JP4861529B1 - Secondary vortex separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cyclone type separator which is reduced in resistance of the passage and separates efficiently even minute target substances so far being difficult for conventional techniques to separate. <P>SOLUTION: In the cyclone type separator, a secondary vortex cylinder having an opening at the first end and a pivot not overlapping the extension of the pivot of the main vortex flow is arranged in a plane in contact with the vortex flow in the main passage for a carrying fluid, and a collection chamber having no opened parts other than an opening at the second end of the secondary vortex cylinder is disposed. A target substance in the carrying fluid is separated by means of a secondary vortex flow which is generated by the vortex flow in the main passage, has a small diameter and circles at high speeds. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a cyclonic separator for forming a vortex in a carrier fluid such as a gas or a liquid and separating an object in the carrier fluid.

(Existing technology)
A conventional cyclone separator will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the most basic cyclonic separator 400, which includes a cyclone cylinder portion 410 and a collection chamber 420, and the cyclone cylinder portion 410 has an inlet 412 and an outlet that are eccentrically attached to the right cylinder 411. 413, the circular truncated cones 414 and 415, and the discharge port 416. The collection chamber 420 has a part of the circular truncated cone 415 as a part of the wall and communicates with the cyclone cylinder 410 at the discharge port 416. Yes. (For example, see Patent Document 1.)

First, the behavior of the fluid will be described with reference to FIG. Since the fluid flowing in from the inflow port 412 flows into a position eccentric with respect to the axis of the cyclone cylinder portion 410, the fluid rises while turning inside the straight cylinder 411, and flows out from the outflow port 413 and descends while turning. It is divided into the flow to do.
The descending flow swirls along the inner surfaces of the frustoconical cylinders 414 and 415, and a part flows into the collection chamber 420 from the discharge port 416. Therefore, an ascending flow is generated on the center side of the swivel shaft according to the flow velocity. , Merges with the flow to the outlet 413 and flows out.

Next, the behavior of the object to be separated from the fluid will be described with reference to FIG.
In the cyclonic separator, separation is realized by generating a vortex in the fluid and the target object is moved by centrifugal force. In the cyclonic separator 400, the outlet 413 is provided above the inlet 412, and the target is moved. As long as the object does not rise against gravity, the structure does not reach the outlet 413. Due to the vortex flow of the straight cylinder 411, the object moved to the outer peripheral side comes into contact with the wall surface and leaves the flow, and mainly descends due to gravity. The separation is realized by entering the collection chamber 420 through the inner surfaces of the truncated cones 414 and 415. However, the object on the inner peripheral side of the vortex flow needs to move to the wall surface of the right cylinder 411. During this time, the object is transported to the fluid and reaches the vicinity of the outlet 413 at the upper part, or the centrifugal object generated in the object. When the force or gravity is inferior to the fluid conveyance force, the fluid is discharged from the outlet 413 while remaining on the flow. The frustoconical cylinders 414 and 415 are not directly affected by the vortex flow, so that a strong swirl flow is unlikely to occur. Therefore, the frustoconical cylinders 414 and 415 function as a guide plate for guiding the object to the collection chamber 420. As a result, a swirling flow is generated, and the target object moves to the outer peripheral side and moves to the collection chamber 420. However, an upward flow is also generated in the vicinity of the center of the swivel axis, and the object once separated is carried out of the collection chamber 420 and discharged from the outlet 413. The fact that the truncated cone 415 extends in the collection chamber 420 has the purpose of preventing re-mixing of the object.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the most common cyclone separator 600, which includes a cyclone outer cylinder 610 and a collection chamber 620, and a cylindrical cyclone inner cylinder 630. The cyclone outer cylinder 610 is a straight cylinder. 612 is composed of an inlet 612 eccentrically attached to 611, truncated cones 614 and 615, and a discharge port 616. The collection chamber 620 has a portion 615 of the truncated cone as a wall, and is outside the cyclone at the discharge port 616. The tube portion 610 is in communication. The cyclone inner cylinder part 630 is provided through the upper surface of the cyclone outer cylinder part 610, has an opening 631 inside the cyclone outer cylinder part 610, and includes a cyclone inner cylinder 632 that connects the outlet 633.

The behavior of the fluid will be described with reference to FIG. In the cyclonic separator 600, the fluid flowing in from the inlet 612 descends while turning between the cyclone inner cylinder 632 and the right cylinder 611, and a part of the fluid is passed from the time when it passes the opening 631 of the cyclone inner cylinder 632. The movement in the swivel axis direction is reversed to turn from descending to ascending and flow toward the opening 631, and the other part descends along the frustoconical cylinders 614 and 615 while turning and passes through the discharge port 616. It flows into the collection chamber 620. Further, since the opening 631 faces the direction of the collection chamber, an upward flow from the collection chamber 620 is likely to occur even when the fluid velocity is low.

