JP4840011B2 - X-ray equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an X-ray apparatus including an X-ray tube that irradiates a subject with X-rays and an X-ray image receiver that receives X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube.

In this type of X-ray apparatus, an X-ray tube or an X-ray receiver is brought close to a subject to perform fluoroscopy or radiography with X-rays.
Therefore, when moving the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver, the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver may come into contact with the subject or may collide with a peripheral device such as an operator or an image display monitor. There is.

  Therefore, conventionally, a contact sensor that detects contact with a mechanical switch or the like on a portion that may come into contact with a subject such as an X-ray tube or an X-ray receiver, an operator, or a peripheral device, or a capacitance A non-contact sensor that detects the approach is provided, detects contact or approach with the subject, surgeon, or peripheral device, stops the movable part, and causes contact or collision as described above and collision with large impact force. Was to be able to avoid.

  However, a contact sensor may not react reliably to contact from a certain angle. Normally, a contact sensor is provided with a bumper held by a compression coil spring and detects that the bumper has been moved by contact with a mechanical switch such as a limit switch. However, the elastic displacement direction of the compression coil spring and the mechanical switch Contact from an oblique direction different from the movable direction is difficult to detect.

  Further, in the non-contact sensor, an electrode cannot be disposed on a surface on which X-rays are incident, and contact with a surface on which X-rays are incident is detected in the reaction range of the electrodes disposed on the periphery thereof. A large X-ray receiver has a disadvantage that the X-ray incident surface is wide and the entire reaction surface of the surrounding electrodes cannot cover the entire X-ray incident surface.

In order to eliminate the above inconvenience, a combination of the following contact sensor and non-contact sensor has been proposed.
That is, a lead plate for removing incident X-rays that are incident is attached outside the X-ray imaging region at the periphery of the image intensifier (X-ray receiver). A base ring is provided so as to surround the lead plate, and a protrusion is formed at a position corresponding to an end portion of the lead plate of the base ring, and a cord switch as a contact sensor is provided on the protrusion. A tape switch as a contact sensor is provided on the base ring at a position corresponding to the side surface of the image intensifier.

  Position corresponding to the base ring A non-contact sensor case with a substantially L-shaped cross section is arranged, one end of this case is fixed to a cushion attached to the image intensifier, and the other end is connected to a compression spring provided on the base ring. Further, a push plate for operating the cord switch is provided at the other end of the case. As a result, in a normal state, that is, in a state where the image intensifier does not contact the subject, the case is pressed by the cushion and the compression spring, and the push plate and the cord switch, and the case and the tape switch come into contact with each other. It is configured not to.

On the front surface of the image intensifier, a grid for removing scattered X-ray rays is provided at a position corresponding to the X-ray imaging region and a part outside the X-ray imaging region. The grid is attached so that the end of the grid is sandwiched between the end of the non-contact sensor case on the back side and the end of the non-contact sensor case on the front side.
In a hollow case composed of a non-contact sensor case on the back side and a non-contact sensor case on the front side, a plurality of non-contact sensors for the side surface of the image intensifier and a plurality of non-contact sensors for the front side Is provided.

In the above configuration, when the image intensifier approaches the object to be detected, the non-contact sensor senses and stops the operation of the image intensifier just before contact. In the X-ray input unit of the image intensifier, the non-contact sensor case configured integrally with the grid is pushed when the detected object comes into contact with the grid, the compression spring is deformed, and the push plate is the code switch. By pressing, contact can be detected and the operation can be stopped (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-112997 A

However, the conventional example described above has the following problems.
A mechanical contact sensor is configured by attaching a grid that comes into contact with a detection object to a non-contact sensor case incorporating a non-contact sensor. Therefore, in a large-sized X-ray receiver, a member itself that comes into contact with a detection object attached to the front surface of the X-ray receiver becomes large, and a non-contact sensor case with a built-in non-contact sensor is added to it. As a result, there is a holding mechanism that uses a compression spring that can hold a heavy contact sensor so that it does not malfunction due to vibration or acceleration of a normal X-ray receiver and that reacts reliably even with light contact. There is a disadvantage that it is very difficult to construct.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. A non-contact sensor and a contact sensor are rationally combined, and an X-ray tube or an X-ray image receiver is obtained without increasing the weight of the contact sensor. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to satisfactorily detect contact with other objects in the X-ray irradiation direction and proximity to other objects in the surroundings.

