JP4834483B2 - Drilling tools - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavation tool for excavating a rock mass containing soft soil or rock.

  In order to excavate the ground, a drilling bit is known in which a drilling bit is provided at the tip of the excavation pipe, and the excavation pipe is driven to rotate by an excavation pipe drive device (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The drilling bit is composed of a ring bit attached to the tip of the excavating pipe and a kronen bit fitted to the ring bit from the axial direction to prevent outflow of groundwater.

Then, when forming the excavation hole in the ground, the ring bit is rotated forward while the excavation pipe is advanced in the excavation direction, and excavation is performed in cooperation with the ring bit and the kronen bit. When the flushing operation is necessary, the excavation pipe is continuously moved forward and backward while continuously rotating forward. The rotational force of the ring bit is transmitted to the kronen bit via the engagement pin, and the striking force is transmitted to an excavated object such as a cobblestone.
JP 2000-8758 A

However, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a drilling bit is provided at the tip of a drilling pipe, and the drilling pipe is advanced while being driven to rotate by a drilling pipe drive device. After drilling a hole in the ground, the drilling bit is extracted together with the drilling pipe. Although a foundation steel pile such as a sheet pile, H steel or a cylindrical pile is inserted by injecting a caking agent, an extra space is created around or inside the foundation steel pile. Therefore, a large amount of excavated soil is discharged, it takes time for excavation, and a large amount of a caking agent for filling the hole is required. Furthermore, there is a problem that the cost of equipment for rotating the excavation pipe and earthing equipment increases.
In addition, there is a method in which a vibro hammer is attached to the upper part of the foundation steel pile and the steel pile is driven by vibration and pressing.
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and the purpose thereof is high excavation efficiency, and the hole can be drilled along the cross-sectional shape of the steel pile for excavation in the ground, The object is to provide an economical drilling tool that can also save money.

In order to solve the above-mentioned object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, in the excavation tool for excavating the ground, a steel pile having a plurality of excavation bits attached to a tip portion thereof is provided, and along the excavation cross-sectional shape of the steel pile A plurality of excavation bits are arranged, and each excavation bit protrudes a part of the outer periphery of the excavation bit to both sides of the excavation cross section, and a part of the outer periphery protrudes to one side. The excavation tool is characterized in that the excavation bits are alternately arranged so as to protrude larger than a part of the outer periphery protruding sideways .
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the excavation tool according to the first aspect, the excavation bit is provided with a fluid passage that ejects fluid out of the bit body of the excavation bit , and the fluid passage includes a check A valve is provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the excavation tool according to the second aspect , the excavation bit is formed such that the outer peripheral shape of the cross section of the bit body is a polygonal shape including a quadrangle and a star shape .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the excavation tool according to any one of the first to third aspects, the excavation bit has a plurality of cemented carbide tips in the bit body, and the cemented carbide tip has a substantially hemispherical shape. It is any one of a substantially conical shape, a substantially pyramidal shape, a substantially shell shape, and a chisel shape.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the excavation tool according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the excavation bit is detachably attached to a tip portion of the steel pile.

  According to the present invention, by arranging a plurality of excavation bits at the excavation cross-sectional shape of the excavation steel pile at the distal end of the excavation steel pile, the excavation tool can be pushed forward to the ground without rotating. Drilling holes along the cross-sectional shape of steel piles can be done efficiently. Therefore, the amount of excavated soil is small, there is no extra space around the excavated steel pile, and there is an effect that it is possible to save the waste disposal cost and the caking agent.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1-4 show a first embodiment of an excavation tool. FIG. 1 shows a drilling tool, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, FIG. 2 is an end view as seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIGS. 4A and 4B show the excavation bit, FIG. 4A is a front view, FIG. 4B is a side view, FIG. 4C is a longitudinal side view when the valve is closed, and FIG. 4D is a longitudinal side view when the valve is opened. .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the excavation steel pile 11 such as a sheet pile as the preceding excavation steel pile has a distal end portion 12 and a proximal end portion 13, and from the distal end portion 12 to the proximal end portion 13. They are formed in the same cross-sectional shape. A plurality of, in this embodiment, 15 excavation bits 14 are arranged substantially evenly at the tip 12 of the excavation steel pile 11 and are fixed by means described later. The bit body 15 of these excavation bits 14 has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter slightly larger than the thickness of the excavation steel pile 11, and each excavation bit 14 is shifted to the left from one end to the other end of the tip portion 12.・ Alternately zigzag on the right side. Accordingly, the bit main body 15 of each excavation bit 14 has a part of its outer periphery protruding alternately outward from the side surface of the excavation steel pile 11 to the left and right. Although not shown, when the outer diameter of each excavation bit 14 is sufficiently larger than the thickness of the excavation steel pile 11, each excavation bit 14 is not zigzag as described above, but is arranged in a straight line, A part of the outer periphery may protrude outward from the side surface of the excavating steel pile 11 substantially evenly to the left and right.
On the side surface of the excavating steel pile 11, an air pipe 16 is disposed as a fluid in the longitudinal direction. An air supply port 17 is provided at the base end of the air pipe 16 and is connected to an air supply source (not shown). The tip of the air pipe 16 is connected to the excavation bit 14 so that air is ejected from the excavation bit 14.

