JP4827804B2 - Antenna feed circuit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention achieves simplification of an orthogonal polarization plane separator / combiner (OMJ) by using a phase shifter and magic T, and a waveguide by using a phase shifter having the same tube axis length. The present invention relates to an antenna feeding circuit that eliminates the need for routing and that further simplifies the structure.

  In a circularly polarized antenna feeding circuit that uses a plurality of frequency bands, OMJ is often used (see, for example, FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1). In the conventional OMJ, branching waveguides that are branched from the main waveguide vertically and horizontally are connected to each other using a T-branch circuit or the like to synthesize radio waves in the low frequency band. In addition, by using a tapered shape and a step shape, the main waveguide output waveguide has a diameter that cuts off in the low frequency band, thereby branching all the radio waves in the low frequency band. Output from the wave tube. A radio wave in a high frequency band is output from the output terminal of the main waveguide without propagating to the branch waveguide by providing a low-pass filter in the branch waveguide.

  The conventional antenna feeding circuit is miniaturized by combining adjacent branching waveguides of branching waveguides branched vertically and horizontally from the OMJ with a power distributor (see, for example, FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1).

JP-A-11-145702

  In the conventional antenna feeding circuit as described above, it is necessary to synthesize the branch circuits facing the top, bottom, left and right of the branch circuit of the OMJ that branches the radio wave in the low frequency band. Since the tube and the waveguide for synthesizing the left and right branching waveguides intersect, there is a problem that the structure of the entire power feeding circuit becomes large.

  When two adjacent branch waveguides are combined as in another conventional antenna feeding circuit, from the OMJ to the adjacent branch waveguide combiner of the branch waveguides branched vertically and horizontally. It is necessary to set the length so that the relative phase difference between the V polarization and the H polarization is 90 degrees, resulting in a complicated structure. In addition, there is a problem that a synthesis circuit such as a T-branch circuit can transmit and receive only right-handed and left-handed polarized waves.

  Also, when manufacturing a circularly polarized antenna feeding circuit, the structure is usually complicated, so each component is manufactured individually and combined using flange connections, so the cost is increased due to the enlarged structure and increased manufacturing process. The increase was a problem.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an antenna feeding circuit capable of simplifying the structure and thus reducing the manufacturing cost.

An antenna feeding circuit according to the present invention includes a main waveguide having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, and a waveguide connected to the main waveguide and having a circular or square cross-sectional shape having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide. And first, second, third, and fourth branching waveguides that branch vertically and horizontally from the side surface of the main waveguide, and the first, second, third, and fourth branching waveguides. The first, second, third, and fourth low-pass filters that are connected to each other and the first and second low-pass filters that are connected to each other have a phase difference of 180 degrees passing through each other . Alternatively, the first and second phase shifters for adding a phase difference of 90 degrees and the third and fourth low-pass filters are connected to each other so that the phase difference of the passing radio waves is 0 degree. such that 180 degrees or 0 degrees to each other, adding a phase difference of 90 degrees Third and fourth phase shifter, the first E surface branch waveguide, a first H surface branch waveguide and having a first and second branch terminals, the first and second The first and second branch terminals are respectively connected to the phase shifter, and the first E-plane branching waveguide is synthesized by synthesizing radio waves incident from the first and second branch terminals, or A first magic T output from the first H-plane branching waveguide , a second E-plane branching waveguide, a second H-plane branching waveguide, and third and fourth branching terminals are provided. and the third and fourth of said phase shifter third and fourth branch terminal connected respectively, the third and fourth of said by combining the radio wave incident from the branch terminal second E plane branch waveguide, or synthetic and the second magic T to be output from the second H surface branch waveguide, the electric wave output from the first and second E surface branch waveguide And H-plane T-branch circuit that, the first and second and a E-plane T-junction circuit for combining the radio wave output from the H-plane branch waveguide, said first and second low-pass type filter Is connected to the first and second branch waveguides adjacent to each other among the first, second, third, and fourth branch waveguides, and the third and fourth low-pass passages are connected to each other. The shape filter is connected to each of the third and fourth branch waveguides adjacent to each other .

