JP4824191B2 - Nozzle for applying lubricant to forging die, lubricant applying device, lubricant applying method, forging device, and forging method. - Google Patents

Description

【００９０】
（実施例２〜１２）
表１に示したノズル、各条件で実施した以外は、実施例１と同様に潤滑剤の塗布を実施した。結果を表１に併記した。
【００９１】
（比較例１、２）
図１７に示した従来のノズルをシャフトに取り付けたこと、表１に示した条件としたこと以外は、先の実施例１と同様にして塗布を実施した。従来のノズルはスプレー吐出口と圧縮空気吐出口が並列的に５ｍｍ離れて配置されており、これらの中心線上にノズルの回転の中心がある。その結果を表１に併記した。金型への潤滑剤塗布範囲と圧縮空気吹き付け範囲が一致しなかったために、潤滑剤の塗布状態が偏り一部ムラが見られる状態であった。また乾燥状態も一部未乾燥の潤滑溜りとなった。特に金型の立ち壁部において未乾燥または無潤滑状態が顕著に見られた。
【００９２】
（比較例３）
また、手作業による圧縮空気の吹き付け、スプレーガンにより潤滑剤の塗布の操作をしたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして塗布を実施した。結果を表１に併記した。
【００９３】
（実施例１３〜１６）
２種類の潤滑剤の塗布試験を実施した。表２に示したノズル、条件で実施した以外は、実施例１と同様にして潤滑剤の塗布を実施した。ノズルは３重芯構造で一番内側の管の内直径は１ｍｍ、中間の管の内直径は２ｍｍ、外側の管の内直径は５ｍｍであった。潤滑剤は水性潤滑剤（潤滑素材：黒鉛。溶媒：水。濃度：５質量％）と油性潤滑剤（潤滑素材：黒鉛。溶媒：鉱物油。濃度：３質量％）を用いた。結果を表２に併記した。
【００９４】
【表２】

【００９５】
［鍛造試験］
（実施例１７〜２５、比較例１１、１２）
次に、アルミニウム合金（Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金）の連続鋳造棒を３００ｇに切断したものを加工用素材として、前述した塗布装置を用いて潤滑剤の塗布を実施した後、図２０に示した鍛造製品を熱間鍛造より製造した。鍛造する加工する際の金型の温度、加工用素材の温度、成形荷重は表３に示した。
【００９６】
ノズルは前記した実施例で用いたものの内から表３に示したものを用いた。潤滑剤は前記した実施例で用いたものの内から表３に示した組み合わせを用いた。ただし、金型への塗布サイクルは「噴霧用圧縮空気のみ」の吹き付け１秒間→「噴霧状油性潤滑剤」の吹き付け０．５秒間→「噴霧状水溶性潤滑剤」の吹き付け１．２秒間→「噴霧用圧縮空気のみ」の吹き付け２秒間を１サイクルとした。潤滑剤の種類が油性のみ、水性のみの場合はそれぞれの工程を省略した。その他の条件は、前記の実施例１と同じ条件とした。
【００９７】
それぞれ鍛造を１００００回試験したときの、鍛造した製品のかじりの発生、鍛造した製品のダレ、欠肉の発生を判定した結果を表３に示した。本発明の実施例においては比較例に比べ、かじりの発生による不良およびダレ、欠肉の発生による不良ともに減った。また、成形荷重についても比較例より低減した。成形荷重を低減できることにより金型の寿命を向上させることができるので、金型を更新するためのコスト、交換のための生産効率の低下を抑えることができる。
【００９８】
【表３】

【００９９】
【発明の効果】
本発明の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルは、噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口と潤滑剤吐出口が同心的に配置された潤滑剤塗布用ノズルであるので、潤滑剤塗布範囲と乾燥に用いられる噴霧用圧縮空気の吹き付け範囲がほぼ同一範囲となるので、均一で薄い皮膜である潤滑剤の塗布状態、または未乾燥な潤滑剤の溜りのない潤滑剤の乾燥状態を得ることができる。
【０１００】
本発明の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルは、噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口を潤滑剤吐出口の外側に配置することを特徴とする潤滑剤塗布用ノズルであるので潤滑剤塗布範囲が噴霧用圧縮空気により拡散状態となるので、広範囲に渡り噴霧可能となり、均一で薄い皮膜である潤滑剤の塗布状態、または未乾燥な潤滑剤の溜りのない潤滑剤の乾燥状態を得ることができる。
【０１０１】
本発明の潤滑剤塗布装置は、潤滑剤塗布用ノズルが、噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口と潤滑剤吐出口が同心的に配置された潤滑剤塗布用ノズルであるので、潤滑剤塗布範囲と乾燥に用いられる噴霧用圧縮空気の吹き付け範囲がほぼ同一範囲となるので、均一で薄い皮膜である潤滑剤の塗布状態、または未乾燥な潤滑剤の溜りのない潤滑剤の乾燥状態を得ることができる。
【０１０２】
本発明の潤滑剤塗布装置は、潤滑剤塗布用ノズルが、噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口を潤滑剤吐出口の外側に配置することを特徴とする潤滑剤塗布用ノズルであるので潤滑剤塗布範囲が拡散され広範囲となるので、均一で薄い皮膜を広範囲に形成される潤滑剤の塗布状態、または未乾燥な潤滑剤の溜りのない潤滑剤の乾燥状態を得ることができる。
【０１０３】
本発明の潤滑剤塗布方法は、噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口と潤滑剤吐出口が同心的に配置された潤滑剤塗布用ノズルまたは噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口を潤滑剤吐出口の外側に配置することを特徴とする潤滑剤塗布用ノズルを用いて、金型に対しほぼ同一軌跡をとるように吹きつけることを特徴とする潤滑剤塗布方法であるので、本方法を用いることにより、鍛造製品に対して均一でい皮膜である潤滑剤の塗布状態、または潤滑剤溜りのない潤滑剤の乾燥状態を得ることができる。その結果、鍛造製品にかじり、焼き付き、欠肉、ダレといった鍛造欠陥が発生するのを抑えることができ、また成形性が向上するので安定して製造することができる。
【０１０４】