The behavior of the object in the cyclonic separator 600 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the cyclonic separator 400, the flow velocity is reduced near the swivel axis, and there is a portion where the centrifugal force is difficult to be generated in the target object, and the separation ability is reduced. In the cyclonic separator 600, however, Since the cyclone inner cylinder 632 exists, centrifugal force is applied to all the objects, and since the flow path between the straight cylinder 611 and the cyclone inner cylinder 632 is constricted, the object can be moved with a small moving distance. Since it reaches the wall surface of the right cylinder 611, it is advantageous for separation of the object.
The cyclone inner cylinder 632 causes the fluid to descend while swirling and then rise, so that it can be expected to be separated from the fluid by the inertial force of the object, and the fluid once descends to the frustoconical cylinders 614 and 615. Since it becomes a flow path, swirl also occurs in this place, separation by centrifugal force is performed, and a structure that can separate a finer object than in the case of the cyclonic separator 400 is formed.
On the other hand, the fluid descends while swirling along the frustoconical cylinders 614 and 615 and enters the collection chamber 620 as it is, so that a swirling flow is generated in the collection chamber 620 and the discharge port 616 to the opening 631. An upward flow is also generated, and the target object is mixed again. In order to separate a finer object, it is necessary that the length in the swivel axis direction is long, the discharge port 616 is small in diameter, and that the flow rate is limited to prevent the occurrence of a strong upward flow. If the flow rate is limited, the centrifugal force and inertial force of the target will also be weakened.As a result, not only the design according to the properties of the carrier fluid and the target is required, but also to achieve energy-efficient separation. Therefore, the width of the properties of the object that can be separated and collected is limited.

In order to solve the problem that the collected object returns to the main flow path again and is discharged from the outlet, the length of the cyclone inner cylinder is shortened, the length of the cyclone outer cylinder is lengthened, and There are other measures to prevent this by deepening the collection chamber.In addition to this, a plate that suppresses the swirling of the fluid in the collection chamber is provided, or an umbrella-shaped backflow prevention plate is provided above the collection chamber. There are inventions to prevent. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 2 to 3.)

If the cyclone cylinder has a small diameter, higher centrifugal force can be obtained, and if the ratio of the length direction of the conical cylinder of the cyclone outer cylinder is large, the fluid changes direction at a sharp angle when reversing in the swivel axis direction, Finer objects can be separated. On the other hand, due to the decrease in the diameter of the flow path and the sharp direction change of the fluid, the resistance of the flow path increases and the flow rate is limited.
To prevent this, multiple small cyclones are arranged in parallel to secure the flow rate, reduce the resistance of the flow path, and to prevent large objects from becoming clogged in the small-diameter cyclone, There is a multi-cyclone separation device installed. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 4 to 5.)

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a multi-cyclone separator 800 having a large cyclone upstream and four downstream small cyclones in parallel. The configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
The multi-cyclone separator 800 includes a lower outer part 810, an upper outer part 850, a lower part 820, an inner part 830, and an upper part 840 of an internal configuration.
The lower outer portion 810 is composed of an inlet 812 provided eccentric to the bottomed cylinder 811.
The upper outer shell 850 has an outer shell 852 and an outlet 853, and forms an upper communication channel 851 in a gap with the upper part 840.
The lower part 820 includes a double cylinder 821, a donut-shaped bottom lid 822, and a central upstream cyclone outer cylinder 823 having an opening 824.
The middle part 830 is formed by opening an upstream cyclone inner cylinder 832 and four downstream cyclone outer cylinders 833 in a plate on a disk.
The upper part 840 includes a distribution channel part 841 in which the shape of the distribution channel is cut into a disk shape, and an upper part lid 844 in which four downstream cyclone inner cylinders 843 are opened in a plate on the disk.

The behavior of the fluid will be described with reference to FIG. 9 which is a plan view and a longitudinal sectional view of the multi-cyclone separation device 800. The fluid flowing in from the inflow port 812 descends while swirling between the inner surface of the bottomed cylinder 811 and the double cylinder 821, reverses the motion in the swivel axis direction at the bottom of the bottomed cylinder 811, and opens as a swirling flow. Into the part 824.
Next, ascending while turning inside the upstream cyclone outer cylinder 823, a part thereof enters the opening 831, while the other part reaches the upper surface of the upstream cyclone on the outer peripheral side and around the upstream cyclone inner cylinder 832. And descends while turning to enter the opening 831.
Next, through the inside of the upstream cyclone inner cylinder 832 from the opening 831, it enters the distribution channel component 841 provided with a flow path eccentrically flowing into the downstream cyclone inner cylinder 843 from the center, and the downstream cyclone inner cylinder 843 A swirling flow is generated between the downstream cyclone outer cylinder 833, descends while swirling along the inner surface of the downstream cyclone outer cylinder 833, enters the collection chamber composed of the double cylinder 821 and the bottom lid 822 through the opening 834. Then, it rises again from the opening 834, and merges with the flow from the other three downstream cyclones in the upper communication channel 851 via the opening 842, and out of the multi-cyclone separator 800 from the outlet 853. leak.

