JP4844315B2 - Small electric vehicle with fuel cell - Google Patents

Small electric vehicle with fuel cell

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JP4844315B2
JP4844315B2 JP2006254486A JP2006254486A JP4844315B2 JP 4844315 B2 JP4844315 B2 JP 4844315B2 JP 2006254486 A JP2006254486 A JP 2006254486A JP 2006254486 A JP2006254486 A JP 2006254486A JP 4844315 B2 JP4844315 B2 JP 4844315B2
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fuel cell
pump
fuel
vehicle body
tank
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JP2008074199A (en
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満 金子
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Suzuki Motor Co Ltd
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Suzuki Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/003—Cycles with four or more wheels, specially adapted for disabled riders, e.g. personal mobility type vehicles with four wheels
    • B62K5/007—Cycles with four or more wheels, specially adapted for disabled riders, e.g. personal mobility type vehicles with four wheels power-driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M23/00—Transmissions characterised by use of other elements; Other transmissions
    • B62M23/02—Transmissions characterised by use of other elements; Other transmissions characterised by the use of two or more dissimilar sources of power, e.g. transmissions for hybrid motorcycles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Description

本発明は、燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両に関する。   The present invention relates to a small electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell.

近年、車両の走行に用いる電動モータ駆動用の電源を燃料電池とした車両が開発されている。このような開発は主に四輪車を中心に行われているが、燃料電池を搭載した自動二輪車のような小型車両に対しても開発は進められている。（例えば特許文献１参照）。   In recent years, vehicles using a fuel cell as a power source for driving an electric motor used for running the vehicle have been developed. Such development is mainly performed on four-wheeled vehicles, but development is also progressing for small vehicles such as motorcycles equipped with fuel cells. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

一般に、燃料電池のシステムには電気化学反応部である燃料電池スタックに燃料と空気とを供給するためのポンプ類が必要であり、上記自動二輪車においては運転シートの下方にポンプ類を配置している。
特開２００５−１２５８４０号公報 In general, a fuel cell system requires pumps for supplying fuel and air to a fuel cell stack, which is an electrochemical reaction unit. In the above motorcycle, the pumps are arranged below the operation seat. Yes.
JP 2005-125840 A

しかしながら、燃料電池のシステムの中で、ポンプ類は最も振動・騒音を発生させる部品であり、走行性能や乗り心地を向上させるためにはその配置の工夫が重要である。   However, pumps are the components that generate the most vibration and noise in the fuel cell system, and the arrangement of the pumps is important in order to improve running performance and riding comfort.

本発明は上述した事情を考慮してなされたもので、ポンプ類をコンパクトに配置すると共に、振動・騒音の低下を図った燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a small electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell in which pumps are arranged in a compact manner and vibration and noise are reduced.

本発明に係る燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両は、上述した課題を解決するために、請求項１に記載したように、車体フレーム後部に設けられた運転シートの下部に燃料電池ユニットを搭載し、この燃料電池ユニットを車体カバーによって覆った小型電動車両において、上記燃料電池ユニットを構成する燃料電池スタックと、この燃料電池スタックに空気を供給するエアポンプとを備え、上記車体フレームの前後方向略中央部の左右のフレーム部材を連結する板状のビーム部材で構成されたフレーム部材上に上記エアポンプを配設すると共に、前記ビーム部材に前記エアポンプの上方を前後方向に跨ぐように門型のパイプフレームを連結し、このパイプフレーム上に上記燃料電池スタックを配置固定したものである。 In order to solve the above-described problem, a small electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell according to the present invention has a fuel cell unit mounted on the lower part of a driving seat provided at the rear part of the vehicle body frame, as described in claim 1, In a small electric vehicle in which the fuel cell unit is covered by a vehicle body cover, the fuel cell unit includes a fuel cell stack constituting the fuel cell unit, and an air pump for supplying air to the fuel cell stack, and a substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame The air pump is disposed on a frame member constituted by a plate-shaped beam member that connects the left and right frame members of the first and second, and a gate-shaped pipe frame is provided on the beam member so as to straddle the air pump in the front-rear direction. The fuel cell stack is connected and fixed on the pipe frame .

