JP4891970B2 - Fastening device and fastening method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fastening device and a fastening method for connecting a plurality of fastened members by expanding the diameter of a fastening member using hydraulic pressure.

Conventionally, when fastening a member to be fastened composed of a plurality of structures, a fastening method using rivets, bolts / nuts, welding, or the like is generally used. At present, bolts made of high-strength steel are generally used for construction and assembly of steel structures on site.
In addition, welding is used to connect structures other than rivets, bolts and nuts. By using welding, the joint structure can be simplified and man-hours can be reduced.

  In general, the rivet is a shaft-shaped member having a head at the base end, and is a fastening member that connects a plurality of members to be fastened by hitting one or both sides to form a head at the tip. The rivet is used, for example, for assembling steel structures such as bridges and buildings, and assembling aircraft bodies using aluminum alloys.

The reason why rivets are often used in the aircraft industry is as follows.
(1) When the members to be fastened are connected by welding, the strength and the like of the welded joints vary due to material changes due to heat, welding conditions, and the like. Aircraft need to be periodically disassembled, inspected, and reassembled, making it difficult to use welding at all joints.
(2) Bolts and nuts may loosen, and if they are all bolts and nuts, an enormous number of torque management is required, so they are rarely used.
(3) Rivets are cheap and easy to remove.
For these reasons, rivets are often used in the aircraft industry.

Moreover, the blind rivet which can be attached from one side with the attachment tool which has a mandrel is known as a rivet (refer patent document 1).
JP 7-217623 A

  However, in the rivet, it is necessary to insert the shaft portion into a through-hole formed in the fastened member and to crush the tip of the shaft portion to form a head. For this reason, the fastening method using rivets has a problem that the labor and the noise generated at that time are a heavy burden on the operator when the head is formed at the tip of the shaft. Further, rivet driving for forming the head of the rivet requires skill, and there has been a problem that intense noise is generated when driving.

Further, in a normal rivet, when fixing a structure, the head must be formed by hitting the opposite side while pressing the rivet head with a finger. Therefore, when riveting, there is a problem that a mechanism for pressing the rivet or the like is provided on the structure, or a dedicated jig for holding the rivet is required, and the joining work becomes complicated. .
Further, the blind rivet described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it has a lower strength than a normal rivet and can only be used for fastening a portion where strength is not required.

  Fastening a structure with bolts and nuts requires torque management, and as the structure becomes larger, the number of bolts increases accordingly, which requires a huge number of torque management and increases costs. There was a point. Further, as described above, there is a possibility that the bolts and nuts may loosen when used in locations where vibrations occur.

  Furthermore, since the fastening device for fastening a plurality of members to be fastened with bolts and nuts requires the management of torque when tightening the bolts and nuts as described above, the number and types of bolts and nuts to be used increase. As a result, there has been a problem that the burden of torque management increases.

The joining of structures by welding has the following problems.
(1) Since welding generates heat at the time of joining, it cannot be applied to a member that is easily affected by the heat.
(2) The joints to be welded are locally heated and cooled to generate strain.
(3) The properties of the base material change depending on the welding heat when welding.
(4) The base material may deteriorate with respect to elongation, impact force, etc. as a structure due to a change in its properties, and brittle fracture may occur.
(5) When welding, a new heterogeneous material called a weld metal is partially created at the weld location.
(6) Detection of weld defects such as nests requires nondestructive inspection and cannot be easily detected by visual inspection.

  Therefore, the present invention was devised to solve such problems, and can be fastened in a short time without selecting the type of fastened members to be connected to each other. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fastening device and a fastening method with a small burden on a person.

To solve the above problems, the overlapped by the inventors, a plurality of plate-shaped tubular fastening member inserted into the fastening member insertion hole formed in the workpieces overlaid fastening device according to claim 1 A fastening method for fastening a plurality of plate-like members to be fastened, wherein at least a fastening portion of the fastening members or a plurality of plate-like fastened members that are fastened by the fastening portions are fastened A groove or a convex portion is formed in any one of the portions, the fastening member is inserted into the fastening member insertion hole of the stacked plate-like fastened members, and the cylindrical portion of the fastening member is By expanding the diameter by the high-pressure liquid supplied from the high-pressure liquid supply source, the outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member is pressed against the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members. , The groove or the protrusion Characterized in that the fastening portion of the fastening member, or is joined in a state that bite into the fastened portion of the plurality of plate-like workpieces which the superposed, thereby connecting a plurality of plate-like workpieces which the superimposed And
Here, “high pressure” refers to the pressure required to press-mold the fastening member by expanding the diameter, and varies depending on the thickness, size, shape, material, etc. of the tubular fastening member. Means a pressure of several hundred atmospheres.

