JP4870975B2 - Radiation irradiation equipment - Google Patents

Radiation irradiation equipment Download PDF

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JP4870975B2
JP4870975B2 JP2005324231A JP2005324231A JP4870975B2 JP 4870975 B2 JP4870975 B2 JP 4870975B2 JP 2005324231 A JP2005324231 A JP 2005324231A JP 2005324231 A JP2005324231 A JP 2005324231A JP 4870975 B2 JP4870975 B2 JP 4870975B2
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light
tray
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irradiation
radiation
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JP2007132723A (en
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勇一 藤田
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Hitachi Healthcare Manufacturing Ltd
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Hitachi Medical Corp
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Description

本発明は、輸血用血液を封入する血液バック等にX線またはγ線を含む放射線を照射する放射線照射装置に係り、特に血液バッグの厚みによる放射線照射量の補正の技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a radiation irradiation apparatus that irradiates radiation containing X-rays or γ rays to a blood bag or the like that encloses blood for blood transfusion, and more particularly to a technique for correcting the radiation dose by the thickness of a blood bag.

従来の二方向X線照射装置は、特許文献1に記載されたものがある。
このX線照射装置では、第一のX線管装置と、該X線管装置に対面して配置された試料面と、これらが組み込まれたX線を遮蔽する防護室とを具備しているX線照射装置において、第二のX線管装置が試料皿を中間にして第一のX線管装置と対面して防護室に組み込まれ、第二のX線管装置の陰極及び陽極が第一のX線管装置のそれらと互いに逆に配置されているようにすることにより両方のX線管装置によって、試料の両面からX線の照射をして、試料皿を回転させることなく、従来の装置よりも、少ない時間で均一な照射をなすことができるようにさせ、しかも大きな線量を必要とするときにも、入手しやすい小形のX線管によって、必要とする照射量を得ることができるようにさせたものである。
実公平7-43679号公報
A conventional bi-directional X-ray irradiation apparatus is described in Patent Document 1.
This X-ray irradiation apparatus includes a first X-ray tube apparatus, a sample surface arranged to face the X-ray tube apparatus, and a protective chamber that shields the X-rays in which these are incorporated. In the X-ray irradiation device, the second X-ray tube device is installed in the protective chamber facing the first X-ray tube device with the sample dish in the middle, and the cathode and anode of the second X-ray tube device are the first one. Conventionally without rotating the sample pan by irradiating X-rays from both sides of the sample by both X-ray tube devices by making them arranged opposite to each other in one X-ray tube device Compared to the above equipment, it is possible to achieve uniform irradiation in less time, and even when a large dose is required, a small X-ray tube that can be easily obtained can provide the required irradiation dose. It was made to be able to do it.
No. 7-43679

従来の二方向X線照射装置では、専用トレイ内の血流バッグの厚みの計測と厚みに応じた線量スイッチの選択は、操作者が行うものであり、選択された線量スイッチと実際に専用トレイ内に搭載された血液バッグの厚みとが適正か否かをチェックする機能が装置側に無いため、操作者の誤操作に対応することに配慮されていなかった。   In the conventional two-way X-ray irradiation apparatus, the operator performs measurement of the thickness of the blood flow bag in the dedicated tray and selection of the dose switch corresponding to the thickness. Since there is no function on the device side to check whether the thickness of the blood bag mounted in the device is appropriate or not, no consideration has been given to handling an operator's erroneous operation.

そこで、本発明の目的は、血液バッグや照射線量の設定に係る操作者による誤操作に対応することが可能な放射線照射装置を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a radiation irradiation apparatus that can cope with an erroneous operation by an operator related to setting of a blood bag and an irradiation dose.

上記目的は、被照射物に放射線を照射する放射線照射部と、この放射照射部の放射線照射方向に設置され前記被照射物を配置するトレイ部とを備えた放射線照射物装置において、前記被照射物の厚みを検出する検出手段と、前記検出された被照射物の厚みに応じて、前記トレイ部に配置された被照射物に所定量の放射線が照射されるように、前記放射線照射部を制御する照射制御手段とを備えたことによって達成される。   The above object is provided in a radiation irradiation apparatus comprising a radiation irradiation unit that irradiates an irradiation object with radiation, and a tray unit that is disposed in a radiation irradiation direction of the irradiation irradiation unit and places the irradiation object. Detecting means for detecting the thickness of the object, and the radiation irradiating unit so that a predetermined amount of radiation is irradiated to the irradiated object arranged on the tray unit in accordance with the detected thickness of the irradiated object. This is achieved by providing irradiation control means for controlling.

