JP4843486B2 - Method and apparatus for modernizing elevator hoisting function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for modernizing the hoisting function of an elevator, in the case of an elevator with machine room provided with hoisting ropes (4), wherein the suspension (1) of the elevator is changed in conjunction with modernization into N:1 suspension, where N has at least an integer value in the range of 2...16. The rope suspension (1) is provided with at least two diverting pulleys (7, 12), around which each hoisting rope (4) runs in such manner that, in the running direction of the hoisting rope (4), the first diverting pulley (7) lies between diverting pulleys (6) and (8) connected to the counterweight (3), and that, in the running direction of the hoisting rope (4), the second diverting pulley (12) lies between diverting pulleys (11) and (13) connected to the elevator car (2).

Description

Detailed description

The present invention relates to a method according to the first stage of claim 1 and a modernization device according to the first stage of claim 4 that makes the hoisting function of an elevator up-to-date.

  An important objective in elevator development work was to achieve efficient and economical use of the building space. In the elevator system of the prior art provided with a machine room or a space corresponding thereto, the arrangement of the hoisting machine and the space required for this limit the freedom of selection of the elevator design system. Additional space is required in the device for the rope to pass between the machine room and the elevator shaft. In particular, the size and weight of machines designed for higher loads, higher speeds, and / or higher hoisting heights are problematic in terms of installation. Because there is not enough space, it is not always possible to place the machine and the plurality of turning pulleys in the required positions.

  The specification WO 99/43589 discloses an elevator suspended with a flat belt that achieves a relatively small bend diameter of the belt in the drive sheave and turning pulley. However, the problems with this scheme are the limited design scheme, the arrangement of components on the elevator shaft, and the alignment of the turning pulleys. Furthermore, the alignment of the polyurethane-coated belts used is also a problem in situations where there are load-bearing steel components inside them, for example in a car tilted situation. In an elevator executed in this way, it is necessary to make at least the structures and / or the machines mounted in their positions considerably larger and heavier to avoid unwanted vibrations. In addition, the large and heavy structure of the remainder of the elevator structure necessary to maintain the mutual alignment of the turning pulley and the drive sheave increases the weight and cost of the elevator. In addition, the installation and adjustment of such systems is a difficult task that requires great precision.

  With respect to elevator modernization, elevator suspension can be altered by replacing the initial 1: 1 or 2: 1 suspension with a 4: 1 or higher suspension. This allows the use of small hoisting machines and diverting pulleys, which makes it easier to place them in the proper position in relation to the elevator design. However, in the case of an elevator provided with a machine room, it is necessary to increase the number of holes penetrating the bottom of the machine room so that all new ropes necessary for 4: 1 suspension can be passed. There is. However, drilling new holes in the bottom of the machine room is expensive and dangerous. This is because there may be a reinforcing bar, or the like, where exactly the bottom structure needs to be drilled. In previously known systems, it has not been sufficient to enlarge the old hole. Often, when the machine room is located above the shaft, another issue is how to pass the elevator hoisting rope from the machine room to the elevator car and counterweight of the shaft.

  The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks and is economical, simple and easy to implement using smaller diameter drive and turn pulleys by replacing elevator suspensions with N: 1 suspensions for modernization. The aim is to reduce the size and / or weight of the elevator machine by providing this possibility. Here, N has an integer value in the range of at least 2-16. If the value of N is 4, good practical application is achieved. In particular, even-numbered car suspension ratios are very easy to implement. For example, increasing the number of diverting pulleys on the car to 3 gives a 6: 1 suspension ratio, while 4 diverting pulleys gives an 8: 1 suspension ratio and 5 directions. The conversion pulley provides a 10: 1 suspension ratio. This of course means that a diverting pulley needs to be added to the rest of the elevator and that the overall length of the rope is increased. On the other hand, the use of parallel ropes can be reduced by increasing the suspension ratio, and the overall rope length of the elevator rope need not necessarily be increased so much as the suspension ratio increases. Another objective is to allow the elevator rope to be installed quickly and easily. A further objective is to reduce electricity consumption.

The method of the present invention for updating the hoisting function of an elevator is characterized by the disclosure in the characterizing part of claim 1, and the modernizing device of the present invention is disclosed in the characterizing part of claim 4 . Characterized. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is disclosed in the other claims.