According to such a configuration, the fastening member has an inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of plate-like fastened members formed by expanding the diameter of the high pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port of the mandrel seal portion and overlapping the outer cylindrical surfaces. To be joined to the member to be fastened. For this reason, a to-be-fastened member is fastened in a short time even if it is dissimilar materials or the same materials regardless of a kind by a fastening member. Further, the fastening member can obtain an optimum fastening force for connecting a plurality of stacked plate-like members to be joined by adjusting the pressure of the high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port. As a result, a stable fastening force can be obtained regardless of the skill level. Since the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened are fastened by the pressure at the time of expanding the fastening member by hydraulic pressure, vibration, noise, heat and the like are not generated. Therefore, there is no influence on a to-be-fastened member and the burden on an operator is also small.
Further, according to such a configuration, the fastening portions of the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened are formed with grooves or projections, so that the fastening members are pressed by the high-pressure liquid and plastically deformed to expand. When the diameter is increased, the outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member bites into the groove or the convex portion. For this reason, the plurality of plate-like members to be fastened overlapped with the fastening members are firmly fastened to each other so that they do not fall off from the plurality of plate-like fastened members on which the fastening members overlap .

The fastening device according to claim 2 is the fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel seal portion includes a mandrel main body having a high-pressure channel communicating with the discharge port, and the high-pressure liquid supply source. The injection member into which the high-pressure liquid is injected, and the high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port are inserted into the fastening member insertion holes of the plurality of plate-like members to be fastened overlapped with the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel body. And a sealing portion sealed between the inner wall surface and the two sealing materials.

According to such a configuration, when high-pressure liquid is injected from the high-pressure liquid supply source into the injection unit, the high-pressure liquid passes through the high-pressure channel in the mandrel body and the plurality of plate shapes are overlapped with the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel body from the discharge port. Is discharged into the seal portion between the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the to- be-fastened member and the two sealing materials, and the inside of the seal portion becomes a high pressure state. When the inside of the seal portion is in a high-pressure state, the fastening member is pressed by the high-pressure liquid inside the cylindrical portion to increase the diameter, presses the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion holes of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastening members, and the outer cylinder The surface is crimped to the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the fastened member. Thereby, the several plate-shaped to- be-fastened member piled up is mutually connected by the fastening member.

The invention of the fastening device according to claim 3 is the fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the fastening member having a diameter increased by the high-pressure liquid between the fastened member and the fastened member. A gap is formed in which the bulged portion enters.

According to such a configuration, since there is a gap between the member to be fastened and the member to be fastened, the bulging portion of the fastening member expanded in diameter by the high-pressure liquid enters the gap and is firmly fixed. The

Invention of the fastening method according to claim 4, a plurality of plate-shaped object to be overlaid above a plurality of plate-shaped tubular fastening member inserted into the fastening member insertion hole formed in the workpieces overlaid A fastening method for fastening a fastening member, wherein at least one of a fastening part of the fastening member or a part to be fastened of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members fastened by the fastening part A groove or a convex portion is formed, the fastening member is inserted into the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members, and the cylindrical portion of the fastening member is supplied from a high-pressure liquid supply source. By expanding the diameter with a high-pressure liquid, and pressing the outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member against the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the stacked plate-like fastened members. The convex portion is a fastening portion of the fastening member. Or, it is joined in a state of biting into the fastened portion of the plurality of plate-shaped workpieces that the superimposed, characterized in that for connecting a plurality of plate-like workpieces which said superimposed.

According to such a configuration, the cylindrical portion of the fastening member is subjected to diameter expansion molding by the high-pressure liquid supplied from the high-pressure liquid supply source, and the outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member is fastened to the plurality of plate-like members to be fastened. By pressing the inner wall surface of the member insertion hole, a plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened can be connected.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fastening method in which an outer cylindrical surface of a cylindrical fastening member to be inserted into a fastening member insertion hole formed in a plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members is used as a cylinder of the fastening member. Expanding the diameter with high-pressure liquid from a high-pressure liquid supply source discharged from a mandrel seal portion inserted into the portion, and pressing the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened A fastening method for fastening the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened, wherein the member to be fastened is disposed on the distal end side of the mandrel seal portion among the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened Only the fastening member insertion hole is formed with a bottom, and other members to be fastened arranged on the base end side of the mandrel seal portion are formed by penetrating the fastening member insertion hole. The cylinder part is connected to the base of the mandrel seal part. The fastening member insertion hole is inserted into the fastening member insertion hole of the fastening member on the side, and further inserted into the fastening member insertion hole of the fastening member on the distal end side of the mandrel seal portion. The to-be-fastened member having the above-mentioned and the to-be-fastened member having the bottomed fastening member insertion hole are connected.

