JP4892334B2 - Method for producing calcium silicate plate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a calcium silicate plate, and more particularly to a method for producing a calcium silicate plate in which a colorant can be uniformly dispersed throughout the plate.

  Calcium silicate plates are generally manufactured using a papermaking method and a mold press method. The former is suitable for efficiently producing a relatively thin product, and the latter is suitable for producing a relatively thick product. As a type of papermaking method, raw slurry is continuously supplied in layers on a moving water-permeable belt, and is dehydrated by suction from the bottom surface of the water-permeable belt during movement, wound on a making roll while being dewatered, and has a predetermined thickness. A method is disclosed in which an incision is made into a plate shape, followed by a dehydration press and an autoclave curing (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the case of producing a calcium silicate plate by the mold press method, generally, a mold is formed on a belt having water permeability, a mold is formed, a raw material slurry is injected into the mold, and the slurry is added. There is known a method of performing autoclave curing after pressing, dehydrating the raw slurry from the upper part and lower part of the mold to form a green plate.

  On the other hand, at the time of a fire inside a tunnel structure such as a tunnel for automobiles, the ambient temperature becomes a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more, and particularly the ceiling part is heavily loaded by heat and flame, and the concrete constituting the structure Risk of explosion or fall. Therefore, conventionally, in order to protect the tunnel structure from fire, a fireproof interior material is installed on a part of its inner surface, for example, the ceiling. Several such interior materials using calcium silicate as a raw material have been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

These fireproof interior materials need to have a certain thickness or more in order to satisfy fire resistance, and since they cover the inside of the tunnel, it is desirable that they have a predetermined curved surface.
Also, the interior materials for tunnel fire resistance are required to have the same color as the concrete segments that make up the tunnel. In general, a calcium silicate plate is a white material and has a color different from that of concrete. Therefore, it is necessary to color it with some colorant (for example, carbon black). In addition, since the fireproof interior material made of a calcium silicate plate may be processed at the construction site, it is necessary to color the entire surface including the inside as well as the surface of the plate. .
However, when producing a calcium silicate plate by a mold press method, if a water-insoluble material such as carbon black is used as a colorant, carbon black also moves with water during pressure dehydration in the mold, There is a problem that the entire plate cannot be uniformly colored.

On the other hand, in the production of a calcium silicate plate, there is a problem that air bubbles, delamination and puncture are likely to occur in a product obtained after autoclave curing. Here, delamination refers to a state in which delamination is observed in the form of a layer inside the product and voids are formed, and puncture refers to a state where the peeled portion is further swollen and ruptured. In particular, when an attempt is made to produce a product having a predetermined thickness and a predetermined curved surface, such as the fireproof interior material, delamination and puncture are more likely to occur. When such a defect occurs in the fireproof interior material, the desired performance cannot be satisfied, which is a big problem. Further, when the fireproof interior material is used for the tunnel interior, the surface thereof may be finished by applying an inorganic paint, and thus surface smoothness is also required.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-24821 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-294098 JP 2001-207793 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a calcium silicate plate in which a colorant can be uniformly dispersed throughout the plate even when a calcium silicate plate is produced by a mold press method. Further, a further object of the present invention is that even when a product having a predetermined thickness and a predetermined curved surface is produced by a mold press method, the colorant can be uniformly dispersed throughout the plate. Another object is to provide a method for producing a calcium silicate plate that can suppress defects such as bubbles, delamination and puncture, and is excellent in surface smoothness.

The invention according to claim 1 is a first wet mixing step in which pulp and water are mixed in a pulp disaggregation apparatus and the pulp is defibrated, and then a water-insoluble colorant is added thereto and further mixed.
A second wet mixing step of obtaining a raw material slurry by further mixing the mixture obtained after the first wet mixing step and other raw materials;
A green board forming step of dehydrating the raw slurry by a pressure dehydration method to form a green board having a uniform thickness;
The raw plate possess a curing step of curing performed autoclave curing,
The raw plate forming step includes (1) a step of injecting the raw material slurry into a mold, and (2) pressurizing the raw material slurry in the mold and dehydrating from the upper surface side, thereby producing a raw material having a uniform thickness. It is a manufacturing method of the calcium silicate board characterized by being the process of forming a board.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the step (2), the mold includes a bottom portion having water tightness and a side portion made of a frame material movable in the vertical direction, and the side portion abuts on the bottom portion. 2. The method of manufacturing a calcium silicate plate according to claim 1, wherein the mold is formed and the raw slurry injected into the mold is dehydrated only from the upper surface side .
In the invention according to claim 3, between the raw plate forming step and the curing step, the raw plate obtained in the raw plate forming step is placed on a mold table having a predetermined curved surface, The method for producing a calcium silicate plate according to claim 1, further comprising a step of forming a uniform curved plate .
The invention according to claim 4 is the method for producing a calcium silicate plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water-insoluble colorant is carbon black .