The target object in the multi-cyclonic separation device 800 is a coarse target object separated on the outer peripheral side of the bottom by the rotation between the bottomed cylinder 811 and the double cylinder 821, and the other target object is upstream from the opening 824. By entering the cyclone outer cylinder 823, the object that is finer than the coarse object is separated by the turning generated here, and adheres to the inner surface of the upstream cyclone outer cylinder 823 and the outer side of the upstream cyclone inner cylinder 832. However, the fine object passes through the opening 831 and is sent to the four downstream cyclones. Since the downstream cyclone inner cylinder 843, the downstream cyclone outer cylinder 833, and the opening 834 are smaller in diameter than the upstream cyclone, a smaller-diameter swirl flow is generated, and fine objects are separated and settled in the collection chamber. Or attached to the inner surface of the downstream cyclone outer cylinder 833 and the outer surface of the downstream cyclone inner cylinder 843. In addition, the target object which was not isolate | separated also by the downstream cyclone is integrated in the upper connection flow path 851, and flows out of the multi cyclone type | mold separation apparatus 800 from the outflow port 853.

The complex flow path of the multi-cyclonic separation device is indispensable for connecting multiple cyclone separators, but in addition to increasing the resistance of the flow path by installing each cyclone separator, Not only will the resistance of the fluid be added and the energy efficiency of the entire separation device will be reduced, but especially if the carrier fluid is a gas, it will cause noise and various improvements have been proposed, but fundamental improvements have been made. There is nothing that makes.
In addition, since the diameter of the downstream cyclone cannot be made too small in order to secure the flow rate, there is a limit to the separation of minute objects, and many household vacuum cleaners have a physical filter at the most downstream. In order to prevent re-mixing of the separated object, the flow rate is inevitably limited.

(Problems with existing technology)
In the existing cyclone type separator, the centrifugal force of the vortex (hereinafter referred to as the main vortex) generated in the main path of the carrier fluid (hereinafter referred to as the main vortex) is used to remove the object from the outer periphery of the vortex. The object is guided to the collection chamber by the flow of the outer periphery toward the collection chamber at the frustoconical cylindrical portion provided in the lower part of the cyclone outer cylinder, and reaches the collection chamber wall for accumulation. The fluid and the object are separated by returning the fluid as a reverse flow from the center of the frustoconical cylindrical portion.
Therefore, the field where the fluid and the target object are separated is the main vortex itself, and the centrifugal force of the target object is determined by the swirling speed of the main vortex and the diameter of the main vortex, so that finer target objects can be separated and accumulated. However, it is necessary to increase the centrifugal force by increasing the flow velocity or downsizing the vortex chamber of the main path. It will be carried out in the reverse flow.
Similarly, if the size of the opening on the collection chamber side is too small for the size of the target object, the target object is exposed to a backflow before passing through the opening and returns to the vortex chamber, which is too large. Then, when the object in the collection chamber is conveyed in a reverse flow and approaches the opening, it passes through the opening without being returned by the jet on the outer periphery of the opening and returns to the vortex chamber.
Therefore, a cyclone separator that is as small as possible according to the size of the object is suitable, and a multi-cyclone separator has been proposed as a method for separating objects with different properties in one path. The above-mentioned problem in the individual cyclone type separators has not been solved, and the flow rate restriction for preventing the flow of minute objects becomes the upper limit of the flow rate of the entire path, and the connection flow path of each cyclone. Further, the energy efficiency is further deteriorated because it is necessary to provide a distribution channel.
The above-mentioned problems of the existing cyclone type separator are based on the principle of the existing cyclone type separator, and various improvements have been proposed to alleviate this problem. Rather, it limits the separation capacity of cyclone separators with practical energy efficiency.

US Published Patent Abstract Publication Number 20030029790 FIG.3 FIG.4 Japanese Patent No. 2930689 Japanese Patent No. 4626587 Japanese Patent Publication No. 68418 (first figure, second figure) Japanese Patent No. 4546015 (Fig.4a)

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and enables the separation of minute objects that have low flow path resistance and are difficult to separate with conventional cyclone separators. An object of the present invention is to provide a compact cyclone separator that can separate and recover a target object having a specific property with a single separator and can be used for various generation means as a vortex flow in a main path.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is a fundamental problem of existing cyclone separators, and the separation of the object from the carrier fluid is performed on the main route of the carrier fluid (hereinafter referred to as the main route). As long as it is performed by eddy current (hereinafter referred to as main vortex), it is a difficult problem to solve.
Therefore, the present inventor does not directly use the main vortex for the separation of the object, but uses the main vortex to make a vortex that is smaller and faster than the main vortex (hereinafter referred to as a secondary vortex). )) And can be used as the main separation field, the vortex of the optimum shape for the target object to be separated can be obtained in a place where the density of the target object to be separated is high, regardless of the diameter of the main vortex. We thought that separation beyond the limits of existing technology could be realized because cylinders could be provided, and earnestly researched means to generate secondary vortices suitable for separation while keeping the resistance of the fluid in the main path low As a result, it has been found that it can be realized by the following means.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides:
Means for generating a vortex in any way in the main path of the carrier fluid;
A vortex chamber serving as a swirl field for the vortex,
A vortex cylinder having a first end opening directly on a surface constituting the vortex chamber and a cylinder or a predetermined portion of one end being a circular truncated cone, and a vortex whose central axis does not overlap the extension of the swirl axis of the vortex Having at least one cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a secondary vortex cylinder),
In the collection chamber of the object to be separated from the carrier fluid, the second end of the secondary vortex cylinder is open, and during operation, other than the opening of the secondary vortex cylinder or a space depressurized from the collection chamber The collection chamber has no openings and the others are sealed,
This is a cyclonic separator composed of

