JP4881198B2 - Trap net condition control device and trawl fishing method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seine net state control device and a trawl fishing method using the same, and more particularly to a trawl state control device suitable for stabilizing the shape of an opening of the trawl net and a trawl fishing method using the same.

  In general, the trawl fishing method is carried out by navigating the trawl net by navigating the fishing boat at a predetermined speed with the left and right front ends of the trawl net connected to the left and right warps fed from the fishing boat directly or via a spreading device. ing.

  In recent years, trawling has been used not only for the purpose of catching fish but also for collecting fish for the purpose of surveying fishery resources. In this fisheries resource survey, it is desired to improve the accuracy of the collected data by quantitatively collecting fish and the like. For that purpose, it is necessary to keep the shape (opening area) of the opening of the trawl net constant. This is also effective for improving the catch rate in the operation of the normal trawl method for fishing.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-67501 JP 63-222633 A

  However, in the conventional trawl fishing method, when the fishing boat tries to change the direction of the purse seine according to the change of the school of fish, the shape of the opening of the trawl changes and the area of the opening decreases. There were inconveniences that it became impossible and the accuracy of the collected data was inferior, and that the catch rate decreased. This is because when the fishing boat turns, the tension of the warp in the turning direction is lower than the tension of the other warp, and the balance of the left and right tensions acting on the trawl becomes uneven and the shape of the trawl opening changes. It is to do. Further, the shape of the opening of the trawl net also changes when the tide changes, the ship speed changes, or various seine net conditions change in a complex manner.

Further, in the case of towing against the trawl on the seabed, in the case where abnormal tension warp is applied for some reason such as that the trawl is caught on the seabed section, quickly and properly detects these abnormal It was difficult to deal with.

  The present invention has been made in view of these points, and the shape of the opening of the trawl net can be kept substantially constant even when the net mesh conditions change, and the accuracy of the resource survey can be improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a seine net state control device that can improve the catch rate and can quickly and appropriately cope with abnormal warp tension applied to the warp, and a trawl fishing method using the same. .

In order to achieve the above object, the seine net state control device of the present invention includes a trawl winch that independently feeds the left and right warps of the trawl net, and tension of each warp for detecting the operation state of each warp. a warp sensor rotation sensor is incorporated for detecting the feeding line length and feeding linear speed of the tension sensor and the warp is detected, the automatic towing operation in accordance with the operation state information of each warp detected by the warp sensor Zhang force of the left and right warp relative to the trawl winch to control the setting state indicated by the reference warp tension and the reference warp length set in advance towing state of the trawl net within the allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension each well as so as to be held so as to hold the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp in the allowable range And having a winch controller for commanding the winding feeding the-loop. According to the present invention, the winch controller controls the trawl net state of the trawl net to a set state indicated by a preset reference warp tension and reference warp length according to the operation state information of each warp detected by the warp sensor. wherein directing the feeding winding of each warp respect trawl winches to the trawl winch by unwinding winding rows Ukoto of the left and right warp in response to the command content, always the reference tension force of the left and right warp the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp is held within the allowable range for the warp tension is retained in allowable range, the reference warp tension and the reference warp length towing state of the trawl is preset The predetermined setting state shown is maintained. As a result, the shape of the opening of the trawl net is kept constant.

The trawl fishing method of the present invention according to claim 2 includes a trawl winch that independently feeds the right and left warps of the trawl net, and a tension that detects the tension of each warp for detecting the operating state of each warp. a warp sensor rotation sensor for detecting the feeding line length and feeding linear speed of the sensor and the warp is built, the trawl net during automatic towing operation in accordance with the operation state information of each warp detected by the warp sensor Zhang force of the left and right warp relative to the trawl winch to control the setting state indicated by the reference warp tension and the reference warp length set in advance towing state so as to be held within the allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension as well as to each warp so as to hold the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp in the allowable range feeding In trawl fishing method for towing the trawl with towing state control device having a winch controller for commanding the winding, said Zhang force of the left and right warp relative to the trawl winch by the winch controller in the automatic seine operation the setting state of the towing state of the trawl by performing an instruction so as to hold the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp in the allowable range as well as to be held within the permissible range with respect to the reference warp tension A trawl net is screened so as to be held. According to the present invention, as in the first aspect, the trawl net state of the trawl net is reliably held at a predetermined set state, and the shape of the opening of the trawl net is held constant.

