JP4848872B2 - Laminated glass for windows - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated glass for windows.

  Some window glasses, particularly window glasses of vehicles such as automobiles, are provided with an infrared reflecting film in order to prevent the temperature inside the vehicle from rising. Conventionally, in order to exhibit high infrared reflection performance, a conductive thin film such as a silver-based metal thin film has been used as an infrared reflection film. However, when the conductive thin film is laminated on the glass plate, the radio wave transmission performance is significantly deteriorated. In addition, in this case, the radio wave transmission performance decreases over a wide band from the near infrared region to the radio wave region. The decrease in radio wave transmission performance causes malfunction of infrared sensing devices such as optical beacons and rain / cloudiness sensors, and a decrease in reception performance of televisions, radios and the like. For this reason, it has been difficult to mount a window glass having high infrared reflection performance on a vehicle having these functions.

  Therefore, a laminated glass using an intermediate film (hereinafter referred to as “fine particle-dispersed intermediate film”) made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in which infrared-shielding fine particles are dispersed and dispersed as a window glass that blocks infrared rays while ensuring radio wave transmission performance. (See, for example, Patent Document 1; hereinafter, this type of laminated glass is referred to as “fine-particle-containing laminated glass”). The fine particle-containing laminated glass can impart an infrared shielding performance to the intermediate film by the ITO fine particles by using, for example, tin-doped indium oxide (hereinafter referred to as “ITO”) fine particles as the infrared shielding fine particles, and the ITO fine particles are dispersed. As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the sheet resistance value of the intermediate film. Therefore, the fine particle-containing laminated glass is useful as a window glass that blocks infrared rays while ensuring radio wave transmission performance.

  In this connection, Patent Document 2 discloses an infrared ray having a structure in which a low refractive index and a high refractive index are periodically laminated on one glass plate of glass plates constituting a fine particle-containing laminated glass. A laminated glass provided with a reflective film is described. And it describes that this can implement | achieve high heat insulation performance.

Patent Document 3 discloses laminated glass in which a first glass plate / first thermoplastic resin interlayer / heat ray reflective film / second thermoplastic resin interlayer / second glass plate is laminated, 2 Thermoplastic resin intermediate film is a film in which fine particles having a heat ray shielding function are dispersed, and the heat ray reflective film is an optical interference multilayer film in which two types of polymer thin films having different refractive indexes are laminated, as laminated glass A heat insulating laminated glass is described which has a visible light transmission of at least 70%. Moreover, only ITO and / or hexaboride fine particles are described as the fine particles having the heat ray shielding function. And by such a structure, the solar radiation energy irradiated using the reflective film is reflected to the outside of the vehicle as much as possible to prevent the solar energy from entering the inside of the vehicle, and further, the energy of the solar radiation after the reflection Is shielded by an intermediate film having a heat ray shielding function, an ITO film, or an ITO-containing coating film, thereby reducing the energy emitted to the inside of the vehicle.
JP 2001-151539 A JP 2005-89244 A JP 2004-26547 A

  However, the fine particle-containing laminated glass described in Patent Document 2 does not have as high a heat insulating performance as it is said. That is, even with this fine particle-containing laminated glass, the solar reflectance Te cannot be sufficiently increased while the solar transmittance Te is sufficiently small. That is, when these fine particle-containing laminated glass is used for a vehicle window, since the reflectance is low, if the transmittance is to be suppressed, the amount of solar energy absorbed by the laminated glass must be increased. As a result, the solar radiation energy absorbed by the laminated glass is re-radiated to the inside of the vehicle, and the increase in the vehicle interior temperature cannot be sufficiently suppressed.

  An object of this invention is to provide the laminated glass for windows which can suppress the absorption of solar radiation energy and can suppress the re-radiation to the inner side while ensuring radio wave transmission performance.