また、上述した課題を解決するために、請求項２に記載したように、上記燃料電池のユニットはダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池ユニットであり、燃料タンク内の燃料を循環タンク内に供給する燃料ポンプと、水タンク内の水を上記循環タンク内に供給する水ポンプと、上記循環タンク内の所定濃度に生成されたメタノール水溶液を上記燃料電池スタックに供給する循環ポンプとを備え、これらの循環ポンプ、燃料ポンプ、水ポンプのうち、少なくとも一つのポンプを上記エアポンプと車体の幅方向に並設したものである。   In order to solve the above-described problem, as described in claim 2, the fuel cell unit is a direct methanol fuel cell unit, and a fuel pump that supplies fuel in the fuel tank into the circulation tank; A water pump for supplying the water in the water tank into the circulation tank, and a circulation pump for supplying the aqueous methanol solution generated at a predetermined concentration in the circulation tank to the fuel cell stack. Of the fuel pump and the water pump, at least one pump is provided side by side in the width direction of the air pump and the vehicle body.

さらに、上述した課題を解決するために、請求項３に記載したように、上記燃料電池スタックおよび上記エアポンプの一側方に上記循環タンクおよび水タンクを並設したものである。   Further, in order to solve the above-described problem, as described in claim 3, the circulation tank and the water tank are arranged in parallel on one side of the fuel cell stack and the air pump.

本発明に係る燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両によれば、振動および騒音の抑制を図ることができ、運転シートに着座する乗員への振動および騒音の伝達を抑制できる。   According to the small electric vehicle equipped with the fuel cell according to the present invention, vibration and noise can be suppressed, and transmission of vibration and noise to an occupant seated on the driving seat can be suppressed.

また、燃料電池ユニットのコンパクト化を図ることができる。   In addition, the fuel cell unit can be made compact.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明が適用された小型電動車両としての電動四輪車の左側面図である。この電動四輪車１は、左右一対のパンクレス前輪２および同じく左右一対のパンクレス後輪３を支持するプラットフォーム型の車体フレーム４を備える。   FIG. 1 is a left side view of an electric four-wheel vehicle as a small electric vehicle to which the present invention is applied. The electric four-wheel vehicle 1 includes a platform-type vehicle body frame 4 that supports a pair of left and right punkless front wheels 2 and a pair of left and right punkless rear wheels 3.

車体フレーム４はその略中央部に足載せ部５を有し、この足載せ部５を含む車体フレーム４の前後が例えば合成樹脂製の車体カバー６で覆われる。   The vehicle body frame 4 has a footrest portion 5 at a substantially central portion thereof, and the front and rear of the vehicle body frame 4 including the footrest portion 5 are covered with a vehicle body cover 6 made of, for example, a synthetic resin.

前輪２は車体フレーム４の前部に図示しない前輪懸架装置およびステアリング機構によって左右に操舵可能に支持される。ステアリング機構を構成するステアリングポスト７は車体カバー６を構成する、乗員の足元を覆う例えばレッグシールド８内を上方に向かって立設し、その上部には前輪操舵用の操向ハンドル９と電装部１０とが回動一体に設けられる。そして、前輪２はステアリングポスト７を介して操向ハンドル９によって左右に操舵される。   The front wheel 2 is supported at the front portion of the vehicle body frame 4 so as to be steerable left and right by a front wheel suspension device and a steering mechanism (not shown). The steering post 7 constituting the steering mechanism constitutes the vehicle body cover 6, for example, the leg shield 8 that covers the feet of the occupant is erected upward, and the steering wheel 9 for steering the front wheels and the electrical part are arranged on the upper part thereof. And 10 are provided integrally with the rotation. The front wheel 2 is steered left and right by the steering handle 9 via the steering post 7.