In the production method of the present invention, first, pulp and water are mixed in a pulp disaggregation apparatus (hereinafter abbreviated as “ pulper” ) , the pulp is defibrated to form a slurry, and then a water-insoluble colorant is added. Further mixing is performed to obtain a slurry-like mixture. Thereby, the colorant is uniformly adsorbed on the entire pulp fiber. Subsequently, the colorant is uniformly dispersed in the raw material slurry by further mixing this mixture and other raw materials to obtain a raw material slurry. By dehydrating the raw slurry, a calcium silicate plate in which the colorant is uniformly dispersed throughout the plate can be obtained.
Moreover, according to the preferable form of the manufacturing method of this invention, the raw material slurry inject | poured in the mold is spin-dry | dehydrated only from the upper surface side at the time of pressure dehydration in a mold press method, and a green plate is formed. Thereby, bubbles in the raw material slurry generated by mixing the raw materials and injecting into the mold are discharged only from the upper surface side of the raw material slurry together with moisture, thereby forming a uniform green plate free of bubbles. Can do. In addition, delamination and puncture in the mold press method often occur in autoclave curing due to the remaining of the bubbles in the green plate, so that delamination and puncture can be prevented by preventing the bubbles from remaining. Can do. On the other hand, when the raw material slurry injected into the mold is dehydrated from both upper and lower surfaces, bubbles generated in the raw material slurry are discharged together with moisture from both the upper and lower surfaces of the raw material slurry. Since it is easy to move to the upper surface side of the raw material slurry, bubbles are likely to remain in the green plate, and delamination and puncture are also likely to occur. In particular, if the thickness exceeds a certain level, bubbles are likely to remain on the green plate, and if the green plate is provided with a curved surface, delamination and puncture are likely to occur. It is possible to provide a method for producing a calcium silicate plate that can suppress defects such as puncture and that is excellent in surface smoothness and that is useful as a fireproof interior material inside a tunnel. Further, most of the colorant is present in the raw material slurry in a state of being adsorbed on the pulp, but a small amount of the colorant may be present in the raw material slurry without being adsorbed on the pulp. Since a tendency to collect on the surface of the bubbles is recognized, a method of dehydrating only from the upper surface side of the raw slurry is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform dispersion of the colorant.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The raw material for the calcium silicate plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from known techniques. For example, calcareous raw materials and silicate raw materials as matrix raw materials, In addition, mainly fiber materials including pulp.

  Among them, for use as a fireproof interior material, in the manufactured calcium silicate plate, a calcium silicate hydrate composed of tobermorite and zonotlite, or a material mainly composed of zonotlite is preferable.

  As the calcareous material, for example, slaked lime or quick lime can be used.

The silicic acid raw material is not particularly limited, but when the calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotolite, it is preferable to use amorphous silicic acid and crystalline silicic acid in combination. In this case, the mass ratio of amorphous silicic acid to crystalline silicic acid is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 as the former / the latter. When the ratio is less than 0.1, the amount of zonotlite produced decreases, whereas when it exceeds 1.5, the amount of tobermorite produced tends to decrease. In addition, when calcium silicate hydrate is mainly composed of zonotolite, either amorphous or crystalline silicic acid can be used, but the purity of the siliceous raw material is high (silica The SiO ₂ contained in the raw material is preferably 97% by mass or more.

As the amorphous silicic acid, for example, ferrosilicon dust, silicon dust, colloidal silica, white carbon or the like can be used. Moreover, as crystalline silicic acid, for example, powdered quartzite made of quartz, cristobalite, tridymite and the like can be used. When the calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotolite, the amorphous silicic acid has an impurity of Al ₂ O ₃ of 2% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8%. It is good that it is 5 mass% or less. Further, the SiO ₂ content is 90% by mass or more, preferably 95% by mass or more. Further, the brain value is 2000 to 11000 cm ² / g, preferably 2000 to 7000 cm ² / g, and more preferably 3000 to 7000 cm ² / g. When calcium silicate hydrate is mainly composed of zonotolite, the SiO ₂ content is preferably 97% by mass or more as described above.