本発明によれば、血液バッグの照射量の設定に係る操作者による誤操作に対応することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can respond to the misoperation by the operator who concerns on the setting of the irradiation amount of a blood bag.

以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。なお、発明の実施の形態を説明するための全図において、同一機能を有するものは同一符号を付け、その繰り返しの説明は省略する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment of the invention, and the repetitive description thereof is omitted.

図1を使用して、血液バッグ厚検出機能付血液照射装置で使用する専用トレイ(以下、厚み検出機能用トレイとする。)の構造を説明する。厚み検出機能用トレイは、160mm厚以下の厚み検出機能用トレイ1と30mm厚以下の厚み検出機能用トレイ2の2種類準備する。これら、2種類の厚み検出機能用トレイの違いは、図1に示すとおり、厚みのみである。   The structure of a dedicated tray (hereinafter referred to as a thickness detection function tray) used in the blood irradiation apparatus with a blood bag thickness detection function will be described with reference to FIG. Two types of thickness detection function trays are prepared: a thickness detection function tray 1 having a thickness of 160 mm or less and a thickness detection function tray 2 having a thickness of 30 mm or less. The difference between these two types of thickness detection function trays is only the thickness as shown in FIG.

以下、厚み検出用トレイの構造、材質を説明する。
厚み検出機能用トレイは、上蓋部4とトレイ部7に分かれている。上蓋部4は、A-A断面図に示すように外枠4aと蓋4bと外枠4cで構成され、蓋4bを上下の外枠で挟み込みねじ止めされている。
一方 トレイ部7は、円筒部7aと底板7bと外枠7cで構成され、上蓋4同様、円筒部7aと底枠7cに底板7bを挟み込んでねじ止めとしている。両者とも十分な強度が得られれば、ねじ止めではなく接着でも構わない。外枠4aと外枠4cと円筒部7aと底枠7cの材質は、放射線に十分耐えれるもので軽量な材質が望ましい。例えば、アルミや耐放射線性に優れたポリイミド系の樹脂が良い。アクリル材等も良い。蓋4bと底板7bは、X線吸収の少なく強度がある材質が良い。
Hereinafter, the structure and material of the thickness detection tray will be described.
The thickness detection function tray is divided into an upper lid part 4 and a tray part 7. As shown in the AA cross-sectional view, the upper lid portion 4 includes an outer frame 4a, a lid 4b, and an outer frame 4c. The lid 4b is sandwiched between upper and lower outer frames and screwed.
On the other hand, the tray portion 7 is composed of a cylindrical portion 7a, a bottom plate 7b, and an outer frame 7c. Like the upper cover 4, the tray portion 7 is sandwiched between the cylindrical portion 7a and the bottom frame 7c and screwed. If both have sufficient strength, they may be bonded instead of screwed. The material of the outer frame 4a, the outer frame 4c, the cylindrical portion 7a, and the bottom frame 7c is preferably a lightweight material that can sufficiently withstand radiation. For example, aluminum or polyimide resin excellent in radiation resistance is preferable. Acrylic materials are also good. The lid 4b and the bottom plate 7b are preferably made of a material having little X-ray absorption and strength.

本実施例においては、カーボン板とする。従来の専用トレイは、上蓋が無かったため、血液バッグ3のチューブ類3aが、しばしば専用トレイの外に、はみ出すことがあった。専用トレイの外側は、照射野外になる可能性があるため、厚み検出機能用トレイは、蓋付きとし、着実にトレイ内にチューブ類が納まるようにすることにした。また、血液バッグ3を何個か重ねて搭載する場合において、重ねた血液バッグのトータルの厚みが、トレイ7の厚みより少し厚い場合、血液バッグの一番厚い部位は、設定した線量が照射されない可能性がある。このため、必ず、血液バッグのトータルの厚みがトレイの厚み以内になるように上蓋4にロック機構5を設け、血液バッグを押さえつけられる構造としている。   In this embodiment, a carbon plate is used. Since the conventional dedicated tray has no upper cover, the tubes 3a of the blood bag 3 often protrude outside the dedicated tray. Since there is a possibility that the outside of the dedicated tray may be outside the irradiation field, the thickness detection function tray is provided with a lid so that the tubes are steadily accommodated in the tray. In addition, when several blood bags 3 are mounted in piles, if the total thickness of the stacked blood bags is slightly thicker than the thickness of the tray 7, the thickest part of the blood bag is not irradiated with the set dose. there is a possibility. For this reason, the lock mechanism 5 is provided on the upper lid 4 so that the total thickness of the blood bag is within the thickness of the tray, so that the blood bag can be pressed down.