一方、車体フレーム４の後部には後輪３に動力を伝達する駆動ユニット１１が配置される。駆動ユニット１１は内部に図示しないギヤケースおよび電動モータを備え、その前端部が車体フレーム４に上下方向にスイング自在に枢着されると共に、クッションユニット１２により車体フレーム４に弾性的に支持される。   On the other hand, a drive unit 11 that transmits power to the rear wheel 3 is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body frame 4. The drive unit 11 includes a gear case and an electric motor (not shown) inside. The front end of the drive unit 11 is pivotally attached to the body frame 4 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and is elastically supported by the body frame 4 by the cushion unit 12.

駆動ユニット１１上方の車体フレーム４後部には一段高いシートポスト１３が配置され、このシートポスト１３に運転シート１４が設置される。   A seat post 13 that is one step higher is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body frame 4 above the drive unit 11, and an operation seat 14 is installed on the seat post 13.

図２は、図１に示す電動四輪車１の左側面図であり、図３は同電動四輪車１の平面図である。また、図４は同電動四輪車１の斜視図である。なお、図２〜図４はいずれも車体カバー６等の外装品を取り外した状態を示す。   FIG. 2 is a left side view of the electric four-wheel vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the electric four-wheel vehicle 1. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the electric four-wheel vehicle 1. 2 to 4 show a state where an exterior product such as the vehicle body cover 6 is removed.

図１〜図４に示すように、車体フレーム４は車幅方向左右一対の、例えばアルミニウム製パイプから成るフレーム部材としてのメインフレーム１５と、これらのメインフレーム１５を連結する他のフレーム部材としての複数のビーム部材１７〜２２とから構成される。   As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the vehicle body frame 4 includes a main frame 15 as a frame member made of, for example, aluminum pipes and a pair of left and right in the vehicle width direction, and other frame members that connect these main frames 15. It comprises a plurality of beam members 17-22.

各メインフレーム１５は、側面視でその略中央部に形成された折曲部を最下点として直線状に前方および後方に向かって緩やかに上昇する略Ｖ字状に折曲形成され、折曲部を境に前部フレーム１５Ｆと後部フレーム１５Ｒとを形成する。また、左右の後部フレーム１５Ｒは平行に配置されると共に、平面視で上記折曲部から前方の前部フレーム１５Ｆが内側に向かって直線状に先窄まりに折曲形成される。   Each main frame 15 is bent and formed in a substantially V-shape that gently rises forward and rearward in a straight line with the bent portion formed at the substantially central portion in the side view as the lowest point. A front frame 15F and a rear frame 15R are formed at the boundary. Further, the left and right rear frames 15R are arranged in parallel, and the front frame 15F forward from the bent portion is bent in a straight line toward the inside in a plan view.

前部フレーム１５Ｆの前端（図の左側）は前記ステアリング機構を支持するステアリングブラケットおよび前輪懸架装置の一部を兼ねた第一ビーム部材１７によって連結される。また、この第一ビーム部材１７の後方には板状の第二ビーム部材１８が離間して架設される。   The front end (left side of the figure) of the front frame 15F is connected by a first beam member 17 that also serves as a steering bracket that supports the steering mechanism and a part of the front wheel suspension. A plate-like second beam member 18 is installed behind the first beam member 17 so as to be separated.

さらに、第二ビーム部材１８後方の、メインフレーム１５の折曲部直後には板状の第三ビーム部材１９が架設されると共に、この第三ビーム部材１９の後方には板状の第四ビーム部材２０が離間して架設される。そして、後部フレーム１５Ｒの後端（図の右側）は棒状の第五ビーム部材２１によって連結される。   Further, a plate-like third beam member 19 is installed immediately behind the bent portion of the main frame 15 behind the second beam member 18, and a plate-like fourth beam is placed behind the third beam member 19. The member 20 is erected apart. The rear end (right side in the figure) of the rear frame 15R is connected by a rod-like fifth beam member 21.

