JP4900934B2 - Multi-axis drilling machine and method for correcting hole bending in multi-axis drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-axis drilling machine and a method for drilling using a multi-axis drilling machine while correcting hole bending.

For example, a multi-axis drilling machine is used to create an underground columnar row continuous wall. In a multi-axis drilling machine as well as a single-axis drilling machine, due to properties such as the nature of the ground, the bending of the hole during drilling occurs. When hole bending occurs, the reduction in the drilling accuracy leads to a decrease in, for example, the accuracy of construction of the underground columnar row continuous wall (for example, the lap accuracy when lap construction is performed). Therefore, a mechanism for detecting and correcting the occurrence of hole bending is required.
It is known to mount a hole bending detector such as a gyro for detecting the hole bending.
On the other hand, various methods have been proposed for correcting the hole bending. Patent Document 1 relates to the present invention in that the drilling shaft is moved in the axial direction.
This means that when the tip of a plurality of excavation shafts shifts in the parallel arrangement direction in which a plurality of excavation shafts are arranged side by side during excavation, the excavation shaft located at the side end opposite to the deviation direction is changed to another A plurality of excavating shafts are returned in a direction opposite to the direction of displacement by excavating while being lowered or raised relative to the excavating shaft.
However, in this method, since one excavation shaft is relatively moved, it is naturally expected that a large or quick hole bending correction effect (correction amount per excavation length) cannot be expected.
There are many proposals related to other methods, but there are cases where the method is too large or complicated, and its practicality is questionable.
Japanese Patent No. 3389558

  Therefore, the main problem to be solved by the present invention is to make the effect of correcting the hole bending remarkable.

The present invention that has solved this problem is as follows.
[Invention of Claim 1]
There are at least three excavation shafts arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, and the excavation ground is excavated by rotating each excavation shaft around its axis by a rotary drive mechanism provided in the upper drive unit. An axial drilling machine,
Of the three drilling shafts, each of the first drilling shaft and the second drilling shaft on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower body shaft,
At the lower part of each excavation shaft, a connecting body for connecting the main excavation shaft and the intermediate excavation shaft so as to be substantially parallel is provided,
Each of the first excavation axis and the second excavation axis is connected to the base axis so that the main body axis is axially movable and rotatable by a moving means,
Between the connecting portion and the coupling body, each excavation shaft has a continuous portion that can be bent with respect to at least one regular axial direction in the vertical direction,
When the main shaft of the first excavation shaft is positioned below relative to the main shaft of the second excavation shaft, a portion below each of the connecting portions is integrated with the second connecting body. A multi-axis drilling machine configured to bend toward the excavation shaft side.

(Function and effect)
In the excavating shafts on both sides, the rotational driving force by the rotational driving mechanism provided in the upper driving device is applied to the main body shaft via the base shaft, and excavation is performed. The intermediate shaft has an outer tube and an inner tube, and the rotational driving force by the rotational driving mechanism is directly applied to the inner tube. In this way, each excavation shaft is provided with a rotational drive force by a rotational drive mechanism provided in the upper drive device, that is, according to a so-called top drive system. Compared with the excavation force is strong.
Since the main shaft and the intermediate excavation shaft of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft are held so as to be substantially parallel by the connecting body, the excavation directions are aligned.
However, when the excavation direction deviates from the normal direction (design excavation direction) due to factors such as changes in the properties of the ground, or there is a possibility that a hole bends, there is a possibility that the main shaft of the first excavation shaft is moved by the moving means. Move relative to the main shaft of the second excavation shaft and move it downward (in other words, move the main shaft of the second excavation shaft upward relative to the main shaft of the first excavation shaft) The moving force acts as a force that bends the entire portion below the respective connecting portions to the second excavation shaft side integrally with the connecting body. When excavation is performed in a state where the entire portion below each connecting portion is bent toward the second excavation shaft, excavation is performed while being bent toward the second excavation shaft. Therefore, when a hole is bent on the first excavation shaft side at the beginning, if the above operation is performed, the hole bending from the first excavation shaft side to the second excavation shaft side can be corrected. is there.
Here, since the entire portion below each connecting portion is connected by the connecting body, the main shaft of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft and the entire intermediate excavation shaft bend (change directions). Therefore, it can be easily estimated that the effect of correcting the hole bending is greater than the method of moving one shaft in Patent Document 1 described above. In addition, for example, when a hydraulic cylinder is used as the moving means and this is installed in the lower part of the multi-axis drilling machine and inserted into the ground, a hydraulic system trouble may occur due to contact with the ground. In the present invention, the moving means is provided at the upper part of the multi-axis drilling machine and is not inserted into the ground, so there is no risk of occurrence of such trouble, and stable operation of the equipment becomes possible.
In addition, as a description of the claims in the present invention, the terms “first excavation shaft” and “second excavation shaft” are used as “first” and “second” in order to distinguish both, It should not be equated with the first excavation axis and the second excavation axis in the described embodiment. That is, when the second excavation shaft in the following embodiment is moved downward, the “second excavation shaft” in the embodiment corresponds to the “first excavation shaft” in the claims. is there.