  Next, the excavation bit 14 will be described as shown in FIGS. That is, a bit attachment member 18 is provided at the tip 12 of the excavating steel pile 11. A mounting hole 19 is provided in the bit mounting member 18, and a socket 20 is fixed to the mounting hole 19. The socket 20 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a pipe connection pipe 21 is screwed to the bottom, and the air pipe 16 is connected to the pipe connection pipe 21.

  A mounting portion 22 provided on the bit body 15 of the excavation bit 14 is inserted into the cylindrical portion of the socket 20. The mounting portion 22 is provided with an annular groove 24 in which an O-ring 23 is mounted and an engagement recess 25. A fixing screw 26 is screwed into the cylindrical portion of the socket 20 in a radial direction corresponding to the engaging recess 25, and a distal end portion 26 a of the fixing screw 26 is engaged with the engaging recess 25 of the bit body 15. Yes. Therefore, the bit body 15 is prevented from being detached from the socket 20 and is airtightly attached by the O-ring 23.

  The front end of the bit body 15 has a flat portion 27 at the center and a tapered surface 28 at the outer periphery. Three carbide tips 29 are implanted on the flat surface 27 perpendicular to the flat surface 27, and five carbide tips are perpendicular to the taper surface 28 and equidistant on the taper surface 28. Chips 29 are implanted. These cemented carbide tips 29 have a conical tip, and conical portions protrude from the flat surface 27 and the tapered surface 28.

Further, in the outer peripheral portion of the bit body 15, a chip groove 30 is provided in the axial direction between five carbide chips 29 arranged at equal intervals on the tapered surface 28, and these chip grooves 30 are formed in the bit body 15. The taper surface 28 is penetrated. Further, an air passage 31 as a fluid passage is formed in the axial center portion of the bit body 15. One end of the air passage 31 is provided with a spring receiving portion 32, and the other end communicates with the air pipe 16 through the end face opening of the mounting portion 22 of the bit body 15.
The air passage 31 is provided with a communication hole 33 that branches from the intermediate portion thereof and communicates with the powder groove 30, and a valve seat 34 that faces the spring receiving portion 32 is provided at the branch portion. A ball valve 35 constituting a check valve is joined to the valve seat 34, and a coil spring that presses the ball valve 35 against the valve seat 34 and blocks the air passage 31 between the ball valve 35 and the spring receiving portion 32. An urging spring 36 is interposed. Therefore, the air passage 31 is normally closed by the ball valve 35. However, when the air pressure supplied from the air pipe 16 exceeds the biasing spring 36, the ball valve 35 opens away from the valve seat 34 and opens. The air in the air passage 31 is guided to the dust groove 30 through the communication hole 33 and ejected from the tip of the bit body 15.

  Next, a method for excavating a rock using the excavation tool configured as described above will be described. The excavation steel pile 11 provided with the excavation bit 14 at the distal end portion 12 is supported in a vertical state, and the air supply port 17 of the air pipe 16 is connected to an air supply source. When a vibration in the vertical direction is applied to the excavating steel pile 11 from the proximal end portion 13 of the excavating steel pile 11 using a vibro hammer (not shown) suspended on a crane truck or the like, the excavating steel pile 11 enters the ground. It is cast.

  In this embodiment, although the case where the steel pile 11 for excavation is a sheet pile is described, the front-end | tip part 12 of the steel pile 11 for excavation is provided with the some excavation bit 14 along the cross-sectional shape, These A plurality of carbide tips 29 are fixed to the excavation bit 14. Accordingly, the excavating steel pile 11 is excavated deeper while the cemented carbide tip 29 of the excavating bit 14 crushes the rock.

  During excavation work by the excavation steel pile 11, high-pressure air is supplied from the air supply source to the excavation bit 14 through the air pipe 16. The air passage 31 of the excavation bit 14 is normally closed by a ball valve 35, but when the air pressure supplied from the air pipe 16 exceeds the biasing spring 36, the ball valve 35 moves away from the valve seat 34. The valve is opened, and the air in the air passage 31 is guided to the powder groove 30 through the communication hole 33 and is ejected from the tip of the bit body 15. Further, the excavation bit 14 overhangs from the side surface of the excavation steel pile 11 to ensure clearance. Therefore, the crushed bedrock crushed grains are removed from the excavation bit 14 by air and excavated efficiently.