  The antenna power feeding circuit according to the present invention can simplify the structure, and thus has the effect of reducing the manufacturing cost.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
An antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the following, in each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

  In FIG. 1, an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes an orthogonal polarization plane separator / combiner (OMJ) 101 and a branching waveguide (first, second, third and third) of the OMJ 101. Filters (first, second, third, and fourth low-pass filters) 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d connected to the fourth branch waveguides) 101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d, and filters 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d connected to phase shifters (first, second, third and fourth phase shifters) 103a, 104a, 103b, 104b and phase shifters 103a, 104a, respectively. , A magic T (first magic) having an E-plane branching waveguide (fifth branching waveguide) 105a and an H-plane branching waveguide (sixth branching waveguide) 105b. T) 105 and phase shifters 103b and 104b, and an E-plane branching waveguide (seventh branching waveguide) 106a and an H-plane branching waveguide (eighth branching waveguide) 106b. Magic T (second magic T) 106, H-plane T-branch circuit (first T-branch circuit) 107 that synthesizes E-plane branch waveguides 105a and 106a, and H-plane branch waveguides 105b and 106b. E plane T branch circuit (second T branch circuit) 108 and horn antenna 109 are provided.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a substantially central portion of the OMJ of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a side surface of the OMJ of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2A, a dotted arrow indicates left-handed polarization, and in FIG. 2B, a dotted arrow indicates right-handed polarization.

2 and 3, the OMJ 101 has a main waveguide 101e having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, and branch waveguides 101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d branching up and down and left and right from the side of the main waveguide 101e. connected to Namikan 101e, cross-sectional dimensions than the main waveguide 101e has a circular cross-sectional shape smaller, that is, the waveguide cross-sectional dimensions as the cut-off at the frequency band f _L, transmits only radio waves in the frequency band f _H A circular waveguide (square waveguide) 101f is provided.

The filters 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d are low-pass filters, for example, waffle iron filters. Low-pass-type filter 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, only radio waves of lower frequency _{f L} can be passed through a high frequency _{f H} is not only TE10 mode which is a fundamental mode, TE20 mode, can not be passed, including the TE30 mode Designed.

  The phase shifters 103a and 104a are designed so that the phase difference between the passing radio waves is 90 degrees. Similarly, the phase shifters 103b and 104b are the phase difference between the passing radio waves being 90 degrees. Designed to be

  Next, the operation of the antenna feeding circuit according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  4 to 7 are diagrams showing the propagation directions of radio waves of the magic T of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

First, it is assumed that a left-hand polarized radio wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 109. In the circular waveguide 101f of OMJ101, since the cutoff frequency is higher than the lower frequency _{f L,} the circular waveguide 101f propagates in the branch waveguide 101a~101d through the coupling hole or the like is not transmitted .

  Here, when a left-handed polarized wave is incident, as shown in FIG. 2A, a radio wave having a phase advanced by 90 degrees with respect to the branching waveguides 101b and 101d propagates to the branching waveguides 101a and 101c. To do. The radio wave that has passed through the low-pass filter is further subjected to a phase difference of 90 degrees by the phase shifter, so that a phase difference of 180 degrees is generated. Radio waves that have passed through the phase shifters 103a and 104a and have a phase difference of 180 degrees are synthesized by the magic T105.

  4 and 5, the magic T105 is provided with an E-plane branching waveguide 105a, an H-plane branching waveguide 105b, and branch terminals 105c and 105d. The same applies to the magic T106.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when radio waves of opposite phase are incident on the branch terminals 105c and 105d, the synthesized radio wave is output from the E-plane branching waveguide 105a. Similarly, radio waves that have passed through the phase shifters 103b and 104b and have a phase difference of 180 degrees are combined by the magic T106 and output from the E-plane branching waveguide 106a. The radio waves output from the E-plane branching waveguides 105a and 106a are combined by the H-plane T-branch circuit 107 and output from the port (Port) 1.

On the other hand, when a right-handed polarized wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 109, the branching waveguides 101b and 101c are connected to the branching waveguide 101b as shown in FIG. And 101d are propagated by 90 degrees of phase. The radio wave that has passed through the low-pass filter is subjected to a phase difference of 90 degrees by the phase shifter, so the phase difference becomes zero, and these radio waves are synthesized by the magic T105 and 106.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when in-phase radio waves are incident on the branch terminals 105b and 105c, they are output from the H-plane branch waveguides 105b and 106b and synthesized by the E-plane T-branch circuit 108. ) 2 is output.

In addition, when a radio wave having a high frequency f _H is incident from the horn antenna 109, the branch waveguides 101a to 101d have a low-pass filter that reflects a high frequency. Propagates to the circular waveguide 101 f without being propagated, and is output from the port 3. In addition, by connecting a circularly polarized wave generator, a polarized wave demultiplexer, etc. behind the port 3, it is possible to separate right-handed polarization / left-handed polarization, vertical polarization / horizontal polarization.