The invention according to claim 1 has the following configuration in order to achieve the above-described object.
That is, in an X-ray apparatus comprising an X-ray tube that irradiates a subject with X-rays, and an X-ray receiver that receives X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube,
Provided with at least one of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver, a contact sensor for detecting contact with another object and a non-contact sensor for detecting approach of the other object by a change in electromagnetic field, The contact sensor is provided so as to cover a front surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver in the X-ray irradiation direction, and the non-contact sensor is provided in the X-ray irradiation direction of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver. The X-ray covers the side surface and covers the X-ray emission surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray incident surface of the X-ray receiver from the side surface in front of the contact sensor in the X-ray irradiation direction. It is characterized by being provided separately from the contact sensor on a side surface of a tube or the X-ray receiver.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the X-ray apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the contact sensor for detecting contact with another object provided in at least one of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver and the approach of the other object are detected. A non-contact sensor that detects the change of the electromagnetic field is provided. When another object approaches and contacts the front side of the X-ray irradiation direction of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver, the contact sensor detects the contact and detects contact with the other object in the X-ray irradiation direction. be able to.
On the other hand, the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver side surface side in the X-ray irradiation direction , and from the side surface to the front surface of the contact sensor in the X-ray irradiation direction and the X-ray emission surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray image of the X-ray receiver When another object approaches around the incident surface , the approach can be detected by a non-contact sensor provided separately from the contact sensor on the side surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver by a change in the electromagnetic field.
Therefore, since the non-contact sensor is provided separately from the contact sensor, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver and malfunction due to vibration or acceleration of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver. Can be avoided, the weight of the contact sensor is not increased, the structure can be simplified, the sensitivity of the contact sensor can be made sensitive, and the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver is in contact with other objects in the X-ray irradiation direction. It is possible to detect the proximity of other objects in the vicinity.

The invention according to claim 2
The X-ray apparatus according to claim 1,
A contact member made of a conductor plate that is provided so as to cover the front surface in the X-ray irradiation direction of at least one of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver and transmits X-rays displaced in the X-ray irradiation direction; The contact member includes a contact detection member that detects displacement due to contact with another object.

(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the X-ray apparatus of the invention according to claim 2, since the contact sensor is configured to detect contact with another object by detecting the displacement of the contact member with the contact detection member, the contact changes resistance. The sensitivity of the contact sensor can be made more sensitive than in the case of using a piezoelectric sensor that is detected by, for example, contact with other objects in the X-ray irradiation direction of the X-ray tube or X-ray receiver, or other in the surroundings. The approach to an object can be detected better.

According to the configuration of the X-ray apparatus of the present invention, the contact sensor for detecting contact with another object provided in at least one of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver and the approach of the other object to change the electromagnetic field It has a non-contact sensor to detect in. When another object approaches and contacts the front side of the X-ray irradiation direction of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver, the contact sensor detects the contact and detects contact with the other object in the X-ray irradiation direction. be able to.
On the other hand, the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver side surface side in the X-ray irradiation direction , and from the side surface to the front surface of the contact sensor in the X-ray irradiation direction and the X-ray emission surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray image of the X-ray receiver When another object approaches around the incident surface , the approach can be detected by a non-contact sensor provided separately from the contact sensor on the side surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver by a change in the electromagnetic field.
Therefore, since the non-contact sensor is provided separately from the contact sensor, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver and malfunction due to vibration or acceleration of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver. Can be avoided, the weight of the contact sensor is not increased, the structure can be simplified, the sensitivity of the contact sensor can be made sensitive, and the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver is in contact with other objects in the X-ray irradiation direction. It is possible to detect the proximity of other objects in the vicinity.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an overall schematic side view showing an embodiment 1 of an X-ray apparatus according to the present invention. An examination table 1 on which a subject H is placed on a base 1 is arranged in two horizontal directions 2a, 2b and up and down directions 2c. It is provided to be movable.

  In addition, a first holding member 3 is provided on the base 1 so as to be movable in the horizontal two-dimensional directions 3a and 3b, and the second holding member 4 is arranged around the horizontal axis 4a on the first holding member 3. It is provided so as to be rotatable. A C-type holding machine 5 is provided on the second holding member 4 so as to be slidable in the arc direction 5a.

The C-type holder 5 is provided with an X-ray tube 6 for irradiating the subject H with X-rays on one end side so as to sandwich the examination table 2, while the subject H is placed on the other end side. An X-ray receiver 7 for detecting transmitted X-rays is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction 7a.
On the lower side of the examination table 1, an operation unit 9 that is operated by the operator 8 is provided.

  As shown in the side sectional view of the main part of the first embodiment in FIG. 2, the X-ray receiver 7 covers the support frame 11 that covers the side surface orthogonal to the X-ray incident direction of the X-ray receiver main body 10. A non-contact sensor 12 that detects the approach of another object by a change in the electromagnetic field is provided so as to cover the side surface in the irradiation direction.

  In the X-ray receiver main body 10, a contact member 14 made of a conductor plate having a high X-ray permeability is irradiated via a compression coil spring 15 so as to cover the front surface of the X-ray incident surface 13 in the X-ray irradiation direction. It can be displaced in the direction. A limit switch 16 as a contact detection member is attached to the X-ray receiver main body 10 at a position where the X-ray receiver main body 10 does not act while being close to the contact member 14 in a state where no other object is in contact, and is compressed as the other object contacts. A contact sensor 17 is configured to detect that the contact member 14 is displaced against the biasing force of the coil spring 15 to act on the limit switch 16 and that another object has come into contact therewith.