Thus, since the excavation steel pile 11 is excavated while being pushed toward the deep part of the ground without rotating, a hole having a shape along the cross-sectional shape of the excavation steel pile 11 is formed in the rock mass. become. When the excavation by the excavation steel pile 11 is completed, the excavation steel pile 11 is pulled out, and mortar or the like is injected as a caking agent into the hole opened by the excavation steel pile 11. Since there is no extra space, the caking agent can be saved and it is economical. In addition, if the sheet pile as a foundation steel pile is driven in the hole opened by the steel pile 11 for excavation after pulling out the steel pile 11 for excavation, the cast sheet pile will be firmly fixed with mortar.
FIG. 5 shows the second embodiment and is an end view corresponding to FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In the first embodiment, the excavation steel pile 11 made of a sheet pile is adopted. However, as shown in FIG. 5A, a plurality of excavation bits 14 are provided at the tip of the excavation steel pile 41 made of H steel. You may arrange | position substantially equally, and as shown in (b), the some excavation bit 14 may be arrange | positioned substantially equally at the front-end | tip part of the excavation steel pile 42 which consists of a cylindrical pile. The bit body 15 of these excavation bits 14 has a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter slightly larger than the thickness of the excavation steel piles 41 and 42, and each excavation bit 14 has a zigzag shape at the tip of the excavation steel piles 41 and 42. Is arranged. Therefore, a part of the outer periphery of the bit body 15 of each excavation bit 14 protrudes outward from the side surfaces of the excavation steel piles 41 and 42 alternately to the left and right.

FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment and is a diagram of an excavation bit mounting structure. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The embodiment from which the attachment structure of the excavation bit differs is shown. (A) provides the taper hole 43 in the socket 20, the taper mounting part 44 in the bit main body 15, and the taper mounting part 44 of the bit main body 15 fitted and mounted in the taper hole 43.
(B) is provided with a female screw portion 45 on the inner peripheral surface of the socket 20, a male screw mounting portion 46 provided on the bit body 15, and a male screw mounting portion 46 of the bit main body 15 screwed and mounted on the female screw portion 45. is there.
(C) is a case where an annular engaging groove 22a is provided in the mounting portion 22 of the bit body 15, and a through hole 20a is provided in the socket 20 in a tangential direction of the mounting portion 22 corresponding to the annular engaging groove 22a. By inserting the spring pin 20b into the through hole 20a, the spring pin 20b engages with the annular engagement groove 22a and the bit body 15 is mounted on the socket 20.
(D) shows an annular engagement groove 22 a provided in the mounting portion 22 of the bit body 15, and a through hole 20 a provided in the socket 20 corresponding to the annular engagement groove 22 a in the tangential direction of the mounting portion 22. A female screw 20c is engraved on one side of the through hole 20a. When the bolt 20d inserted into the through hole 20a is screwed into the female screw 20c, the bolt 20d engages with the annular engagement groove 22a and the bit body 15 is attached to the socket. 20 is attached.
FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment and is a longitudinal side view of the excavation bit mounting structure. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. This embodiment is an embodiment showing a different structure of the excavation bit. That is, a mounting portion 49 provided in the bit body 48 of the excavation bit 47 is inserted into the cylindrical portion of the socket 20, and an engaging recess 50 is provided in the mounting portion 49. A fixing screw 51 is screwed into the cylindrical portion of the socket 20 in a radial direction corresponding to the engaging recess 50, and a distal end portion 51 a of the fixing screw 51 is engaged with the engaging recess 50 of the bit body 48. Yes.

  Further, an air passage 52 as a fluid passage is provided in the axial center portion of the bit body 48. A spring receiving portion 53 is provided at one end of the air passage 52, and a valve seat 54 is provided at the other end. Further, the air passage 52 is provided with a communication hole 55 that communicates with the tip of the bit body 48. A ball body 56 is joined to the valve seat 54, and a biasing spring 57 composed of a coil spring that presses the ball valve 56 against the valve seat 54 and blocks the air passage 52 between the ball valve 56 and the spring receiving portion 53. Intervened. Therefore, normally, the air passage 52 is closed by the ball valve 56, but when the air pressure supplied from the air pipe 16 exceeds the biasing spring 57, the ball valve 56 opens away from the valve seat 54. The air in the air passage 52 is ejected from the tip of the bit body 48 through the communication hole 55.