第二ビーム部材１８と第三ビーム部材１９との間は足載せ部５として設定され、例えば鉄製の板材をプレス加工したフロア部材２２が左右のメインフレーム１５間に跨設される。フロア部材２２は強度部材としてのビーム部材を兼ねており、平面視矩形形状を有し、前部フレーム１５Ｆの上面に載置されることによりフロア部材２２の両側前部が前部フレーム１５Ｆの外方に突出する。   A space between the second beam member 18 and the third beam member 19 is set as a footrest portion 5. For example, a floor member 22 formed by pressing an iron plate is straddled between the left and right main frames 15. The floor member 22 also serves as a beam member as a strength member, has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is placed on the upper surface of the front frame 15F so that the front portions on both sides of the floor member 22 are outside the front frame 15F. Protrudes towards.

左右の後部フレーム１５Ｒの略中央部には、例えばアルミニウム製パイプから一体的に折曲形成されたシートパイプ２３が跨設される。シートパイプ２３の、水平部分の車幅方向中央には前記運転シート１４を水平方向に回動自在且つ所定の位置においてロック可能に支持するシートポスト１３が形成される。また、このシートポスト１３の後部からは後方下部の、メインフレーム１５の後端部に架設された第五ビーム部材２１に向かって補強ステー２４が延設される。   A seat pipe 23 that is integrally bent from, for example, an aluminum pipe is straddled at a substantially central portion of the left and right rear frames 15R. A seat post 13 is formed at the center of the horizontal portion of the seat pipe 23 in the vehicle width direction so as to support the operation seat 14 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction and lockable at a predetermined position. Further, a reinforcing stay 24 is extended from the rear portion of the seat post 13 toward the fifth beam member 21 installed at the rear end portion of the main frame 15 at the lower rear portion.

左右の後部フレーム１５Ｒの略中央部下面にはそれぞれピボットブラケット２５が設けられ、これらのピボットブラケット２５に前記駆動ユニット１１の前端部がスイング自在に枢着される。また、シートポスト１３の後部には駆動ユニット１１を弾性的に支持するクッションユニット１２の上部支持ブラケット２６が設けられる。さらに、左右の後部フレーム１５Ｒの後部と、第四ビーム部材２０および第五ビーム部材２１に囲まれた空間には、例えばチャージャーや制御ユニット等の電装品２７が配置される。   Pivot brackets 25 are respectively provided on the lower surfaces of the substantially central portions of the left and right rear frames 15R, and the front end portions of the drive unit 11 are pivotally attached to the pivot brackets 25 so as to be swingable. An upper support bracket 26 of the cushion unit 12 that elastically supports the drive unit 11 is provided at the rear portion of the seat post 13. Furthermore, electrical components 27 such as a charger and a control unit are arranged in the space surrounded by the rear portions of the left and right rear frames 15R and the fourth beam member 20 and the fifth beam member 21, for example.

本発明に係る小型電動車両（電動四輪車１）に搭載される駆動ユニット１１の電動モータ（図示せず）はその電力の供給源として燃料電池を用いる。また、本実施例において、燃料電池のユニットはメタノールの水溶液を改質せずにダイレクトに発電に利用する、公知のダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池ユニット２８（以下、ＤＭＦＣユニットと略す）である。そして、図５にこのＤＭＦＣユニット２８のフロー図を示す。   The electric motor (not shown) of the drive unit 11 mounted on the small electric vehicle (electric four-wheel vehicle 1) according to the present invention uses a fuel cell as a power supply source. In the present embodiment, the unit of the fuel cell is a known direct methanol fuel cell unit 28 (hereinafter abbreviated as DMFC unit) that directly uses the methanol aqueous solution for power generation without reforming. FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the DMFC unit 28.