When a cylinder or a vortex cylinder whose predetermined part at one end is a frustoconical cylinder is opened on the surface constituting the vortex chamber of the main vortex generated in the main path, centering on a position that does not overlap the swirl axis extension line of the main vortex The flow area increases and the upstream side of the main vortex is depressurized on the inner surface of the secondary vortex cylinder due to the flow of the main vortex passing through the opening surface, so that the force that the fluid sterically moves around the pressure reducing portion works.
Since the flow of the main vortex has some flow velocity difference in the direction perpendicular to and parallel to the swivel axis, it is three-dimensionally downstream from the higher flow velocity side at the vortex chamber side opening of the secondary vortex tube. If the collection chamber does not have any other opening, it enters the collection chamber. A reverse flow is generated in which the same amount of fluid as the fluid passes through the center side of the secondary vortex tube toward the vortex chamber.
The vortex generated by the secondary vortex cylinder using the main vortex (hereinafter referred to as the secondary vortex) has a smaller diameter and a higher rotational speed than the main vortex, and Since the swirl force can be continuously applied by the main vortex, one end of the vortex is also extended in the main vortex, and a meandering flow is generated by the secondary vortex in the main vortex, increasing the resistance of the flow path. This is a slight increase compared to when the main diameter vortex is generated.

In the vortex chamber of the main path, the outer periphery of the secondary vortex is a swirling flow toward the secondary vortex tube, so the target object of the main path is easily caught in the secondary vortex together with the fluid with a small moving distance. Fine objects that are easily transported can also be captured well.
Furthermore, in the process of moving while moving to the collection chamber side in the secondary vortex cylinder, a high centrifugal force is given to the target object due to the high-speed and small-diameter rotation of the secondary vortex, and the minute object that could not be separated by the main vortex The object also moves to the outer periphery of the swivel, and the inertial force in the direction of the collection chamber is combined, so that it is not transported in a reverse flow, passes through the opening, is discharged radially to the collection chamber, and adheres to the collection chamber wall. In addition, it is possible to separate a fine object that has been difficult to separate by the prior art.
Although very fine objects may be transported in the back flow and approach the opening in the collection chamber, the movement is slow, and it is pushed back by the jet from the outer periphery of the opening and moves to the center of the opening. It becomes difficult to prevent re-mixing from the collection chamber side.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate a fine object that is difficult to separate by the conventional technique while suppressing the resistance of the flow path.

Since the vortex flow has some difference in flow velocity in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis and in the parallel direction, the means for generating the main vortex is not limited in carrying out the present invention.
For example, when one end of the secondary vortex tube is opened in the partition wall of the vortex generated in a device that does not separate the original function, such as a flow-feed device, and the other end is opened in a collection chamber that is sealed in the other However, compared with the case where a conventional cyclone separator is incorporated in a flow-feeding device, the increase in fluid resistance is extremely low, and the object can be separated, and it is necessary to newly generate a vortex for separation. The function of cyclonic separation can be added in a compact manner.
For example, in the case of the vortex generating means suitable for the present invention when the casing is configured as an independent separator, the reversal of the movement in the swirl axis direction caused by the presence of the cyclone inner cylinder whose opening is connected to the outlet is Separation using secondary vortices also has a great effect. In addition, in the secondary vortex cylinder provided on the surface opposite to the opening of the cyclone inner cylinder, the movement of the main vortex in the direction of the rotation axis is separated from the secondary vortex cylinder. Since the secondary vortex can be grown deeper in the main vortex, the conventional cyclone separator can capture and separate more minute objects that have been unloaded from the cyclone inner cylinder opening. can do.

Due to the definition of vortex flow, there is some difference in flow velocity due to the distance from the swirl axis in the direction perpendicular to the swirl axis of the main vortex, so the secondary vortex tube is opened perpendicular to the swirl axis of the main vortex. Good secondary vortices can be obtained on the surface, but secondary vortices also occur when installed on other surfaces. For example, when installed on a surface parallel to the pivot axis of the main vortex, the opening on the collection chamber side If the angle of the secondary vortex cylinder and the rotation axis of the main vortex are not orthogonal to each other, the secondary vortex may be favorably generated.
Further, since the separation of the present invention is based on the centrifugal force due to the swirling of the secondary vortex and the inertial force in the direction of the collection chamber, the effect can be obtained regardless of whether it is installed on the upper surface, side surface or bottom surface of the vortex chamber of the main path. By using the main vortex separation of the target object and installing the secondary vortex cylinder in the part where the target separation is high in density, it is possible to collect the target object with limited properties. While a plurality of cyclone separators are connected to gradually separate a fine object, classification in a single separator is possible in a field such as classification where a part of the cyclone separator is recovered.
For example, by providing a collection chamber for each secondary vortex cylinder where the distance from the swirling axis of the main vortex is equal, a single cyclone type separator separates and collects objects with different properties for each collection chamber, Furthermore, streamlining the classification process in the prior art by providing multiple pipes to the next process provided for precise classification, opening each collection chamber, and sending the next process under reduced pressure. it can.