FIG. 8 shows a fifth embodiment and is a front view and a side view of an excavation bit. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. This embodiment is an embodiment showing different shapes of excavation bits.
(A) is the bit main body 61 of the excavation bit 60 having a star shape in cross section, and a large and deep chipped groove 61a can be formed. (B) is a bit main body 63 of the excavation bit 62 having a square cross section, and a chevron-shaped carbide tip 29 a is implanted at the corner of the tip of the bit main body 63.

  (C) shows the bit main body 63 of the excavation bit 62 having a quadrangular cross section. The front end of the bit main body 63 is formed with a flat surface 64 at the center and a tapered surface 65 at the outer periphery. Three cemented carbide tips 29 are implanted on the flat surface 64 perpendicular to the flat surface 64, and the cemented carbide tips 29 are implanted perpendicular to the tapered surface 65 on the tapered surface 65 at the corners. Has been.

  (D) shows the bit body 67 of the excavation bit 66 having a polygonal cross section. The tip of the bit body 67 is formed with a flat center 68 at the center and a tapered surface 69 at the outer periphery. . A cemented carbide tip 29 is implanted on the flat surface 68 at an angle with respect to the flat surface 68, and a cemented carbide tip 29 is implanted on the tapered surface 69 at an acute angle portion perpendicular to the tapered surface 69. Has been.

  (E) and (f) are obtained by making the bit body 70a of the excavating bit 70 into a rectangular cross section, and (e) shows a cemented carbide chip 29a having a chevron cross section extending in the longitudinal direction of the rectangle. ing. In (f), a cemented carbide tip 29a having a mountain-shaped cross section is implanted along the diagonal direction of the rectangle. Both (e) and (f) are arranged so that the cross-sectional rectangle intersects the side surface of the excavation steel pile.

FIG. 9 shows a sixth embodiment, and is an end view and a side view of a cemented carbide chip. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. This embodiment is an embodiment showing different shapes of the cemented carbide chip.
(A) is a substantially hemispherical carbide tip 71, (b) is a substantially bullet-shaped carbide tip 72, (c) is a substantially pyramidal carbide tip 73, and (d) is a chisel-shaped carbide tip 74. However, it is not limited to these. Further, the cemented carbide tips attached to one excavation bit are not limited to the same shape, and these different shaped carbide tips may be combined and attached.
FIG. 10 shows a seventh embodiment, and the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Although this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, a binder injection bit 75 is fixed to the central portion of the distal end portion 12 of the excavating steel pile 11 made of a sheet pile. The binder injection bit 75 is formed to have a slightly larger diameter than the excavation bit 14, and a mortar injection port 77 is provided at the tip of the bit body 76. The mortar inlet 77 is connected to a mortar injection pipe (not shown) piped along the excavation steel pile 11. Therefore, after excavation by the excavation steel pile 11 is completed, the mortar can be injected as a caking agent into the hole opened by the excavation steel pile 11 while pulling out the excavation steel pile 11.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Moreover, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The 1st Embodiment of the excavation tool of this invention is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. The end view which shows the same embodiment and was seen from the arrow A direction of FIG. The longitudinal side view which shows the attachment structure of the bit for excavation of the embodiment. The excavation bit of the embodiment is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a longitudinal side view when the valve is closed, and (d) is a longitudinal side view when the valve is closed. The 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) (b) is an end elevation corresponding to FIG. The 3rd Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a)-(d) is a figure of the attachment structure of the bit for excavation. The vertical side view of the attachment structure of the excavation bit which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The 5th Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a)-(f) is the front view and side view of an excavation bit. The 6th Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a)-(d) is the front view and side view of a cemented carbide chip. The end view which shows the 7th Embodiment of this invention and respond | corresponds to FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Steel pile for excavation, 12 ... Tip part, 14 ... Bit for excavation, 15 ... Bit body, 29 ... Carbide tip

Claims (5)

In excavation tools that excavate the ground,
A steel pile having a plurality of excavation bits attached to the tip thereof, and a plurality of excavation bits arranged along the excavation cross-sectional shape of the steel pile , and each excavation bit is located on both sides of the excavation cross-section Each of the excavating bits is alternately protruded so that a part of the outer periphery of the excavating bit protrudes larger than a part of the outer periphery protruding to the other side. A drilling tool characterized by being arranged . 2. The excavation bit is provided with a fluid passage for ejecting fluid out of a bit body of the excavation bit, and the fluid passage is provided with a check valve. Drilling tools. The excavation tool according to claim 2 , wherein the excavation bit has an outer peripheral shape of a cross section of the bit body formed into a polygonal shape including a quadrangle and a star shape . The excavation bit has a plurality of cemented carbide tips in the bit body, and the cemented carbide tip has any one of a substantially hemispherical shape, a substantially conical shape, a substantially pyramid shape, a substantially cannonball shape, and a chisel shape. The excavation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . The excavation tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the excavation bit is detachably attached to a tip portion of the steel pile.

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