The molar ratio (C / S) of CaO / SiO ₂ of the calcareous raw material and siliceous raw material is 0.9 to 1.1, preferably when calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotrite. Is 0.95 to 1.05, more preferably 0.97 to 1.03. When the molar ratio is less than 0.9, the amount of zonotolite produced tends to decrease. Conversely, when the molar ratio exceeds 1.1, the amount of tobermorite produced tends to decrease. Further, the C / S when the calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotolite is preferably 0.97 to 1.03.

  Portland cement can be used as a raw material having components of both a calcareous raw material and a siliceous raw material.

  The fiber raw material in the present invention contains pulp (cellulose pulp) as an essential component. As other fiber raw materials, acicular wollastonite is suitable, and if necessary, glass fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber, carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, acrylic fiber, polypropylene fiber, rayon fiber, aramid fiber, Polyethylene fiber or the like can be used. In addition, the fiber as used in the field of this invention means that whose aspect ratio (ratio of length and diameter) is 3 or more.

  The proportion of cellulose pulp in the calcium silicate plate is 1 to 10% by mass, preferably 2 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 3 to 7% by mass. Moreover, acicular wollastonite is a fiber raw material used in order to improve the fire resistance and heat insulation of a product, and the ratio which occupies for a calcium silicate board is 20-60 mass%, Preferably it is 30-50. It is 40 mass%, More preferably, it is 40-50 mass%. When the cellulose pulp is less than 1% by mass, the dispersibility of the colorant tends to deteriorate, and the pressure dehydration property deteriorates, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by mass, both the fire resistance and heat insulation of the product are lowered, which is not preferable. Further, when the amount of acicular wollastonite is less than 20% by mass, the effect on the residual shrinkage of the product is reduced. The effect is reduced and the effect on the fire resistance and heat insulation of the product is reduced.

The cellulose pulp is preferably bleached pulp of softwood or hardwood, but unbleached pulp can also be used. In addition, cotton, hemp pulp, etc. can also be used. The freeness of cellulose pulp is preferably 100 ml or more, more preferably 200 ml or more, according to Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) of JIS-P-8121. In particular, in the method of dehydrating only from the upper surface side of the raw slurry, the freeness of the pulp is preferably higher, and 400 ml or more is preferred. If it is less than 100 ml, the pressure dehydration property of the raw slurry at the time of pressure dehydration molding is deteriorated and the production efficiency is greatly reduced, and the reinforcing performance of the cellulose pulp against the matrix is lowered, resulting in a decrease in strength of the calcium silicate plate. This is not preferable.
When acicular wollastonite is used, the fiber length may be 30 μm to 500 μm, preferably 50 μm to 200 μm.

The colorant used in the present invention is a water-insoluble material, and when it is poured into water as it is, it is a material that cannot be uniformly dispersed. The colorant used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the above properties, and may be variously selected according to the application. Examples thereof include carbon black, bengara, and titanium yellow. In the present invention, when carbon black that is hydrophobic and water-insoluble is used as a colorant, the effect (uniform dispersibility in pulp) can be particularly enhanced. In addition, when using the calcium silicate board of the present invention as a fireproof interior material of a tunnel, it is necessary to make it the same color (gray) as the concrete which is a tunnel segment as described above, but by using carbon black The interior material can be colored gray.
The colorant is preferably added in an amount of 0.05 to 1.0% by mass based on the total amount of the calcareous raw material, the siliceous raw material, the fiber raw material and the following filler. More preferably, it is 0.1-0.2 mass%.

  Further, the calcium silicate plate in the present invention contains one or more fillers such as mica powder, talc powder, calcium carbonate powder, dolomite powder, gypsum powder and wollastonite powder in addition to the raw materials as described above. You can also These fillers preferably have a ratio of 30% by mass or less to the calcium silicate plate.

Next, the manufacturing method of the calcium silicate board of this invention is demonstrated.
The production method of the present invention includes a first wet mixing step in which pulp and water are mixed in a pulper and the pulp is defibrated, and then a water-insoluble colorant is added thereto and further mixed.
A second wet mixing step of obtaining a raw material slurry by further mixing the mixture obtained after the first wet mixing step and other raw materials;
A green board forming step of dehydrating the raw slurry by a pressure dehydration method to form a green board having a uniform thickness;
A curing step of curing the raw plate by performing autoclave curing.

  Any known pulper can be used in the first wet mixing step. For example, Aikawa ironworks brand name delta pulper etc. are mentioned. In addition, in the first defibrating process, if the pulp is sufficiently defibrated, the defibrating conditions are not particularly limited. For example, a defibrating time of 5 to 30 minutes is appropriate, and the pulp and water The ratio is suitably 1500 to 10000 parts by mass of water with respect to 100 parts by mass of pulp. After defibration, a colorant (hereinafter, described as an example of carbon black particularly suitable for the present invention as a colorant) is further added to the pulper. The mixing time of the three components of water, pulp and carbon black is suitably 5 to 30 minutes, for example.

