixed in the vicinity of the opening 2d, and the surface on which the vicinity of the lower end of the panel 3 is fixed is a horizontal plane (in FIG. 2). The inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal surface of the lower member 2Y is about 70 degrees, about 35 degrees in FIG. 2B, and about 10 degrees in FIG.
In the drawing, electrical wiring for connecting to the solar cell panel, holes for electrical wiring, and the like are omitted. The same applies to the following embodiments.

The material of the block body 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of, for example, concrete, ceramic, or high-strength reinforced resin in terms of load resistance, deformation resistance, durability, and the like.
The shape and size of the solar cell panel 3 in the present invention are not particularly limited, but in order to effectively utilize sunlight, it is preferably as large as possible within a range that can be accommodated in the space 2a, and is generally substantially the same as the opening 2d. The shape and size (for example, one side is about 1 to 2 m).
About the kind of solar cell panel 3, if it is a panel which can receive an electromotive force by receiving sunlight, it will not specifically limit.

The fixing means 4 of the solar cell panel 3 is not particularly limited as long as the solar cell panel 3 can be tilted and fixed at an arbitrary position in the space portion 2a. For example, those shown in FIGS. Is done.
The fixing means 4 of FIG. 3 includes a support portion 4a of the solar cell panel 3 and fixing portions 4b extending on both sides on the short side. 4c is a fastening means (bolt in the figure).
The fixing means 4 in FIG. 4 includes a support portion 4a of the solar cell panel 3 and a fixing portion 4b extending on the long side thereof. 4c is a fastening means (bolt in the figure).
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the fixing portion 4b is attached to the frame of the solar cell panel 3. FIG. 5A shows the fixing portion 4b attached to both sides of the long side frame of the solar cell panel 3, and FIG. It is attached to one side of the long side frame. 4c is a fastening means (bolt in the figure).
In addition, although the fixing | fixed part 4b is drawn in the straight plate shape in the figure, as shown, for example in FIG. 2, according to the shape of the place where the solar cell panel 3 in the space part 2a of the block main body 1 is fixed. Or is bent as described later.

  In FIG. 1, the inner side of the upper member 2X is formed in an arc shape. However, as indicated by a broken line, a substantially U-shape may be formed together with the lower member 2Y. (In this case, a substantially trapezoidal space 2a is formed.)

Further, as another preferred embodiment of the civil engineering block 1 of the present invention, as shown in Example 2 of FIG. 6, for example, the upper member 2X is composed of an arc portion 2b, and the lower member 2Y is composed of a flat plate portion 2c. The solar cell panel 3 is composed of a block body 2 having a substantially V-shaped space portion 2a and a solar cell panel 3. The solar cell panel 3 has a lower end portion near the opening 2d of the space portion 2a inside the flat plate portion 2c. While being fixed by the attaching means 4, the vicinity of the upper end is fixed in the space 2 a by the fixing means 4.
Hereinafter, although it demonstrates in detail based on this Example 2, unless otherwise indicated, these are applied also to the said Example 1. FIG.

In the present embodiment, the block main body 2 has a space 2a having an opening 2d on the surface side of the block main body, and the solar cell panel 3 is installed at a predetermined inclination angle in the space 2a.
In FIG. 6A, the space 2a is substantially V-shaped with the lower side being the flat plate portion 2c and the upper side being the arc portion 2b, and the vicinity of the lower end portion of the solar cell panel 3 is the opening 2d inside the flat plate portion 2c. The fixing means 4 tilts and fixes the vicinity and the vicinity of the upper end near the opening 2d inside the arc portion 2b. Further, in FIG. 6B, the vicinity of the upper end portion of the solar cell panel 3 is tilted and fixed to the substantially central portion of the arc portion 2b. Further, in FIG. 6C, the vicinity of the upper end portion of the solar cell panel 3 is the flat plate portion 2c. Inclined and fixed so that it touches.
By using the upper member 2X as the arc portion 2b, as described above, there is an advantage that the upper member 2X can be fixed at any position of the arc portion 2b of the space portion 2a.

