JP4894135B2 - Degreasing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention according boundary between grain and head spikes, or given grain the shock to bending load in the vicinity site de TsubuSo location to shatter the ear portion of the culms.

  Conventionally, threshing methods for rice and the like have caused grains to be shattered by applying a force in the so-called slimming direction on the head side from the culm root side. As a general and widespread configuration, the degranulation apparatus is a feed chain in which a handling cylinder having teeth treated on the outer periphery is provided on the interior of the handling chamber and is arranged along the handling opening. There is known an apparatus configured to thresh in the process of inserting and transferring the tip portion of the cereal with the stock root sandwiched between them into a handling chamber while being conveyed.

  And as another degranulation method, for example, according to the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-120222 (see Patent Document 1) published as an open patent publication, A method is disclosed in which pellets made of metal, resin, or the like are ejected and collided so that they can be recovered and circulated to the head.

  Furthermore, as another threshing device, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-4653 (see Patent Document 2) includes a pair of upper and lower threshing belts that sandwich the tip grain part of the harvested cereal meal from above and below, and the speed difference between both belts. An apparatus for threshing using a slab is shown.

And, the former threshing method, as will be understood from FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, shows a method of threshing the pellet by spraying and colliding the pellets from the head side with respect to the grain of the tip, and the latter threshing device Is configured to separate the grain from the cereal by using the speed difference of the threshing belt sandwiching the head from above and below, and repeating the twisting force in the forward direction and the twisting force in the reverse direction. It is described together with the drawings.
JP-A-1-120222 JP 2000-4653 A

  First, the barrel-type threshing device in which the above-described tooth handling, which has been widely spread and used most commonly, is conventionally used in the process of sandwiching the base portion with feed chain and transporting it. Since the tooth-handling acts in the slimming direction (longitudinal direction from the stock source side to the tip side) against the part, it pulls and shatters, so there are many occurrences of spikes and shavings, and grains with branches However, there is a problem in that the horsepower consumption increases and the out-of-machine loss due to selection increases, and the removal rate is high.

  Moreover, since the pelletization method shown in patent document 1 has a high rate of the pellet formed with a metal etc. being vigorously injected and colliding with a grain, there is much generation | occurrence | production of a damaged grain and the subject which is hard to provide for practical use. There is a method that has not yet been commercialized.

  In addition, the threshing device shown in Patent Document 2 is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower threshing belts and presses the groin portion of the cereal while using the difference in speed between the cereals. However, there are many problems with broken rice.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.
The invention described in claim 1 is directed to a net (3a) formed from a linear member (2) that gives a shocking bending load to a granulated part of a grain in a head part of a grain cocoon or a vicinity thereof. A pair of left and right wheels (18a, 18b) that rotate at high speed has a structure in which the head of the cereal is sandwiched from both the left and right sides and collided to shed the grain, and the net (3a) is viewed in plan view. It has a collision surface (1a) formed in an arc shape, and is a threshing device configured such that the grains that collide with the collision surface (1a) and shed are directed to the center point of the arc of the collision surface (1a). is there.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the propulsion plate (12) provided on the side of the net (3a) is fired with the pair of left and right propulsion wheels (13a, 13b) sandwiched from the left and right sides, thereby supporting rails (8). ) is obtained by a shedding device according to claim 1 which has a structure for shedding cereal grains are fired in a direction approaching to collide with each other to slidably supported by the network (3a) and culms in .

The invention described in claim 1 is directed to a net (3a) formed from a linear member (2) that gives a shocking bending load to a granulated part of a grain in a head part of a grain cocoon or a vicinity thereof. Since the pair of left and right wheels (18a, 18b) that rotate at high speeds is to strike and collide the cedar spike from both the left and right sides, it is possible to move the cereal spike with a small mass with a small force. It is possible and the horsepower consumption can be reduced. And when the ear part side of the cereal is fired at a high speed, the ear part with less air resistance moves ahead of the leaf part that receives a large amount of air resistance. Since it collides with (3a) and a bending stress is generated to be made into a single grain, it is easy to shed and less contaminated with debris such as leaves.
Moreover, since the net (3a) has the collision surface (1a) formed in a circular arc shape in plan view, it is possible to widen the collision surface that collides with the connection part of the head, A collision surface with an area that can cover the entire head can be made, and the degranulation efficiency can be increased.
Moreover, when the head part of the cereals collides with the inner surface of the arc of the net (3a), the grains scattered to the front side after threshing fly in a direction to gather toward the center point (P) of the arc shape, It is possible to prevent the particles from being scattered and to easily collect the grains.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the propulsion plate (12) provided on the net (3a) side is fired with the pair of left and right propulsion wheels (13a, 13b) sandwiched from the left and right sides, thereby supporting rail (8). The slidable supported net (3a) and the cereal are released in a direction to approach each other and collide with each other, so that the effect of the invention according to claim 1 is achieved. On the other hand, the movement speed of both is combined at the time of collision, and a large impact is generated, and a bending load necessary for degranulation can be generated with a small horsepower consumption, and an effective degranulation action can be expected.