For example, when a plurality of secondary vortex cylinders are installed, a flow in which the main vortex penetrates between the plurality of secondary vortices is generated. Opening a secondary vortex cylinder with an opening diameter and installing a secondary vortex cylinder with a finer opening diameter on the inner circumference side prevents the fine secondary vortex cylinder from being blocked by a large object. In addition, it becomes possible to separate a finer target object.
Further, for example, if a plurality of secondary vortex cylinders are opened in the same collection chamber, the structure can be simplified and the object can be easily removed when not in operation. Depending on the pressure difference of the fluid in the opening, there may be a difference between the amount of fluid sucked in each secondary vortex cylinder and the reverse flow rate,
To prevent this, a common collection chamber is provided for each secondary vortex cylinder whose distance from the swirling axis of the main vortex is equal, or the collection chamber side opening relative to the vortex chamber opening diameter of the secondary vortex cylinder is established. There is a method of arranging the secondary vortex cylinder in which one or both of the ratio of the diameter and the opening diameter on the collection chamber side becomes smaller as the distance from the swirling axis of the main vortex becomes smaller.
In addition, depending on the situation of the main vortex, it may be assumed that the flow velocity difference at the opening surface on the main vortex side of a single secondary vortex cylinder is weak,
By utilizing the difference between the fluid suction amount and the reverse flow rate in each of the secondary vortex cylinders, for example, the secondary vortex cylinders that are opened at different main vortex pressures are intentionally opened in a common collection chamber. The high pressure side is dedicated to suction, the collection volume of the target object is increased, and the low pressure side is dedicated to reverse flow, so that a slow flow is generated in the collection chamber, and the secondary vortex dedicated to suction is used. After the object is separated from the opening on the collecting chamber side of the cylinder to the opening on the collecting chamber side of the secondary vortex cylinder dedicated to backflow, By collecting the fluid from the opening on the reverse flow side into the main vortex, the collection amount of the object can be increased.

The present invention is basically composed of a secondary vortex cylinder and a collection chamber in spite of the range of objects that can be separated and the energy efficiency required for the separation, which exceeds conventional cyclone separators. It can be realized by facing the vortex, and its configuration is extremely simple. Therefore, it is possible to make a high-performance separator small, and the faster the main path, the better the secondary Since vortices are generated, efficient separation is realized, so that it is suitable for a multi-cyclone device arranged in multiple. Furthermore, since the swirling speed of the secondary vortex, which is the actual separation field, is small and high, especially when the carrier fluid is a gas, the secondary vortex also has a secondary vortex even when the density of the gas flowing into the separator is low. In order to obtain sufficient swirl required for separation in the next vortex cylinder, rather, when the gas pressure is lowered, it has the ability to separate even finer objects. Thus, it is possible to separate a fine object, which could not be separated by a conventional multi-cyclone separation apparatus, with extremely good efficiency.

According to the present invention, it is possible to separate fine objects that have low fluid resistance and are difficult to separate with a conventional cyclonic separator, and it is possible to widen the range of objects that can be separated. In addition, a single cyclone separator can classify objects having a plurality of cleanliness. Furthermore, since it has a simple and small configuration, it can be used for devices whose main purpose is not separation, and it is also effective as a multi-cyclone separation device installed in multiple.

The perspective view of the secondary vortex separator which shows the Example of this invention The perspective view of each component of the subsidiary vortex separator which shows the Example of this invention (A) Plan view of FIG. 1, (b) AA line sectional view of FIG. A perspective view showing an example of a conventional cyclone separator (A) Plan view of FIG. 4, (b) AA line sectional view of FIG. A perspective view showing an example of a conventional cyclone separator (A) Top view of FIG. 6, (b) AA sectional view of FIG. A perspective view showing an example of a conventional multi-cyclone separator (A) Plan view of FIG. 8, (b) AA line sectional view of FIG.

Invention of claim 1 of the present invention,
Means for generating a vortex in any way in the main path of the carrier fluid;
A vortex chamber serving as a swirl field for the vortex,
A vortex cylinder having a first end opening directly on a surface constituting the vortex chamber and a cylinder or a predetermined portion of one end being a circular truncated cone, and a vortex whose central axis does not overlap the extension of the swirl axis of the vortex Having at least one cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a secondary vortex cylinder),
In the collection chamber of the object to be separated from the carrier fluid, the second end of the secondary vortex cylinder is open, and during operation, other than the opening of the secondary vortex cylinder or a space depressurized from the collection chamber The collection chamber has no openings and the others are sealed,
It consists of