According to such a configuration, the fastened member disposed on the distal end side of the mandrel seal portion among the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members has a fastened member insertion hole even if the fastened member insertion hole is formed at the bottom. Similarly to the case where the fastening member insertion hole of the fastening member is a through-holed member, the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the fastening member is expanded by the high pressure liquid, and the outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member and the inner wall surface of the fastening member are crimped. The For this reason, the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened are firmly connected to the fastening members.

  According to the fastening device and the fastening method according to the present invention, the fastening device and the fastening method can be fastened in a short time without selecting the types of fastened members to be coupled to each other, and vibration, noise, heat, etc. are generated without requiring skill. In addition, the burden on the operator can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, a fastening device and a fastening method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a use state of a fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing the fastening device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part when a fastening member is fastened to a plurality of fastened members by a mandrel seal portion. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part showing the movement of the sealing material of the fastening device according to the embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a diagram showing a state when the mandrel seal part is inserted into the fastening member, (B) is a figure which shows a state when a high pressure liquid is press-fitted in a mandrel seal part, (c) is a figure which shows a state when it has finished fastening a fastening member to a to-be-fastened member.

≪Configuration of fastening device≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the fastening device 1 includes a seal portion 54 (see FIG. 3B) in the inner cylindrical surface 4 c of the fastening member 4 inserted into the fastening member insertion holes 2 a and 3 a of the plurality of fastened members 2 and 3. ) Reference) This is a device that presses the fastening member 4 from the inner surface side and encloses the plurality of fastened members 2 and 3 by pressing and enclosing the high hydraulic pressure in the inner side, thereby connecting them together. . As shown in FIG. 1, the fastening device 1 includes a plurality of fastened members 2 and 3, a fastening member 4 made of a cylindrical rivet, a mandrel seal portion 5 having a discharge port 51 b that discharges high-pressure liquid, An injection device 7 that performs an injection operation when a high-pressure liquid is injected into the mandrel seal portion 5, a high-pressure liquid supply source 6 for generating a high-pressure liquid supplied to the injection device 7, and a high-pressure liquid supply source 6 And a high-pressure pipe 8 for sending the high-pressure liquid to the injection device 7.
The high-pressure liquid used in the fastening device 1 is, for example, water, and may be a liquid such as oil. Although fresh water is desirable because of the cleanliness of the processed part, turbine oil and other liquids with high sealing properties can be used according to the purpose.

≪Configuration of fastened members≫
The to-be-fastened members 2 and 3 are at least two or more structures connected to each other by the fastening member 4, and are made of, for example, a workpiece made of a metal plate member such as two stainless steels or steel. The fastened members 2 and 3 are made of a material having elasticity capable of fastening the expanded fastening member 4 and maintaining the fastened state. Fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a having inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b are formed in the fastened members 2 and 3, respectively. The fastened members 2 and 3 are arranged so that the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a communicate with each other by matching the inner wall surface 2b of the fastened member 2 and the inner wall surface 3b of the fastened member 3 coaxially. ing. The fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a are circular through holes into which the cylindrical fastening member 4 is inserted. For example, the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a are holes formed in the fastened members 2 and 3 with a drill or the like.

≪Composition of fastening member≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the fastening member 4 is inserted into the fastening member insertion holes 2 a and 3 a drilled in the fastened members 2 and 3, respectively, so as to connect the fastened member 2 and the fastened member 3. It is a member. The fastening member 4 is formed of a cylindrical (tubular) rivet having a mandrel insertion hole 4e through which a mandrel main body 51 described later can pass. The fastening member 4 is made of, for example, a material that is relatively soft and easily plastically deformed, such as aluminum or copper, and is expanded by a high-pressure liquid and can maintain a plastically deformed state. The fastening member 4 has a cylindrical portion 4a, an outer cylindrical surface 4b, an inner cylindrical surface 4c, a flange portion 4d, and a mandrel insertion hole 4e, which will be described later. The fastening member 4 is expanded in diameter by the high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port 51 b, and the outer cylindrical surface 4 b is pressed against the inner wall surfaces 2 b and 3 b of the fastening member insertion holes 2 a and 3 a of the fastened members 2 and 3. Fastened by press contact.