By applying the present invention, among others, one or more of the following advantages may be achieved.
-A thin hoisting rope and 4: 1 suspension make the drive sheave and direction change pulley smaller and lighter than those used in conventional elevators.
-A small drive sheave makes the elevator brakes smaller.
-Because of the small drive sheaves, the torque requirements are reduced, which makes the motor and its operating brake smaller.
-Because of the smaller drive sheave and 4: 1 suspension, this same motor output is achieved by a smaller motor, as a higher rotational speed is required to achieve a given elevator car speed. Is done.
-The use of small drive sheaves allows the use of smaller elevator drive motors, which reduces drive motor acquisition / manufacturing costs.
-Due to the small size and the thin rope, the elevator machine can be arranged relatively easily in the machine room.
The weight of the elevator car and the counterweight can be fully or at least partially borne by the elevator guide rails.
-In the elevator to which the present invention is applied, the central suspension between the elevator car and the counterweight can be easily arranged, thereby reducing the supporting force from the side surface loaded on the guide rail.
-The present invention reduces elevator installation time and overall installation costs compared to the case where it is deemed necessary to make new holes in the bottom of the machine room.
-Lighter, thinner and easier to handle ropes, and the ability to drop these ropes from the machine room to the elevator shaft, makes installation much easier and faster.
-The invention can be applied to geared and gearless elevator motor systems.

  The main scope of application of the invention is in elevators designed for the transport of people and / or cargo. The elevator system of the present invention uses a rope that is thinner than that previously used for elevator modernization, preferably a substantially thinner rope, for example about 4-6 mm or smaller in diameter. As a result, the size of the drive sheave and the direction change pulley can be reliably reduced.

  The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a typical elevator suspension system 1 according to the present invention which uses an opening 16 already made in the machine room floor 15 to update the initial 2: 1 suspension. : 1 is suspended. The elevator hoisting machine is connected to a set of hoisting ropes via a drive sheave 9, which consists for example of hoisting ropes 4 which are substantially circular in cross-section and support the counterweight 3 and the elevator car 2. ing. The counterweight 3 and the elevator car 2 move along their tracks, i.e. guide rails. For clarity, only one of these parallel hoists 4 is shown in the figure.

Parallel hoisting ropes 4 are attached at their first end to a fixed starting point 5 in the machine room above the elevator shaft, from which the hoisting ropes open downwards in the machine room floor 15. through section 16b, square go towards the direction diverting pulley 6, rectangular direction diverting pulley 6 is arranged is connected to the counterweight 3, for example, on top of the counterweight 3. Direction elevator hoisting ropes from diverting pulley 6, goes up to the diverting pulley 7 that correspond that are located in the machine room above the elevator shaft. The rope going upward is fed through the opening 16a in the floor 15 of the machine room. Orbiting the traction sheave 7, the ropes 4 to again downward, it passes through the opening 16a goes to direction diverting pulley 8, rectangular direction diverting pulley 8 is mounted on top of the counterweight 3, further this square is of the same dimensions as the direction diverting pulley 6, the latter are arranged immediately next to the shaft in both directions diverting pulley is mounted alternately on the same line, further diverting pulley 8, the direction about its axis It rotates in the opposite direction to the conversion pulley 6. Around the turning pulley 8, the hoisting rope 4 goes upward, through the opening 16b in the floor of the machine room to the drive sheave 9 of the elevator machine in the machine room. Accordingly, the rope 4 is passed through each opening 16a and 16b four times.