The present invention relates to a threshing method in which a grain is shattered by generating a bending load shockingly at the root part of each grain of the head part of the grain cocoon, that is, at a boundary part between the grain and the branch branch or in the vicinity thereof. It is.
Furthermore, the reference example of this invention makes a bending load to the boundary part of a grain and a branch raft by making the degranulated body 1 collide with the boundary part of a grain and a branch branch from the direction which cross | intersects with respect to a slimming direction. It is a degranulating device that generates and degranulates the head.

Hereinafter, reference examples and examples according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
First, as shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the degranulated body 1 is a collision surface 1 a made up of a net 3 a having a rectangular flat surface obtained by knitting a linear member 2 vertically or horizontally, or FIG. The surface which collides with a grain is made into the structure made into the collision surface 1a formed in the uneven | corrugated board 3b like the Example shown in (b). And the degranulated body 1 is comprised by attaching the lower side to the front part of the support apparatus 5 with the lower attachment frame 4, as shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5. In this embodiment, the collision surface 1a is held in a substantially vertical state. As shown in the drawing, the impact surface 1a of the granulated body 1 connects the mounting support rods 6 and 6 extending upward and forward from the rear sides of the support device 5 on both the left and right sides of the upper and lower intermediate positions of the rear surface. To support the structure.

  As shown in the drawing, the support device 5 is a frame formed between the lower mounting frame 4 at the front part and the left and right mounting support rods 6 and 6 at the rear part. The sliding guide tube 9 is provided so that it can be freely slid forward and backward by being fitted to a support rail 8 provided at the central position of the machine base 7 to be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the support device 5 is provided with guide holes 10, 10 at the lower portions of the left and right mounting support rods 6, 6, and the left and right guide rails 11, 11 of the machine base 7 are provided. The structure is such that it is guided through sliding freely. In this case, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the support device 5 is supported by inserting the slide guide tube 9 at the center position through the support rail 8, and the guide holes 10, 10 on both the left and right sides are guide rails 11. , 11 and supported and guided so as to slide on the machine base 7 in the longitudinal direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the propulsion plate 12 is provided on the lower surface of the central position of the support device 5 so as to protrude downward and extend in the front-rear direction so as to receive a propulsive force from both sides. It is formed and is configured to receive a propulsive force by being crimped to a propulsion device 13 described later.

  The degranulated body 1 configured as described above is configured to stand vertically as shown in FIG. 1, but as shown in FIG. 7, the collision surface 1 a retreats the upper part with respect to the traveling direction. It is possible to have a configuration with an angle. Thus, if it comprises the front-back inclination, the collision surface 1a can collide appropriately with respect to the grain candy which is hold | maintained in the inclined shape, without being vertical, and can be degranulated.

  As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the degranulated body 1 is also effective in an embodiment in which the surface that collides with the grain, that is, the collision surface 1 a is formed in an arc shape in a plan view. In this embodiment, as shown in the operation diagram of FIG. 9, when colliding with the inner surface of the arc, the grains scattered to the front side after threshing fly in a direction to gather toward the center point P of the arc shape, As in the case, it can be prevented from scattering over a wide area, and the recovery of the grains becomes easy. Therefore, the degranulation apparatus is characterized in that it can be configured as a small apparatus having a narrow lateral width based on the principle of the embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the degranulated body 1 is configured such that the collision surface 1 a has an angle α on the traveling side with the virtual vertical axis A as a reference. In this embodiment, as shown in the operation diagram of FIG. 11, at the moment when the collision surface 1a collides with the grain, a rotational force is applied to the grain for the angle α, and the branching is twisted and the bending action is exerted. Doubled to promote threshing. Therefore, the degranulated body 1 according to the embodiment has a feature that the degranulation rate is greatly improved, so that the collision speed can be reduced as much as possible, and the horsepower consumed by the degranulation apparatus can be reduced.

  And if the degranulation body 1 forms the front-end | tip part (collision edge) of the linear member 2 in the shape of a sharp blade like the Example shown in FIG. 12, when it collides with the granulation part of an ear | edge part, only a bending load will be carried out. In addition, since the connection portion between the grain and the branch branch can be cut, a sufficient threshing effect can be obtained even when the collision speed is low.