  As described above, the seine net state control device of the present invention and the trawl fishing method using the same are constructed and operate, so that the shape of the opening of the trawl net is kept substantially constant even when the trawl conditions change. It is possible to improve the accuracy of the stock survey, to improve the catch rate, and to respond promptly and appropriately even when abnormal tension acts on the warp.

With further described, in the present invention, the trawl winches, and warp sensor, provided with a winch controller, tension sensor and the detecting the tension of the warp to the warp sensor for detecting the operating state of each warp formed by incorporating a rotary sensor which detects the feeding line length and feeding linear speed of the warp, towing of the trawl net during automatic towing operation in accordance with the operation state information of each warp detected winch controller by warp sensor so as to hold the tension forces of the left and right warp within an allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension to the trawl winch to control the setting state indicated by the reference warp tension and the reference warp length set the state in advance each warp so as to hold the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp in the allowable range with Unwinding winding formed so as to direct the, right and left as well as so as to hold the tension forces of the left and right warp within an allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension to the trawl winch automatic haul operation by the winch controller it is to haul the trawl so as to hold the difference in length and the length of the warp setting state towing state of the trawl by performing an instruction to be held within the allowable range.

Therefore, in the present invention, so as to hold the tension forces of the left and right warp in the allowable range difference in length and the length of the left and right warp while so as to be held within the allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension By instructing the pay-out of each warp, a smooth automatic trawl operation can be performed and a trawl operation with high fishing efficiency can be performed. Specifically, and when the fishing boat is turning to the right or left, tidal changes, or boat speed may change, a variety of towing conditions in the case of changes in a complex manner also, Zhang force of the left and right warp since the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp causes held within the allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension can be held within the allowable range, also according to the present invention in the case of any operating conditions For example, the shape of the opening of the trawl net can be kept substantially constant. In particular, since the resistance force acting on the trawl net is different between the middle layer and the bottom layer of the sea layer that traverses the trawl net, the control contents such as the size of the allowable range, the warp feed speed and the hoisting speed are respectively set. Therefore, it is possible to perform a smooth automatic grid operation by setting an appropriate value according to the situation.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a fishing boat 1, and a trawl winch 3 is installed on a deck 2. The trawl winch 3 has left and right warps 5L, 5R connected to the front left and right ends of the trawl net 4 via network spreaders (Otter boards in this example) 15L, 15R and hand nets 4'L, 4'R. The left and right drums 6L and 6R are coaxially provided so that the right and left drums 6L and 6R are integrally rotated together when the synchronization clutch 7 is turned on, and the left and right drums 6L and 6R are turned left and right when the synchronization clutch 7 is turned off. The drums 6L and 6R are formed to be independently rotated. The trawl winch 3 in the present embodiment is formed to be driven with the hydraulic pressure supplied from the drums 6L and 6R from the hydraulic pumps 8L and 8R, which are driving sources, through the hydraulic flow paths 9L and 9R. Each hydraulic pump 8L, 8R is rotationally driven by the same electric motor 10 in this embodiment, and adjusts the hydraulic pressure applied to each drum 6L, 6R in each hydraulic flow path 9L, 9R. Electromagnetic relief valves 11L and 11R, one or a plurality of electromagnetic valves 12L and 12R for opening and closing the respective hydraulic flow paths 9L and 9R, and brake valves 13L and 13R are installed. Each of the warps 5L and 5R is led out through top rollers 14L and 14R provided at the stern, and otter boards 15L and 15R as a network expansion device are provided at a connection portion with the trawl net 4. In the present embodiment, as the warp sensor for detecting the operation state of each warp 5L, 5R, the tension sensor 16L including a load cell for detecting the approximate tension of each warp 5L, 5R on each top roller 14L, 14R, 16R and rotation sensors 17L and 17R for detecting the feed line length and feed line speed of 5L and 5R of each warp are incorporated, and the load pressures of the hydraulic pumps 8L and 8R are supplied to the hydraulic flow paths 9L and 9R, respectively. Pressure sensors 18L and 18R for detecting, and drum rotation sensors 19L and 19R for detecting the presence or absence of a slight rotation of the drums 6L and 6R are provided. Each of these sensors outputs detection data to the winch controller 20 as shown in FIG. The winch controller 20 controls the trawl winch 3 with respect to the trawl winch 3 so as to control the trawl net state of the trawl net 4 to a predetermined set state according to the operation state information of the warps 5L and 5R detected by the sensors. The warp 5L, 5R is formed so as to command the winding. Specifically, a command is sent from the winch controller 20 to the hydraulic pumps 8L and 8R, the electromagnetic relief valves 11L and 11R, and the brake valves 13L and 13R. A display 21 is connected to the winch controller 20 so that various types of information are displayed. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the winch controller 20 generates and displays a tension display, a line length display, a line speed display, a reference mesh tension display, an abnormality alarm display, and an abnormality alarm buzzer. A display 21 displays each content. Further, the winch controller 20 is configured so that a command can be input by various external input means such as a screen start push button, an operation switching button, and a keyboard (not shown).