The present invention includes the following (1) to ( 13 ).
(1) it has an inner glass plate, a first resin layer, and an infrared reflective film, a second resin layer, and an outer glass plate in this order, wherein the infrared reflective film is viewed contains an infrared-absorbing material, Laminated glass for radio wave transmissive windows , wherein the infrared reflective film has alternately a high refractive index layer made of organic material and a low refractive index layer made of organic material .
(2) The laminated glass for windows according to (1) above, which has a zirconium oxide layer between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer.
(3) The laminated window according to (1) or (2), wherein the outer glass plate is a colorless transparent glass, and the inner glass plate is a green colored transparent glass or a dark glass. Glass.
(4) The laminated glass for windows according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the inner glass plate is soda lime silica glass having the following composition.
SiO ₂ : 65 to 75% by mass
Al ₂ O ₃ : 0.1 to 5% by mass
Na ₂ O + K ₂ O: 10 to 18% by mass
CaO: 5 to 15% by mass
MgO: 1 to 6% by mass
Total iron in terms of Fe ₂ O ₃ : 0.3-1% by mass
All cerium CeO ₂ in terms and / or TiO _2: 0.5 to 2 wt%
(5) The laminated glass for windows according to any one of ( 1) to (4) above, which contains an infrared absorbing dye as the infrared absorbing substance.
(6) The laminated glass for windows according to the above ( 5 ), which contains a phthalocyanine dye as the infrared absorbing dye.
(7) The laminated glass for windows according to the above ( 5 ) or ( 6 ), which contains a complex dye as the infrared absorbing dye.
(8) The laminated glass for windows according to any one of (1) to ( 7 ) above, which contains an infrared absorbing pigment as the infrared absorbing substance.
(9) The laminated glass for windows according to ( 8 ) above, which contains a phthalocyanine compound as the infrared absorbing pigment.
(10) The infrared absorbing material includes at least one fine particle selected from the group consisting of tin-doped indium oxide, zinc oxide doped with aluminum, tin oxide doped with antimony, and zinc oxide. The laminated glass for windows according to any one of 9 ).
(11) The infrared reflective film has a base layer on the surface on the first resin layer side, has the high refractive index layer on the surface thereof, and the low refractive index layer on the surface of the high refractive index layer. The laminated glass for windows according to any one of the above (1) to ( 10 ).
(12) The laminated glass for windows according to ( 11 ), wherein the base layer contains the infrared absorbing substance.
(13) The laminated glass for windows according to any one of (1) to ( 12 ), wherein visible light transmittance is 70% or more for light incident from the outer glass plate side.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, transmission of the solar radiation energy which injects into a vehicle etc. can be suppressed by reflecting solar radiation energy as much as possible, without making a laminated glass absorb excessively, ensuring radio wave transmittance. And the solar radiation energy absorbed by a laminated glass can be made small, the re-radiation of the absorbed solar radiation energy can be suppressed, and the temperature rise in a vehicle etc. can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one preferred embodiment of the laminated glass for windows of the present invention. This laminated glass 10 has the inner side glass plate 11, the 1st resin layer 30, the infrared reflective film 20, the 2nd resin layer 32, and the outer side glass plate 12 in this order. And the infrared reflective film 20 is the high refractive index layer 21, the low refractive index layer 24, the high refractive index layer 25, the low refractive index layer 26, and the high refractive index layer 27 in order from the outer glass plate 12 side. And the base layer 28, and includes an infrared absorbing material. Moreover, the inner side glass plate 11 is distribute | arranged inside (vehicle inside etc.), when the laminated glass 10 is assembled | attached to a vehicle etc.

First, the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate will be described.
Although the kind of an outer side glass plate and an inner side glass plate is not specifically limited, Usually, soda-lime silica glass is used suitably. In this case, it may be a colorless transparent glass or a colored transparent glass.
The outer glass plate is preferably colorless and transparent glass. The inner glass plate is preferably green colored transparent glass or dark glass. Among these, a combination in which the outer glass plate is a colorless transparent glass and the inner glass plate is a green colored transparent glass or dark glass is preferable. The green colored transparent glass preferably has ultraviolet absorption performance and infrared absorption performance. This is because the solar energy can be reflected as much as possible on the outside, and the solar transmittance of the laminated glass for windows can be reduced.
Although the green colored transparent glass is not particularly limited, for example, soda lime silica glass containing iron is preferable. For example, a soda lime silica glass containing 0.3 to 1% by mass of total iron in terms of Fe ₂ O _{3 in} a soda lime silica base glass. Furthermore, since the absorption of light in the near-infrared region is dominated by divalent iron out of total iron, the mass of FeO (divalent iron) is calculated as Fe ₂ O ₃ in total. It is preferable that it is 20-40 mass% of iron.
In order to impart ultraviolet absorption performance, a method of adding cerium or the like to a soda lime silica base glass can be mentioned. Specifically, it is preferable to use soda lime silica glass having the following composition substantially.
SiO _2: 65 to 75 wt%, Al ₂ O _3: 0.1~5 _{wt%, Na 2 O + K 2} O: 10~18 wt%, CaO: 5 to 15 wt%, MgO: 1 to 6 wt%, terms of Fe ₂ O ₃ were total iron: 0.3 wt%, the total cerium CeO ₂ in terms and / or TiO _2: 0.5 to 2 mass%.