Next, the machine base 7 will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the machine base 7 is configured as a long base that supports the degranulated body 1 freely in the longitudinal direction and has a moving space of a certain distance. As shown in the drawings and as described above, the machine base 7 has a support rail 8 placed at a central position along the longitudinal direction, and the guide rail 11 is maintained on both the left and right sides with the support rail 8 interposed therebetween. , 11 are arranged and provided so as to support the degranulated body 1 so as to be movable while sliding.

  The propulsion device 13 is provided with a pair of left and right propulsion wheels 13a and 13b formed in a circular shape like a tire with a flexible rubber material at one end of the machine base 7, and the propulsion plate 12 is disposed on both the left and right sides. Therefore, the granulated body 1 can be powerfully fired in the center direction of the machine base 7 with being pressed between the two. The propulsion wheels 13a and 13b are driven by an electric motor 15 built in a box 14 supported from below as shown in the drawing.

  And as shown in the drawing, the support frame 16 is disposed outside the machine base 7 and supports the cereal grains with the heads upside down and supports the grain parts 1 through the heads. It is configured to be able to hang down on the passage.

  The degranulation apparatus configured as described above is a pair of left and right propulsion wheels when driven by turning on the switch of the electric motor 15 in a state where the cereals are suspended and supported on the support frame 16 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). 13a and 13b are driven with the propulsion plate 12 sandwiched from both sides. Then, the degranulated body 1 is launched at a high speed to the front side by the propulsive force received by the propulsion plate 12 from the propulsion device 13, moves on the three rails 8, 11, 11, and moves to the front pan (grain). collide.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the ear part of the cereal buds is separated by receiving a bending load when the linear member 2 of the degranulated body 1 collides with a connection portion between each grain and branch branch and receives a single grain. It becomes. In this way, the threshing action of the head of the cereal cocoon is carried out without generating cuttings and swarf.

  FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 show the experimental results when the degranulated body 1 is collided with the grain head. In this experiment, as shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the degranulated body 1 is constituted by a collision surface 1 a made up of a net 3 a having a rectangular flat surface obtained by knitting a linear member 2 vertically and horizontally.

  The experimental results shown in FIG. 17 show the relationship between the mesh size of the net 3a having a rectangular flat surface obtained by knitting the linear member 2 vertically and horizontally and the degranulation rate. Moreover, the wire diameter of the linear member 2 is 2.0 mm. In addition, the shedding rate when the aluminum plate is simply collided is also shown.

  From this result, it was found that the degranulation rate is clearly higher when the linear member 2 is collided than when the aluminum plate is simply collided. Moreover, the result that the degranulation rate became high in the vicinity of 12 mm and 25 mm among the same linear members 2 was obtained.

The experimental results in FIG. 18 show the relationship between the moving speed of the linear member 2 and the degranulation rate. As conditions at this time, the wire diameter of the linear member 2 is 2.0 mm, and the scale is 12 mm.
From this result, as the moving speed (collision speed) of the linear member 2 increased, the result that the grain removal rate improved was obtained.

  From these experimental results, the linear member 2 was made to collide with the cereal, and the grain was formed by shockingly applying a bending load to the boundary part between the grain and the branch branch in the ear part of the cereal or the vicinity thereof. It has been found that a graining method for graining is effective.

Next, the head shooter 18 and its operation will be described.
First, the head shooter 18 has a configuration similar to the propulsion device 13 described above, and, like the pair of left and right propulsion wheels 13a and 13b, as shown in FIG. 14, a pair of left and right circles configured like rubber tires. With the shaped ring bodies 18a and 18b, the head part can be launched toward the degranulated body 1 while rotating at high speed with the grain head part sandwiched from both left and right sides. In this case, the ring bodies 18a and 18b are devised so as not to damage the grain by using a flexible material on the outer peripheral surface. The ring bodies 18a and 18b are configured to be driven at high speed by installing an electric motor 20 in the lower support box 19.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the head shooter 18 configured as described above is driven at high speed when the wheels 18 a and 18 b are driven by the switch operation of the electric motor 20 and the grain head is supplied. Can be made to collide with the collision surface 1a of the granulated body 1. In this way, the new degranulation apparatus can perform the same degranulation action as in the case of moving the degranulated body 1 by moving the light grain spike part at high speed and colliding with the degranulated body 1 fixed in place. Although it is a thing, since the mass is small compared with the degranulated body 1, there exists the characteristic which can achieve the objective with small horsepower. In addition, in this case, the head part with the leaf part receives air resistance during the movement in the air, but the leaf part having a larger area than the grain receives a large air resistance and the flight is delayed, moving around the rear side. However, there is a feature that the preceding grain collides with the collision surface 1a without being obstructed by the leaf portion. For this reason, each grain is bent and shattered by generating a bending load at the connection site with the branch, and has the effect of extremely little foliage.