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

The principle of the trawl fishing method in this embodiment is controlled so as not to change the shape of the opening of the trawl net 4 by maintaining the tension acting on the left and right warps 5L, 5R substantially equal. In order to keep the tension acting on the left and right warps 5L and 5R substantially equal, in the present embodiment, the current state of the tension acting on the left and right warps 5L and 5R is determined based on information detected by the warp sensor. Then, the operating state of the trawl winch 3 is adjusted by the winch controller 20 so that the tension acting on the left and right warps 5L, 5R is maintained substantially equal. Specifically, the trawl net 4 is put into the sea, the trawl net 4 is traversed with the reference warp length and the reference warp tension as one set state, and the operation state is maintained so as to maintain the reference warp tension at this time. Control. In this embodiment, the warp tension is maintained by maintaining the oil pressure supplied to the trawl winch 3 substantially constant. Therefore, the reference oil pressure is maintained when the reference warp length is obtained. This is performed by adjusting the pressure of the relief valves 11L and 11R. In addition, when the warp tension is maintained based on the pressure, the warp length will change, but the change cannot be made completely free, so the warp length is monitored and the warp length is adjusted. Try to keep it within an acceptable range.

  Next, the trawl fishing method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 3, time progresses from left to right, and the warp tension is shown in the upper half, and the warp discharge amount (feeding length, warp length) is shown in the lower half.

1 Troll network 4 input (operation before t0)
First, the trawl net 4 is put into the sea and brought into a reference state.

  Specifically, the trawl net 4 is inserted in a state where the synchronization clutch 7 of the trawl winch 3 is turned on, and both warps 5L and 5R are extended to the reference warp length. Thereafter, the brake valves 13L and 13R are turned on to stop both the drums 6L and 6R, and the ship is operated so that the warp tension becomes substantially the reference tension.

2 Preparation operation (operation before t0)
Next, the synchronization clutch 7 is turned off, and the left and right warp lengths are finely adjusted as necessary. And the electric motor 10 is operated and the driving | operation of both hydraulic pumps 8L and 8R is started.

