JP4824434B2 - Oil and fat adsorbent, method for producing fat and oil adsorbent, inorganic flocculant, and method for producing inorganic flocculant - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil and fat adsorbent used for cleaning treatment of various types of contamination, a method for producing an oil and fat adsorbent, an inorganic flocculant, and a method for producing an inorganic flocculant.

Conventionally, as a treatment of polluted water in rivers, lakes, marine areas, dams, etc., a coagulant is generally added to and mixed with the polluted water, and then a polymer flocculant is added and mixed. A method of releasing is known. In this principle, suspended solids in polluted water are reacted and adsorbed on a coagulant to form granular flocs, which are further aggregated with a coagulant to perform solid-liquid separation.
Thus, as the coagulants conventionally used, inorganic coagulants such as aluminum sulfate (sulfuric acid band), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, polyferric sulfate and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the flocculant include nonionic, anionic and cationic organic polymer flocculants. However, organic polymer flocculants are particularly expensive and are not suitable for use in the treatment of turbid water such as rivers and lakes that are required in large quantities.
In addition, depending on the type and turbidity of sludge and suspended solids, the inorganic coagulant is added alone or in combination of two or more, or in combination with a polymer flocculant, or when these flocculants are added Actually, the treatment process is simple and not convenient, such as pH adjustment with an agent or the like and stirring speed.
Further, when such an inorganic coagulant and polymer flocculant are used, the polymer flocculant can precipitate suspended substances, but if a large amount of polymer flocculant is used, such a mass will remain. There was a problem that it was easy and was not excellent in handling.

On the other hand, iron oxide and organic flocculant were blended with natural minerals mainly composed of alumina silicate impregnated with soil fungi as an inorganic flocculant purification treatment agent for polluted wastewater regardless of whether inorganic or organic. A technique in which sodium thiosulfate, calcium sulfate, and aluminum sulfate are blended with 100 parts by weight of the main component is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2004-8903 A

However, when the polluted water is settled by the inorganic coagulation purification agent described in Patent Document 1, the adsorption function for the suspended substance is not sufficient and may be separated again, and the function as the coagulant is low. Met.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can be adjusted easily with a single addition, and the aggregated floc can be enlarged to obtain a high sedimentation speed without causing the floc to collapse. An object of the present invention is to provide an oil and fat adsorbent, a method for producing an oil and fat adsorbent, and an inorganic flocculant and a method for producing an inorganic flocculant that are excellent in the function of treating polluted water that can be surely settled.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 includes a finely pulverized inorganic mineral containing aluminum,
Magnesium oxide viewed including, after firing, the solidified main agent reaction was pulverized is activated,
Look containing calcium oxide, after firing, after the solidification aid reaction was pulverized is activated, the mixed material containing the by kneading in water by hydration, layered porous material composed by curing at room temperature It is characterized by being.

Invention of Claim 2 is the fat-and-oil adsorption agent of Claim 1,
The inorganic mineral is a mineral including a group of feldspar made of aluminosilicate.

  According to invention of Claim 2, it can manufacture very cheaply by using minerals, such as general sand and a stone containing the feldspar most abundant in the mineral on a crust.

The invention of claim 3 is the fat or oil adsorbent according to claim 1 or 2,
The magnesium oxide is selected from magnesite, brucite, dolomite, olivine, and serpentine.

  According to invention of Claim 3, it can manufacture very cheaply by using the magnesite, brucite, dolomite, olivine, and serpentinite which exist generally on the crust.

Invention of Claim 4 in the manufacturing method of the fat adsorption agent which manufactures the fat adsorption agent as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
The solidification main agent containing magnesium oxide and the solidification aid containing calcium oxide are fired respectively.
By finely pulverizing the inorganic mineral containing aluminum, the fired solidification agent and the solidification aid, respectively, to make a mixed material, kneading the mixed material in water and hydrating, and then curing at room temperature A layered porous material is used.