  As described above, the antenna feeding circuit according to the first embodiment has a structure in which two adjacent branched waveguides are combined among the branched waveguides 101a to 101d branched from the main waveguide 101e vertically and horizontally. Therefore, the structure can be reduced as compared with the case where two branching waveguides facing each other are synthesized. Further, by using the magic T105 and 106 for synthesizing the branched waveguides 101a to 101d, it becomes possible to separate and output the right-handed polarized wave and the left-handed polarized wave.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
An antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  8, the antenna feeding circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an OMJ 201 and branch waveguides (first, second, third, and fourth branch waveguides) 201a, 201b, and 201c of the OMJ 201. , 201d, filters (first, second, third, and fourth low-pass filters) 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, and filters 202a, 202b, E-plane branching waveguides. A magic T (first magic T) 205 having a (fifth branch waveguide) 205a and an H-plane branch waveguide (sixth branch waveguide) 205b is connected to the filters 202c and 202d, and E Magic T (second magic T) 206 having a plane branching waveguide (seventh branching waveguide) 206a and an H-plane branching waveguide (eighth branching waveguide) 206b, and an E-plane branching guide Wave tube 205 H plane T branch circuit (first T branch circuit) 207 that synthesizes H and 206a, E plane T branch circuit (second T branch circuit) 208 that synthesizes H plane branch waveguides 205b and 206b, and a horn An antenna 209 is provided.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a cross section of a substantially central portion of the OMJ of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 9 (a), the thick arrow represents vertical polarization, and in FIG. 9 (b), the thick arrow represents horizontal polarization.

In FIG. 9, an OMJ 201 includes a main waveguide 201e having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, and upper, lower, left, and right sides of the main waveguide 201e (in the drawing, branching waveguides based on vertical polarization and horizontal polarization). The branching waveguides 201a, 201b, 201c, 201d are branched to the main waveguide 201e, and the cross-sectional dimension is smaller than that of the main waveguide 201e. A circular waveguide (square waveguide) 201f having a small and circular cross-sectional shape, that is, having a waveguide cross-sectional dimension that is cut off in the frequency band f _L and transmitting only radio waves in the frequency band f _H is provided. It has been. Although the circular waveguide 201f is not shown, the OMJ 201 is the same as that shown in FIG.

The filters 202a, 202b, 202c, and 202d are low-pass filters, for example, waffle iron filters. Low-pass-type filter 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, only radio waves of lower frequency _{f L} can be passed through a high frequency _{f H} is not only TE10 mode which is a fundamental mode, TE20 mode, can not be passed, including the TE30 mode Designed.

  Next, the operation of the antenna feeding circuit according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, it is assumed that a vertically polarized radio wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 209. In the circular waveguide 201e of OMJ201, since the cutoff frequency is higher than the lower frequency _{f L,} it is not transmitted to the circular waveguide 201f, propagating in the branch waveguide 201a~201d through the coupling hole or the like To do.

  Here, when vertically polarized light is incident, as shown in FIG. 9A, radio waves having the same phase propagate to the branch waveguides 201b and 201d, respectively, to the branch waveguides 201a and 201c. The radio waves propagating through the branching waveguides 201a and 201b are synthesized by the magic T205. When in-phase radio waves are incident on the branch terminals 205c and 205d, the synthesized radio wave is output from the H-plane branch waveguide 205b. Similarly, radio waves propagating through the branching waveguides 201c and 201d are synthesized by the magic T206 and output from the H-plane branching waveguide 206b. The radio waves output from the H-plane branching waveguides 205a and 206b are combined by the E-plane T-branch circuit 208 and output from the port 2.

On the other hand, when a horizontally polarized radio wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 209, the branching waveguides 201b and 201c are connected to the branching waveguides 201b and 201c as shown in FIG. A radio wave having an opposite phase propagates to 201d. The radio waves propagating through the branching waveguides 201a and 201b are synthesized by the magic T205. When radio waves having opposite phases are incident on the branch terminals 205c and 205d, the synthesized radio wave is output from the E-plane branch waveguide 205a. Similarly, the radio waves propagating through the branching waveguides 201c and 201d are combined by the magic T206 and output from the E-plane branching waveguide 206a. The radio waves output from the E-plane branching waveguides 205a and 206a are combined by the H-plane T-branch circuit 207 and output from the port 1.

Further, if the radio waves of high frequency _{f H} is incident, the branch waveguide 201 a to 201 d, since there is a low-pass type filter for reflecting high frequency propagation allowed the branch waveguide 201 a to 201 d Instead, it propagates to the circular waveguide 201 f and is output from the port 3. In addition, by connecting a circularly polarized wave generator, a polarized wave demultiplexer, etc. behind the port 3, it is possible to separate right-handed polarization / left-handed polarization, vertical polarization / horizontal polarization.