  Although dark glass is not specifically limited, For example, the soda-lime silica glass which contains iron in high concentration is mentioned suitably.

  When using the laminated glass for windows of the present invention for a window of a vehicle or the like, it is preferable that both the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate have a thickness of 1.5 to 3.0 mm. In this case, the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate can have the same thickness or different thicknesses. In using laminated glass for an automobile window, for example, both the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate may be 2.0 mm thick or 2.1 mm thick. When using laminated glass for an automobile window, for example, the thickness of the inner glass plate is less than 2 mm and the thickness of the outer glass plate is slightly more than 2 mm, thereby reducing the total thickness of the laminated glass and the outside of the vehicle. Can withstand external force from The inner glass plate and the outer glass plate may be flat or curved. Since vehicles, particularly automobile windows, are often curved, the shapes of the inner and outer glass plates are often curved. In this case, the infrared reflection film is provided on the concave surface side of the outer glass plate. Further, three or more glass plates can be used as necessary.

  In the present invention, the thickness of the glass plate means a geometric thickness. The same applies to the thickness of each layer of the laminated glass for windows of the present invention other than the glass plate.

Next, the first and second resin layers will be described.
In the present invention, if the first resin layer and the second resin layer are layers made of a resin capable of bonding the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate, and an infrared reflection film described later, the type thereof, The thickness and the like are not particularly limited. Examples thereof include PVB and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Among these, PVB and EVA are preferable, and PVB is more preferable. The first resin layer and the second resin layer may be the same type or thickness, or may be different. The thickness of these resin layers is, for example, 0.3 to 0.8 mm.

Next, an infrared reflective film is demonstrated.
In the present invention, the infrared reflective film has a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, and will be described later on an optical interference film made of an organic material having these high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers alternately. It contains an infrared absorbing substance. As shown in FIG. 1, this infrared reflective film has a base layer on the surface of the first resin layer, a high refractive index layer on the surface, and a low refractive index on the surface of the high refractive index layer. It is preferable to have a refractive index layer and to have alternately a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer on the surface thereof. In addition, the infrared reflective film shown in FIG. 1 has a total of five high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers, but preferably has about 30 to 100 layers.

Here, the high refractive index layer is a layer made of an organic material having a higher refractive index than the refractive index of the glass plate, for example, a layer having a refractive index of 1.6 or more, preferably 1.65 to 1.75. Can be mentioned. Specific examples include a layer made of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).
Further, the low refractive index layer is a layer made of an organic material having a lower refractive index than that of the high refractive index layer, and has a refractive index of, for example, 1.5 or less, preferably 1.4 to 1.5. The layer which has is mentioned. Specifically, for example, a layer made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) can be used.
The above refractive index values are all at a wavelength of 550 nm.

  The thickness of each of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.0005 to 0.002 mm. The high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer may have different thicknesses or the same.

In the present invention, the infrared reflective film has such a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, and further contains an infrared absorbing material.
In the present invention, the infrared-absorbing substance is not particularly limited, but preferably includes an infrared-absorbing dye and / or an infrared-absorbing pigment as the infrared-absorbing substance. More preferably.
In addition, as the infrared absorbing substance, at least one selected from the group consisting of ITO, zinc oxide doped with aluminum (AZO), tin oxide doped with antimony (ATO), and zinc oxide (hereinafter referred to as “ITO etc.”) Also preferably in the form of fine particles, more preferably at least one fine particle selected from the group consisting of these.
In the present invention, the infrared absorbing substance may include at least one selected from the group consisting of such infrared absorbing dyes, infrared absorbing pigments, ITO, and the like, or may include all of them.