The cylindrical portion 4a is a portion where the fastening member 4 is inserted into the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a of the fastened members 2 and 3 when the fastened member 2 and the fastened member 3 are connected by the fastening member 4. Yes, it is formed in a cylindrical shape.
The outer cylindrical surface 4b is an outer surface of the cylindrical portion 4a, and is inserted and disposed so as to face the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b of the fastened members 2 and 3. An appropriate clearance is provided between the outer cylindrical surface 4b and the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b so that the fastening member 4 can be subjected to diameter expansion molding. For this reason, the fastening member 4 can be easily inserted into the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a.
The inner cylindrical surface 4c is an inner surface of the cylindrical portion 4a, and is inserted and arranged so that the outer peripheral surface 51a of the mandrel main body 51 is opposed to the inner cylindrical surface 4c. There is a slight gap between the inner cylindrical surface 4 c and the outer peripheral surface 51 a of the mandrel main body 51 so that the mandrel main body 51 can be inserted into the inner cylindrical surface 4 c of the fastening member 4.
The flange 4d is a flange-shaped head formed at the base end (one end) of the fastening member 4, and when the fastening member 4 is inserted and attached to the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a of the fastened members 2 and 3 In addition, it is a portion that contacts the opening edge of the fastened member 2.
The mandrel insertion hole 4e is a part into which the mandrel main body 51 is inserted, and is formed of a cylindrical through hole.

≪Mandrel seal configuration≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the mandrel seal portion 5 connects the fastened member 2 and the fastened member 3 by sending high-pressure liquid into the mandrel insertion hole 4 e of the fastening member 4 to increase the diameter of the fastened member 4. It is for making it happen. The mandrel seal portion 5 is inserted into a cylindrical portion 4a formed on the fastening member 4, and has a discharge port 51b for discharging high-pressure liquid in the cylindrical portion 4a on the outer peripheral surface 51a. It is attached to the injection device 7. The mandrel seal part 5 is mainly composed of a mandrel body 51, an injection part 52, a high-pressure channel 53, a seal part 54, and seal materials 55 and 56, which will be described later. In addition, the mandrel seal part 5 can be appropriately replaced with a mandrel main body 51 having a size suitable for the application.

<Configuration of mandrel body>
The mandrel body 51 is a part that is inserted into the mandrel insertion hole 4 e of the fastening member 4 and is formed in a round bar shape. The mandrel body 51 includes a high-pressure channel 53, a discharge port 51 b, annular grooves 51 c and 51 d, a seal portion 54, and seal materials 55 and 56. On the outer peripheral surface 51a of the mandrel main body 51, a discharge port 51b is formed at the center, and annular grooves 51c and 51d are formed on the base end side and the tip end side of the discharge port 51b with appropriate intervals. .

As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the discharge port 51 b is an opening through which the high-pressure liquid sent from the high-pressure channel 53 in the mandrel body 51 is discharged out of the mandrel body 51.
As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the annular grooves 51c and 51d are grooves into which the annular seal members 55 and 56 are respectively inserted. The annular grooves 51c and 51d are formed so that the depth is shallower than the thickness (diameter) of the sealing materials 55 and 56, and the axial length is longer than the thickness (diameter) of the sealing materials 55 and 56. Yes. For this reason, the sealing materials 55 and 56 fitted in the annular grooves 51c and 51d can be moved in the vertical direction (arrow a, b, and c directions) by the pressure of the high-pressure liquid.

<Configuration of injection part>
As shown in FIG. 2, the injection part 52 is a part to which the high pressure liquid supplied from the high pressure liquid supply source 6 is injected by attaching the mandrel seal part 5 to the injection device 7, and the end face of the injection part 52 A high-pressure channel 53 is formed toward the central portion of the mandrel main body 51. The injection part 52 is integrally formed of stainless steel or the like on the base end side of the mandrel body 51 (see FIG. 1). The injection part 52 includes a high-pressure channel 53 described later, a horizontal hole 52a formed in a direction orthogonal to the high-pressure channel 53, and a connecting part 52b attached to the mounting part 7b of the injection device 7, and is substantially cylindrical. (Refer to FIG. 1).