  As described above, the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 2 includes two adjacent ones of the branched waveguides 201a to 201d branched from the main waveguide 201e in the vertical and horizontal directions (correctly deviated by 45 degrees). Because of the structure in which the branching waveguides are combined, the structure can be reduced as compared with the case where the two opposing branching waveguides are combined. Further, by using the magic T205 and 206 for the synthesis of the branching waveguides 201a to 201d, it becomes possible to separate and output the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
An antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the front of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a side surface of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a phase shifter of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the front and side surfaces of a corrugated low-pass waveguide filter of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a side view showing a method for manufacturing the antenna feeder circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  10, the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention includes an OMJ 301, filters 302a, 302b, 302c, and 302d connected to the branching waveguides 301a, 301b, 301c, and 301d of the OMJ 301, and a filter The phase shifters 303a, 304a, 303b, and 304b connected to 302a, 302b, 302c, and 302d, and the phase shifters 303a and 304a, respectively, are connected to the E-plane branching waveguide 305a and the H-plane branching waveguide 305b. The magic T 305 having the E-plane branching waveguide 306a and the H-plane branching waveguide 306b, and the H-plane for synthesizing the E-plane branching waveguides 305a and 306a. E plane for synthesizing T branch circuit 307 and H plane branching waveguides 305b and 306b A branching circuit 308, are provided and the horn antenna 309.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the OMJ 301 includes a main waveguide 301e having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, and branch waveguides 301a, 301b, 301c, and 301d that branch vertically and horizontally from the side surface of the main waveguide 301e. Connected to the main waveguide 301e and having a circular cross-sectional shape with a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide 301e, that is, a waveguide cross-sectional dimension that is cut off in the frequency band f _L , and radio waves in the frequency band f _H A circular waveguide (square waveguide) 301f that transmits only the light is provided.

Filter 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d, as shown in FIG. 14, a corrugated lowpass type waveguide filter, the wide dimension of the waveguide TE20 mode at high frequency _{f H} becomes cutoff since it is the dimensions, only radio waves of lower frequency f _L can be passed not only TE10 mode which is the fundamental mode higher frequency f _H, TE20 mode, is designed to reflect including TE30 mode.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the phase shifters 303a and 303b are phase shifters having a corrugated wide waveguide surface, and the phase shifters 304a and 304b are corrugated waveguide narrow surfaces. These phase shifters have the same tube shaft length. The phase shifters 303a and 304a are designed such that the phase difference between the passing radio waves is 90 degrees, and the phase shifters 303b and 304b are such that the phase difference between the passing radio waves is 90 degrees. Designed to.

  Since the antenna feeding circuit according to the third embodiment has the above-described structure, it operates in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, two adjacent branched waveguides among the branched waveguides 301a, 301b, 301c, and 301d branched from the main waveguide 301e vertically and horizontally. Because of the structure for synthesizing the tube, the structure can be made smaller than when synthesizing two branching waveguides facing each other. Further, by using magic T305 and 306 for synthesizing the branched waveguides 301a, 301b, 301c, and 301d, it is possible to separate and output the right-handed polarized wave and the left-handed polarized wave.

  In addition, the antenna feeding circuit according to the third embodiment does not need to use a complicated filter having a waffle iron filter structure, and uses the corrugated phase shifters 303a, 304a, 303b, and 304b, so that Since the distances to the magic T305 and 306 for synthesizing the matching branching waveguides can be made equal, the feeder circuit structure is simplified. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, it can be easily manufactured by connecting four metal plates (Plate 1 to 4) metal-worked from both sides.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
An antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 16, an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention includes an OMJ 401 and filters (first and second branching waveguides) 401a and 401b connected to the OMJ 401 and first filters (first and second branch waveguides) 401a and 401b, respectively. First and second low-pass filters) 402a, 402b, phase shifters (first and second phase shifters) 403, 404 connected to the filters 402a, 402b, and phase shifters 403, 404, respectively. And a magic T405 having an E-plane branching waveguide (fifth branching waveguide) 405a and an H-plane branching waveguide (sixth branching waveguide) 405b, and a branching waveguide of OMJ401 ( Short plates (first and second short-circuit plates) 406a and 406b connected to the third and fourth branch waveguides) 401c and 401d, respectively, and a horn antenna 409 are provided.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a cross section of a substantially central portion of the OMJ of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 17A, a dotted arrow represents a left-handed polarized wave, and in FIG. 17B, a dotted arrow represents a right-handed polarized wave.