When a cylinder or a vortex cylinder whose predetermined part at one end is a frustoconical cylinder is opened on the surface constituting the vortex chamber of the main vortex generated in the main path, centering on a position that does not overlap the swirl axis extension line of the main vortex The flow area increases and the upstream side of the main vortex is depressurized on the inner surface of the secondary vortex cylinder due to the flow of the main vortex passing through the opening surface, so that the force that the fluid sterically moves around the pressure reducing portion works.
Since the flow of the main vortex has some flow velocity difference in the direction perpendicular to and parallel to the swivel axis, it is three-dimensionally downstream from the higher flow velocity side at the vortex chamber side opening of the secondary vortex tube. If the collection chamber does not have any other opening, it enters the collection chamber. A reverse flow is generated in which the same amount of fluid as the fluid passes through the center side of the secondary vortex tube toward the vortex chamber.
The vortex generated by the secondary vortex cylinder using the main vortex (hereinafter referred to as the secondary vortex) has a smaller diameter and a higher rotational speed than the main vortex, and Since the swirl force can be continuously applied by the main vortex, one end of the vortex is also extended in the main vortex, and a meandering flow is generated by the secondary vortex in the main vortex, increasing the resistance of the flow path. This is a slight increase compared to when the main diameter vortex is generated.

In the vortex chamber of the main path, the outer periphery of the secondary vortex is a swirling flow toward the secondary vortex tube, so the target object of the main path is easily caught in the secondary vortex together with the fluid with a small moving distance. Fine objects that are easily transported can also be captured well.
Furthermore, in the process of moving while moving to the collection chamber side in the secondary vortex cylinder, a high centrifugal force is given to the target object due to the high-speed and small-diameter rotation of the secondary vortex, and the minute object that could not be separated by the main vortex The object also moves to the outer periphery of the swivel, and the inertial force in the direction of the collection chamber is combined, so that it is not transported in a reverse flow, passes through the opening, is discharged radially to the collection chamber, and adheres to the collection chamber wall. In addition, it is possible to separate a fine object that has been difficult to separate by the prior art.
Although very fine objects may be transported in the back flow and approach the opening in the collection chamber, the movement is slow, and it is pushed back by the jet from the outer periphery of the opening and moves to the center of the opening. It becomes difficult to prevent re-mixing from the collection chamber side.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate a fine object that has been difficult to separate with the prior art while the flow resistance is suppressed.

Since the vortex flow has some difference in flow velocity in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis and in the parallel direction, the means for generating the main vortex is not limited in carrying out the present invention.
For example, when one end of a secondary vortex tube is opened in a partition that isolates vortex flow generated in a device that does not separate its original function, such as a flow-feed device, and the other end is opened in a collection chamber that is sealed in the other In addition, compared with the case where a conventional cyclone separator is incorporated in a flow-feeding device, the increase in fluid resistance is extremely low, so that the object can be separated, and it is necessary to newly generate a vortex for separation. No cyclone type separation function can be added in a compact manner.

Due to the definition of vortex flow, there is some difference in flow velocity due to the distance from the swirl axis in the direction perpendicular to the swirl axis of the main vortex, so the secondary vortex tube is opened perpendicular to the swirl axis of the main vortex. Good secondary vortices can be obtained on the surface, but secondary vortices also occur when installed on other surfaces. For example, when installed on a surface parallel to the pivot axis of the main vortex, the opening on the collection chamber side If the angle of the secondary vortex cylinder and the rotation axis of the main vortex are not orthogonal to each other, the secondary vortex may be favorably generated.
Further, since the separation of the present invention is based on the centrifugal force due to the swirling of the secondary vortex and the inertial force in the direction of the collection chamber, the effect can be obtained regardless of whether it is installed on the upper surface, side surface or bottom surface of the vortex chamber of the main path. By using the main vortex separation of the target object and installing the secondary vortex cylinder in the part where the target separation is high in density, it is possible to collect the target object with limited properties. While a plurality of cyclone separators are connected to gradually separate a fine object, classification in a single separator is possible in a field such as classification where a part of the cyclone separator is recovered.

Invention of claim 2 of the present invention,
It comprises a plurality of the secondary vortex cylinders, and by providing a plurality of secondary vortex cylinders, more objects can be captured and separated.
In addition, since a plurality of secondary vortices cover the wall of the vortex chamber and the flow on the outer peripheral side of the secondary vortex is arranged along the flow of the main vortex, the fluid in the main path per secondary vortex tube unit The resistance is reduced and more efficient separation is possible.