The position where the solar cell panel 3 is fixed can be arbitrarily determined in the space 2a. However, the solar panel 3 can be received more efficiently in accordance with the position of the sun in the spring, summer, autumn and winter or throughout the four seasons. It is preferable to tilt and fix at a position where power can be generated.
The solar cell panel 3 has the highest power generation efficiency when sunlight is incident on the solar cell panel 3 perpendicularly. However, since the height of the sun varies from season to season, the solar height varies from season to season. It is preferable to change the angle of the solar cell panel 3 in accordance with the angle, but it is particularly preferable that the angle is such that sunlight can be received efficiently throughout the year throughout the seasons.

For example, since the sun position is the highest in summer, it is preferable to make the inclination angle θ of the solar cell panel the smallest. In winter, the sun position is the lowest, so the inclination angle θ of the solar cell panel is the largest. In the spring and autumn, the position of the sun is approximately halfway between the summer and winter, and therefore, the tilt angle θ is preferably approximately halfway between the summer and winter.
Therefore, the inclination angle θ of the solar cell panel is 5 to 80 degrees, preferably about 5 to 30 degrees for summer, about 50 to 80 degrees for winter, and about 20 to 60 degrees for spring and autumn. . In addition, about 20 to 60 degrees is preferable and 30 to 50 degrees is more preferable in that sunlight can be received efficiently throughout the year throughout the year.
In FIG. 6, the inclination angle θ of the solar cell panel is about 60 degrees in (a), which is suitable mainly for winter use, and in (b), it is about 40 degrees, suitable for spring use, fall use, or all year round. In (c), about 10 degrees is suitable mainly for summer.

  In the present invention, as shown in Example 3 in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the partition wall 2g can be suspended from the side end of the flat plate portion 2c. If the civil engineering block 1 provided with the partition wall 2g is used, the earth and sand that is about to flow to the left and right below the civil engineering block 1 due to the weight of the civil engineering block 1 can be blocked by the partition wall 2g. It can prevent deformation and collapse of the retaining wall due to the outflow of earth and sand. Further, by changing the shape of the partition wall 2g, the angle of the opening 2d can be adjusted according to the latitude of the site.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a convex portion 2e is provided outside the flat plate portion 2c near the opening 2d, and a concave portion 2f that engages with the convex portion 2e is formed outside the arc portion 2b near the opening 2d. It can also be provided. If such a convex part 2e and the recessed part 2f are provided, by connecting the convex part 2e of the upper civil engineering block 1 to the concave part 2f of the lower civil engineering block 1, the civil engineering blocks 1 can be connected to each other. Not only will it be solid, but it will also be easier to align and stack civil engineering blocks, improving workability.

  Moreover, although not shown in figure, like the side wall 2Z of FIG. 1, the side part of the space part 2a can also be covered with a windbreak wall, and thereby, a cross wind enters into the back side of the solar cell panel 3, and the said solar cell panel 3 becomes Troubles such as being blown away can be prevented. In this case, it is not necessary to provide a windbreak wall for all the civil engineering blocks 1 and it is effective to provide them only on both sides of the entire retaining wall, but preferably several to ten or more civil engineering blocks 1 are provided. It is preferable to provide it. This windbreak wall may be provided integrally with the civil engineering block 1, and when a retaining wall is constructed using the civil engineering block of the present invention, an appropriate plate-like object is provided between adjacent civil engineering blocks. It may be interposed.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the pin receiving hole which inserts the connection pin for connecting the civil engineering block 1 which adjoins up and down or right and left is provided in an end surface, and the bolt for bolting a connection board Holes or holes for electrical wiring can be provided. Further, as will be described later, after the civil engineering block 1 according to the present invention is disposed on the rear surface of the block body 2, it is coupled to the reinforcing member 6 so as to withstand earth pressure and maintain the retaining wall without deformation. A connecting bracket 2h may be embedded. Here, the reinforcing material 6 refers to a belt-like or planar material formed of a synthetic resin such as polyester, aramid fiber, vinyl chloride, PP, PE, or a metal, or a layer thickness control material having a drainage function.