In FIG. 17, an OMJ 401 includes a main waveguide 401e having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, branch waveguides 401a, 401b, 401c, and 401d that branch from the side surface of the main waveguide 401e up and down and left and right, and a main waveguide 401e. And a circular cross-sectional shape having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide 401e, that is, a waveguide cross-sectional dimension that is cut off in the frequency band f _L and transmitting only radio waves in the frequency band f _H. A wave tube (square waveguide) 401f is provided. Although the circular waveguide 401f is not shown, the OMJ 401 is the same as that shown in FIG.

The filters 402a and 402b are low-pass filters, for example, waffle iron filters. Low-pass-type filter 402a, 402b, only radio waves of lower frequency _{f L} can be passed through a high frequency _{f H} is not only TE10 mode which is the basic mode, are designed TE20 mode, so that can not pass through, including TE30 mode .

  The phase shifters 403 and 404 are designed so that the phase difference between the passing radio waves is 90 degrees.

  Next, the operation of the antenna feeding circuit according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, it is assumed that a left-hand polarized radio wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 409. In the circular waveguide 401f of OMJ401, since the cutoff frequency is higher than the lower frequency _{f L,} it is not transmitted to the circular waveguide 401f, propagating in the branch waveguide 401a~401d through the coupling hole or the like To do.

  Here, when a left-handed polarized wave is incident, as shown in FIG. 17A, a radio wave having a phase advanced by 90 degrees with respect to the branching waveguide 401b propagates through the branching waveguide 401a. The branching waveguides 401c and 401d are short-circuited at the ends, so that no radio wave propagates. Normally, when a branching waveguide is made asymmetrical, degradation of characteristics occurs due to the generation of higher-order modes. However, branching waveguides should be provided symmetrically up and down, and two of them should be short-circuited at a certain distance. As a result, a pseudo-symmetric structure can be obtained, and the generation of higher-order modes can be greatly reduced, and the deterioration of characteristics can be reduced.

  The radio waves that have passed through the low-pass filters 402a and 402b are further subjected to a phase difference of 90 degrees by the phase shifters 403 and 404, so that a phase difference of 180 degrees is generated. Radio waves that have passed through the phase shifters 403 and 404 and have a phase difference of 180 degrees are synthesized by the magic T405. When radio waves having opposite phases are incident on the branch terminals 405c and 405d of the magic T405, the synthesized radio wave is output from the E-plane branching waveguide 405a and output from the port 1.

On the other hand, when a right-handed polarized wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 409, as shown in FIG. A radio wave with a 90 degree phase delay propagates. The branching waveguides 401c and 401d are short-circuited at the ends, so that no radio wave propagates. The radio waves that have passed through the low-pass filters 402a and 402b have a phase difference of 0 because a phase difference of 90 degrees is added by the phase shifters 403 and 404. These radio waves are synthesized by magic T405. When in-phase radio waves are incident on the branch terminals 405 c and 405 d of the magic T 405, they are output from the H-plane branch waveguide 405 b and output from the port 2.

Moreover, since the radio waves of high frequency _{f H} is when entering the horn antenna 409, a low-pass type filter 402a for reflecting high frequency branch waveguide 401 a to 401 d, 402b and short plates 406a, there is 406b The light does not propagate to the branching waveguides 401 a to 401 d but propagates to the circular waveguide 401 f and is output from the port 3. In addition, by connecting a circularly polarized wave generator, a polarized wave demultiplexer, etc. behind the port 3, it is possible to separate right-handed polarization / left-handed polarization, vertical polarization / horizontal polarization.

  As described above, the antenna feeding circuit according to the fourth embodiment synthesizes two adjacent branched waveguides among the branched waveguides 401a to 401d branched from the main waveguide 401e vertically and horizontally, and the remaining 2 Since the structure is short-circuited, the structure can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment. Further, the deterioration of characteristics due to the asymmetry of the branching waveguide is small. By using the magic T405 for synthesizing the branching waveguides 401a to 401d, it becomes possible to separate and output the right-handed polarized wave and the left-handed polarized wave.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
An antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 18, the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention includes an OMJ 501 and filters (first and second branch waveguides) 501a and 501b connected to the OMJ 501 respectively. First and second low-pass filters) 502a and 502b, connected to the filters 502a and 502b, E-plane branching waveguide (fifth branching waveguide) 505a and H-plane branching waveguide (sixth) And a short plate (first and second short-circuit plates) connected to the branch waveguides (third and fourth branch waveguides) 501c and 501d of the OMJ 501 respectively. ) 506a and 506b and a horn antenna 509 are provided.

  FIG. 19 is a view showing a cross section of a substantially central portion of the OMJ of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 19 (a), the thick line arrow indicates vertical polarization, and in FIG. 19 (b), the thick line arrow indicates horizontal polarization.