The mixture obtained after the first wet mixing step is further mixed with other raw materials to prepare a raw material slurry (second wet mixing step). Although the second wet mixing process depends on the capacity of the pulper, if the capacity is sufficient to carry out the second wet process, the second wet process is performed by introducing other raw materials described later into the pulper. If the volume of the pulper is not sufficient to carry out the second wet process, the mixture obtained after the first wet mixing process is removed from the pulper and second mixed in a separate mixer together with the other ingredients described below. A wet process may be performed.
The other raw materials refer to raw materials other than those used in the first wet mixing step necessary for obtaining the calcium silicate plate, and examples thereof include the above calcareous raw materials, silicate raw materials, fillers and the like. In addition, you may supplement a fiber raw material and water as needed. The order of addition of other raw materials is not particularly limited, but considering the dispersibility of each raw material, the amorphous silicic acid, crystalline silicic acid, calcareous raw material + the raw material are added to the mixture obtained after the first wet mixing step. It is preferred that the order be water to be dissolved, filler, and optionally fiber material to be captured, such as glass fiber. The mixing time of the second wet mixing step is, for example, 10 to 60 minutes.
The water in the raw material slurry prepared in the second wet mixing step is preferably blended so that {water / solid content raw material} is 1.5 to 5 (mass ratio), preferably 2 to 4. If the ratio is less than 1.5, the fluidity after heat curing is lowered, which is not preferable in terms of work. Conversely, if it exceeds 5, it is not preferable because burrows or delamination are likely to occur during pressure dehydration molding.

The prepared raw material slurry is preferably subsequently subjected to heat curing. The heating temperature of the heat curing is 60 to 100 ° C, preferably 80 to 95 ° C. If it is less than 60 degreeC, since gelatinization reaction is inadequate and a moldability deteriorates, it is not preferable. If it exceeds 100 ° C., a pressure vessel is required, which is not preferable. The heating time is preferably 0.5 hours to 3 hours. By this heat curing, the raw material slurry is gelled, and a calcium silicate plate having a low apparent density can be obtained. When blending acicular wollastonite, the apparent density tends to increase. When the apparent density is increased, the heat insulating property is lowered, which is not preferable. However, the increase in the apparent density can be suppressed by providing a heat curing step. Further, the dewatering efficiency of the subsequent pressure dewatering molding process can be improved. In this gelation reaction, the calcareous raw material, amorphous silicic acid and water react to produce a reaction product of an amorphous or low-crystalline gel-like CaO—SiO ₂ —H ₂ O system. It is. In addition, you may add a part of fiber raw material to supplement at the time of this heat curing process.

  If the prepared raw material slurry is subjected to a pressure dehydration method under conditions normally performed in the art and dehydrated, a green plate having a uniform thickness can be formed (raw plate forming step). Subsequently, the obtained raw plate is subjected to autoclave curing and cured (curing step), whereby a calcium silicate plate is obtained.

  When the calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotolite, the autoclave curing is performed at a temperature of 190 to 210 ° C, preferably 190 to 200 ° C, and a time of 5 hours to 15 hours. When calcium silicate hydrate is mainly composed of zonotolite, the temperature is 190 to 230 ° C. and the time is preferably 5 to 15 hours. The autoclaved and hardened calcium silicate plate is dried at a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C., for example.

  In the production method of the present invention, the green plate forming step is uniformly performed by (1) injecting the raw material slurry into the mold, and (2) pressurizing the raw material slurry in the mold and dehydrating from the upper surface side. Forming a green plate having a certain thickness, and in the step (2), the mold is composed of a bottom portion having water-tightness and a side portion made of a frame material movable in the vertical direction. It is particularly preferable that the mold is formed by contacting the bottom, and the raw material slurry injected into the mold is dehydrated only from the upper surface side.