図５に示すように、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８はメタノールに基づく水素と空気中の酸素との電気化学反応により電気エネルギーを生成可能な単電池セル（図示せず）を複数個積層して構成される燃料電池スタック２９を備える。また、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８は燃料である、例えば５４％程度の高濃度メタノールを収容する燃料タンク３０と、この高濃度メタノールを燃料電池スタック２９の電気化学反応に適した例えば約３％濃度に希釈してメタノール水溶液を生成するための水を収容する水タンク３１と、生成されたメタノール水溶液を収容する循環タンク３２とを備える。   As shown in FIG. 5, the DMFC unit 28 is a fuel constituted by stacking a plurality of single battery cells (not shown) capable of generating electric energy by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen based on methanol and oxygen in the air. A battery stack 29 is provided. In addition, the DMFC unit 28 is a fuel tank 30 that stores high concentration methanol, for example, about 54%, and the high concentration methanol is diluted to about 3% concentration suitable for the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell stack 29, for example. A water tank 31 for storing water for generating a methanol aqueous solution and a circulation tank 32 for storing the generated methanol aqueous solution.

さらに、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８は燃料タンク３０内の高濃度メタノールを循環タンク３２内に供給する燃料ポンプ３３と、水タンク３１内の水を循環タンク３２内に供給する水ポンプ３４と、循環タンク３２内のメタノール水溶液を燃料電池スタック２９に供給する循環ポンプ３５とを備える。   Further, the DMFC unit 28 includes a fuel pump 33 that supplies high-concentration methanol in the fuel tank 30 into the circulation tank 32, a water pump 34 that supplies water in the water tank 31 into the circulation tank 32, and an inside of the circulation tank 32. And a circulation pump 35 for supplying the methanol aqueous solution to the fuel cell stack 29.

そして、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８は燃料電池スタック２９に酸素を含む空気を供給するエアポンプ３６と、燃料電池スタック２９内の電気化学反応による電気エネルギー生成時に副産物として生成される高温の水蒸気を含んだ排気ガスを冷却するラジエター３７とを備える。   The DMFC unit 28 supplies an air pump 36 for supplying air containing oxygen to the fuel cell stack 29, and exhaust gas containing high-temperature steam generated as a by-product when electric energy is generated by an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack 29. And a radiator 37 for cooling.

ＤＭＦＣユニット２８は、メタノール水溶液と空気とを燃料電池スタック２９内において電気化学反応させることにより電気エネルギーを生成させる。また、この電気化学反応時に生成される炭酸ガスおよび使用されなかった一部のメタノール水溶液は循環タンク３２に導かれる。循環タンク３２内においてはメタノール水溶液の濃度が常時モニタされ、必要に応じて高濃度メタノールや水を自動的に加えることによりメタノール水溶液の濃度を一定に維持するように構成される。   The DMFC unit 28 generates electrical energy by causing an electrochemical reaction between the aqueous methanol solution and air in the fuel cell stack 29. Further, the carbon dioxide gas generated during the electrochemical reaction and a part of the methanol aqueous solution not used are led to the circulation tank 32. The concentration of the aqueous methanol solution is constantly monitored in the circulation tank 32, and the concentration of the aqueous methanol solution is maintained constant by automatically adding high-concentration methanol or water as necessary.

一方、電気エネルギー生成時に生成される排気ガスはラジエター３７によって冷却されて水と空気に分離された後、水タンク３１に導かれる。また、循環タンク３２に導かれた炭酸ガスも同様に水タンク３１に導かれる。そして、水タンク３１に導かれた空気、炭酸ガスおよび水タンク３１をオーバーフローした水は排気フィルタ３８を介して外部に排出される。   On the other hand, the exhaust gas generated at the time of generating electric energy is cooled by the radiator 37 and separated into water and air, and then guided to the water tank 31. Similarly, the carbon dioxide gas guided to the circulation tank 32 is also guided to the water tank 31. Then, the air guided to the water tank 31, the carbon dioxide gas, and the water overflowing the water tank 31 are discharged to the outside through the exhaust filter 38.

次に、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８の各機器のレイアウトについて述べる。図２〜図４に示すように、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８は車体フレーム４後部に設けられた運転シート１４の下部に搭載され、車体カバー６によって全体が覆われる。   Next, the layout of each device of the DMFC unit 28 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the DMFC unit 28 is mounted on the lower part of the driving seat 14 provided at the rear part of the vehicle body frame 4, and is entirely covered by the vehicle body cover 6.