Each of these infrared absorbing materials will be described.
The infrared absorbing dye will be described.
In the present invention, the infrared absorbing dye is not particularly limited as long as it is a dye that absorbs infrared rays. For example, cyanine dyes, cross-linked cyanine dyes, trinuclear cyanine dyes, merocyanine, carbocyanine dyes (eg, 3,3′-diethyloxatricarbocyanine iodide, 1,1 ′, 3,3,3 ′, 3′-hexa Methylindotricarbocyanine perchlorate, 1,1 ′, 3,3,3 ′, 3′-hexamethylindotricarbocyanine iodide, 3,3′-diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodide, 3,3′- Diethylthiatricarbocyanine perchlorate, 1,1 ′, 3,3,3 ′, 3′-hexamethyl-4,4 ′, 5,5′-dibenzo-2,2′-indotricarbocyanine perchlorate), Phthalocyanine dye, naphthalene dye, metal complex dye (such as bis [4-dimethylaminodithiobenzyl] nickel), metal dithiolate dye (such as nickel Olate dyes (bis [4-dimethylaminodithiobenzyl] nickel, bis [dithiobenzyl] nickel, bis [1,2bis- (n-butylthio) ethene-1,2-dithiol] nickel, bis [4,4′- Dimethoxydithiobenzyl] nickel, bis [dithioacetyl] nickel)), metal dithiolene dye (nickel dithiolene), bis (chalcogenopyrrillo) polymethine dye, bis (aminoaryl) polymethine dye, indene-crosslinked polymethine dye, tetraarylpolymethine dye, etc. Polymethine dyes, diphenylmethane dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, quinone dyes, azo dyes, complex dyes (such as complex dyes of ferrous iron), squarylium dyes, chalcogenopyryro-arylidene dyes, oxoindolizine dyes, anthraquinone and naphtho Non-derivative dyes, pyrocholine dyes, oxonol dyes, squalene dyes (chromium squalene dyes, thiopyrylium squalene dyes, etc.), thiochromium squalene dyes, polyisothianaphthene dyes, indoaniline dyes, azomethine dyes Indoaniline methide dye, tetraarylaminium radical cation dye, metallized quinoline indoaniline dye, squarylium dye, and squaraine.

  Such an infrared absorbing dye is cheaper than, for example, ITO or hexaboride described in Patent Document 3, and therefore the infrared absorbing property similar to that when ITO or hexaboride is used is the window of the present invention. This is preferable because the cost required for applying to the laminated glass can be reduced. In addition, compared with the case of using ITO or hexaboride fine particles or pigment, this infrared absorbing dye is less likely to aggregate when dispersed in the infrared reflective film, and can be uniformly dispersed. Generation of haze can be suppressed, and this is preferable in that high infrared absorption ability can be imparted to the laminated glass for windows of the present invention. Furthermore, as will be described later, when the infrared reflective film used in the present invention contains an infrared absorbing pigment or ITO in the form of fine particles, these are preferably included in the base layer of the infrared reflective film. Since a sex dye may be contained in parts other than a base layer, it is preferable at the point that manufacture is easy.

Moreover, when using the said infrared absorptive dye, it is preferable that a said 2nd resin layer contains a ultraviolet absorber. In the present invention, since the infrared reflective film is disposed on the inner side (for example, the vehicle inner side) than the second resin layer such as PVB, when an ultraviolet absorber is added to the second resin layer, the incident light is incident from the outer side (for example, the outer side of the vehicle). It is preferable because ultraviolet rays to be transmitted can be prevented from reaching the infrared reflective film and the performance of the infrared absorbing dye can be maintained for a longer period.
The laminated glass for windows of the present invention has a structure having an infrared reflecting film inside the second resin layer as described above. However, in the case of other laminated glass not having such a structure, the infrared light as described above is used. It cannot be set as the preferable aspect which can maintain the performance of an absorptive dye for a long period of time.

Next, the infrared absorbing pigment will be described.
In the present invention, the infrared absorbing pigment is not particularly limited as long as it is a pigment that absorbs infrared rays.
Examples of the infrared absorbing pigment include phthalocyanine compounds such as cyanine, metal oxide, squaraine, metal phthalocyanine (vanadyl phthalocyanine, chloroindium phthalocyanine, titanyl phthalocyanine, chloroaluminum phthalocyanine, copper phthalocyanine, magnesium phthalocyanine, etc.), hydroxysqualene, etc. Can be mentioned.

  The infrared absorbing dye and the infrared absorbing pigment may have absorptivity in a narrow spectral region, for example, may have an absorptivity in a spectral region of 700 to 850 nm, a wide spectral region, It may be absorbent in substantially all regions.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that such fine particle-shaped ITO is dispersed in the infrared reflective film. Furthermore, the particle size is preferably 0.2 μm or less, more preferably 0.001 to 0.15 μm. Moreover, it is 0.1-0.5 mass part especially that the presence rate in these said infrared reflective films is 0.1-1 mass part with respect to 100 mass parts of total mass of the said infrared absorptive substance. It is preferable that This is because the infrared absorption function can be effectively exhibited and haze caused by the mixing of fine particles can be reduced.