[Invention of Claim 2]
The upper drive device is provided so as to be movable up and down along a reader standing on the ground,
The intermediate excavation shaft has an outer tube and an inner tube, and the inner tube is provided to be rotatable independently of the outer tube by the rotation drive mechanism,
A hydraulic cylinder that swings and rotates the outer tube around its axis is provided between the outer tube and a holding portion that is along and held by the leader.
2. The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the outer tube and the coupling body are configured such that the rocking rotation of the outer tube is transmitted as the rocking rotation of the coupling body.

(Function and effect)
In the multi-axis drilling machine, in addition to hole bending, so-called twisting that is obliquely displaced with respect to the row in the lateral direction occurs, so a mechanism for correcting this is desired.
However, when the hydraulic cylinder is operated, the outer pipe of the intermediate excavation shaft is swung and rotated around the axis center using the holding portion and the leader as reaction force bodies. In this case, the outer tube and the connecting body are configured such that the swinging rotation of the outer tube is transmitted as the swinging rotation of the connecting body. Rotation of the main body shaft about the center of the intermediate excavation shaft eliminates twisting.
Further, the intermediate excavation shaft has an outer tube and an inner tube, and the inner tube is rotatably provided by the rotation drive mechanism independently of the outer tube. It becomes possible to excavate by rotating it by the rotation drive mechanism.

[Invention of Claim 3]
There are at least three excavation shafts arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, and the excavation ground is excavated by rotating each excavation shaft around its axis by a rotary drive mechanism provided in the upper drive unit. An axial drilling machine,
Of the three drilling shafts, each of the first drilling shaft and the second drilling shaft on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower body shaft,
At the lower part of each excavation shaft, a connecting body for connecting the main excavation shaft and the intermediate excavation shaft so as to be substantially parallel is provided,
Each of the first excavation axis and the second excavation axis is connected to the base axis so that the main body axis is axially movable and rotatable by a moving means,
Between the connecting portion and the connecting body, each drilling shaft uses a multi-axis drilling machine having a connecting portion that can be bent in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction;
When the drilling direction bends to the first excavation shaft side with respect to the regular axial direction, the main shaft of the first excavation shaft is positioned relatively lower than the main shaft of the second excavation shaft, A portion below each connecting portion is bent to the second excavation shaft side integrally with the connecting body,
When the drilling direction bends toward the second excavation shaft with respect to the regular axial direction, the main shaft of the second excavation shaft is positioned relatively lower than the main shaft of the first excavation shaft, A portion below each of the connecting portions is bent toward the first excavation shaft integrally with the connecting body,
A drilling correction method using a multi-axis drilling machine, wherein drilling is performed while correcting the bending of the hole.

(Function and effect)
The bend can be corrected in the form described in the first aspect.

[Invention of Claim 4]
The multi-axis drilling machine using a multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 3 , wherein the multi-axis drilling machine is provided with a hole bending detector, and the hole bending is corrected according to the degree of hole bending by the hole bending detector.

(Function and effect)
If a multi-axis drilling machine is provided with a hole bending detector, for example, a gyroscope or an inclinometer, it is possible to correct the hole bending so that the actual degree of hole bending is detected and eliminated.

  In other words, according to the present invention, the excavation force is strong because of the top drive system. The effect of correcting the hole bending is great. This brings advantages such as stable operation of equipment.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
<Device configuration>
The multi-axis drilling machine 1 has, for example, the entire structure shown in FIG. That is, the reader 3 supported and installed in front of the base machine 2 has a structure that is supported by the reader cradle 4 and the backstay 5 of the base machine 2. The leader 3 is provided with a long excavation shaft 6 configured by connecting a plurality of unit excavation pipes in the longitudinal direction so as to be movable in the vertical direction. An upper drive device is provided. The upper drive device is slidable along the reader 3 and is connected to a rotary drive mechanism 7 equipped with each excavation shaft, a power source 7A for rotating the excavation shaft, and a speed reducer 7B. .