In the step (1), the mold includes a smooth bottom portion and side portions made of a frame material (movable frame material) that is movable in the vertical direction. The movable frame member can be moved in the vertical direction by cylinders provided at the four corners. Further, it is preferable that the bottom portion can be moved in the horizontal direction. The method of moving the bottom portion in the horizontal direction is not particularly limited, but a metal base that can move in the horizontal direction or an endless belt (however, the place where the bottom portion is to be formed are pressed under the belt). A method using a metal stand that can withstand pressurization) can be exemplified. The movable frame member is moved downward by the cylinder and comes into contact with the bottom, and is brought into close contact with the bottom by the weight of the movable frame member and the pressure of the cylinder to form a mold, and the raw slurry is injected therein. Although the said point is the same as a well-known technique, it differs greatly in the preferable form of this invention that the said bottom part has watertightness. In the mold press method in the known technology, for example, an endless belt made of a material having water permeability (however, a metal base that can withstand pressurization of the press is provided under the belt at a place where the bottom is formed. Also, the base is provided with dewatering holes and grooves as required) on the bottom, and the movable frame material is moved downward by the cylinder and brought into contact with the bottom on the mold. The raw slurry is injected into the press, and the press plate of the press is fitted and pressurized, dewatering is performed from the bottom and top of the mold, the press plate and the movable frame are moved upward, and endless Remove the green plate formed by moving the belt, move the movable frame material downward again to form the mold, and then form the green plate continuously by going through the same steps as above It was.
However, in the present invention, since the bottom portion has water-tightness, the raw material slurry injected into the mold is dehydrated only from the upper surface side, so that bubbles hardly remain in the formed green plate. In addition, the dispersion of carbon black does not become uneven. Accordingly, air bubbles hardly remain in the product obtained after the autoclave curing, and delamination and puncture hardly occur. Further, the dispersion of carbon black does not become uneven.

The surface material (material directly in contact with the raw material slurry) constituting the water-tight bottom is not particularly limited as long as it is a water-impermeable material. For example, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyester impregnated with urethane and silicone And metal plates such as stainless steel. What is necessary is just to select these suitably from what is marketed. The surface material is placed on a metal table that can move in the horizontal direction, or an endless belt made of this surface material (however, in the place where the bottom is formed, a press is applied under the belt. The bottom of the mold is formed by using a metal stand that can withstand pressure. The surface of the metal table and the surface material mounted thereon should be smooth. Thereby, the calcium silicate board excellent in surface smoothness can be manufactured by making the surface formed in contact with the bottom part of a mold among both surfaces of a product into the surface of a calcium silicate board.
Moreover, as a material of the movable frame member and the pressing plate of the press, a SUS plate having a smooth surface (the surface of which is coated with fluororesin as required) is preferable from the viewpoint that a smooth green plate can be obtained.

  The pressure dehydration is performed by injecting the raw material slurry into the mold and pressurizing the press plate fitted into the mold. At this time, drainage cloth (for example, saran (registered trademark of Asahi Kasei Life & Living Co., Ltd .: polyvinylidene chloride resin) cloth or nylon cloth as an alternative material) or punching metal is installed on the upper surface of the raw slurry. It is good to leave. The water in the raw slurry flows out of the mold frame through a drainage cloth or the like. Alternatively, suction means may be installed on the pressing plate of the press to suck moisture generated by pressurization. In this way, the raw slurry injected into the mold is dehydrated only from the upper surface side, so that a green plate having a uniform thickness is formed.

The pressure for pressure dehydration is appropriately selected depending on the apparent density of the target product. The pressure holding time is, for example, 1 to 120 seconds, preferably 1 to 15 seconds. The pressing speed (the descending speed of the pressing plate) is, for example, 0.1 to 6.0 mm / second, preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm / second.
Moreover, the raw board after pressure dehydration is not particularly limited, but when used for tunnel interior use, a board having a thickness of 10 to 50 mm, preferably 15 to 30 mm is used.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, between the step (2) and the curing step, the green plate taken out of the mold is placed on a mold table having a predetermined curved surface, and the curved plate has a uniform thickness. (Step of forming a curved surface). By this curved surface forming step, a calcium silicate plate having a curved surface can be produced, and for example, it is useful as a fireproof interior material inside the tunnel.

  Fig.1 (a) is a top view of an example of the type | mold stand used at this process. The mold base 1 includes a frame material 101 in the shape of a square pipe made of, for example, SUS, and extends three in the longitudinal direction of the mold base 1. A frame material 102 is also provided in the width direction of the mold base 1, and a punching metal 103 is installed in a curved shape between the frame materials 101 and 102. The number of frame materials is preferably 20 to 30 when the length of the mold base is 3100 mm. The diameter of the hole of the punching metal 103 is preferably, for example, 1 to 10 mm, the pitch is 3 to 10 mm, and the thickness is 1 to 3 mm. The size in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the mold table 1 has a size larger than the size of the green plate obtained in the step (2), or a size that is substantially the same. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the mold table 1 taken along the line AA. The mold table 1 includes a flat bottom portion 11 and a surface portion 12 having a curved surface.