According to the first and fourth aspects of the present invention, the layered porous material is formed by kneading a pulverized mixed material containing an inorganic mineral, a solidifying main agent, and a solidifying aid in water, followed by hydration, and then curing. Therefore, the specific surface area is very large as compared with the conventional case, and the surface adsorption ability is improved. Moreover, it becomes a layered porous material which is surface basic and has cation / anion exchange ability. Therefore, fats and oils can be reliably adsorbed by the fat and oil adsorbent which is such a layered porous material. In addition, since the fat and oil adsorbent is in an environment in which bacteria are very prone to propagate, the adsorbed fat and oil is decomposed and rendered harmless by aerobic bacteria in the atmosphere and anaerobic bacteria in the water. Therefore, even if it does not collect the fat and oil adsorbent that has adsorbed the fat and oil, the fat and oil is decomposed over time and returned to natural sand.
Furthermore, the specific surface area is very large by adding a coagulant and a polymer flocculant to the fat and oil adsorbent of the present invention, changing the blending as appropriate to make an inorganic flocculant, and adding this to the contaminated water. First, a neutralized salt is formed by the base of the fat and oil adsorbent with improved surface adsorption function and the acid in the contaminated water or the base and the acid of the coagulant, and the suspended molecules in the contaminated water are condensed on the neutralized salt. In addition, the floc-like condensed molecules in which the suspended molecules are condensed, the polymer flocculant causes a cross-linking action, the flocs become enormous, and the enlarged flock bridge is connected to the porous surface of the layered porous material. This makes the floc stronger and more specific. As a result, the floc settles quickly and the contaminated water is cleaned.
In addition, since the fat and oil adsorbent, which is a layered porous material, has a strong adsorbing power, it does not re-disintegrate even when stirred, and settles into water while adsorbing suspended molecules and is stabilized as clear water. Thus, the floc formed by adsorbing the suspended molecules can be easily recovered.
In addition, since the main component is an inorganic mineral in the present invention, fine quarrying or sand that can be obtained with a dust collector at a quarrying site or the like can be used as it is, which is very preferable from the viewpoint of environmental problems and is conventionally used. The expensive polymer flocculant that has been used can be reduced to a small amount, can be easily manufactured by hydration reaction with water in the air without giving extra energy, etc., and can be manufactured at a very low cost .

The invention of claim 5 is an inorganic flocculant,
A finely ground coagulant and a polymer flocculant are added to the fat and oil adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Invention of Claim 6 in the manufacturing method of an inorganic type flocculant,
A finely ground coagulant and a polymer flocculant are added to the fat and oil adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

According to the inventions of claims 5 and 6, a layered porous material obtained by curing a finely pulverized mixed material containing an inorganic mineral, a solidifying main agent, and a solidifying aid by kneading them in water, followed by hydration reaction. Since a coagulant and a polymer flocculant are added to the oil and fat adsorbent, the surface area is much larger than before by adding such an inorganic flocculant to the contaminated water. A neutralized salt is first formed by the base of the fat and oil adsorbent with improved adsorption function and the acid in the polluted water or the base and the acid of the coagulant, and suspended molecules in the polluted water coagulate on the neutralized salt. In addition, the floc-like condensed molecules in which the suspended molecules are condensed, the polymer flocculant causes a cross-linking action, the flocs become enormous, and the enlarged flock bridge is connected to the porous surface of the layered porous material. This makes the floc stronger and more specific. As a result, the floc settles quickly and the contaminated water is cleaned.
In addition, because it uses a fat-and-oil adsorbent that is a layered porous material, it has a strong adsorption power, so even if it is stirred, it does not re-disintegrate and sinks into the water while adsorbing suspended molecules, Stabilizes as clear water. Thus, the floc formed by adsorbing the suspended molecules can be easily recovered.
In the present invention, since the main component is an inorganic mineral, fine quarrying or sand that can be obtained with a dust collector at a quarrying site or the like can be used as it is, which is preferable from the viewpoint of environmental problems and is conventionally used. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of the expensive polymer flocculant to a small amount, and it can be easily produced by hydration reaction with water in the atmosphere without giving extra energy, and can be produced at a very low cost.
Furthermore, since the polymer flocculant is added after being finely pulverized, a multistage action can be performed by utilizing the difference in dissolution time depending on the particle size by appropriately changing the particle size. Therefore, various suspended molecules can be surely settled. As a result, it is not necessary to add a coagulant or polymer flocculant in multiple stages, and the suspended molecules are settled and polluted with a single addition. It can perform water purification treatment and is excellent in handling.