  Moreover, as shown in Example 4 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a rectangular shape is formed of an approximately U-shape including an upper member 2X, a lower member 2Y, and an intermediate member 2W connecting the two members. The block body 2 having a space 2a and a solar cell panel 3 are fixed to the solar cell panel 3 by attachment means 4 in the vicinity of the opening 2d of the space 2a inside the lower member 2Y. In addition, the structure in which the vicinity of the upper end portion is fixed to the inner back portion of the space portion 2a by the fixing means 4 may be employed. In FIG. 8A, the inclination angle θ of the solar cell panel 3 is about 80 degrees, and in FIG. 8B, it is about 60 degrees. In addition, in order to reduce the blockage of sunlight and increase the utilization efficiency, the inner side of the upper member 2X of the civil engineering block 1 is tapered so as to be inclined toward the intermediate member 2W. In some cases, the taper portion may be omitted.

Moreover, the civil engineering block of the present invention can be tilted left and right. By comprising in this way, the solar cell panel 3 can be inclined right and left according to the movement of the sun from morning to evening, and sunlight can be received efficiently throughout the day. The left and right inclination angles are preferably about 5 to 30 degrees. The means for attaching in a tiltable manner is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a shaft and a bearing, a telescopic arm, and the like.
9 (a) and 9 (b), in the civil engineering block 1 shown in FIG. 8 (a), the upper member 2X and the lower member 2Y are lengthened, and the vicinity of the lower end portion of the solar cell panel 3 is used. Is attached to the lower member 2Y slightly closer to the inner side than the opening 2d, and the vicinity of the upper end of the panel 3 is pivotally attached to the upper member 2X slightly closer to the opening 2d, so that the solar cell panel 3 can be tilted left and right. Has been. By mounting in this way, the panel 3 can be accommodated in the block body 2 even if the solar cell panel 3 is tilted left and right. In FIG. 9, the solar cell panel 3 is attached so as to be tiltable left and right by a fixing means 4 including a shaft and a bearing.

  Next, based on FIG. 10, the construction example 1 which forms the earth retaining wall using the block 1 for civil engineering of Example 2 shown in FIG.6 (b) is demonstrated.

  First, as a foundation work, after excavating the ground that is the target of the site, chestnuts and the like are laid here, and concrete is placed in a mold of a predetermined size to form a concrete base (not shown). Subsequently, the root stone block 5 is arranged and fixed on the concrete base.

  Next, the reinforcing material 6 is attached to the connecting bracket 2h provided at the lower portion of the root stone block 5 (L shape in the figure) having an L shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, or the like. After that, the earth and sand are spread to the position of the first two-dot chain line in FIG. 10 and the front end portion is inclined at a predetermined inclination angle (about 11 ° in the case of this construction example). It is hardened by etc.

  Next, the first-stage civil engineering block 1 is placed on the slope portion, and sand or the like is filled between the slope and the civil engineering block 1 as necessary, and then a connecting pin having a predetermined length (see FIG. 1). ) Or a connecting plate (not shown), the upper end surface of the root stone block 5 and the lower end surface of the civil engineering block 1 are joined. Thereafter, one end of the reinforcing member 6 is fixed to the connecting bracket 2h in the same manner as described above, and the earth and sand are spread again on the reinforcing member 6 up to the position of the two-dot chain line in the second step, The earth and sand are pressed and hardened.

  In the second-stage civil engineering block 1, the civil engineering block 1 is placed on the slope and connected to the lower civil engineering block 1, and the reinforcing member 6 is fixed to the connecting bracket 2 h in the same manner as described above. The earth and sand are spread and hardened up to the position of the two-dot chain line, and the construction of the retaining wall with a predetermined height is completed by repeating the same operation for the third and subsequent civil engineering blocks.