3 Automatic meshing operation The automatic meshing pushbutton is turned on at t0 to start automatic meshing operation, and the reference warp tension, reference oil pressure and warp length are tension sensors 16L and 16R pressure sensors 18L that are warp sensors by t1. , 18R and rotation sensors 17L, 17R are output to the winch controller 20 and stored. Since these reference data change slightly, it is measured as an average value within a predetermined sampling time. When the automatic screen pushbutton is turned on, the brake valves 13 and L13R are automatically turned off, the electromagnetic valves 12L and 12R are turned on, the both electromagnetic relief valves 11L and 11R are set to the maximum flow rate, and each hydraulic flow path 9L The hydraulic pressure is supplied to the drums 6L and 6R through 9R, and the reference values are detected and stored while the warps 5L and 5R are slightly wound up by the drums 6L and 6R.

Automatic mesh operation after t1 After the reference value is stored, the winch controller 20 monitors the input of the current value from each winch sensor, and each electromagnetic relief valve is maintained so that the warp tension is kept within the allowable range. By issuing the 11L and 11R commands, the tensions of the warps 5L and 5R are controlled to be substantially equal and uniform.

  For example, after t1 to t2, t3 to t4, t5 to t6, t7 to t8, and t9 after the warp tension is maintained within an allowable range, the feeding lengths of both warps 5L and 5R are not changed. To be. Further, at t2 to t3 and t8 to t9 when the warp tension changes in the increasing direction, the drum on the warp side where the warp tension is increasing (one or both cases) is loosened. The warp is fed out to keep the warp tension at an allowable value. Also, at t6 to t7, when the warp tension changes in a decreasing direction, the warp side (which may be one or both cases) where the warp tension is decreasing is wound up to roll up the warp. Thus, the warp tension is kept at an allowable value.

  As a result, the tensions of the warps 5L and 5R are always maintained at an allowable value, and the shape of the opening of the trawl net 4 can be maintained almost constant even when the net mesh conditions change, and the accuracy of the resource survey is increased. Can increase the catch rate.

  As described above, when the warp tension is about to fall outside the allowable range, when the fishing boat turns to the right or left, the tidal current changes, the boat speed changes, and various seine conditions are combined. In any case, according to the present invention, the shape of the opening of the trawl net 4 can be held almost constant. In particular, since the resistance force acting on the trawl net 4 is different between the middle layer and the bottom layer of the marine layer traversing the trawl net 4, the control contents such as the size of the allowable range, the warp feeding speed and the hoisting speed, etc. It is good to work by setting to an appropriate value according to each.

  After adjusting the warp tension as described above or after the start of the automatic trawl, the warp tensions of the left and right warps 5L and 5R in the midst of the trawl are almost equal. It is good to operate as follows. In other words, if the tension is within ± 5% of the set reference for both warps 5L and 5R and the warp length does not change and more than 3 minutes have passed, the warp on the side away from the warp length at the start of the seine is removed. Forcibly tune to the length of the other warp, or when the difference in warp length is within 2 m, the net is continued as it is.

  In order to end the automatic meshing operation after t9, the automatic meshing push button is turned OFF. As a result, the brake valves 13L and 13R are automatically turned off, the electric motor 10 is also automatically turned off, both the hydraulic pumps 8L and 8R are stopped, the synchronous clutch 7 is turned on, and a separate hoisting drive source is installed. Both drums 6L are driven 6R, and both warps 5L, 5R and trawl 4 are wound up.

  In the following cases, the automatic grid operation is temporarily suspended.

  For example, the first is when the warps 5L and 5R are displaced by 50 m or more from the seine net starting position, and the second is when the displacement between the left and right warps 5L and 5R is 20 m. In these cases, the automatic trawl operation is cut off temporarily, and the warps 5L and 5R are returned to the trawl start position within the set warp tension, and the automatic trawl is started again.