The invention of claim 7 is the method for producing an inorganic flocculant according to claim 6,
The polymer flocculant is finely pulverized by mixing and stirring finely pulverized inorganic mineral having a hardness of 6.5 or more in the polymer flocculant.

  According to the invention of claim 7, since the polymer flocculant is finely pulverized by mixing and stirring finely pulverized inorganic mineral with relatively high hardness, it is difficult to pulverize with a normal pulverizer. The existing polymer flocculant can be easily pulverized. Moreover, since the inorganic mineral contained in the material of an inorganic type coagulant | flocculant can be used, it is not necessary to sort out with this inorganic mineral mixed, and it is excellent in manufacturing efficiency.

  According to the present invention, the pH of contaminated water can be easily adjusted with a single addition, and suspended molecules can be settled reliably and quickly according to the purpose, and it is very simple and extremely inexpensive in terms of cost. Can be manufactured.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The fat and oil adsorbent according to the present invention comprises a mixture of a finely divided inorganic mineral containing aluminum as a main raw material, a finely ground solidified agent containing magnesium oxide, and a finely ground solidification aid containing calcium oxide. A layered porous material obtained by kneading the mixed material in water and allowing it to undergo a hydration reaction, followed by curing.
Inorganic minerals are, for example, clay, sand, stone and the like, and in particular, include all minerals including a group of feldspar made of aluminosilicate. Specific examples include minerals such as sandstone, conglomerate and tribute. Such an inorganic mineral can be obtained by crushing a mined raw stone to produce fine particulate sand or a somewhat large crushed rock. Such inorganic minerals are pulverized to increase the specific surface area to activate the reaction. The particle diameter is, for example, 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less, and is preferably changed as appropriate according to the purpose of use.

  As the solidifying main agent, one containing magnesium oxide is used. Specifically, as the magnesium oxide, an optimum one selected from magnesite, brucite, dolomite, olivine, serpentinite, etc. is selected and used. The solidifying agent is preferably fired at about 600 ° C. and then pulverized to increase the specific surface area and activate the reaction. The particle diameter is, for example, 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less, and it is preferable to change the particle size appropriately according to the purpose of use.

  As the solidification aid, one containing activated calcium oxide is used. It is also possible to use shell powder such as an inert oyster shell mainly composed of calcium carbonate. In this case, for example, the powder is baked to about 600 ° C. and then pulverized to increase the specific surface area and react. It is preferably used as magnesium oxide by being activated. The particle diameter is, for example, 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less, and it is preferable to change the particle size appropriately according to the purpose of use.

Moreover, in the entire fat and oil adsorbent, the proportion (weight ratio) of the inorganic mineral is 50% or more and less than 100%, the solidification main agent is 1% or more and 25% or less, and the solidification aid is greater than 0% and 50% or less. It is preferable.
By setting the ratio of the inorganic mineral to 50% or more and less than 100%, the inorganic mineral can be used without being easily discarded, and can be manufactured at a very low cost. Moreover, the reason why the solidification main agent is 1% or more and 25% or less is to obtain a necessary and sufficient amount of a layered porous material structure as a fat and oil adsorbent, and the reason why the solidification aid is set to be greater than 0% and 50% or less. In order to obtain sufficient strength in the structure of the porous material.

Then, each finely pulverized inorganic mineral, solidification main agent and solidification aid are blended in a predetermined ratio, mixed in a normal temperature atmosphere to make a mixed material, then mixed with water and kneaded, and at room temperature for several tens of hours The fat and oil adsorbent is produced by curing .
In this way, by adding water to the mixed material, multi by alumino magnesium oxide and inorganic minerals in the solidified base material reacts hydrated, absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by curing at normal temperature A layered porous material is produced. This layered porous substance is a layered double hydroxide, and is an oil and fat adsorbent that has surface adsorption ability, surface basicity, and cation / anion exchange ability, and enables nanoscale catalyst design.
Such fat and oil adsorbent is selected into a predetermined particle size and added to acidic or basic polluted water. When an oil and fat adsorbent is added, a number of neutralized salts formed by the coagulant and flocculant described later and suspended molecules are connected by the porous surface of the layered porous material, thereby further increasing the flocs. To be large and tough.