左右一対のメインフレーム１５を連結する複数のビーム部材のうち、車体フレーム４の前後方向略中央部に配置される板状の第三ビーム部材１９上には上記エアポンプ３６が配設され固定される。また、第三ビーム部材１９からその後方に配置された板状の第四ビーム部材２０にかけてエアポンプ３６の上方を前後方向に跨ぐように門型のパイプフレーム３９が架設され、このパイプフレーム３９上に上記燃料電池スタック２９が配設され固定される。エアポンプ３６、パイプフレーム３９および燃料電池スタック２９は車体の幅方向一側、本実施形態においては右側にオフセット配置され、エアポンプ３６の左側に開いたスペースの第三ビーム部材１９上には、燃料系ポンプを構成する上記循環ポンプ３５、燃料ポンプ３３、水ポンプ３４のうち、例えば上記循環ポンプ３５が車体の幅方向に並設されると共に、燃料電池スタック２９の左側に開いたスペースには車体の側面に沿うようにラジエター３７が配設される。さらに、ラジエター３７の燃料電池スタック２９側面にはラジエター３７の冷却ファン４０が配設される。   Of the plurality of beam members that connect the pair of left and right main frames 15, the air pump 36 is disposed and fixed on the plate-shaped third beam member 19 that is disposed at a substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 4. . A gate-shaped pipe frame 39 is installed from the third beam member 19 to the plate-shaped fourth beam member 20 disposed behind the third beam member 19 so as to straddle the air pump 36 in the front-rear direction. The fuel cell stack 29 is disposed and fixed. The air pump 36, the pipe frame 39, and the fuel cell stack 29 are offset on one side in the width direction of the vehicle body, on the right side in the present embodiment, and on the third beam member 19 in the space opened on the left side of the air pump 36, the fuel system Of the circulation pump 35, the fuel pump 33, and the water pump 34 constituting the pump, for example, the circulation pump 35 is arranged in parallel in the width direction of the vehicle body, and a space opened on the left side of the fuel cell stack 29 is provided in the space of the vehicle body. A radiator 37 is disposed along the side surface. Further, a cooling fan 40 of the radiator 37 is disposed on the side surface of the fuel cell stack 29 of the radiator 37.

一方、エアポンプ３６および燃料電池スタック２９の一側方、本実施形態においては後方スペースに残りの燃料系ポンプ、本実施形態に置いては燃料ポンプ３３および水ポンプ３４、並びに循環タンク３２および水タンク３１が車体の幅方向に並設される。さらに、ラジエター３７の下部スペースには排気フィルタ３８が配設されると共に、図１に示すように、ラジエター３７に対向した車体カバー６の側面には冷却風の取入口４１が設けられる。   On the other hand, one side of the air pump 36 and the fuel cell stack 29, in this embodiment, the remaining fuel pump in the rear space, the fuel pump 33 and the water pump 34, and the circulation tank 32 and the water tank in this embodiment. 31 are juxtaposed in the width direction of the vehicle body. Further, an exhaust filter 38 is disposed in a lower space of the radiator 37, and a cooling air intake 41 is provided on a side surface of the vehicle body cover 6 facing the radiator 37 as shown in FIG.

そして、燃料タンク３０は、その前後方向寸法が小さく、上下左右方向寸法が大きい板状のタンク形状を呈し、前記左右一対の前輪２の間、且つ前輪２の上方に配置される。好ましくは、燃料タンク３０は、車体カバー６を構成するレッグシールド８内のステアリングポスト７前方のスペース内に収容され、給油口４２がレッグシールド８の例えば左上部に配置されると共に、燃料タンク３０の前方、レッグシールド８の前面には衝撃吸収部材としての荷物搭載用バスケット４３が設けられる。   The fuel tank 30 has a plate-like tank shape having a small size in the front-rear direction and a large size in the vertical and horizontal directions, and is disposed between the pair of left and right front wheels 2 and above the front wheels 2. Preferably, the fuel tank 30 is accommodated in a space in front of the steering post 7 in the leg shield 8 constituting the vehicle body cover 6, and the fuel filler 42 is disposed, for example, in the upper left part of the leg shield 8. The front of the leg shield 8 is provided with a luggage mounting basket 43 as an impact absorbing member.