In FIG. 19, an OMJ 501 includes a main waveguide 501e having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, and upper, lower, left and right sides of the main waveguide 501e (in the drawing, a branching waveguide is used with reference to vertical polarization and horizontal polarization). The branch waveguides 501a, 501b, 501c, and 501d are branched to the main waveguide 501e and the cross-sectional dimension is larger than that of the main waveguide 501e. A circular waveguide (square waveguide) 501f having a small and circular cross-sectional shape, that is, having a waveguide cross-sectional dimension that is cut off in the frequency band f _L and transmitting only radio waves in the frequency band f _H is provided. It has been. Although the circular waveguide 501f is not shown, the OMJ 501 is the same as that shown in FIG.

The filters 502a and 502b are low-pass filters, for example, waffle iron filters. Low-pass-type filter 502a, 502b, only radio waves of lower frequency _{f L} can be passed through a high frequency _{f H} is not only TE10 mode which is the basic mode, are designed TE20 mode, so that can not pass through, including TE30 mode .

  Next, the operation of the antenna feeding circuit according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, it is assumed that a vertically polarized radio wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 509. In the circular waveguide 501f of OMJ501, since the cutoff frequency is higher than the lower frequency _{f L,} it is not transmitted to the circular waveguide 501f, propagating in the branch waveguide 501a~501d through the coupling hole or the like To do.

  Here, when vertically polarized waves are incident, as shown in FIG. 19A, radio waves having the same phase propagate to the branching waveguide 501a with respect to the branching waveguide 501b. The branching waveguides 501c and 501d are short-circuited at the ends, so that no radio wave propagates. Normally, when a branching waveguide is made asymmetrical, degradation of characteristics occurs due to the generation of higher-order modes. However, branching waveguides should be provided symmetrically up and down, and two of them should be short-circuited at a certain distance. As a result, a pseudo-symmetric structure can be obtained, and the generation of higher-order modes can be greatly reduced, and the deterioration of characteristics can be reduced.

  The radio waves propagating through the branch waveguide 501a and the branch waveguide 501b are synthesized by the magic T505. When radio waves having the same phase are incident on the branch terminals 505c and 505d of the magic T505, the synthesized radio wave is output from the H-plane branch waveguide 505b and output from the port 2.

On the other hand, when a horizontally polarized radio wave having a low frequency f _L is incident from the horn antenna 509, the branching waveguide 501a is opposite to the branching waveguide 501b as shown in FIG. Phase radio waves propagate. These radio waves pass through the low-pass filters 502a and 502b and are synthesized by the magic T505. When radio waves having opposite phases are incident on the branch terminals 505 c and 505 d of the magic T 505, they are output from the E-plane branch waveguide 505 a and output from the port 1.

Moreover, since the radio waves of high frequency _{f H} is when entering the horn antenna 509, a low-pass type filter 502a for reflecting high frequency branch waveguide 501A～501d, 502b and short plates 506a, there is 506b The light does not propagate to the branching waveguides 501a to 501d, propagates to the circular waveguide 501e, and is output from the port 3. In addition, by connecting a circularly polarized wave generator, a polarized wave demultiplexer, etc. behind the port 3, it is possible to separate right-handed polarization / left-handed polarization, vertical polarization / horizontal polarization.

  As described above, the antenna feeding circuit according to the fifth embodiment synthesizes two adjacent branched waveguides among the branched waveguides 501a to 501d branched from the main waveguide 501e in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the remaining 2 Since the structure is short-circuited, the structure can be reduced as compared with the second embodiment. Further, the deterioration of characteristics due to the asymmetry of the branching waveguide is small. By using the magic T505 for synthesizing the branching waveguides 501a to 501d, it becomes possible to separate and output the horizontally polarized waves and the vertically polarized waves.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
An antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the front of the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a side surface of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a side view showing the method for manufacturing the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 20, the antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention is connected to the OMJ 601, the filters 602a and 602b connected to the branching waveguides 601a and 601b of the OMJ 601, and the filters 602a and 602b, respectively. The phase shifters 603 and 604, the magic T605 having the E-plane branching waveguide 605a and the H-plane branching waveguide 605b, and the branching waveguides 601c and 601d of the OMJ 601 are connected to the phase shifters 603 and 604, respectively. Connected short plates 606a and 606b and a horn antenna 609 are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the OMJ 601 includes a main waveguide 601e having a circular or square cross-sectional shape, and branching waveguides 601a, 601b, 601c, and 601d that branch vertically and horizontally from the side surface of the main waveguide 601e. Connected to the main waveguide 604e and having a circular cross-sectional shape with a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide 604e, that is, a waveguide cross-sectional dimension that is cut off in the frequency band f _L , and a radio wave in the frequency band f _H And a circular waveguide (square waveguide) 601f that transmits only the light.