Passing through the drive sheave 9, the hoisting rope 4 passes through the turning pulley 10 and again enters the elevator shaft from the machine room through the third opening 16c in the machine room floor. The direction change pulley 10 moves the rope 4 horizontally and sends it to the correct position above the opening 16c. Rope 4 wound up from diverting pulley 10, it was arranged on top of the elevator car 2 go down to the direction diverting pulley 11, passed around this diverting pulley, the rope is again the bed 15 of the machine room 4 Through the opening 16d of the machine and up to the turning pulley 12 arranged in the machine room. After passing around the diverting pulley 12, the hoisting ropes 4 is again through the opening 16d, towards that have been placed on top of the elevator car 2 go down to the direction diverting pulley 13, the diverting pulley is rectangular direction diverting pulley 11 and is arranged right next to the latter. Both shafts of the direction change pulleys 11 and 13 are alternately arranged on the same line. Rotate in the direction opposite to the direction of the direction change pulley 11 . After passing around the rectangular direction diverting pulleys 13, the hoisting ropes 4 is again through the floor of the opening 16c of the machine room, go up to the fixed unit 14 fixed to the machine room. Accordingly, the rope 4 passes through the openings 16c and 16d four times.

  In order to allow the hoisting rope 4 to pass through all the openings 16a to 16d of the machine room floor 15 twice, the fixing points 5 and 14, the turning pulleys 7 and 12, the drive sheave 9 and It is necessary to arrange the direction change pulley 10 so that the hoisting ropes that run in different directions through the holes 16a to 16d do not disturb each other's passages. In accordance with the present invention, openings 16a-16d already made in the machine room floor 15 and designed for 2: 1 suspension are sufficient for all required rope traffic through the floor. The above-described devices are additionally arranged so that Thus, for example, the rope fixing means 5 and 14 are arranged above or in relation to the opening closest to the machine and the drive sheave 9, ie the openings 16b and 16c closest to the middle.

  Similarly, diverting pulleys 7 and 12 have outermost openings 16a that are closer to the machine room sidewalls so that these diverting pulleys rotate and turn about their axes so that the rope can pass through the floor. And 16d above or in relation to each other. In addition, when the elevator car and the counterweight move from the upper end of the elevator shaft to its lower end and vice versa, no extra strain is applied to the hoisting rope 4 when the rope angle changes slightly. If necessary, the direction change pulleys 7 and 12 are provided with a structure for moving them.

  FIG. 2 shows the principle of the present invention for lowering the hoisting rope 4 from the machine room to the elevator shaft in relation to the above-mentioned modernization, in which case the initial 2: 1 suspension is replaced by a 4: 1 suspension. When the hoisting rope 4 is being lowered from the machine room to the elevator shaft, there is often a problem of how to easily and easily lower the rope. This is because there is a great risk that a thin and long parallel rope will be kinked or entangled in a narrow space. Furthermore, it is difficult to lower the rope skein even if it is slightly tangled, if it is pulled only by the weight of the rope itself.

  According to the present invention, when it is necessary to lower the rope, the diverting pulleys 11, 13 and 6, 8 mounted on the top of the cage and the counterweight are used as weights so that the ropes are as far apart as possible from each other. ing. The rope that is mounted to turn the diverting pulleys 6 and 8 of the counterweight 3 is attached by first moving the elevator car 2 to the upper end of the elevator shaft, where it is a rope or hoisting device, or Fixed in place by an equivalent. The counterweight 3 is likewise at the lower end of the elevator shaft and is fixed here to remove the old elevator rope.

  In the machine room, the diverting pulleys 6 and 8 are combined to form a suitable diverting pulley group 17, which passes through one opening 16a-16d in the machine room floor to the elevator shaft space. be able to. In the direction change pulley group 17 according to this embodiment, the direction change pulleys 6 and 8 are arranged side by side according to their final operating positions.

  When all preparations for rope installation are complete at the elevator shaft, installation begins, for example, by suspending a counterweight with the elevator rope. First, an elevator rope is attached to the turning pulleys 6 and 8 that are attached to the counterweight so that the rope runs to the final operating position. The first end of the hoisting rope 4 is withdrawn from the reel 18 of the machine room and is first turned around the turning pulley 8, and then the rope is further fed to the turning pulley 7 already fixed in the machine room, Beyond that, the diverting pulley 6 is further rotated and then fed, after which the first end of the rope is secured to a fixed starting point in the machine room. In this connection, support elements are also provided on all the direction change pulleys 6 to 8 in order to ensure that the hoisting rope does not come off the rope grooves of these direction change pulleys.