次に、本実施形態の作用について説明する。   Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

燃料電池スタック２９に空気を供給するエアポンプ３６はＤＭＦＣユニット２８を構成する部品中最も振動および騒音が大きいものである。一方、車体フレーム４の中央部付近はその構成上最も車体剛性が高い部分である。そこで、エアポンプ３６を左右一対のメインフレーム１５を連結する複数のビーム部材のうち、車体フレーム４の前後方向略中央部に配置される板状の第三ビーム部材１９上に配設し固定すれば振動の車体各部への伝達を抑制できる。また、エアポンプ３６は車体カバー６で覆われていることに加え、その上方に燃料電池スタック２９を配置したことによりＤＭＦＣユニット２８上方に配置された運転シート１４に着座する乗員への騒音の伝達を抑制できる。   The air pump 36 that supplies air to the fuel cell stack 29 has the largest vibration and noise among the components constituting the DMFC unit 28. On the other hand, the vicinity of the center portion of the vehicle body frame 4 is a portion having the highest vehicle body rigidity in terms of its configuration. Therefore, if the air pump 36 is disposed and fixed on the plate-shaped third beam member 19 disposed at the substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the body frame 4 among the plurality of beam members connecting the pair of left and right main frames 15. Transmission of vibration to each part of the vehicle body can be suppressed. In addition to the air pump 36 being covered with the vehicle body cover 6, the fuel cell stack 29 is disposed above the air pump 36, thereby transmitting noise to an occupant seated on the operation seat 14 disposed above the DMFC unit 28. Can be suppressed.

さらに、燃料系ポンプを構成する循環ポンプ３５、燃料ポンプ３３、水ポンプ３４のうち、少なくとも一つのポンプ、本実施形態に置いては循環ポンプ３５をエアポンプ３６と並設することにより、更なる振動および騒音の抑制が図れるに加え、ＤＭＦＣユニット２８のコンパクト化を図ることができる。   Further, at least one of the circulation pump 35, the fuel pump 33, and the water pump 34 constituting the fuel system pump, in the present embodiment, the circulation pump 35 is provided in parallel with the air pump 36, thereby further vibration. In addition to suppressing noise, the DMFC unit 28 can be made compact.

さらにまた、液体のタンク類のうち、本実施形態においては循環タンク３２および水タンク３１をエアポンプ３６の後方に並設したことにより、これらのタンク類が遮音壁となり、騒音の伝達をより抑制できる。   Furthermore, among the liquid tanks, in the present embodiment, the circulation tank 32 and the water tank 31 are arranged in parallel behind the air pump 36, so that these tanks serve as sound insulation walls, and noise transmission can be further suppressed.

そして、燃料電池スタック２９固定用の部材を、エアポンプ３６の上方を前後方向に跨ぐような門型のパイプフレーム３９として第三ビーム部材１９とその後方の第四ビーム部材２０間に架設したことにより、エアポンプ３６が固定される第三ビーム部材１９の剛性をより高めることができ、振動の伝達をより抑制できる。   The member for fixing the fuel cell stack 29 is installed between the third beam member 19 and the fourth beam member 20 behind it as a gate-type pipe frame 39 that extends over the air pump 36 in the front-rear direction. The rigidity of the third beam member 19 to which the air pump 36 is fixed can be further increased, and the transmission of vibration can be further suppressed.

そしてまた、重量が嵩むＤＭＦＣユニット２８を車体の中央下部に集中して配置することにより、車両の低重心化を図ることができ、車両の操作性や走行安定性が向上する。   Further, by placing the heavy DMFC unit 28 in the center lower part of the vehicle body, the center of gravity of the vehicle can be lowered, and the operability and running stability of the vehicle are improved.