本実施形態では、市販されているパチン錠を設けている。ロックが容易にできるように円筒部7には、位置決めピン6が設けてあり、上蓋部4にはピンに合わせて穴が開いている。これらを合わせることにより、ロック機構5の掛け金具5aの位置とロック部(図示しない)の位置を容易に合わせることができる。   In the present embodiment, a commercially available snap lock is provided. The cylindrical portion 7 is provided with a positioning pin 6 so that it can be easily locked, and the upper lid portion 4 has a hole corresponding to the pin. By combining these, the position of the hook 5a of the lock mechanism 5 and the position of the lock portion (not shown) can be easily aligned.

次に図2を用いて血液バッグ厚検出機能について説明する。本発明は血液バッグ厚検出機能が主であるため、従来の二方向X線照射装置の構造、構成、機能、動作については、既に周知のため詳細は記載しない。   Next, the blood bag thickness detection function will be described with reference to FIG. Since the present invention mainly has a blood bag thickness detection function, the structure, configuration, function, and operation of the conventional two-way X-ray irradiation apparatus are already well known and will not be described in detail.

最初に、図2を使用して従来技術との違いを説明する。照射室内平面図略図において、X線照射野25内に30mm厚以下の厚み検出用トレイ2が配置される。従来技術同様、右側にフィルター駆動部12が付加され、フィルター駆動部ベース板12aにプローブ11と準備運転時のトレイ検出と30mm厚以下のトレイを検出するためのセンサ10(受光側)と60mm厚以下のトレイ1を検出するためのセンサ11(受光側)を付加する。センサ101、センサ11の対面側には、投光側のセンサを配置する。ここでは、投光側、受光側の2つのセンサで1組であり、受光側に投光側の光が遮光された時にON信号を出力するセンサを採用しているが、1つのセンサで投光、受光を兼ね、反射光の光量の変化を検出する方式のセンサを採用しても良い。シーケンサ部14にはセンサの信号を受け取るための入力モジュール16を付加する。   First, the difference from the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. In the schematic plan view of the irradiation chamber, a thickness detection tray 2 having a thickness of 30 mm or less is disposed in the X-ray irradiation field 25. As with the prior art, a filter drive unit 12 is added on the right side, and the probe 11 and the sensor 10 (light receiving side) for detecting a tray with a thickness of 30 mm or less and a 60 mm thickness are detected on the filter drive base plate 12a during the preparation operation. A sensor 11 (light receiving side) for detecting the following tray 1 is added. On the side facing the sensors 101 and 11, a light-projecting sensor is disposed. Here, a sensor that outputs an ON signal when the light on the light projecting side is blocked is used on the light receiving side. You may employ | adopt the sensor of the system which serves as light and light reception, and detects the change of the light quantity of reflected light. An input module 16 for receiving sensor signals is added to the sequencer unit 14.

また、CPUモジュール15にバッグ厚の判定を行うためのプログラムを付加する。プログラムの動作を以下に簡単に説明する。準備運転時にセンサ10、センサ11の両方かセンサ11のみONした場合は、準備運転は開始しない。照射時にセンサ10がONした場合は、30mm厚のトレイ2に血液バッグが搭載されたと判断する。また、センサ10と11の両方がONした場合は、60mm厚のトレイ1に血液バッグが搭載されたと判断する。更にCPUモジュール15の判定結果を元にフィルター駆動部12に動作信号を出力するための出力モジュール17を付加する。操作や各種状態を表示させるタッチパネル30を付加し、CPUモジュール15により、制御される。   A program for determining the bag thickness is added to the CPU module 15. The operation of the program is briefly described below. If both sensor 10 and sensor 11 or only sensor 11 is turned ON during the preparatory operation, the preparatory operation does not start. If the sensor 10 is turned on at the time of irradiation, it is determined that a blood bag is mounted on the tray 2 having a thickness of 30 mm. If both the sensors 10 and 11 are turned on, it is determined that a blood bag is mounted on the tray 1 having a thickness of 60 mm. Further, an output module 17 for outputting an operation signal to the filter driving unit 12 based on the determination result of the CPU module 15 is added. A touch panel 30 for displaying operations and various states is added and controlled by the CPU module 15.