  When both the head shooter 18 having the above-described configuration and action and the already described degranulated body 1 are moved from both ends toward the center at a high speed, as shown in FIG. Can be degranulated. In this case, the degranulation action is performed by the impact at the time of collision that occurs based on the sum of the speeds of the two, so that the object can be sufficiently achieved even if the actual speed is low. Therefore, the propulsion device 13 and the head shooter 18 are both devices that are sufficiently effective in terms of cost and efficiency, because they can sufficiently achieve their objectives with a small amount of horsepower consumption.

  As described above, each embodiment according to the present invention has an advantage that it can be degranulated with a small force when it is degranulated by applying a bending load to the connection site between the branch rachis and the grain, compared to the conventional degranulation apparatus, It is possible to provide a threshing device that can significantly reduce the power consumption. The embodiment of the present invention is also excellent in that there are few occurrences of spikes and swarf at the time of threshing, the number of branch shoot adhering grains is reduced, and external loss can be greatly reduced.

  And, as described in the embodiment of the present invention, in the configuration in which the head part side collides at high speed against the stationary granulated body 1, it is possible to move the grain head part having a small mass with a small force. However, there is a feature that the purpose can be achieved with a small consumption horsepower. In addition, in the case of this embodiment, since the attached leaf part receives air resistance, the movement is delayed, and the grain precedes and collides without being disturbed by the leaf part. The same effect as the example can be expected.

  And since the Example which moves both the degranulated body 1 and the grain panicle part toward the center, and collides at the intermediate position of both is carried out at the time of a collision, it is degranulated with the impact by the sum total of both speeds, Even if it is slow, there is an advantage that the collision speed becomes large and the collision can be strong, and it is an excellent one that can expect a more effective degranulation action than the actual movement speed.

  And since the Example which concerns on these invention makes the degranulated body 1 collide from the direction which cross | intersects with respect to the connection part of a grain spike part, a collision impact works from the side on the connection part of a grain and branch branch. By applying a bending load, single granulation is promoted, and effective grain removal can be achieved.

  And in the case of an Example, the granular material 1 is the embodiment which formed the collision surface 1a in the net | network 3a (refer FIG. 4), or implementation of the board 3b formed in uneven | corrugated (refer FIG. 6 (a) (b)). It is possible to select the two modes and to widen the threshing surface 1a that collides with the connection part of the head part, and can secure a sufficient threshing area that can correspond to the whole head part. It is something that enhances the nature. Further, in the configuration other than the embodiment of the degranulated body 1, any configuration may be used as long as degranulation is possible. Further, the material of each embodiment of the degranulated body 1 may be anything such as resinous or metallic.

  And the colliding surface 1a of an uneven | corrugated shaped board can collect only the front side, without the grain after threshing splashing back, unlike a net surface.

Side view of degreasing equipment Top view of degranulation equipment Rear view of degreasing equipment Rear view of degranulated body Side view of degranulated body (A), (b) Slope view of the collision surface Side view of modified embodiment Plan view of a modified embodiment Working plan view of the modified embodiment Plan view of a modified embodiment Working plan view of the modified embodiment Plan view of the modified embodiment of the impact surface Side view of action during threshing Side view of the Hote Shooter Side view of above [Fig. 14] Side view of action when threshing by combining threshing device and ear shooter The figure which shows the relationship between the scale of a linear member, and a degranulation rate The figure which shows the relationship between the moving speed (collision speed) of a linear member, and the degranulation rate

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Granulated body 1a Colliding surface 2 Linear member 3a Net 4 Lower mounting frame 5 Support device 6 Mounting support rod 7 Machine base 8 Support rail 9 Sliding guide tube 10 Guide hole 11 Guide rail 12 Propulsion plate 13 Propulsion device 13a Propulsion wheel 13b Propulsion wheel 14 Box 15 Electric motor 16 Support frame 18 Ear shooter 18a Ring body 18b Ring body 19 Support box 20 Electric motor

Claims (2)

A pair of left and right rings that rotate at high speed toward the net (3a) formed from the linear member (2) that gives a shocking bending load to the grain granulation part or its vicinity in the ear part of the grain pod ( 18a, 18b) is provided with a structure in which the head of the cereal is sandwiched and fired from both left and right sides to collide and the grain is shattered , and the net (3a) has a collision surface (1a) formed in an arc shape in plan view. ) has, shedding devices where the structure toward the arc center point of the impact surface (grain collision surface that is shedding collides with 1a) (1a). The propulsion plate (12) provided on the side of the net (3a) was fired while being sandwiched from the left and right sides by a pair of left and right propulsion wheels (13a, 13b), and was slidably supported by the support rail (8). The degranulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the grain (3a) and the cereal are fired in a direction approaching each other and collided to shed the grain.

Images