Filter 602a, 602b, as shown in FIG. 21, a corrugated lowpass type waveguide filter, for a wide dimension of the waveguide TE20 mode at high frequency f _H is dimensioned to be a cut-off Only the low frequency f _L radio wave can pass, and the high frequency f _H is designed to reflect not only the TE10 mode, which is the basic mode, but also the TE20 mode and the TE60 mode.

  As shown in FIG. 21, the phase shifter 603 is a phase shifter in which the wide surface of the waveguide is corrugated, and the phase shifter 604 is a phase shift in which the narrow surface of the waveguide is corrugated. It is designed so that the phase difference between the passing radio waves is 90 degrees.

  Since the antenna feeding circuit according to the sixth embodiment has the above-described structure, it operates in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, as in the fourth embodiment, the two adjacent branch waveguides among the branch waveguides 601a to 601d branched from the main waveguide 601e in the vertical and horizontal directions are combined, and the remaining two are short-circuited. Compared with the first embodiment, the structure can be made smaller. Further, the deterioration of characteristics due to the asymmetry of the branching waveguide is small. By using the magic T605 for synthesizing the branching waveguides 601a to 601d, it is possible to separate and output the right-handed polarized wave and the left-handed polarized wave.

  In addition, the antenna feeding circuit according to the sixth embodiment does not need to use a complicated filter having a waffle iron filter structure, and uses the corrugated phase shifters 603 and 604 to thereby make adjacent branched waveguides. Since the distance to the magic T605 for synthesizing the tubes can be made equal, the structure of the feeder circuit is simplified. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 23, it can be easily manufactured by connecting two metal plates (Plate 1-2) that are metal-worked from both sides.

  In each of the above embodiments, the low-pass filter is a corrugated low-pass waveguide filter, and a branching waveguide, a corrugated low-pass waveguide filter, and a phase shifter are used. The wide dimension of at least one of the waveguides may be a dimension that cuts off the TE20 mode in a higher frequency band among a plurality of frequency bands to be used.

  In each of the above embodiments, the main waveguide having a circular or square waveguide cross-sectional shape may be tapered in the tube axis direction of the waveguide.

  Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the antenna feeding circuit may be configured by combining a plurality of metal blocks that have been subjected to k excavation processing, as shown in FIG. 15 or FIG.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the approximate center part of OMJ of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the side of OMJ of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the magic T of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the magic T of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the magic T of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the magic T of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the approximate center part of OMJ of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the front of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the side surface of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the phase shifter of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the front and side surface of a corrugated low-pass waveguide filter of an antenna feeding circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the manufacturing method of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the approximate center part of OMJ of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the approximate center part of OMJ of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the front of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the side surface of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a side view which shows the manufacturing method of the antenna electric power feeding circuit which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  101, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601 OMJ, 101a, 101b, 101c, 101d Branching waveguide, 101e Main waveguide, 101f Circular waveguide, 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d Filter, 103a, 103b Phase shift 104a, 104b Phase shifter, 105 Magic T, 106 Magic T, 107 H plane T branch circuit, 108 E plane T branch circuit, 109, 209, 309, 409, 509, 609 Horn antenna.

Claims (9)