<Configuration of high-pressure channel>
The high-pressure channel 53 is a channel through which the high-pressure liquid supplied to the mandrel seal unit 5 flows, and is formed in the mandrel seal unit 5. One end of the high-pressure channel 53 is formed on the end surface on the proximal end side of the injection portion 52, and the discharge port 51 b on the other end is formed on the central portion of the outer peripheral surface 51 a of the mandrel body 51.

<Configuration of seal part>
As shown in FIG. 3B, the seal portion 54 is disposed in a state where it is in pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface 51 a of the mandrel body 51, the inner cylindrical surface 4 c of the fastening member 4, and the mandrel body 51 and the fastening member 4. This is a sealed space formed by the sealing materials 55 and 56. A high-pressure state is formed by sealing the high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port 51 b in the sealed space of the seal portion 54.

<Configuration of sealing material>
When the fastening member 4 is inserted into the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a of the fastened members 2 and 3, the sealing materials 55 and 56 come into contact with the state of being elastically pressed by the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b. This is a member for forming a sealed space between the sealing materials 55 and 56. When the high-pressure liquid is supplied from the high-pressure channel 53 to the sealed space between the sealing materials 55 and 56, the sealed space encloses the high-pressure liquid to form a high-pressure chamber in a high-pressure state, and the high-pressure liquid is connected to the fastening member 4. The diameter is expanded and plastically deformed. The sealing materials 55 and 56 are made of, for example, a rubber O-ring formed in an annular shape and having elasticity.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the length L in the axial direction of the fastening portion T for fastening the fastening member 4 to the fastened members 2 and 3 to be fastened is the distance S2 between the two sealing materials 55 and 56. The length is substantially the same as (the axial length of the seal portion 54), and is determined by the distance S2 between the seal materials 55 and 56. That is, if the distance S2 between the sealing materials 55 and 56 is increased, the axial length L of the fastening portion T where the fastening member 4 is crimped to the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b of the fastened members 2 and 3 is also increased. It is designed to be fastened stably and firmly.

≪Configuration of high-pressure liquid supply source and high-pressure piping≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the high-pressure liquid supply source 6 is a supply source for generating and supplying high-pressure liquid to the mandrel seal portion 5. The high-pressure liquid supply source 6 includes, for example, a pump device that converts a liquid such as water or oil into a high-pressure liquid using a hydraulic pump.
The high-pressure pipe 8 is a pipe for sending the high-pressure liquid generated by the high-pressure liquid supply source 6 to the injection apparatus 7. One end of the high-pressure pipe 8 is connected to the high-pressure liquid supply source 6 and the other end is connected to the injection apparatus 7. Consists of.

≪Injection device configuration≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the injection device 7 is equipped with a mandrel seal portion 5 and a high-pressure pipe 8, and operates a switch button (not shown) so that the high-pressure liquid sent from the high-pressure pipe 8 is sent to the mandrel seal portion. 5 is a device that performs an operation to send to the device. The injection device 7 is formed with a handle portion 7a for an operator to hold by hand. The handle portion 7a is a two-handed type when used for a large fastening member 4, and may be a one-handed type when used for a small fastening member 4.

[Action]
Next, the operation of the fastening device and the fastening method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Description will be made by taking as an example a case in which the joining member 4 is made to be held for 2 seconds at a water pressure of about 150 MPa.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a of the fastened members 2 and 3 to be connected are matched. The fastening member 4 is inserted into the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a. Next, the mandrel body 51 is inserted into the mandrel insertion hole 4 e of the fastening member 4, and the high pressure liquid supplied from the high pressure liquid supply source 6 is injected into the mandrel seal portion 5 by operating the switch button of the injection device 7.

  The high-pressure liquid is sealed in the seal portion 54 from the high-pressure channel 53 in the mandrel main body 51 through the discharge port 51b. For this reason, the inside of the seal part 54 that forms the sealed space becomes a high-pressure chamber, and the inner cylinder surface 4c of the fastening member 4 facing the seal part 54 is pressed radially outward by the high-pressure liquid to expand its diameter. The outer cylindrical surface 4b of the fastening member 4 is crimped and fixed to the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b of the fastened members 2 and 3 by being plastically deformed. In other words, the fastening member 4 is plastically deformed to a state where the diameter has been expanded by the pressure of the high-pressure liquid and the deformation stops, and the fastened members 2 and 3 are pressed by the fastening member 4 and elastically deformed to return to the original state. The fastening state in which the fastening member 4 and the fastened members 2 and 3 are in pressure contact with each other by the contraction force to be maintained is maintained.