本発明の鍛造方法は、潤滑剤塗布工程において、噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口と潤滑剤吐出口が同心的に配置された潤滑剤塗布用ノズルまたは噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口を潤滑剤吐出口の外側に配置することを特徴とする潤滑剤塗布用ノズルを用いているので、均一で薄い皮膜である潤滑剤の塗布状態、または潤滑剤溜りのない潤滑剤の乾燥状態を得ることができるので、鍛造製品にかじり、焼き付き、欠肉、ダレといった鍛造欠陥が発生するのを抑えることができ、また成形性が向上するので製造が安定する。
【０１０５】
その結果、複雑形状の鍛造製品（たとえば内燃機関ピストン、ワーブルプレート、コンプレッサーピストン、ブレーキピストン、コンプレッサー斜板）が安定して生産可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態の１例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの断面の概略図である。
【図２】図１の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図３】図２の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの変化例の吐出口付近の断面の概略図である。
【図４】図２の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの壁面にスパイラル状の凹部凸部を設けた一例の図である。
【図５】本発明の実施形態の別の一例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図６】図５の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの断面の概略図である。
【図７】図６の潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口付近の断面の概略図である。
【図８】本発明の実施形態の一例である塗布装置構成図である。
【図９】本発明の実施形態の一例である鍛造装置の構成の概略図である。
【図１０】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１１】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１２】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１３】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１４】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１５】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１６】本発明の実施形態の別の例である潤滑剤塗布用ノズルの吐出口配置の概略図である。
【図１７】従来のノズル断面図
【図１８】従来のノズルを取りつけた潤滑剤塗布装置の塗布範囲の模式図
【図１９】従来のノズルを取りつけた潤滑剤塗布装置を用いた場合の塗布、圧縮空気の吹き付けの回転の軌跡を示した図。
【図２０】鍛造製品の例の図
【図２１】実施例に用いた金型の下型の断面図
【符号の説明】
１１：噴霧用圧縮空気供給路、１２：潤滑剤供給路、１３：ニードル弁、１４：シリンダー駆動用圧縮空気、１５：ばね、１６：支持部、１７：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１８：潤滑剤吐出口
２１：潤滑剤吐出口、２２：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口
３１：潤滑剤吐出口、３２：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口
４１：スパイラル状の凹部または凸部、４２：潤滑剤吐出口、４３：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口
５１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、５２：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、５３：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口
６１：噴霧用圧縮空気供給路、６２：潤滑剤Ａ供給路、６３：潤滑剤Ｂ供給路、６４：ニードル弁、６５：ニードル弁、６６：シリンダー駆動用圧縮空気供給路、６７：シリンダー駆動用圧縮空気供給路、６８：ばね、６９：ばね
７１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、７２：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、７３：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口
８１：潤滑剤塗布用ノズル、８２：ノズル回転装置、８３：ノズル移動装置、８４：潤滑剤貯留タンク、８５：圧縮気体供給装置、８６：流路開閉器、８７：流路開閉器開閉の制御装置、８８：プロペラシャフト、８９：圧縮気体配管、８１０：潤滑剤配管、８１１：シリンダー駆動用圧縮空気配管、８１２：噴霧用圧縮空気配管、８１３：圧力調整器
９１：プレス装置、９２：上受板、９３：上型、９４：下型、９５：下受板、９６：潤滑剤塗布用ノズル、９７：シャフト、９８：ノズル回転装置、９９：ノズル移動装置
１０１：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、１０２：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口、１０３：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口
１１１：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、１１２：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１１３：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口