  Although a hydraulic motor may be used as the power source 7A, it is generally desirable to use an electric motor. This type of electric motor is not limited to one, and a plurality of electric motors can be used. The power from these electric motors is gathered together by a gear train (not shown), and the rotational speed is reduced by the speed reducer 7B and transmitted to the excavation shaft 6. Further, a swivel (not shown) is mounted on the speed reducer 7B, and by this swivel, drilling liquid, air, solidified liquid from the drilling head via a hollow part (not shown) of the drilling shaft 6 described later. Etc. can be appropriately switched and discharged. In addition, below the leader 3, a steadying device 9 for guiding the excavation shaft 6 and preventing vibration due to the rotation of the excavation shaft 6 is attached.

  2 to 8 are views showing the main body of the excavator when the excavator of FIG. 1 is viewed from the right side, and the excavator has three or five excavation axes. However, the excavation shaft of the embodiment is three excavation shafts, and includes a first excavation shaft 61 and a second excavation shaft 63 located on both sides, and an intermediate excavation shaft 62.

  Each of the first drilling shaft and the second drilling shaft has upper base shafts 61A and 63A and lower body shafts 61B and 63B. The intermediate excavation shaft 62 has an outer tube 62A and an inner tube 63B, and the inner tube 63B is rotatably provided by the rotation drive mechanism 7 independently of the outer tube 62A. The outer tube 62A gives twist to the connecting body 20 described later, and can also be called a casing tube in comparison with the inner tube 63B.

  At the lower part of each excavation shaft, a main body shaft 61B, 63B of the first excavation shaft and the second excavation shaft and a connecting body 20 for connecting the intermediate excavation shafts so as to be substantially parallel are provided.

  On the other hand, in the upper part of each excavation shaft, in order to hold the first excavation shaft 61, the second excavation shaft 63, and the intermediate excavation shaft 62 in parallel, a connection band 10 provided so as to surround is provided.

  As shown clearly in FIG. 4, each of the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63 has a main body shaft 61B, 63B that moves relative to the base shaft 61A, 63A, preferably hydraulic pressure. The cylinder is axially movable and rotatably connected. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, hydraulic cylinders 12A, 12B are straddled between the connecting band 10 and the main body shaft 61B that rotatably hold the base shaft 61A, and the hydraulic cylinders 12C, 12C, 12D is straddled between the connecting band 10 that rotatably holds the base shaft 63A and the main body shaft 63B.

  Specifically, the connection band 10 rotatably holds the base shafts 61A and 63A of the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63 and the outer tube 62A of the intermediate excavation shaft 62.

  Further, between the connecting band 10 and the connecting body 20, each excavation shaft has a connecting portion 30 that can be bent in at least one regular axial direction in the vertical direction. As this example, it can be set as the male-female fitting joint part of the unit excavation pipe of FIG. That is, for example, a clearance of, for example, 1 mm is secured in advance on the mating surfaces of the male joint portion 30A having a hexagonal cross section and the corresponding shoulder portion 31 of the female joint 30B and the connecting pin portion 32. Accordingly, when the lower portion of the connecting portion 30 is displaced as shown in FIG. 7, the displacement is allowed in a form in which a gap S of the step shoulder 31 is generated in the bending direction. Not limited to this example, it may be connected in the axial direction in the other front-rear direction.

  Since the connecting portion 30 is provided in the main body shafts 61B and 63B and the intermediate excavation shaft 62, for example, the main body of the first excavation shaft 61 can be operated by lowering the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B (the stroke is S). When the shaft 61B is positioned relatively below the main body shaft 63B of the second excavation shaft 63, as shown in FIG. The second excavation shaft side 63 is integrally bent. Conversely, when the main body shaft 63B of the second excavation shaft 63 is positioned below the main body shaft 61B of the first excavation shaft 61 by the lowering operation of the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D, A portion below the connecting portions 30, 30, 30 is configured to bend to the first excavation shaft side 61 integrally with the connecting body 20.

  The main shafts 61B and 63B and the inner pipe 62B of the intermediate excavation shaft 62 can be appropriately provided with an excavation bit 64 and a screw blade 65, and a discharge port (not shown) is provided at the tip. A continuous underground wall can be formed by discharging excavation liquid, air, solidified liquid, etc. from the discharge port, creating underground column wall, and lapping these.