本発明に係る燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両の一実施形態を示す電動四輪車の左側面図。The left view of the electric four-wheeled vehicle which shows one Embodiment of the small electric vehicle carrying a fuel cell which concerns on this invention. 図１に示す電動四輪車の左側面図。The left view of the electric four-wheeled vehicle shown in FIG. 図１に示す電動四輪車の平面図。The top view of the electric four-wheeled vehicle shown in FIG. 図１に示す電動四輪車の斜視図。The perspective view of the electric four-wheeled vehicle shown in FIG. ダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池ユニット（ＤＭＦＣユニット）のフロー図。The flow chart of a direct methanol fuel cell unit (DMFC unit).

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 電動四輪車（小型電動車両）
４ 車体フレーム
６ 車体カバー
１４ 運転シート
１５ メインフレーム（フレーム部材）
１９ 第三ビーム部材（フレーム部材）
２８ ＤＭＦＣユニット（燃料電池ユニット）
２９ 燃料電池スタック
３０ 燃料タンク
３１ 水タンク
３２ 循環タンク
３３ 燃料ポンプ
３４ 水ポンプ
３５ 循環ポンプ
３６ エアポンプ
３９ パイプフレーム 1 Electric four-wheeled vehicle (small electric vehicle)
4 Body frame 6 Body cover 14 Driving seat 15 Main frame (frame member)
19 Third beam member (frame member)
28 DMFC unit (fuel cell unit)
29 Fuel cell stack 30 Fuel tank 31 Water tank 32 Circulation tank 33 Fuel pump 34 Water pump 35 Circulation pump 36 Air pump 39 Pipe frame

Claims (3)

車体フレーム後部に設けられた運転シートの下部に燃料電池ユニットを搭載し、この燃料電池ユニットを車体カバーによって覆った小型電動車両において、上記燃料電池ユニットを構成する燃料電池スタックと、この燃料電池スタックに空気を供給するエアポンプとを備え、上記車体フレームの前後方向略中央部の左右のフレーム部材を連結する板状のビーム部材で構成されたフレーム部材上に上記エアポンプを配設すると共に、前記ビーム部材に前記エアポンプの上方を前後方向に跨ぐように門型のパイプフレームを連結し、このパイプフレーム上に上記燃料電池スタックを配置固定したことを特徴とする燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両。 In a small electric vehicle in which a fuel cell unit is mounted below a driving seat provided at the rear part of a vehicle body frame and this fuel cell unit is covered with a vehicle body cover, the fuel cell stack constituting the fuel cell unit, and the fuel cell stack An air pump for supplying air to the vehicle body frame, and the air pump is disposed on a frame member composed of a plate-like beam member that connects the left and right frame members at a substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame, and the beam A small electric vehicle with a fuel cell , wherein a gate-type pipe frame is connected to a member so as to straddle the air pump in the front-rear direction, and the fuel cell stack is disposed and fixed on the pipe frame . 上記燃料電池のユニットはダイレクトメタノール型燃料電池ユニットであり、燃料タンク内の燃料を循環タンク内に供給する燃料ポンプと、水タンク内の水を上記循環タンク内に供給する水ポンプと、上記循環タンク内の所定濃度に生成されたメタノール水溶液を上記燃料電池スタックに供給する循環ポンプとを備え、これらの循環ポンプ、燃料ポンプ、水ポンプのうち、少なくとも一つのポンプを上記エアポンプと車体の幅方向に並設した請求項１記載の燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両。 The fuel cell unit is a direct methanol fuel cell unit, a fuel pump that supplies fuel in the fuel tank into the circulation tank, a water pump that supplies water in the water tank into the circulation tank, and the circulation A circulation pump for supplying a methanol aqueous solution generated at a predetermined concentration in the tank to the fuel cell stack, and at least one of the circulation pump, the fuel pump, and the water pump is connected in the width direction of the air pump and the vehicle body. A compact electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell according to claim 1 arranged side by side. 上記燃料電池スタックおよび上記エアポンプの一方側に上記循環タンクおよび水タンクを並設した請求項１または２記載の燃料電池搭載の小型電動車両。 The small electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the circulation tank and the water tank are arranged in parallel on one side of the fuel cell stack and the air pump.
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