本発明の動作例を図2を使用して説明する。厚み検出機能用トレイ2をテーブル20に搭載し、操作盤30または、テーブル搬出入用のフットスイッチやハンドスイッチを使用して、厚み検出専用トレイ2を照射室18の中に搬入する。図中のハッチング部は遮へい材を示す。本実施例では、遮へい材として鉛等を使用する。搬入が完了するとセンサ10とセンサ11の出力信号が入力モジュール16に入力される。   An operation example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The thickness detection tray 2 is mounted on the table 20, and the thickness detection tray 2 is carried into the irradiation chamber 18 using the operation panel 30 or a table switch foot switch or hand switch. The hatched portion in the figure indicates a shielding material. In this embodiment, lead or the like is used as a shielding material. When the loading is completed, the output signals of the sensors 10 and 11 are input to the input module 16.

本一例では主に、30mm厚以下のトレイ1を搭載する場合の動作を記載する。搬入が完了した時に照射装置がX線管の準備運転モードの時は、センサ10aの投光器からの光が遮光されることにより、センサ10がONとなり、ON信号が、シーケンサ部15の入力モジュール16に入力され、CPUモジュール15に情報が伝達される。従来技術同様に、X線管の準備運転時に誤って血液バッグにX線が照射されないように準備運転時にセンサ10もしくはセンサ14を含む両方からON信号が出力された場合は、CPUモジュール15からタッチパネル30にてエラー表示をし、操作者に厚み検出トレイ2を取り出すようにメッセージを表示させる。準備運転が既に完了している場合は、厚み検出用トレイ2により、センサ15の投光器からの光が遮光されることにより、センサ10がONとなり、ON信号がシーケンサ部15の入力モジュール16に入力され、CPUモジュール15に情報が伝達される。センサー14は、遮光するものが無いため、ON信号が出力されない。CPUモジュール15は、この情報により搭載された厚み検出用トレイが30mm厚であることを認識し、出力モジュール17により、フィルター駆動部12を動作させ、厚みに相当したフィルターをプローブ11に被せる。   In this example, the operation when a tray 1 having a thickness of 30 mm or less is mounted is mainly described. When the irradiation device is in the X-ray tube preparation operation mode when the carry-in is completed, the light from the projector of the sensor 10a is shielded, so that the sensor 10 is turned on and the ON signal is input to the input module 16 of the sequencer unit 15. And the information is transmitted to the CPU module 15. As with the prior art, if an ON signal is output from both the sensor 10 or sensor 14 during the preparatory operation, the touch panel from the CPU module 15 prevents the blood bag from being accidentally irradiated with X-rays during the preparatory operation of the X-ray tube. An error is displayed at 30, and a message is displayed to the operator to take out the thickness detection tray 2. If the preparation operation has already been completed, the thickness detection tray 2 blocks the light from the projector of the sensor 15 and the sensor 10 is turned on, and the ON signal is input to the input module 16 of the sequencer unit 15. Then, information is transmitted to the CPU module 15. Since there is nothing that shields the sensor 14, the ON signal is not output. The CPU module 15 recognizes that the thickness detection tray mounted based on this information is 30 mm thick, and operates the filter driving unit 12 by the output module 17 to cover the probe 11 with a filter corresponding to the thickness.

一方、60mm厚以下のトレイを検出する時は、両方のセンサがONとなり、ON信号がシーケンサ部15の入力モジュール16に入力され、CPUモジュール15に情報が伝達される。CPUモジュール15aは、この情報により、出力モジュール17により、フィルター駆動部12を動作させ、厚みに相当したフィルターをプローブ11に被せる。これにより、操作者に依存することなく、装置側で厚み検出及び厚み補正を行うことで、X線量不足の血液が患者に投与されることなく、より安全に照射することができるようになる。   On the other hand, when a tray having a thickness of 60 mm or less is detected, both sensors are turned ON, an ON signal is input to the input module 16 of the sequencer unit 15, and information is transmitted to the CPU module 15. Based on this information, the CPU module 15a causes the output module 17 to operate the filter driving unit 12, and covers the probe 11 with a filter corresponding to the thickness. Accordingly, by performing thickness detection and thickness correction on the apparatus side without depending on the operator, blood with insufficient X-ray dosage can be irradiated more safely without being administered to the patient.