  By the way, the following structure is prepared as a mechanism for preventing twisting. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a holding portion 14 that is moved along and held by the reader 3 is provided, and an axial center is provided between the holding portion 14 and the outer tube 62A. Hydraulic cylinders 15L and 15R for swinging and rotating the outer tube 62A are provided around. Therefore, as a result of the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinders 15L and 15R, the outer tube 62A swings and rotates about its axis, so that the swing rotation of the outer tube 62A is transmitted as the swing rotation of the connecting body 20.

  As a result, the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63 held by the connecting body 20 swing and rotate around the axis of the excavation shaft 62.

  The swinging rotation by the hydraulic cylinders 15L and 15R is given only to the outer tube 62A of the excavating shaft 62, and not to the connecting band 10, so the upper portions of the first excavating shaft 61 and the second excavating shaft 63 In No. 1, no twisting occurs, and twisting is generated in the lower part.

<Bend and twist correction>
With reference to FIG. 2, the left and right direction in the paper plane is referred to as “left / right direction” X, and the direction penetrating the paper plane is referred to as “front / back direction”. The plan view of the excavation hole is indicated by a symbol H in FIG. 9 as a trajectory formed by the outer peripheral edge of each excavation bit 64 or the outer peripheral edge of each screw blade 65.

  If the normal excavation hole H is deviated to the left position by “−X” in the left direction as indicated by the phantom line, the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B are lowered in order to correct this to the normal position. Actuating (stroke S), the main shaft 61B of the first excavation shaft 61 is positioned below the main shaft 63B of the second excavation shaft 63. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, as a result of the portions below each of the connecting portions 30, 30, 30 being held by the connecting body 20, the angle to the second excavation shaft side 63 integrally with the connecting body 20 Turn α minutes. When excavation is advanced in this state, the excavation direction is changed to the right, and when the amount of change reaches “−X”, the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B are raised and the bending correction is completed.

  When the position is shifted to the right direction (+ X direction), the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D may be lowered and corrected in the same manner.

  In this case, for example, the bending state and the amount thereof are provided on any or all of the excavation shafts 61, 62, 63, and in the embodiment, the intermediate excavation shaft 62 is provided with a bend detector 40 such as an inclinometer or a gyro, The line may be led out through the inner tube 62B of the excavation shaft 62 and the speed reducer 7B. Although it is not possible to change the angle α at a stroke in accordance with the amount of bending by the bending detector 40, it can be gradually changed over time. Further, with the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B and the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D as the reference position in the middle of their strokes, correction operations such as lowering the hydraulic cylinders 12A and 12B and raising the hydraulic cylinders 12C and 12D are possible. . Further, if the reference position of each hydraulic cylinder is set to the maximum extended state, the bending correction is performed by the operation of contracting one of the hydraulic cylinders. For the above reasons, in the present invention, the claims are described with respect to the “relative position” between the main shaft of the first excavation shaft and the main shaft of the second excavation shaft.

  Here, the excavation shafts 61 and 63 are provided with stroke detectors such as a differential detector that abut on the clearance S of the step shoulder 31 in FIG. 8, and the detected clearance S amount is below the excavation shafts 61 and 63. Therefore, it can be used as the bend detector 40.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the row direction of the regular digging holes H is twisted as indicated by the phantom line, for example, when twisted by an angle “+ β”, the right hydraulic cylinder 15R is extended. The outer tube 62A is rotated around the axis of the excavating shaft 62 by “−β”. As a result, the lower portion of the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63 held by the connecting body 20 may be rotated around the axis of the excavation shaft 62 by “−β” to correct the bending. A specific method for correcting the bending due to the twist can be appropriately selected as in the case of the deviation.

<Other matters>
The rotation directions of the first excavation shaft 61, the inner pipe 62B of the intermediate excavation shaft 62, and the second excavation shaft 63 can be selected as appropriate depending on the configuration of the gear train by the rotation drive mechanism 7, but from the viewpoint of the accuracy of drilling, etc. As shown in FIG. 10, it is desirable to select from two types in plan view.
As mentioned above, as the excavation progresses, unit excavation pipes are sequentially added and connected in the longitudinal direction. In this case, if necessary, an auxiliary connection band can be provided between the connection band 10 and the connection body 20 in order to increase rigidity. The auxiliary connecting band in this case needs to allow the excavation shaft to move in the axial direction. Further, the sub-connector 21 can be provided below the connector 20.
Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63 further outward from the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63 on both sides of the intermediate excavation shaft 62. The other first excavation shaft 61S and the second excavation shaft 63S having substantially the same configuration can be provided to form five excavation shafts. In this case, the lower part of each excavation shaft is provided with a connecting body that connects them, and each excavation shaft is rotated by the rotation drive mechanism 7. Further, the moving means may be provided on each of the first excavation shaft 61, the second excavation shaft 63, the first excavation shaft 61S, and the second excavation shaft 63S, but the first excavation shaft 61S and the second excavation shaft 63S are also provided. If the moving means is provided, it is necessary to secure such a space in the upper part, and there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated. Therefore, the moving means is provided only on the first excavation shaft 61 and the second excavation shaft 63. Is a good idea. Even with such a structure, the excavation shafts are integrally moved by the connecting body at the lower portion, so that the bending can be corrected.