１２１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１２２：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、１２３：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口
１３１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１３２：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、１３３：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口
１４１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１４２：潤滑剤吐出口
１５１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１５２：潤滑剤Ａ用吐出口、１５３：潤滑剤Ｂ用吐出口
１６１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１６２：潤滑剤吐出口
１７１：潤滑剤用ノズル、１７２：圧縮空気用ノズル、１７３：潤滑剤供給路、１７４：噴霧用圧縮空気供給路
１８１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１８２：潤滑剤吐出口、１８３：潤滑剤塗布範囲、１８４：乾燥用圧縮空気吹き付け範囲、１８５：金型
１９１：噴霧用圧縮空気吐出口、１９２：潤滑剤吐出口、１９３：潤滑剤塗布の回転の軌跡、１９４：圧縮空気吹き付けの回転の軌跡、１９５：回転中心のズレ、１９６：潤滑剤塗布の回転中心、１９７：圧縮空気吹き付けの回転中心、１９８：ノズルの回転軌跡
２０１：リブ部、２０２：スカート部、２０３：ヘッド面、２０４：ピンボス部、２０５：バルブリセス[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nozzle for applying a lubricant to an aluminum alloy forging die, a coating apparatus, a coating method, and a forging method using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In hot forging using an aluminum alloy as a forging material, the upper and lower molds are heated to a predetermined temperature in advance, and a lubricant is applied to the surface in contact with the forging material of each mold and dried. After that, the raw material is heated to an appropriate temperature and inserted into the lower die, and the upper die is weighted and the raw material is sandwiched to form and manufacture a forged product.
[0003]
The lubricant is applied for the purpose of preventing the material from sticking and sticking to the mold or for easily releasing the product from the mold.
[0004]
When the lubricant is applied, the remaining lubricant (for example, graphite component foil or lump) from the previous forging is present on the mold surface. As a result, the forged product may suffer from defects such as lack of thickness and galling. For this reason, it is necessary to remove the residual lubricant, and prior to the application of the lubricant, it is necessary to blow off by blowing compressed air. In addition, if there is an undried lubricant after applying the lubricant, quality defects such as lack of thickness occur in the forged product, and thus drying by blowing compressed air is necessary.
[0005]
For example, when the forged product shown in FIG. 20 is forged, there is a risk that quality defects such as lack of thickness may occur if an undried lubricant is present in the mold part corresponding to the rib part 201 and the skirt part 202. It is.
[0006]
In order to apply the lubricant evenly, in hot forging of aluminum alloy, the lubricant is applied to the mold by spraying a water-based graphite lubricant with compressed air, or an oil-based graphite system. It has been common practice to apply a lubricant in the form of a spray with compressed air.