  At this time, the sealing materials 55 and 56 in the original positions shown in FIG. 3A are pressed by the high-pressure liquid because the high-pressure liquid is sealed in the seal portion 54 to be in a high-pressure state, and the annular material is annular. The grooves 51c and 51d move outward in the axial direction (in the directions of arrows a and b) away from the discharge port 51b. For this reason, the distance S1 between the sealing materials 55 and 56 is increased to the distance S2, and accordingly, the length L in the axial direction of the fastening portion T for crimping the fastening member 4 to the fastened members 2 and 3 is also increased.

  In this way, the fastening member 4 that is a rivet is subjected to diameter-expansion molding by the hydraulic energy of the high-pressure liquid in the seal portion 54 (high-pressure chamber) that has been increased in pressure, and the fastening members 2 and 3 that are workpieces The outer cylindrical surface 4b comes into pressure contact with the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b of the fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a. In other words, when the high pressure state in the seal portion 54 is maintained for about 2 seconds, the fastening member 4 is strongly pressed against the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b of the fastened members 2 and 3 and is deformed to the plastic region. The clearance between the fastened members 2 and 3 is filled, and the fastened members 2 and 3 are fixed. Thus, since the fastening device 1 can send the high-pressure liquid to the mandrel body 51 in an instant and fasten it instantly, the enforcement time can be greatly shortened.

After the switch button of the injection device 7 is turned OFF to release the pressure in the high-pressure channel 53 and the seal portion 54, the interaction between the plastically deformed fastening member 4 and the elastic force of the fastened members 2 and 3 occurs. In addition, a contact residual stress is generated between the fastening member 4 and the fastened members 2 and 3, and the firmly fixed state is maintained. In addition, after the fastening, the seal members 55 and 56 are depressurized in the seal portion 54, so that the seal members 55 and 56 move in the annular grooves 51c and 51d toward the direction closer to the discharge port 51b and return to their original positions (FIG. 3 ( c)).
The energy with which the high-pressure liquid presses the inner cylindrical surface 4c of the seal portion 54 acts on the inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b of the fastened members 2 and 3 evenly, so that the outer tubular surface 4b of the fastening member 4 is fastened to the fastened member. It is firmly joined to the second and third inner wall surfaces 2b and 3b.

In addition, after fastening, the mandrel body 51 is formed by expanding the fastening member 4, greatly expanding the inner diameter of the fastening member 4, and returning the sealing materials 55, 56 to the enlarged diameter part, The frictional resistance is reduced, and the fastening member 4 can be easily extracted from the mandrel insertion hole 4e.
In addition, when fastening the thing whose diameter of the fastening member 4 or the to-be-fastened members 2 and 3 is further thickened, while adjusting the hydraulic pressure of the high pressure liquid supply source 6, the magnitude | size of the mandrel main body 51 is made into a fastening member. If it is adapted to the diameter of 4, an optimum joining force can be obtained.

In this way, the fastening device 1 uses a fastening method that utilizes hydraulic pressure, so that it is not necessary to hold down the rivet from the opposite surface, which was necessary for the conventional rivet enforcement, thus simplifying the rivet fastening operation. To improve workability.
For this reason, the fastening device 1 can always obtain a stable fastening force even if the fastening member 4 is attached to the fastened members 2 and 3 and the fastened members 2 and 3 are coupled to each other. The rivet fastening work which is not influenced by the skill of can be obtained.

  Further, since the fastening device 1 expands the fastening member 4 with hydrostatic pressure, torque management is not required as compared with the fastening work using bolts and nuts, and the whole work is simplified accordingly. And since the fastening device 1 does not generate | occur | produce a vibration, a noise, and a heat | fever during a fastening operation | work, it does not exert influence of a heat | fever etc. on the fastening location, and can also reduce an operator's burden.

[First Modification]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea. The present invention extends to these modifications and changes. Of course. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a first modification of the fastening device and the fastening method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  Even if the mandrel insertion hole 4e of the fastening member 4 (see FIG. 2) described in the embodiment is formed in the bottomed mandrel insertion hole 4Ae as in the fastening member 4A shown in FIG. In addition, the fastening member 4A can be crimped to the fastened members 2A and 3A, and it may be either a through hole or a blind hole.