A main waveguide having a circular or square cross-sectional shape;
A waveguide connected to the main waveguide and having a circular or square cross-sectional shape having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide;
First, second, third and fourth branching waveguides branching up and down, left and right from the side of the main waveguide;
First, second, third and fourth low pass filters connected to the first, second, third and fourth branch waveguides, respectively;
First and second phase shifts that are connected to the first and second low-pass filters, respectively , and add a phase difference of 90 degrees so that the phase difference of the passing radio waves is 180 degrees or 0 degrees. And
Third and fourth phase shifts that are connected to the third and fourth low-pass filters, respectively , and add a phase difference of 90 degrees so that the phase difference between the passing radio waves is 180 degrees or 0 degrees. And
A first E-plane branching waveguide; a first H-plane branching waveguide; and first and second branching terminals. The first and second phase shifters include the first and second phase shifters . Are connected to each other, and the radio waves incident from the first and second branch terminals are combined and output from the first E-plane branch waveguide or the first H-plane branch waveguide. The first magic T to
The third and fourth phase shifters have a second E-plane branching waveguide, a second H-plane branching waveguide, and third and fourth branch terminals, and the third and fourth phase shifters . Are connected to each other, and the radio waves incident from the third and fourth branch terminals are combined and output from the second E-plane branch waveguide or the second H-plane branch waveguide. Second magic T
An H-plane T-branch circuit that synthesizes radio waves output from the first and second E-plane branching waveguides ;
An E-plane T-branch circuit that synthesizes radio waves output from the first and second H-plane branch waveguides ,
The first and second low-pass filters are connected to the adjacent first and second branch waveguides of the first, second, third, and fourth branch waveguides, respectively. And the third and fourth low-pass filters are connected to the adjacent third and fourth branch waveguides, respectively . In the first and third phase shifters, at least one of the wide surfaces of the waveguide is corrugated, and the second and fourth phase shifters are at least one of the narrow surfaces of the waveguide. The antenna feeder circuit according to claim 1, wherein the antenna feeder is corrugated. A main waveguide having a circular or square cross-sectional shape;
A waveguide connected to the main waveguide and having a circular or square cross-sectional shape having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide;
First, second, third and fourth branching waveguides branching up and down, left and right from the side of the main waveguide;
First, second, third and fourth low pass filters connected to the first, second, third and fourth branch waveguides, respectively;
A first E-plane branching waveguide; a first H-plane branching waveguide; and first and second branching terminals. The first and second low-pass filters include the first and second low-pass filters. Second branch terminals are connected to each other , and the first E-plane branch waveguide or the first H-plane branch waveguide is synthesized by synthesizing radio waves incident from the first and second branch terminals. The first magic T output from
The second E surface branch waveguide, the second H surface branch waveguide, and a third and fourth branch terminal, said third and said third and fourth low-pass type fill A fourth branch terminal is connected to each other , and the second E-plane branch waveguide or the second H-plane branch waveguide is synthesized by synthesizing radio waves incident from the third and fourth branch terminals. A second magic T output from
An H-plane T-branch circuit that synthesizes radio waves output from the first and second E-plane branching waveguides ;
An E-plane T-branch circuit that synthesizes radio waves output from the first and second H-plane branch waveguides ,
The first and second low-pass filters are connected to the adjacent first and second branch waveguides of the first, second, third, and fourth branch waveguides, respectively. And the third and fourth low-pass filters are connected to the adjacent third and fourth branch waveguides, respectively . A main waveguide having a circular or square cross-sectional shape;
A waveguide connected to the main waveguide and having a circular or square cross-sectional shape having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide;
First, second, third and fourth branching waveguides branching up and down, left and right from the side of the main waveguide;
First and second low-pass filters connected to the adjacent first and second branch waveguides, respectively;
First and second phase shifts that are connected to the first and second low-pass filters, respectively , and add a phase difference of 90 degrees so that the phase difference of the passing radio waves is 180 degrees or 0 degrees. And
First and second short-circuit plates connected to the adjacent third and fourth branch waveguides, respectively;
An E-plane branching waveguide, an H-plane branching waveguide, and first and second branch terminals, and the first and second branch terminals are connected to the first and second phase shifters, respectively. And a magic T that synthesizes radio waves incident from the first and second branch terminals and outputs the synthesized radio wave from the E-plane branch waveguide or the H-plane branch waveguide. Antenna feed circuit. In the first phase shifter, at least one of the wide surfaces of the waveguide is corrugated, and
The antenna feeding circuit according to claim 4, wherein the second phase shifter has a corrugated shape on at least one of the narrow surfaces of the waveguide. A main waveguide having a circular or square cross-sectional shape;
A waveguide connected to the main waveguide and having a circular or square cross-sectional shape having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the main waveguide;
First, second, third and fourth branching waveguides branching up and down, left and right from the side of the main waveguide;
First and second low-pass filters connected to the adjacent first and second branch waveguides, respectively;
First and second short-circuit plates connected to the adjacent third and fourth branch waveguides, respectively;
E plane branch waveguide, H surfaces branch waveguide and having a first and second branch terminals, said first and second branch terminals to said first and second low-pass type filter And a magic T that is connected to each other and synthesizes radio waves incident from the first and second branch terminals and outputs the combined radio waves from the E-plane branch waveguide or the H-plane branch waveguide. An antenna feeding circuit. The low-pass filter is a corrugated low-pass waveguide filter, and at least one of the branching waveguide, the corrugated low-pass waveguide filter, and the phase shifter is introduced. The antenna feeding circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a wide dimension of the wave tube is a dimension that cuts off a TE20 mode in a higher frequency band among a plurality of frequency bands to be used. . The antenna feeding circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main waveguide having a circular or square cross-sectional shape is tapered in a tube axis direction of the waveguide. The antenna feeding circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antenna feeding circuit is configured by combining a plurality of excavated metal blocks.

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