The location of the infrared absorbing material in the infrared reflective film is not particularly limited, and may be included in any of the high refractive index layer, the low refractive index layer, and the base layer. When it has a base layer, it is preferable that the base layer contains the infrared absorbing substance. The base layer is a layer serving as a base for forming the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer (film portion) at the time of manufacture, and is the same as the material of the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer. It is preferable to form the layer without stretching, which is usually performed when forming a high refractive index layer or a low refractive index layer. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of the base layer is substantially equal to the thickness of each layer of the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer.
In particular, when the infrared absorbing substance is the infrared absorbing pigment and / or the ITO, it is preferable that these are included in the base layer. It is because the refractive index of an infrared reflective film may differ from a desired value when these are contained in a film part other than the base layer in a relatively large amount. When the infrared absorbing material is the infrared absorbing pigment and / or the ITO or the like, it is preferable that almost the entire amount is contained in the base layer and not contained in the film portion in principle.
Further, in this case, when the laminated glass for windows of the present invention is used, the base layer is disposed on the inner side (for example, the vehicle inner side), and the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are disposed on the outer side (for example, the vehicle outer side). It is preferred that In this case, the infrared rays from the outside to the inside are reflected to suppress the transmission, and the transmitted infrared rays can be absorbed by the infrared absorbing material.

Although the manufacturing method of the infrared reflective film containing the said infrared absorptive substance used for the laminated glass for windows of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, it can manufacture by the following methods.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining a method for producing an infrared reflective film used in the present invention.
Two kinds of raw materials 100 and 102 having different optical properties are heated from the glass transition temperature to the melting temperature, and then supplied to the multilayer feed block 104. Then, for example, extrusion is performed at an extrusion temperature of about 295 ° C. and a supply amount of about 10 to about 150 kg / hour for each material to form a layered feed. Next, this is sent to the layer multiplier 106, which is divided into a plurality of flow streams and stacked to increase the number of stacks.
The skin layer (base layer) 111 can be formed with the feed block 110 using the raw material 108 for the skin layer 111 before passing through the die 112. Here, the extrusion rate of the skin layer 111 can be 2 to 50 kg / hour (1 to 40% of the total extrusion rate). The skin layer 111 may be formed on both surfaces of the layered feeds laminated as shown in FIG.

  If a desired amount of the infrared absorbing substance is added to the desired raw materials 100, 102 and 108, the infrared reflective film used in the present invention can be manufactured. In the case of manufacturing the base layer containing the infrared absorbing substance only, the skin layer 111 may be formed on one side of the laminated layered feed, and the infrared absorbing substance may be added only to the raw material 108.

The layered feed laminated by the multiplier 106 is cooled on a casting wheel 116 that rotates past the fixed wire 114 after exiting the die 112. Then, the roll 124 is wound up after passing through the longitudinally drawn pulling roll 118, the tenter oven 120, and the heat set portion 122 of the tenter oven 120. To achieve a transparent film over a wider range of angles, the film can be made thicker by moving the casting wheel more slowly. The film is stretched by stretching at a ratio determined for the desired optical and mechanical properties. Although the extension temperature depends on the type of raw material used, a temperature higher by 2 to 33 ° C. than its glass transition temperature is preferable. The laminated layered feed is generally heat set in the last two regions of the tenter oven 120 to provide maximum crystallinity and reduce its shrinkage. By using as high a heat set temperature as possible without damaging the layered feed laminated in the tenter oven 120, shrinkage during the hot embossing process can be reduced. It is preferable to reduce the width of the tenter rail by about 1 to about 4% because film shrinkage can be reduced.
The infrared reflective film used for the laminated glass for windows of this invention can be manufactured by such a method.