[Second Modification]
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a second modification of the fastening device and the fastening method according to the embodiment of the present invention. The fastened members 2 and 3 (see FIG. 2) described in the above embodiment only need to be provided with fastening member insertion holes 2a and 3a, each of which has a different shape, a different material, or the same material. It does not matter even if it is between each other. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, the material of the fastened members 2B and 3B is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, carbon fibers and glass fibers in addition to light alloys such as aluminum alloys, steel plates, and copper plates. It may be a synthetic resin such as a synthetic resin, epoxy glass, or reinforced plastic.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fastening member 4 </ b> B may be a metal tubular member having no flange 4 d (see FIG. 2) or a tube-shaped member. In addition, when connecting the to-be-fastened members 2B and 3B other than metal, the pressure of a high pressure liquid is adjusted suitably.

[Third Modification]
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a third modification of the fastening device and the fastening method according to the embodiment of the present invention. Further, the fastening member 4 </ b> C may be formed by forming a groove or a convex portion 4 </ b> Ca in the fastening portion T. In this way, when the groove or convex portion 4Ca is formed in the fastening portion T, the fastening member 4C is firmly fixed so that the groove or convex portion 4Ca does not move by being pressed against the member to be fastened (not shown). can do.

[Fourth Modification]
FIG. 7: is a figure which shows the 4th modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the state before fastening, (b) is after fastening. It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows a state. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 7A, 7 </ b> B, and 8, the fastened members 2 </ b> D and 3 </ b> D may have grooves 2 </ b> Da and 3 </ b> Da formed in the fastening portion T. In this way, if the fastening members 2D and 3D are formed with the grooves 2Da and 3Da in the fastening portion T, the fastening member 4D bites into the grooves 2Da and 3Da when the fastening member 4D is fastened by the high-pressure liquid. Thus, the projecting portion 4Da is formed, and the fastening force between the fastening member 4D and the fastened members 2D and 3D is improved, and it can be firmly fixed so as not to move.

[Fifth Modification]
FIG. 9 is a view showing a fifth modification of the fastening device and the fastening method according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state before fastening. FIG. 10: is a figure which shows the 5th modification of the fastening apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and a fastening method, and is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the state after fastening.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.9 and FIG.10, the to-be-fastened member 2E and the to-be-fastened member 3E may connect with the fastening member 4E in the state which provided the clearance gap H between both. Thus, when there is a gap H between the fastened members 2E and 3E, when the diameter of the fastening member 4E is increased with high-pressure liquid, the outside of the portion where the gap H of the fastening member 4E is in a spatial state. Since it is not supported by the to-be-fastened members 2E and 3E, it swells greatly in the outward direction to form a bulging portion 4Ea. The bulging portion 4Ea is formed in a state of bulging in an annular shape in the outer circumferential direction, and enters the gap H. For this reason, the fastening member 4E is prevented from moving in the axial direction by the bulging portion 4Ea being locked in the gap H, and is firmly fixed to the fastened members 2E and 3E, and does not fall off.

[Other variations]
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the high-pressure liquid used in the fastening device 1 is water has been described as an example. However, when the fastening member 4 is formed of a hollow rivet having a small diameter or a rivet made of a soft material. Alternatively, air pressure may be used.

In addition, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the cross-sectional shape was used as the fastening member 4, the cross-sectional shape of the fastening member 4 is not limited to a circle. For example, the fastening member 4 may be a rectangular tube having a square cross-sectional shape.
In addition, the fastening member insertion hole 3a is formed on the bottom of one (tip side) of the plurality of members to be fastened 2 and 3, which is disposed on the tip side of the mandrel seal portion 5 (the tip side). Also good.

Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the sealing materials 55 and 56 which consist of O rings as an enclosure means were inserted in the mandrel main body 51, it is not limited to this. The sealing materials 55 and 56 only need to have sealing properties, and may be, for example, packing, a rubber tube-like (cylindrical) member having a square cross section, or the like.
Further, the mandrel seal portion 5 has been described by taking as an example the one attached to the injection device 7 that the operator holds by hand. However, the mandrel seal portion 5 may be provided in the automatic machine body and reciprocated by a motor or the like. Good.