厚み検出機能用トレイ外観構造図。The external appearance structural view of the thickness detection function tray. 厚み検出機能ブロック図。The thickness detection functional block diagram.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 60mm厚用トレイ、2 30mm厚用トレイ、3 血液バッグ、3a チューブ類、4 上蓋部、4a 外枠1、4b 蓋、4c 外枠2、5 ロック機構、5a 掛け金具、6 位置決めピン、7 トレイ部、7a 円筒部、7b 底板、7c 底枠、10 センサ1受光側、10a センサ1投光側、11 線量計プローブ、12 フィルター駆動部、12a フィルター、12b フィルター機構ベース、14 センサ2受光側、14a センサ2投光側、15 シーケンサ部、15a CPUモジュール、16 入力モジュール、17 出力モジュール、18 照射室、20 テーブル、25 照射野、30 タッチパネル(操作盤)   1 60mm thickness tray, 2 30mm thickness tray, 3 blood bag, 3a tubes, 4 upper lid, 4a outer frame 1, 4b lid, 4c outer frame 2, 5 lock mechanism, 5a hanging bracket, 6 positioning pin, 7 Tray part, 7a cylindrical part, 7b bottom plate, 7c bottom frame, 10 sensor 1 light receiving side, 10a sensor 1 light emitting side, 11 dosimeter probe, 12 filter driving part, 12a filter, 12b filter mechanism base, 14 sensor 2 light receiving side , 14a Sensor 2 floodlight side, 15 Sequencer section, 15a CPU module, 16 input module, 17 output module, 18 irradiation room, 20 table, 25 irradiation field, 30 touch panel (operation panel)

Claims (4)

被照射物に放射線を照射する放射線照射部と、放射照射部の放射線照射方向に設置され底板、側壁及び上蓋を有し、前記被照射物を収納するトレイ部と、を備えた放射線照射物装置において、
前記トレイ部の側壁の高さを検出する検出手段と、前記検出された側壁の高さに基づいて、前記トレイ部に収納された被照射物に所定量の放射線が照射されるように、前記放射線照射部を制御する照射制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする放射線照射装置。
A radiation irradiation object comprising: a radiation irradiation unit configured to irradiate an object to be irradiated; and a tray unit that is installed in a radiation irradiation direction of the radiation irradiation unit and includes a bottom plate, a side wall, and an upper lid, and stores the irradiation object. In the device
Detecting means for detecting the height of the side walls of the tray portion, based on the height of the detected side walls, as radiation of a predetermined amount of the irradiated object which is accommodated in the tray unit is irradiated, the An irradiation control device that controls an irradiation unit.
前記検出手段は、光を投光する投光部と、前記光を受光する受光部と、を有し、前記投光部と受光部は互いに対向配置され、前記投光部からの光が前記トレイの側壁面に遮光されるか否かを前記受光部にて検出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の放射線照射装置。The detection means includes a light projecting unit that projects light, and a light receiving unit that receives the light. The light projecting unit and the light receiving unit are arranged to face each other, and light from the light projecting unit is transmitted to the light projecting unit. The radiation irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving unit detects whether or not light is blocked by a side wall surface of the tray. 前記検出手段は、光を投光する投光部と、前記光を受光する受光部と、を有し、前記受光部は、前記投光部から投光した光が前記トレイの側壁面によって反射した際の反射光の量を検出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の放射線照射装置。The detection means includes a light projecting unit that projects light and a light receiving unit that receives the light, and the light receiving unit reflects light projected from the light projecting unit by a side wall surface of the tray. The radiation irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of reflected light when detected is detected. 前記検出手段は、前記トレイを所定の位置に設置した際の前記トレイの側壁面の高さ方向に沿って各々異なる高さで複数設置することを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の放射線照射装置。The radiation according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of the detection means are installed at different heights along the height direction of the side wall surface of the tray when the tray is installed at a predetermined position. Irradiation device.
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