  In addition, in this invention, the said infrared reflective film does not mean providing infrared reflective performance only by this film, but means that it is a film | membrane which contributes to infrared reflective performance. That is, in the infrared reflection film, another thin film layer may be further laminated on the infrared reflection imparting film. And an infrared reflective film may be comprised so that the optical characteristic which it is going to finally obtain with an infrared reflection provision film and another thin film layer is acquired. As another thin film layer, an auxiliary film layer composed of a low refractive index layer / a high refractive index layer laminated in this order from the infrared reflection imparting film side to the infrared reflection imparting film can be exemplified. This auxiliary film layer has a function of adjusting final optical characteristics such as adjustment of the reflection color of laminated glass and adjustment of infrared reflection performance. Conversely, this auxiliary film layer can be provided between the outer glass plate and the infrared reflecting film, and can also be provided on both sides.

  Furthermore, examples of the other thin film layer include a protective film layer for imparting heat resistance, and an adhesive force adjusting film for adjusting adhesiveness with the first resin layer and the second resin layer. For example, the protective film layer for imparting heat resistance is interposed between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer in the high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer / high refractive index layer constituting the infrared reflective film. It can also be made. In this case, the protective film layer can be exemplified by a thin film layer made of zirconium oxide or the like. In that sense, the infrared reflection-imparting film in which the high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer / high refractive index layer in the present invention are laminated in this order is a high refractive index layer / low refractive index layer / high refractive index layer. It is not limited to those laminated directly in this order, and an appropriate thin film layer is allowed to intervene between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer. When used for a safety window glass of an automobile, the laminated glass is required to have predetermined penetration resistance. One factor governing this penetration resistance is the adhesive force between the first resin layer and the second resin layer. Therefore, the first resin layer of the infrared reflective film and / or the adhesive strength adjusting film for adjusting the adhesive strength of the first resin layer and the glass plate having the infrared reflective film of the second resin layer as necessary. Or it is preferable to laminate | stack on the 2nd resin layer side. Examples of the adhesion adjusting film include chromium oxide.

  The laminated glass for windows of the present invention is a laminated glass having the above inner glass plate, the first resin layer, the infrared reflecting film, the second resin layer, and the outer glass plate in this order. .

The method for producing such a laminated glass for windows of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a first resin layer, an infrared reflecting film, a second resin layer, and an outer glass plate are stacked in this order on the inner glass plate, and after temporarily bonding them, about 140 ° C., 14 kgf / cm ² ( The main laminated glass for windows of the present invention can be produced by main bonding at a high temperature and high pressure treatment of about 1373 kPa).

The laminated glass for windows of the present invention preferably has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more. It is particularly preferable when used for a windshield of an automobile.
In the present invention, the visible light transmittance means the visible light transmittance defined in JIS R3212: 1998.

Moreover, the laminated glass for windows of the present invention [1] sacrifices light reflection performance in a certain wavelength region to ensure radio wave transmission, and [2] reflects light in a wavelength region with high energy. From the viewpoints of not sacrificing performance and [3] absorbing light in the wavelength region sacrificed to ensure radio wave transmission, the light incident from the outer glass plate side is 900 to 1100 nm. The reflectance of light of all wavelengths is 30 to 50%, the absorbance of light of all wavelengths in 1100 to 1300 nm is 40 to 60%, and the transmittance of light of all wavelengths in 900 to 1500 nm is 30% or less. It is preferable that This is because the solar radiation energy can be reflected while ensuring radio wave transparency, the solar radiation energy absorbed by the laminated glass can be reduced, and the re-radiation of the absorbed solar radiation energy can be suppressed to prevent the temperature inside the vehicle from rising. .
Furthermore, it is preferable that the absorptance of light of all wavelengths in 900-1100 nm is 30-50%, and the reflectance of light of all wavelengths in 1100-1300 nm is more preferably 20-40%. .
These optical characteristics are measured as follows, for example. Transmittance and reflectance between wavelengths 300-2100 nm are measured with a spectrophotometer (Hitachi U4000), and in accordance with JIS R3106, the visible light transmittance Tv (%) of light incident from the outer glass plate side, The solar transmittance Te (%), the visible light reflectance Rv (%), and the solar reflectance Re (%) are obtained. In addition, the absorptivity by the laminated glass in each wavelength is calculated | required from the transmittance | permeability and reflectance in each wavelength obtained by this spectroscopic measurement by absorptivity = 1- (reflectance + transmittance). Further, the sheet resistance value of the infrared reflective film is measured using a two-probe resistance meter (Hiresta IP, manufactured by Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd.) before the laminated glass is manufactured (after the infrared reflective film is formed and before the heat treatment).