Next, an inorganic flocculant produced from the above-described oil and fat adsorbent will be described.
An inorganic flocculant is an oil and fat obtained by curing water by kneading water into a mixed material obtained by mixing an inorganic mineral containing aluminum as a main raw material, a solidification main agent containing magnesium oxide, and a solidification aid containing calcium oxide. A coagulant and a polymer flocculant are added to the adsorbent.
The fat and oil adsorbent produced as described above is thermally dried until it is almost completely dried, and is pulverized to a desired particle size. The particle size of the fat and oil adsorbent is, for example, 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less.
A coagulant containing aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride is used as the coagulant. The particle size of the coagulant is, for example, 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less, and is used after being finely pulverized according to the purpose of use.

As the polymer flocculant, any commercially available non-ionic polymer flocculants such as polyacrylamide, and other anionic and cationic polymer flocculants can be used. The polymer flocculant is usually in the form of beads, but is not pulverized but is used after being finely pulverized. Here, since the bead-like polymer flocculant cannot be finely pulverized by an ordinary pulverizer, a mineral having high hardness is selected from the minerals in the material, and this mineral is pulverized to the desired particle size. Used as a grinding aid. The hardness is preferably an inorganic mineral of 6.5 degrees or more, and in particular, olivine is preferable because it can prevent the influence of heat on the polymer flocculant that is received during pulverization.
Then, only by mixing such a grinding aid into the polymer flocculant at a certain rate, the polymer flocculant is finely ground according to the hardness of the grinding aid even if a normal grinding machine is used. Further, since the grinding aid is also composed of the same property mineral mixed as the material of the fat and oil adsorbent, it can be used without being sorted as it is. The particle size of the polymer flocculant is, for example, 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less.
The particle size of the polymer flocculant is appropriately changed according to the suspended molecules to be settled, and it is not necessary to prepare all the particle sizes, and various particle sizes may be mixed. Further, the type of the polymer flocculant is not limited to one, and a plurality of types may be used. By using the polymer flocculant as a powder in this way and changing the particle size and type, these differences can be used as the difference in dissolution time, and the suspension can be reliably suspended by acting in multiple stages on various suspended molecules. Molecules can be precipitated. That is, in general, since multiple types of liquid polymer flocculants are used, when multiple types of polymer flocculants are added at the same time, the polymer flocculants added at the same time may react with each other. In some cases, the suspended molecules cannot be allowed to settle. Therefore, it is necessary to titrate the polymer flocculant in multiple stages. On the other hand, in the present invention, it is not necessary to add in multiple stages, and it can be precipitated by reacting with various suspended molecules depending on the difference in dissolution time in a single addition. As a result, the plant is not increased in size and is very preferable in terms of cost.

In the entire inorganic flocculant, the proportion (weight ratio) of the inorganic mineral is 50% or more and 98% or less, the solidification main agent is 1% or more and 20% or less, the solidification aid is greater than 0% and 20% or less, the coagulant Is preferably 0% to 40%, and the polymer flocculant is preferably 0.01% to 5%.
By setting the ratio of the inorganic mineral to 50% or more and less than 98%, the inorganic mineral can be used without being easily discarded, and can be manufactured at a very low cost. Further, the reason why the solidification main agent is 1% or more and 20% or less is to obtain a necessary and sufficient amount of a layered porous material structure as a fat and oil adsorbent. In order to obtain sufficient strength in the structure of the porous material. Furthermore, the reason why the coagulant is 0% or more and 40% or less is to obtain an appropriate neutralized salt and coagulation action, and the polymer coagulant is 0.01% or more and 5% or less is appropriate. This is to obtain an aggregating action and suppress the influence of the polymer on the environment.

  Then, the fat and oil adsorbent produced as described above is dried by heating to an absolutely dry state, sorted to a target particle size (for example, 200 mesh or less), and then mixed with a coagulant and a flocculant in a content ratio according to the purpose. By doing so, a one-pack inorganic flocculant capable of precipitating suspended molecules in the polluted water with a single addition is produced.