Next, FIG. 11 shows a construction example 2 in which a retaining wall is constructed using the civil engineering block 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. The construction method of the retaining wall is the same as that in the first construction example.
Since the civil engineering block 1 is provided with a partition wall 2g, the outflow of earth and sand is blocked by the partition wall 2g, and a beautiful retaining wall is maintained without being deformed over a long period of time.

Next, FIG. 12 shows a construction example 3 in which a retaining wall is constructed using the civil engineering block 1 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. The construction method of the retaining wall is the same as the construction examples 1 and 2.
This civil engineering block 1 not only can use sunlight efficiently throughout the four seasons, it can not only increase power generation efficiency, but also the solar panel 3 can adjust the tilt angle to the left and right, so that the sunlight from morning to evening It can be adjusted according to the movement of the sun, and it can receive sunlight efficiently all day and generate power efficiently.

  The civil engineering block for earth retaining has been described above as an example, but the civil engineering block of the present invention is not limited to the earth retaining block, but a wall for forming a bridge pier, a reservoir or a dam, various constructions. It includes blocks used for the outer walls of structures and structures.

Since the civil engineering block of the present invention includes a solar battery panel, since the solar battery panel is installed at the same time that the retaining wall is constructed with the civil engineering block, the civil engineering block occupying a vast area is installed in the solar battery panel installation location. Can be used effectively as Therefore, environmental problems such as global warming and energy problems are solved at once.
Moreover, since the said solar cell panel is installed in the inclination angle at 5-80 degree | times within the block main body, sunlight can be utilized most efficiently according to the season from which the height of the sun differs. In particular, by installing at an inclination angle of 20 to 60 degrees, more preferably 30 to 50 degrees, sunlight can be used efficiently through the four seasons, and power generation efficiency can be increased.
Furthermore, by making the solar cell panel tiltable to the left and right, light can be received efficiently according to the movement of the sun during the day from morning to evening, and its usefulness is extremely large.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Civil engineering block 2 Block body 2X Upper member 2Y Lower member 2Z Side wall 2W Intermediate member 2a Space part 2b Arc part 2c Flat plate part 2d Opening part 2e Convex part 2f Concave part 2g Partition wall 2h Connection bracket 3 Solar cell panel 4 Fixing means 4a Support Part 4b Fixing part 4c Fastening means (bolt)
5 Root stone block 6 Reinforcement material 7 Pin receiving hole

Claims (8)

Consisting of a block body having a space with an opening, and a solar cell panel,
The solar cell panel has a lower end portion that is fixed near the opening of the space portion, an upper end portion that is inclined and fixed in the space portion, and an inclination angle that is fixed near the lower end portion. A civil engineering block characterized by having a horizontal plane in a range of 5 to 80 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. The block body consists of at least an upper member and a lower member,
In the solar cell panel, the vicinity of the lower end is fixed near the opening of the space inside the lower member, and the vicinity of the upper end is fixed in an inclined manner in the space, and the inclination angle ranges from 5 to 80 degrees. The civil engineering block according to claim 1, wherein:   The civil engineering block according to claim 2, wherein the upper member is an arc portion and the lower member is a flat plate portion. The block body consists of an upper member, a lower member, and an intermediate member connecting the upper member and the lower member,
The solar cell panel is fixed in the vicinity of the opening of the space inside the lower member near the lower end, and is fixed in the vicinity of the upper end inclined in the space, and the inclination angle ranges from 5 to 80 degrees. The civil engineering block according to claim 1, wherein:   The civil engineering block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an inclination angle is in a range of 20 to 60 degrees.   The civil engineering block according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a partition wall is suspended from a side end of the lower member.   The civil engineering block according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein a convex portion is provided outside the lower member, and a concave portion that engages with the convex portion is provided outside the upper member.   The civil engineering block according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the solar cell panel can be tilted left and right.

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