It is a side view of a multi-axis drilling machine. It is a front view of the excavator main body of a multi-axis drilling machine. It is a principal part front view of FIG. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a half sectional plan view of FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the example of a connection part. It is a front view of the bending state of an excavator main body. It is explanatory drawing of the bending of a digging hole. It is explanatory drawing of the twist of a digging hole. It is explanatory drawing of the example of the rotation direction of each excavation axis. It is a schematic diagram of five excavation axes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Multi-axis drilling machine, 2 ... Base machine, 3 ... Leader, 6 ... Excavation shaft, 7A ... Power source, 7B ... Reduction gear, 7 ... Rotation drive mechanism, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D ... Hydraulic cylinder, 15L , 15R ... hydraulic cylinder, 20 ... connector, 30 ... continuous connecting portion, 61 ... first excavation shaft, 62 ... intermediate excavation shaft, 63 ... second excavation shaft, 61A, 63A ... base shaft, 61B, 63B ... main body Shaft, H ... drilling hole.

Claims (4)

There are at least three excavation shafts arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, and the excavation ground is excavated by rotating each excavation shaft around its axis by a rotary drive mechanism provided in the upper drive unit. An axial drilling machine,
Of the three drilling shafts, each of the first drilling shaft and the second drilling shaft on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower body shaft,
At the lower part of each excavation shaft, a connecting body for connecting the main excavation shaft and the intermediate excavation shaft so as to be substantially parallel is provided,
Each of the first excavation axis and the second excavation axis is connected to the base axis so that the main body axis is axially movable and rotatable by a moving means,
Between the connecting portion and the coupling body, each excavation shaft has a continuous portion that can be bent with respect to at least one regular axial direction in the vertical direction,
When the main shaft of the first excavation shaft is positioned below relative to the main shaft of the second excavation shaft, a portion below each of the connecting portions is integrated with the second connecting body. A multi-axis drilling machine configured to bend toward the excavation shaft side. The upper drive device is provided so as to be movable up and down along a reader erected on the ground,
The intermediate excavation shaft has an outer tube and an inner tube, and the inner tube is provided to be rotatable independently of the outer tube by the rotation drive mechanism,
A hydraulic cylinder that swings and rotates the outer tube around its axis is provided between the outer tube and a holding portion that is along and held by the leader.
2. The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the outer tube and the coupling body are configured such that the rocking rotation of the outer tube is transmitted as the rocking rotation of the coupling body. There are at least three excavation shafts arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, and the excavation ground is excavated by rotating each excavation shaft around its axis by a rotary drive mechanism provided in the upper drive unit. An axial drilling machine,
Of the three drilling shafts, each of the first drilling shaft and the second drilling shaft on both sides has an upper base shaft and a lower body shaft,
At the lower part of each excavation shaft, a connecting body for connecting the main excavation shaft and the intermediate excavation shaft so as to be substantially parallel is provided,
Each of the first excavation axis and the second excavation axis is connected to the base axis so that the main body axis is axially movable and rotatable by a moving means,
Between the connecting portion and the connecting body, each drilling shaft uses a multi-axis drilling machine having a connecting portion that can be bent in the vertical direction with respect to at least one regular axial direction;
When the drilling direction bends to the first excavation shaft side with respect to the regular axial direction, the main shaft of the first excavation shaft is positioned relatively lower than the main shaft of the second excavation shaft, A portion below each connecting portion is bent to the second excavation shaft side integrally with the connecting body,
When the drilling direction bends toward the second excavation shaft with respect to the regular axial direction, the main shaft of the second excavation shaft is positioned relatively lower than the main shaft of the first excavation shaft, A portion below each of the connecting portions is bent toward the first excavation shaft integrally with the connecting body,
A hole bending correction drilling method in a multi-axis drilling machine, wherein hole drilling is performed while correcting the hole bending. 4. The method of correcting a hole bending in a multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 3 , wherein a hole bending detector is provided in the multi-axis drilling machine, and the hole bending is corrected according to the degree of hole bending by the hole bending detector.

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