  By adding a necessary amount of the inorganic flocculant produced as described above to the polluted water, the alkali component of the fat adsorbent, the acid or base in the polluted water, and the coagulant form a neutralized salt. Suspended molecules condense on the neutralized salt. Then, the polymer flocculant causes a cross-linking action on the coagulation molecules to enlarge the flocs, so that the floc bridge is entangled with the porous surface of the fat and oil adsorbent (layered porous material) and the flocs are connected. As a result, the floc is stronger and has a greater specific gravity. As a result, a good supernatant can be obtained.

As described above, according to the inorganic flocculant of the embodiment of the present invention, a finely pulverized mixed material containing an inorganic mineral, a solidification main agent, and a solidification aid is kneaded in water and hydrated, and then cured. Since a coagulant and a polymer flocculant are added to the fat and oil adsorbent, which is a layered porous material, by adding such an inorganic flocculant to the polluted water, the specific surface area compared to the conventional one is obtained. First, a neutralized salt is formed by the base of the fat and oil adsorbent having an extremely large surface adsorption function and the acid in the contaminated water or the acid of the base and the coagulant, and the neutralized salt forms suspended molecules in the contaminated water. Will condense. The floc-like condensed molecules in which suspended molecules are condensed cause a cross-linking action of the polymer flocculant to enlarge the flocs, and further, the enlarged flock bridge is connected to the porous surface of the layered porous material. Flock is stronger and has a higher specific gravity. As a result, the floc settles quickly and the contaminated water is cleaned.
In addition, because it uses a fat and oil adsorbent that is a layered porous material, it has a strong adsorption power, so even if it is stirred, the floc will not re-disintegrate and will sink into the water while adsorbing suspended molecules. And stabilized as clear water. Thus, the floc formed by adsorbing the suspended molecules can be easily recovered.
In the present invention, since the main component is an inorganic mineral, fine quarrying or sand that can be obtained with a dust collector at a quarrying site or the like can be used as it is, which is preferable from the viewpoint of environmental problems and is conventionally used. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of the expensive polymer flocculant to a small amount, and it can be easily produced by hydration reaction with water in the atmosphere without giving extra energy, and can be produced at a very low cost.
Furthermore, since the polymer flocculant is added after being finely divided, by appropriately changing the particle size, a multistage action can be performed by utilizing the difference in dissolution time depending on the particle size. Therefore, various suspended molecules can be surely settled. As a result, it is not necessary to add a coagulant or polymer flocculant in multiple stages, and the suspended molecules are settled and polluted with a single addition. It can perform water purification treatment and is excellent in handling.

Claims (7)

A finely divided inorganic mineral containing aluminum;
Magnesium oxide viewed including, after firing, the solidified main agent reaction was pulverized is activated,
Look containing calcium oxide, after firing, after the solidification aid reaction was pulverized is activated, the mixed material containing the by kneading in water by hydration, layered porous material composed by curing at room temperature An oil and fat adsorbent characterized by the above.   The fat and oil adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic mineral is a mineral including a group of feldspar made of aluminosilicate.   The fat and oil adsorbent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnesium oxide is selected from magnesite, brucite, dolomite, olivine, and serpentine. In the manufacturing method of the fat adsorption agent which manufactures the fat adsorption agent as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
The solidification main agent containing magnesium oxide and the solidification aid containing calcium oxide are fired respectively.
By finely pulverizing the inorganic mineral containing aluminum, the fired solidification agent and the solidification aid, respectively, to make a mixed material, kneading the mixed material in water and hydrating, and then curing at room temperature A method for producing an oil and fat adsorbent, characterized by using a layered porous material.   An inorganic flocculant obtained by adding a finely ground coagulant and a polymer flocculant to the fat and oil adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The manufacturing method of the inorganic type flocculent characterized by adding the finely ground coagulant and the polymer flocculent to the fat and oil adsorbent as described in any one of Claims 1-3.   The inorganic flocculant according to claim 6, wherein the polymer flocculant is finely pulverized by mixing and stirring a finely divided inorganic mineral having a hardness of 6.5 or more in the polymer flocculant. Manufacturing method.