  In the present invention, absorptivity + reflectance + transmittance = 1. Strictly speaking, light incident on the laminated glass has “scattering” in addition to “reflection”, “absorption”, and “transmission”. However, in the case of a glass article, the loss due to “scattering” is very small, so it is reasonable to set the absorption rate + reflectance + transmittance = 1.

  Further, in the present invention, “the radio wave transmission is ensured” means that the sheet resistance value measured by the two-terminal method is 1 kΩ / □ or more.

Thus, the laminated glass for windows of the present invention has an inner glass plate, a first resin layer, an infrared reflecting film, a second resin layer, and an outer glass plate in this order, and the infrared reflecting film. Is a laminated glass for windows containing an infrared absorbing material.
On the other hand, Patent Document 3 has a configuration of a first glass plate / first intermediate film / heat ray reflective film / second intermediate film / second glass plate, not a heat ray reflective film as in the present invention, A laminated glass is described in which fine particles having a heat ray shielding function are dispersed in a second intermediate film. Further, it is described that the heat ray reflective film is composed of 100% polymer without containing metal. As the fine particles having the heat ray shielding function, only ITO and hexaboride fine particles are specifically mentioned.
Unlike the laminated glass described in Patent Document 3, the present invention contains an infrared absorbing substance in the heat ray reflective film. In the present invention, the infrared absorbing dye is preferably used as the infrared absorbing substance. This dye is not described in Patent Document 3 and there is no suggestion thereof.

  The application of the laminated glass for windows of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be used for a wide range of applications. For example, automobile windows (for example, windshields, roof windows, elevating windows, side fixed windows, backlights, roof windows), vehicle windows such as railway vehicle windows; architectural windows.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the preferable aspect of the laminated glass for windows of this invention. It is the schematic for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the infrared reflective film used by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10: Laminated glass 11: Inner glass plate 12: Outer glass plate 20: Infrared reflective film 28: Base layers 21, 25, 27: High refractive index layer 24, 26: Low refractive index layer 30: First resin layer 32: Second resin layer 100: Raw material 102: Raw material 104: Multilayer feed block 106: Layer multiplier 108: Raw material 110: Feed block 111: Skin layer 112: Die 114: Fixed wire 118: Longitudinal stretch pulling roll 120: Tenter oven 122: Heat set portion 124: Roll

Claims (13)

It has an inner glass plate, a first resin layer, an infrared reflective film, a second resin layer, and an outer glass plate in this order,
The infrared reflective film is viewed contains an infrared-absorbing material,
Laminated glass for radio wave transmissive windows , wherein the infrared reflective film has alternately a high refractive index layer made of organic material and a low refractive index layer made of organic material . The laminated glass for windows according to claim 1, further comprising a zirconium oxide layer between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer. The laminated glass for windows according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer glass plate is colorless and transparent glass, and the inner glass plate is green colored transparent glass or dark glass. The laminated glass for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner glass plate is soda lime silica glass having the following composition.
SiO ₂ : 65 to 75% by mass
Al ₂ O _Three : 0.1 to 5% by mass
Na ₂ O + K ₂ O: 10 to 18% by mass
CaO: 5 to 15% by mass
MgO: 1 to 6% by mass
Fe ₂ O _Three Total iron converted: 0.3 to 1% by mass
CeO ₂ Total cerium and / or TiO converted ₂ : 0.5-2% by mass The laminated glass for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising an infrared absorbing dye as the infrared absorbing substance. The laminated glass for windows according to claim 5 , comprising a phthalocyanine dye as the infrared absorbing dye. The laminated glass for windows according to claim 5 or 6 , comprising a complex dye as the infrared absorbing dye. The laminated glass for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , comprising an infrared absorbing pigment as the infrared absorbing substance. The laminated glass for windows according to claim 8 , comprising a phthalocyanine compound as the infrared absorbing pigment. Tin-doped indium oxide as the infrared absorbing agent, zinc oxide aluminum-doped, comprising at least one particulate antimony is selected from the group consisting of doped tin oxide and zinc oxide, any one of claims 1-9 Laminated glass for windows as described in 1. The infrared reflective film has a base layer on the surface on the first resin layer side, has the high refractive index layer on the surface thereof, and has the low refractive index layer on the surface of the high refractive index layer , The laminated glass for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 10 . The laminated glass for windows according to claim 11 , wherein the base layer contains the infrared absorbing substance. The laminated glass for windows according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein visible light transmittance is 70% or more for light incident from the outer glass plate side.

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