It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the fastening apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the fastening apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows a state when a fastening member is fastened to several to-be-fastened members by a mandrel seal part. It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows a motion of the sealing material of the fastening apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows a state when inserting a mandrel seal part in a fastening member, (b) is The figure which shows a state when a high pressure liquid is press-fitted in a mandrel seal part, (c) is a figure which shows a state when it has finished fastening a fastening member to a to-be-fastened member. It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the 1st modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the 2nd modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the 3rd modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 4th modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concern on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the state before fastening, (b) shows the state after fastening. It is a principal part expanded sectional view. It is an enlarged view of the B section of Drawing 7 (b). It is a figure which shows the 5th modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concern on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the state before fastening. It is a figure which shows the 5th modification of the fastening apparatus and fastening method which concern on embodiment of this invention, and is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the state after fastening.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fastening device 2,2A-2E, 3,3A-3E Fastened member 2a, 3a Fastening member insertion hole 2b, 3b Inner wall surface 4,4A-4E Fastening member 4a Cylindrical part 4b Outer cylindrical surface 4Ca Groove or convex part 5 Mandrel Seal part 6 High pressure liquid supply source 51 Mandrel body 51a Outer peripheral surface 51b Discharge port 51c, 51d Annular groove 52 Injection part 53 High pressure flow path 54 Seal part 55, 56 Sealing material L Length of fastening part in the axial direction T Fastening part

Claims (5)

A plurality of plate-shaped workpieces of repeated, with the fastening device for fastening with a cylindrical fastening member inserted into the fastening member insertion hole formed in a plurality of plate-like workpieces overlaid the And
A mandrel seal portion inserted into a cylindrical portion formed in the fastening member and having a discharge port on the outer peripheral surface for discharging high pressure liquid into the cylindrical portion;
A high-pressure liquid supply source for supplying the high-pressure liquid to the mandrel seal part;
An annular seal material fitted to both sides of the discharge port in the axial direction of the mandrel seal part, and
At least one of the fastening portion of the fastening member or the fastening portion of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members fastened by the fastening portion is formed with a groove or a convex portion,
The fastening member is expanded in diameter by the high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port, and an outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member is an inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members. Pressed by
The fastening device is characterized in that the groove or the convex portion is joined in a state of being bitten into a fastening portion of the fastening member or a fastened portion of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members. The mandrel seal portion has a mandrel body having a high-pressure channel communicating with the discharge port,
An injection part into which the high-pressure liquid is injected from the high-pressure liquid supply source;
The high-pressure liquid discharged from the discharge port is placed between the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel main body and the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of plate-like members to be fastened and the two sealing materials. The fastening device according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing portion to be sealed. In the stacked plate-like fastened members, a gap is formed between the fastened member and the fastened member so that a bulging portion of the fastened member expanded by the high-pressure liquid enters. The fastening device according to claim 1, wherein: A fastening method of fastening a plurality of plate-like plurality of plate-like workpieces overlaid the by the cylindrical fastening member inserted into the fastening member insertion hole formed in the workpieces overlaid,
At least one of the fastening portion of the fastening member or the fastening portion of the plurality of stacked plate-like fastening members fastened by the fastening portion is formed with a groove or a convex portion,
Inserting the fastening member into the fastening member insertion hole of the stacked plate-like fastened members,
The diameter of the cylindrical portion of the fastening member is increased by a high-pressure liquid supplied from a high-pressure liquid supply source,
By pressing the outer cylindrical surface of the fastening member against the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the overlapped plate-like members to be fastened, the groove or the convex portion is fastened to the fastening member. moiety, or, fastening methods are joined in a state of biting into the fastened portion of the plurality of plate-shaped workpieces that the superimposed, characterized in that for connecting a plurality of plate-like workpieces which said superimposed. An outer cylindrical surface of a cylindrical fastening member inserted into a fastening member insertion hole formed in a plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members is discharged from a mandrel seal portion inserted into the cylindrical portion of the fastening member. The plurality of stacked plate-like members to be tightened by expanding the diameter with a high-pressure liquid from a high-pressure liquid supply source and pressing the inner wall surface of the fastening member insertion hole of the plurality of stacked plate-like members to be fastened. A fastening method for fastening
The fastening member insertion hole is formed in the bottom only in the fastened member disposed on the tip side of the mandrel seal portion among the plurality of stacked plate-like fastened members, and the other mandrel seal portions other than that The to-be-fastened member disposed on the base end side is formed by penetrating the fastening member insertion hole,
The tube portion of the fastening member is inserted into the fastening member insertion hole of the fastened member on the base end side of the mandrel seal portion, and further, the fastening member insertion of the fastened member on the distal end side of the mandrel seal portion is inserted. Let me insert it into the hole
A fastening method comprising connecting the fastened member having the penetrated fastening member insertion hole and the fastened member having the bottomed fastening member insertion hole.

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