The invention of claim 3 of the present invention
A plurality of the secondary vortex tubes;
The ratio of the opening diameter on the collection chamber side to the opening diameter on the vortex chamber side of the secondary vortex tube and one or both of the opening diameters on the collection chamber side are:
It consists of arranging the secondary vortex cylinder which becomes smaller as the distance from the swirling axis of the vortex of the main path becomes closer,
The flow rate deviation in the axial direction in the secondary vortex cylinder caused by the pressure difference due to the vortex chamber portion where the secondary vortex cylinder opens can be mitigated,
The secondary vortex cylinder on the inner peripheral side compensates for a decrease in the ability to collect and separate the target object, and a fine target object can be simultaneously separated into one collection chamber.
Further, it is possible to prevent the flow toward the inner circumference from occurring in the common collection chamber, and it is possible to prevent the collected material from flowing again into the main route.
In addition, in the vortex chamber of the main path, the larger the distance from the swirl axis of the vortex flow, the higher the existence rate of the large target object, but the opening diameter of the secondary vortex tube opening in this part increases, and it gradually decreases. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the secondary vortex cylinder having a small diameter from being blocked by the object, and the object having a wider property can be separated into one collection chamber as compared with the conventional cyclonic separator. .
Further, since the collection chambers are integrated, the structure becomes simple, a high-performance and compact separator is realized, and the object can be easily taken out when not in operation.
In addition, since various objects can be separated and stored in a common collection chamber and a compact structure can be obtained, it is easy to install them in a multiplexed manner, which is advantageous for the configuration of a multiple cyclone separator. .

The inventions according to claims 4 and 5 and 6 of the present invention are as follows:
Means for generating a vortex in the main path;
It consists of a mechanism that includes a cyclone inner cylinder in which the carrier fluid swirls outside and the carrier fluid flows out from the inside.
The cyclone inner cylinder increases the swirling speed of the vortex and generates movement in the direction of the swirling axis, thereby promoting the swirling of the secondary vortex generated in the secondary vortex cylinder.
More efficient capture and separation of the target object can be performed.
In addition, by reversing the movement in the swivel axis direction on the opening side of the cyclone inner cylinder, the target object can be easily separated from the fluid by the inertial force, facilitating the capture to the secondary vortex cylinder, and finer The target object can be separated.
In addition, by generating a reduced pressure of the fluid on the opening side of the cyclone inner cylinder, the secondary vortex can be grown deeper in the main path, so that more objects can be captured and separated. it can.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 2 shows a component diagram of the embodiment. The secondary vortex separator body 100 is
An inflow port 121 provided eccentric to the cyclone outer cylinder 122, a cyclone outer cylinder part 120 formed of a female screw portion 123, a cyclone inner cylinder 112 having a cyclone inner cylinder opening 111,
A cyclone inner cylinder part 110 composed of an annular flat part 113 and an outlet 114 to be bonded to the cyclone outer cylinder part 120 during assembly; and
The secondary vortex cylinder vortex chamber side opening 143 is opened in the plane that forms the bottom surface of the vortex chamber, and the secondary vortex cylinder 142 and the collection chamber side opening 141 of the secondary vortex cylinder are integrally molded, and the main path A secondary vortex cylinder unit 140 as a bottom surface of the vortex chamber;
A collection chamber 150 having a male thread 151 and a collection chamber lower part 152;
The internal thread part 123 and the external thread part 151 are tightened to form the cyclone outer cylinder part 120, the secondary vortex cylinder unit 140, and a packing 130 that ensures sealing when the collection chamber 150 is connected.

In this embodiment, the secondary vortex tube unit 140 formed by opening a plurality of secondary vortices is arranged on the bottom surface of the vortex chamber of the main path, and this is integrated to realize simple work and assembly. is doing. In addition, by opening a plurality of secondary vortex cylinders in one collection chamber, it is easy to take out the object during non-operation. Further, in the secondary vortex cylinder unit, the opening diameter on the vortex chamber side is made equal, and the secondary vortex cylinder whose opening diameter on the collection chamber side is narrower toward the inner periphery is arranged. Thereby, there exists an effect which eases the pressure difference of the outer peripheral part and inner peripheral part in a vortex chamber, and the effect which makes it easy to isolate | separate a fine target object as it reaches an inner peripheral part.

The behavior of the carrier fluid in the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 3B which is a longitudinal sectional view of the embodiment.
The carrier fluid flowing in from the inflow port 121 swirls between the cyclone outer cylinder 122 and the cyclone inner cylinder 112 and becomes a vortex flow that descends. When the carrier fluid reaches the bottom of the vortex chamber formed by the secondary vortex cylinder unit 140, the carrier fluid swirls. However, the axial movement is reversed, and the gas flows out of the cyclone separator through the outlet 114 through the center of the cyclone inner cylinder.
At this time, the fluid that has approached the secondary vortex cylinder unit 140 becomes a flow having a different flow velocity at the secondary vortex cylinder vortex chamber side opening 143, and decompression occurs on the upstream side of the inner surface of the secondary vortex cylinder. The flow on the outer peripheral side of the section bends into the opening from both the horizontal and vertical directions, and turns along the inner wall of the secondary vortex tube. Because of the small diameter, the number of rotations is high, and the vortex flows around the inner periphery due to the centrifugal force and inertial force of the fluid itself, and flows into the collection chamber 150.
At this time, the opening on the vortex chamber side is partially depressurized, and the collection chamber has an opening other than the secondary vortex cylinder or a small-diameter vortex cylinder in the central portion depressurized from the collection chamber. Since there is no flow, a flow toward the vortex chamber occurs. The back-flowed fluid is taken in from the opening of the adjacent secondary vortex cylinder and proceeds to the inner peripheral side while repeating the same behavior, and eventually goes from the opening 111 of the cyclone inner cylinder to the outlet 114 or outside the cyclone separator. Spill to Further, a plurality of secondary vortices are generated in the vicinity of the secondary vortex cylinder unit 140, and the fluid in the main path travels while meandering between them.