  Directional pulley group 17 provided with a rope, which includes at least the rope pulleys 6 and 8 and is now lowered to the elevator shaft via openings 16a or 16b in the machine room floor, the group being supported by a hoisting rope ing. The elevator shaft has at least one person standing at the top of the elevator car to receive this group, and this person reaches for the turn pulley and takes them first, for example, down to the top of the elevator car. Thereafter, at the top of the car, the mechanism shown in FIG. 3 acting as an installation tool is installed around the direction change pulley group 17 consisting of direction change pulleys 6 and 8.

  The mechanism shown in FIG. 3 has a frame structure, which consists of two parallel horizontal square tube-shaped frame beams 21 connected to each other. There is a substantially vertical guide beam 20 at the outer end of each frame beam 21, with a guide element 23 at the upper and lower ends, a counterweight guide rail and, if necessary, an elevator car guide rail. Installed to receive. The horizontal distance between the guide beams 20 can be adjusted to match the distance between the guide rails of the elevator shaft. This adjustment is performed by moving the guide beam 20 in the longitudinal direction of the frame beam 21 and fixing the guide beam at a predetermined position by the fixing element 22. If necessary, the installation tool can be additionally provided with a weight 19 to facilitate the descent of the rope from the machine room.

  After the installation tool is assembled around the turning pulley group, the installation tool is attached to the guide rail of the counterweight 3 so that the guide element 20 can be moved along the counterweight guide rail. The rope can be slid down in the machine room so that the installation tool can slide down the guide rails of the counterweights along with the counterweight pulleys 6 and 8 until the group of redirecting pulleys hits the upper beam of the counterweight 3 at the bottom of the shaft. Remove from reel 18. Next, the direction change pulley group is fixed to the counterweight, and the installation tool is removed.

  The use of the installation tool described above has the advantage that the ropes remain straight during the descent phase and are, for example, more incompatible with each other. A further advantage is that the mass of the installation tool itself is generally sufficient for the lowering of the turning pulley and no additional weight is required.

  In addition to the method described above, installation tools can also be applied to the installation of the direction change pulleys 11 and 13 mounted on the upper part of the elevator car 2, if necessary, and likewise to the lowering of the hoisting rope. However, since the distance from the machine room to the elevator car 2 when the elevator car 2 is at its highest position is short, installation on the upper part of the car is easy in terms of available space. In most cases, the use of installation tools can be omitted. Thus, in such a case, the group of turning pulleys already provided with the rope in the machine room as described above and including at least the turning pulleys 11 and 13 are lowered through suitable openings 16a-16d in the machine room floor. It is enough to be received directly at the top of the elevator car and installed in place.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, but that they can be varied within the scope of the appended claims. According to the embodiment described above, the person skilled in the art can implement the embodiment of the present invention by, for example, placing the machine room rope fixing means 5 and 14 and the direction change pulleys 7 and 12 at positions different from those described above. Can be changed. If possible, the fixing points 5 and 14 can also be arranged directly below the floor of the machine room above the elevator shaft. In such a case, the space for the hoisting rope is further increased in the openings 16b and 16c. Furthermore, both fixed points 5 and 14 and the direction change pulleys 7 and 12 or only the direction change pulleys 7 and 12 can be arranged on the elevator shaft below the floor of the machine room as described above. In such a case, the space for the hoisting rope also increases in the openings 16a and 16d.

  Furthermore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the shape of the diverting pulley group 17 that facilitates the installation operation and the use of installation time can be different from those described above. Therefore, various devices can be installed and prepared for operation by installation procedures different from those described above. Similarly, depending on the dimensions, the direction change pulleys can be arranged side by side in the direction change pulley group 17 as in the embodiment, or they can be arranged one above the other. Similarly, the size, quantity and position of the openings 16a, 16b in the machine room floor can be different from those described above.

  When moving the car, parallel direction change pulleys 6 and 8 connected to the counterweight 3 and parallel direction change pulleys 11 and 13 connected to the elevator car 2 are arranged in an array of ropes and direction change pulleys. Accordingly, those skilled in the art can also rotate in the same direction or in the opposite direction relative to each other so that the peripheral speed of the parallel redirecting pulley of the 4: 1 suspended elevator is 2: 1. Is clear.