Apart from this, in the present invention, a separator 2 having a curved surface at both the bottom and the surface is prepared.
FIG. 2A is a plan view of an example of the separator 2, and FIG. 2B is an AA cross-sectional view of the separator 2. As for the cross section of the separator 2, both the bottom part 21 and the surface part 22 have a curved surface. Other shapes are the same as the mold base 1 shown in FIG.
It is desirable that the mold table 1 and the separator 2 can withstand the autoclave curing conditions, withstand the weight of the green board to be laminated and the separator, and do not impair the surface smoothness of the green board.

  In the mold table 1 and the separator 2, the method of forming the curved surface is not particularly limited. For example, when the frame materials 101 and 102 are assembled into the mold table 1 or the separator 2, the frame material 102 in the width direction is For example, it cut | disconnects with a laser etc. and processes so that a desired curvature radius may be obtained. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2 (a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper part). As shown in FIG. 3, when the punching metal 103 is welded to the frame material 102, the reinforcing material 104 having an L-shaped cross section is welded through the hole of the punching metal. As a result, the punching metal 103 is less likely to be distorted. The punching metal 103 can be easily deformed according to the radius of curvature of the frame material 102.

First, the green plate obtained in the step (2) is placed on the surface portion 12 of the mold table 1. At this time, it is desirable to place a thin plate (hereinafter simply referred to as a metal thin plate) obtained by giving a predetermined curved surface shape to a highly smooth metal such as stainless steel on the surface portion 12 of the mold base 1. Furthermore, the smoothness of the surface of the green board is maintained by placing the green board on both surfaces of the green board in contact with the bottom of the mold.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a state in which the green plate is placed on the surface portion 12 of the mold table 1. In FIG. 4, the metal thin plate 13 is placed on the surface portion 12 of the mold table 1, and two raw plates 211 are placed thereon. The thin metal plate 14 is also sandwiched between the two raw plates 211. Thereby, the smoothness of the surface (surface which contact | abutted the bottom part of a mold) of each raw board shape | molded smoothly is maintained. The green plate 211 is deformed along the curved surface of the surface portion 12 by its own weight. At this time, the raw plate 211 may not be completely adhered to the surface portion 12. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, the separator 2 is stacked on the raw plate 211 so that the bottom portion 21 is in contact with the raw plate 211, and the thin metal plate 15 is placed on the surface portion 22 of the separator 2. Then, two raw plates 212 are stacked. Also in this case, the thin metal plate 16 is sandwiched between the two raw plates 211. The green plate 211 on the mold table 1 is completely adhered to the curved surface of the surface portion 12 of the mold table 1 by the load of the separator 2 and the green plate 212 thereon, and is curved. Subsequently, the separator and two green plates are similarly stacked on the green plate 212, and this is repeated. The separator 2 is placed on the uppermost portion and subjected to autoclave curing in the subsequent curing process.
In the above embodiment, two green plates 211 are stacked on the surface portion 12 of the mold table 1 and two green plates 212 are stacked on the separator 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the green plates are not limited thereto. May be stacked one or three or more. However, although depending on the thickness of the green plate, when the thickness is 28 mm, if three or more green plates 21 are stacked, the curvature of each green plate changes (the curvature increases as it goes up). It is not preferable.

  In addition, it is preferable that the spin-drying | dehydration side of the raw material slurry performed at the said (2) process is the convex surface of the curved surface of a green plate.

  Further, the minimum curvature radius of the curved surfaces of the mold table 1 and the separator 2 may be appropriately determined according to the thickness of the green plate and the application. For example, when the thickness of the green plate is 15 to 30 mm, the minimum curvature radius Is preferably 4500 to 10,000 mm, and more preferably 5400 to 5800 mm.

  Further, in the above, punching metal is used as the curved surface forming plate 103. With this, in autoclave curing, the production of calcium silicate hydrate consisting of zonotlite or zonotolite and tobermorite can be performed with each raw plate. Since it can carry out suitably, it is preferable. The material of the punching metal is preferably the same material as the frame materials 101 and 102, and is made of, for example, SUS. The thickness of the punching metal is, for example, 1 to 3 mm, the diameter of the holes is preferably 1 to 10 mm, and the pitch is preferably 3 to 10 mm.

  The laminate comprising the green plate, the mold table and the separator prepared as described above is loaded on a cart or the like, and is subjected to autoclave curing in the curing step.