  In these cases, when the correction is performed automatically, the warp that is farther from the warp length at the time of starting the grid among the left and right warps 5L and 5R is set as the correction target, and the winding correction or the feeding correction is performed. Select. In the case of the winding correction, the warp is wound up by increasing the flow rate of the electromagnetic relief valve. When the lengths of both the warps 5L and 5R are equal, the winding is stopped and returned to the automatic mesh. In the case of the feed correction, the warp is fed with the flow rate of the electromagnetic relief valve being equal to or less than the stored flow rate, and the feed is stopped when the lengths of both the warps 5L and 5R are equal and returned to the automatic mesh. As another automatic correction method, the automatic grid setting method from t0 to t9 may be performed again based on any warp length.

  When these corrections are performed manually, the temporary interrupt push button is turned on, both electromagnetic valves 12L and 12R are turned off, both brake valves 13L and 13R are turned on, and both electromagnetic relief valves 11L and 11R are turned on. Set the flow rate below the stored flow rate and return both warps 5L and 5R to the start length of the mesh screen, then turn on the mesh screen push button, turn off both brake valves 13L and 13R, and turn on both solenoid valves 12L and 12R. , Resume automatic grid operation.

  In the following cases, automatic grid operation is stopped.

  For example, when the warp feed length is changed in a manual or automatic lifting net, or when the warp deviation exceeds an initial set value.

Also, when the warp tension becomes the magnitude of the abnormal tension, the automatic screen is released immediately. For example, when the trawl 4 is caught by an obstacle on the seabed, the tension sensors 16L and 16R and the pressure sensors 18L and 18R detect this. In the present embodiment, an alarm is issued when the abnormal tension (above the set load) is 10 seconds or more, or when the warp feed linear speed is 20 m / min, the ship speed is stopped, and the automatic screen release pushbutton is automatically activated. ON manually or manually. Thereafter, by removing the cause of the abnormal tension, it is possible to quickly and appropriately cope with the abnormal tension applied to the warps 5L and 5R, and to prevent the trawl net 4 from being damaged.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can change as needed.

The perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the seine net state control apparatus of this invention The front view which shows an example of the winch controller used for the sash net state control apparatus of this invention The time chart which shows one example of the trawl fishing method of this invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fishing boat 3 Troll winch 4 Troll net 5L, 5R Warp 6L, 6R Drum 8L, 8R Hydraulic pump 11L, 11R Electromagnetic relief valve 16L, 16R Tension sensor 17L, 17R Rotation sensor 18L, 18R Pressure sensor 19L, 19R Drum rotation sensor 20 winch Controller

Claims (2)

A trawl winch that independently feeds the left and right warps of the trawl, and
A warp sensor rotation sensor for detecting the feeding line lengths and unwinding linear speed of the tension sensor and the warp detecting the tension of the warp for detecting the operating state of each warp is built,
The trawl so as to control the trawl state of the trawl net to a set state indicated by a preset reference warp tension and reference warp length during automatic trawl operation according to the operation status information of each warp detected by the warp sensor. each warp so as to hold the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp in the allowable range with Zhang force of the left and right warp against the winch so as to be held within the allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension A winch controller for instructing the unwinding and winding of the screen. A trawl winch that independently feeds the left and right warps of the trawl net, a tension sensor that detects the tension of each warp for detecting the operation state of each warp, and a feed line length and a feed line speed of each warp. a warp sensor rotation sensor for detecting is built, the reference warp tension and the reference warp to preset towing state of the trawl net during automatic towing operation in accordance with the operation state information of each warp detected by the warp sensor the length and the length of the left and right warp while so as to hold the tension forces of the left and right warp within an allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension to the trawl winch to control the setting state indicated by the length difference having a a winch controller for commanding the feeding winding of each warp so as to retain within the allowable range of In trawl fishing method for towing the trawl with towing state controller, to hold the tension forces of the left and right warp relative to the trawl winch by the winch controller in the automatic towing operation within the allowable range with respect to the reference warp tension to haul the trawl net to the difference in length and the length of the left and right warp performed commanded to be held within the permissible range is held in the set state towing state of the trawl net as well as way A trawl fishing method characterized by

Images