  Furthermore, although the embodiments of the present invention use fairly thin ropes, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can also be applied to elevators where the new ropes are clearly thicker than these ropes. Is obvious. For example, an update that replaces the initial 12 mm rope with an 8 mm rope can be included within the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view from the top of an elevator modernized by the method of the present invention replacing an initial 2: 1 suspension with a 4: 1 suspension. FIG. 2 is a schematic simplified view of the principle of the present invention for lowering an elevator rope to an elevator shaft in a side view. FIG. 3 shows a top perspective view of an installation tool applicable to lowering a group of turning pulleys to an elevator shaft.

Claims (5)

With respect to an elevator with a machine room provided with a hoisting rope, in the method of modernizing an elevator hoisting function in which the hoisting device of the elevator is suspended 4: 1 with respect to the modernization, the rope hoisting device includes first and second A direction change pulley is provided, and each hoisting rope is attached to and run around these pulleys. In the running direction of the hoisting rope, the first direction change pulley is connected between the third and fourth direction change pulleys connected to the counterweight. And in the direction of travel of the hoisting rope, a second direction change pulley is arranged between the fifth and sixth direction change pulleys connected to the elevator car, and for the installation of 4: 1 suspension, the machine rows that have the passage of the rope that is all needed, through the opening already made on the floor of the machine room between the chamber and the elevator shaft A direction changing pulley attached to the machine room and a fixed fixing means attached to the machine room substantially above the opening already made in the floor of the machine room and substantially in the longitudinal direction. An elevator hoisting function modernization method, characterized by being arranged in a line with the opening .   The method of claim 1, wherein when moving the elevator car, the parallel third and fourth turning pulleys connected to the counterweight and each other connected to the elevator car. Depending on the rope / direction pulley arrangement, the parallel fifth and sixth direction pulleys can be rotated either in the same direction or in opposite directions, and the 4: 1 suspended elevator A method characterized in that each elevator rope is attached to the rope suspension so that the circumferential speed of parallel direction change pulleys is 2: 1. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein for the installation, the elevator hoisting rope is lowered from the machine room through an opening in the floor of the machine room to the elevator shaft, and the hoisting rope is connected to the third and third hoisting ropes. 4. A method of mounting to support four diverting pulleys and / or diverting pulley groups comprising fifth and sixth diverting pulleys and an additional weight. The elevator suspension with at least one hoisting rope and one machine room has been changed to a 4: 1 suspension for modernization, and third and fourth turning pulleys connected to the counterweight and to the elevator car In an elevator modernization apparatus comprising connected fifth and sixth turning pulleys, first and second turning pulleys are disposed on the rope suspension device, and the hoisting rope is in first and second directions. Mounted around the diverting pulley, the hoisting rope is connected to the counterweight from a third diverting pulley connected to the counterweight and around the first diverting pulley of the rope suspension device. And the hoisting rope is fed from the sixth diverting pulley connected to the elevator car to the fourth diverting pulley. By traveling around the second diverting pulley-loop suspension device, it is sent to the fifth diverting pulley being connected to the elevator car,
A first turning pulley placed between the third and fourth turning pulleys of the counterweight according to the passing of the hoisting rope is disposed in the machine room, and according to the passing of the hoisting rope, the first of the elevator cars A second turning pulley placed between the fifth and sixth turning pulleys is disposed in the machine room;
The passage of all ropes between the machine room and the elevator shaft passes through openings already made in the floor of the machine room and is fixed and fixed to the machine room turning pulley attached to the machine room. An elevator modernization apparatus characterized in that the fixing means is above the opening already made in the floor of the machine room and is substantially aligned with the opening in the longitudinal direction. 5. The elevator modernization apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the third and fourth turning pulleys are arranged side by side on top of the counterweight, and in the same direction depending on the suspension device of the rope / turning pulley. Or it is arrange | positioned so that it may rotate to either of the opposite direction, and the peripheral speed of the parallel direction change pulley of a 4: 1 suspended elevator is 2: 1, and the 5th and 6th direction change pulley is an elevator. Arranged side by side on the top of the car and arranged to rotate either in the same direction or in opposite directions depending on the rope / direction pulley suspension, the parallel of the 4: 1 suspended elevator An elevator modernization apparatus characterized in that the circumferential speed of the direction change pulley is 2: 1.

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