  The calcium silicate plate thus produced can be suitably used as an interior material (panel) for various tunnel structures such as automobile tunnels and railway tunnels. In this case, for example, the size is 1800 to 3000 mm in length, 900 to 1200 mm in width, and 10 to 50 mm in thickness. In the detailed description of the present invention, the case where the calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotolite and the case of mainly zonotolite are described, but the present invention is not limited to these cases, It can also be applied when other calcium silicate hydrates are used as a matrix. Further, although carbon black has been described as an example of the colorant, it goes without saying that other water-insoluble colorants can also be used.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further, this invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
(First wet mixing process)
Pulper (trade name Delta Palper, manufactured by Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.) was charged with CSF 710 ml of cellulose pulp (Fletcher Challenge Canada Co., Ltd., product name Wood Pulp Crofton CK-HF) and water, 2530 kg, and stirred for 5 minutes. The cellulose pulp was defibrated. Subsequently, 4 kg of carbon black (hydrophobic carbon black; trade name carbon black # 50, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) is put into the pulper, and the pulper is further operated for 5 minutes with stirring, and the carbon black is defibrated into cellulose pulp. Adsorbed uniformly.

Subsequently, the mixture obtained in the above step was transferred to a mixer (trade name: Wet Mixer manufactured by Nihonkai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.), and while the mixer was operating, there was an Al ₂ O ₃ content of 0.5 as amorphous silicic acid. wt% and SiO ₂ 98% by weight of 220kg ferrosilicon dust, crystalline Al ₂ O ₃ content of 1 wt% as silicic acid, SiO ₂ content of 98 wt% and the Blaine value 3000 cm ² / g of powder silica 250 kg, calcareous material As a raw material slurry, 573 kg of slaked lime, 1200 kg of acicular wollastonite having an aspect ratio of about 10, and 23 kg of alkali-resistant glass fiber were added in this order. In addition, the water | moisture content in a raw material slurry was added so that {water / solid content raw material} might be set to 2.0. Subsequently, the raw material slurry was heated and cured at 90 ° C. for 2 hours.

(Raw plate forming process)
With the endless belt as the bottom, a movable frame member was moved downward to abut the bottom to form a mold, and the raw slurry after heat curing was poured therein. The bottom of the endless belt is a material obtained by impregnating polyester and urethane and silicone, and has water tightness. The material of the movable frame material was a SUS304 plate with a smooth surface and coated with fluororesin.

  A press plate of a press was fitted into the mold into which the raw material slurry was poured and pressed. At this time, a drain cloth was installed on the upper surface of the raw slurry. The pressing speed of the pressing plate was 1 mm / second, the holding pressure was 4.9 MPa, and the holding time was 10 seconds. The water in the raw slurry flowed out of the mold frame through the drainage cloth. In addition, the outflow of the water | moisture content from the bottom part of a mold was not seen. The dewatering rate of the raw material slurry (water content before pressing−water content after pressing) was 30%.

  After the pressurization process was finished, the movable frame member was moved upward, and the green plate formed by moving the endless belt was taken out. The green plate has a length of 1200 mm, a width of 900 mm, and a thickness of 27 mm.

(Curing process)
The green board taken out was subjected to autoclave curing at a temperature of 195 ° C. for 10 hours and cured to obtain a molded body. Further, the obtained molded body is a calcium silicate material containing a matrix and a fiber made of calcium silicate hydrate. As a result of microscopic analysis, calcium silicate hydrate is composed of tobermorite and zonotrite. I found out that

The above process was repeated to produce 100 molded bodies.
About the obtained molded object, the coloring situation by carbon black was investigated. Further, by cutting at 100 mm intervals, the state of coloring of the cross section, the presence of bubbles, delamination and puncture were examined. As a result, it was confirmed that the surface and the cross section of the molded body were uniformly colored with carbon black, and the color was similar to that of the concrete segment for constructing the tunnel. Moreover, bubbles, delamination and puncture were not confirmed.
Next, the obtained molded body was cut into a sample having a length of 250 mm, a width of 50 mm, and a thickness of 28 mm, and the center line bending load was measured. As a result, it was 9.5 N / mm ² . The apparent density was 950 kg / m ³ .

Comparative Example 1
Example 1 was repeated except that in the first wet mixing step, cellulose pulp, carbon black and water were simultaneously added to the pulper to defibrate the cellulose pulp. The obtained molded product was examined for the state of coloring with carbon black. As a result, uneven coloring with carbon black was observed on the surface and cross section of the molded product, and the appearance of gray was not obtained. Therefore, it could not be the same color as the concrete segments that make up the tunnel.

Comparative Example 2
In the first wet mixing step, Example 1 was repeated except that carbon black and water were simultaneously added to the pulper and stirred, and then cellulose pulp was added thereto to defibrate the cellulose pulp. The obtained molded product was examined for the state of coloring with carbon black. As a result, uneven coloring with carbon black was observed on the surface and cross section of the molded product, and the appearance of gray was not obtained. Therefore, it could not be the same color as the concrete segments that make up the tunnel.