Similarly, the behavior of the object in the carrier fluid will be described with reference to FIG.
The target object that has flowed in along with the carrier fluid from the inflow port 121 obtains a centrifugal force by the vortex flow of the main path, and the large target object moves to the outer peripheral side of the vortex flow and approaches the secondary vortex cylinder unit 140. At this time, the one that obtains centrifugal force that overcomes the conveyance force tries to continue to swivel on the outer peripheral side, so it is eventually caught in the adjacent outer side vortex, and overcomes the reverse flow by the strong centrifugal force of the side vortex, and collects Released into the chamber. At this time, some fine objects flow backward to the vortex chamber due to the reverse flow, but the finer objects follow the rapid flow change more easily and are easily trapped by the adjacent secondary vortex. There is a high probability of being engulfed again in the secondary vortex adjacent to Further, since the opening diameter on the side of the collection chamber in the secondary vortex cylinder unit 140 is smaller toward the inner periphery, a stronger centrifugal force is applied and the separation chamber is separated into the collection chamber without backflow.

In the embodiment, a plurality of secondary vortex cylinders are provided only on one surface of the wall constituting the vortex chamber of the main path, but even when the vortex chamber side opening of the secondary vortex cylinder is provided on the upper surface of the vortex chamber. Especially fine objects are well separated. The same effect can be obtained even if it is installed in a plane parallel to the swivel axis of the main path, but the lengthwise axis of the secondary vortex cylinder with respect to the swirl axis of the vortex flow of the main path is set to both horizontal and vertical directions. If an angle is given, better secondary vortices are generated. In the embodiment, the collection chamber is arranged below, but the separation by the secondary vortex tube is basically due to the centrifugal force of the vortex and the inertial force due to the movement of the secondary vortex in the direction of the swirling axis. It is difficult to be affected, and the present invention does not limit the direction of gravity.

In the present invention, since it is possible to separate a fine object that is difficult to separate by the prior art while suppressing the resistance of the flow path, in all fields where a conventional cyclone separator is used, It may be used for the purpose of improving energy efficiency and separation performance.
In addition, since a fine object is separated without relying on gravity, it can be placed horizontally and is advantageous for separation in a state where the flow rate is large.
In addition, since the configuration of the present invention is very compact and the increase in the flow path resistance of the fluid is small, it can be installed in places where conventional cyclone separators are difficult to install. In addition, it can be used for the purpose of providing an impurity removal function.
In particular, since the resistance of the flow path is small, oil and air filters for automobiles and machinery, soot recovery from diesel engines, and soot collection equipment and water and sewage purification in factories, and rivers and In addition to being effective as a purification device using natural flow such as wind power,
It can also be molded integrally with the secondary vortex cylinder as a surface, and it can be used for gas and liquid purification equipment, in the field of using separated materials, and in the field of classification. There is.

100 Secondary vortex separator body
110 Cyclone inner cylinder parts
111 Cyclone inner cylinder opening
112 Cyclone inner cylinder
113 Plane section
114 outlet
120 Cyclone outer cylinder parts
121 Inlet
122 Cyclone outer cylinder
123 Female thread
130 Packing
140 Secondary vortex cylinder unit
141 Side vortex tube collection chamber side opening
142 Secondary vortex tube
143 Secondary vortex tube vortex chamber side opening
150 Collection room
151 Male thread
152 Lower collection room

Claims (4)

In the cyclonic separator,
Means for generating a vortex in any way in the main path of the carrier fluid;
A vortex chamber serving as a swirl field for the vortex,
A vortex cylinder having a first end opening directly on a surface constituting the vortex chamber and a cylinder or a predetermined portion of one end being a circular truncated cone, and a vortex whose central axis does not overlap the extension of the swirl axis of the vortex A plurality of tubes (hereinafter referred to as secondary vortex tubes);
In the collection chamber of the object to be separated from the carrier fluid, the second end of the secondary vortex cylinder is open, and during operation, other than the opening of the secondary vortex cylinder or a space depressurized from the collection chamber The collection chamber has no openings and the others are sealed,
A cyclone separator characterized by having The ratio of the opening diameter on the collection chamber side to the opening diameter on the vortex chamber side of the secondary vortex cylinder and one or both of the opening diameters on the collection chamber side are closer to the swirl axis of the vortex flow of the main path. The cyclonic separator according to claim 1, wherein the secondary vortex cylinder is reduced in size according to claim 1. Means for generating a vortex in the main path;
A mechanism including a cyclone inner cylinder in which the carrier fluid swirls outside and the carrier fluid flows out from the inside;
The cyclonic separator according to claim 1. Means for generating a vortex in the main path;
A mechanism including a cyclone inner cylinder in which the carrier fluid swirls outside and the carrier fluid flows out from the inside;
The cyclonic separator according to claim 2.

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