  Although not shown, the non-contact sensor 12 and the limit switch 16 include a driving mechanism for the examination table 2, a driving mechanism for the first and second holding members 3 and 4, a driving mechanism for the C-type holding machine 5, and an X-ray receiving image. The non-contact sensor 12 detects the approach of another object from the side surface of the X-ray receiver 7 and is in contact with the other object from the front surface of the X-ray receiver 7. The detection table 17, the first and second holding members 3, 4, the C-type holding device 5, and the X-ray receiver 7 are stopped driving.

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the main part of the second embodiment. The differences from the first embodiment are as follows.
That is, the peripheral edge of the contact member 14 made of a conductor plate having a high X-ray permeability is a piezoelectric sensor as a contact sensor so as to cover the front surface of the X-ray incident surface 13 in the X-ray irradiation direction on the X-ray receiver main body 10. It is attached and supported via the sensor 21 and detects that the other object has come into contact by detecting a change in the resistance value of the piezoelectric sensor 21 that changes as the other object comes in contact. The contact sensor 22 is configured as described above. Other configurations such as a configuration in which driving of various devices is stopped in accordance with the approach of another object or contact with the other object are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the main part of the third embodiment. The differences from the first embodiment are as follows.
That is, the support frame 31 is provided from the side surface orthogonal to the X-ray irradiation direction around the collimator 6a in the X-ray irradiation direction front surface of the X-ray tube 6 to cover the rear side from the side surface of the X-ray tube 6. The support frame 31 is provided with a non-contact sensor 32 that detects the approach of another object by a change in the electromagnetic field so as to cover the entire back surface from the side surface in the X-ray irradiation direction.

  A support member 33 is provided on the front end side in the X-ray irradiation direction of the collimator 6a on the front surface of the X-ray tube 6, and the support member 33 covers X-ray transmission so as to cover the front surface of the X-ray emission surface in the X-ray irradiation direction. A contact member 34 made of a highly conductive plate is provided via a compression coil spring 35 so as to be displaceable in the X-ray irradiation direction. A limit switch 36 as a contact detection member is attached to the support member 33 at a position where it does not act while approaching the contact member 34 in a state where no other object is in contact, and the compression coil spring 35 is brought into contact with the other object. The contact sensor 37 is configured to detect that the contact member 34 is displaced against the urging force and acts on the limit switch 36 to contact another object. Other configurations such as a configuration in which driving of various devices is stopped in accordance with the approach of another object or contact with the other object are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  According to the configuration of the third embodiment, the X-ray tube 6 that is likely to collide with the operator or other objects by displacing the operator's feet during X-ray imaging can be prevented from colliding. Damage to equipment such as the tube 6 can be effectively avoided.

As this invention, you may comprise so that the non-contact sensors 12 and 32 and the contact sensors 17, 21, and 37 may be provided in both the X-ray receiver 7 and the X-ray tube 6 side.
In the above-described embodiment, the detection table 2, the first and second holdings are detected in accordance with the detection of the approach of the other object by the non-contact sensors 12 and 32 and the contact of the other object by the contact sensors 17, 21, and 37. The members 3 and 4, the C-type holder 5 and the X-ray receiver 7 are configured to stop driving. However, the present invention is configured to operate an alarm device such as a buzzer or a blinking lamp. Also good. In the case of this warning, for example, when the surgeon is operating manually or when operating with the operation unit 9, the operation can be stopped by the warning to ensure safety.

1 is an overall schematic side view showing a first embodiment of an X-ray apparatus according to the present invention. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a main part of Example 1. FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a main part of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a main part of Example 3.

6 ... X-ray tube 7 ... X-ray receiver 11 ... Support frame (separate member)
12 ... Non-contact sensor 14 ... Contact member 15 ... Compression coil spring (contact sensor component)
16 ... Limit switch (contact detection member)
17 ... Contact sensor 21 ... Piezoelectric sensor (contact sensor)
31 ... Support frame (separate member)
32 ... Non-contact sensor 34 ... Contact member 35 ... Compression coil spring (contact sensor component)
36 ... Limit switch (contact detection member)
37 ... Contact sensor H ... Subject

Claims (2)

An X-ray apparatus comprising: an X-ray tube that irradiates a subject with X-rays; and an X-ray image receiver that receives X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube, wherein the X-ray tube or the X-ray image receiver A contact sensor for detecting contact with another object and a non-contact sensor for detecting approach of the other object by a change in electromagnetic field, the contact sensor comprising the X-ray tube or the contact sensor The non-contact sensor is provided so as to cover a front surface of the X-ray receiver in the X-ray irradiation direction, and the non-contact sensor covers a side surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver in the X-ray irradiation direction, and the contact from the side surface. On the front side of the X-ray irradiation direction of the sensor and on the side surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver so as to cover the X-ray emission surface of the X-ray tube or the X-ray incidence surface of the X-ray receiver An X-ray apparatus provided separately from the contact sensor.   2. The X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contact sensor is provided so as to cover a front surface of at least one of the X-ray tube or the X-ray receiver in the X-ray irradiation direction and is displaced in the X-ray irradiation direction. An X-ray apparatus comprising: a contact member made of a conductive plate that transmits a wire; and a contact detection member that detects a displacement caused by contact with another member of the contact member.

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