Example 2
Using the mold table 1 and the separator 2 having a curved surface as shown in FIG. 1, a curved surface was formed on the green plate prepared in Example 1 to form a curved plate having a uniform thickness. The frame materials 101 and 102 in the mold table 1 and the separator 2 are formed of SUS304 square pipes, the frame material 101 extends in the longitudinal direction, and the frame material 102 is provided in a total of 22 in the width direction. The longitudinal direction of the mold table 1 and the separator 2 is 3100 mm, and the width direction is 1015 mm. A curved surface forming plate 103 made of a number of punching metals is installed between the frame materials 101 and 102. The material is SUS304 material, the thickness is 2 mm, the diameter of the holes of the punching metal is 4 mm, and the pitch is 7 mm. In the table 1 and the separator 2, the curved surface forming plate 103 has a minimum radius of curvature of 5600 mm. The mold table 1 and the separator 2 have substantially the same size in the longitudinal direction and the width direction as the green plate.

Two raw plates 211 were stacked on the surface portion 12 of the mold table 1. Subsequently, the separator 2 was stacked on the green plate 211, and two green plates 212 were stacked on the separator 2. Further, a separator and two green plates were similarly stacked on the green plate 212, and this was repeated to stack a total of 14 green plates, with the separator 2 placed on the top. Thereafter, a curing step was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a molded body (curved plate).
When the state of coloring with carbon black was examined, it was confirmed that the surface and cross section of the molded body were uniformly colored with carbon black and had the same color as the concrete segment that constructs the tunnel.
When the presence or absence of delamination was examined, delamination was 2.7% in all molded articles. The center line bending load of the molded body was 10.5 N / mm ² , and the apparent density was 950 kg / m ³ .

  From the above, in the molded product obtained by the production method of the present invention, the colorant such as carbon black is uniformly adsorbed to the entire pulp fiber, and as a result, the colorant is uniformly dispersed throughout the plate, and the desired coloration is obtained. Has been made. Moreover, it turned out that the molded object obtained by the manufacturing method of this invention has the intensity | strength comparable as the conventional molded object, and also the malfunction of delamination and a puncture is suppressed very much.

  Since the calcium silicate board obtained by the production method of the present invention is uniformly colored throughout the board, it is particularly useful as a fireproof interior material inside a tunnel. Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a calcium silicate plate is obtained that is uniformly colored throughout the plate and is less likely to cause delamination and puncture, and has a predetermined curved surface such as a fireproof interior material inside the tunnel. This is particularly useful when obtaining a curved plate having the same.

(A) is a top view of an example of the mold base used by this invention, (b) is AA sectional drawing of a mold base. (A) is a top view of an example of a separator, (b) is AA sectional drawing of a separator. It is BB sectional drawing of the separator in FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the state which mounted the raw board on the surface part of the type | mold stand. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the state which piled up the separator on the green plate, and also piled up the green plate on this separator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Type stand 2 Separator 11,21 Bottom part 12,22 Surface part 101,102 Frame material 103 Punching metal 104 Reinforcement material 211,212 Raw board

Claims (4)

In the pulp disaggregation apparatus, after the pulp and water are mixed and the pulp is defibrated, a first wet mixing step of adding a water-insoluble colorant thereto and further mixing, and
A second wet mixing step of obtaining a raw material slurry by further mixing the mixture obtained after the first wet mixing step and other raw materials;
A green board forming step of dehydrating the raw slurry by a pressure dehydration method to form a green board having a uniform thickness;
The raw plate possess a curing step of curing performed autoclave curing,
The raw plate forming step includes (1) a step of injecting the raw material slurry into a mold, and (2) pressurizing the raw material slurry in the mold and dehydrating from the upper surface side, thereby producing a raw material having a uniform thickness. A method for producing a calcium silicate plate, which is a step of forming a plate. Prior SL (2) step, the mold is made from the side consisting of bottom and movable frame member vertically with watertight, mold formed by said side comes into contact with the bottom, the mold The method for producing a calcium silicate plate according to claim 1, wherein the raw material slurry injected into the inside is dehydrated only from the upper surface side.   Between the green plate forming step and the curing step, the step of placing the green plate obtained in the green plate forming step on a mold table having a predetermined curved surface to obtain a curved plate having a uniform thickness It has it, The manufacturing method of the calcium-silicate board in any one of Claims 1-2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The method for producing a calcium silicate plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water-insoluble colorant is carbon black.

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