[0007]
In addition, these operations have been conventionally performed manually by a human operator by rotating the air gun over the mold to spray compressed air, or rotating the spray gun above the mold to apply the lubricant.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional manual spraying of compressed air and lubricant application work, since the lubricant application and the compressed air spraying are separately performed manually, the application range and the compressed air spray range are different. Since mismatching occurs, it is difficult to sufficiently suppress unevenness in the applied state and the dried state of the lubricant. In addition, since the conventional spray gun tends to be unstable in both the application amount and the application time, it has been difficult to sufficiently suppress unevenness in the application state of the lubricant.
[0009]
On the other hand, in the conventional lubricant application device in which the blowing by compressed air and the application of the lubricant are automated, the nozzles used therein are the lubricant nozzle 171 and the compressed air nozzle 172 as shown in FIG. It was only arranged in parallel. Therefore, when the mold is rotated as it is, the rotation center 196 for lubricant application and the rotation center 197 for spraying compressed air are misaligned as indicated by reference numeral 195 as shown in FIG. It was impossible to continuously apply compressed air to dry the applied lubricant, and uniform application was difficult. As shown in FIG. 18, since the lubricant application range 183 is inconsistent with the dry compressed air spray range 184, the lubricant is applied in a range where the lubricant is not applied, but the dry compressed air is insufficiently sprayed. In such a case, there is a possibility that a range where the coating becomes undried and uneven coating occurs. In order to solve these problems, an apparatus for switching the rotation locus corresponding to the position of each nozzle is required, so that the apparatus becomes complicated and the entire coating apparatus becomes large. Therefore, the current situation is that it cannot be realized due to the problem of installation space.
[0010]
In the case of applying various types of lubricants, a good application state has not been obtained conventionally. For example, if the lubricant solvent is oily and the solvent is not compatible, such as an aqueous solvent, simply using an aqueous solvent can be applied to a high-temperature mold with good wettability. The state cannot be obtained, and when an oil-based one is used, an oil puddle is generated, and there is a risk that a thin wall state in which the metal does not sufficiently enter the mold during forging may occur.
[0011]
For this reason, it is conceivable to use a surfactant to make it colloidal in order to have affinity, but in this case, the influence of the solvent as the main component becomes strong. Further, when the oily solvent is used in a colloidal form, the problem of the oil puddle with the oil-based lubricant is not solved, and the lack of the oil puddle due to the oil content occurs. A water solvent cannot be applied uniformly by repelling the mold surface. Therefore, it has been required to apply a water-based lubricant and an oil-based lubricant separately. However, in the conventional lubricant application apparatus, the oil-based lubricant nozzle, the water-based lubricant nozzle, and the compressed air nozzle are simply arranged in parallel. The two types of lubricant could not be applied uniformly due to the deviation.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, a lubricant application nozzle for applying a lubricant in a good spray state, and a lubrication failure (for example, an undried part) due to a deviation between the lubricant application range and the compressed air spray range for drying. And a forging method and a forging device using the same, which prevent occurrence of uncoated portions, lubricant puddles, etc.).
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has intensively studied the relationship between the discharge state of compressed air for spraying and a lubricant and the discharge port, and has completed the present invention based on the knowledge.
1) A first invention for solving the above problem is a nozzle for applying a lubricant used to apply a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, the compressed air discharge port for spraying and the lubricant This is a lubricant application nozzle in which the discharge ports are arranged concentrically.
2) A second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a nozzle for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, and the compressed air discharge port for spraying is disposed outside the lubricant discharge port. This is a lubricant application nozzle.
3) A third invention for solving the above problem is the lubricant application nozzle according to 1) or 2), characterized in that a lubricant discharge port is arranged inside the compressed air discharge port for spraying. is there.
4) A fourth invention for solving the above-described problem is the lubricant application nozzle according to any one of 1) to 3), a nozzle rotating device, a nozzle moving device, a lubricant storage tank, A device for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, which includes a compressed gas supply device, a flow path switch, and a control device for the flow path switch.
5) A fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the lubricant application device according to 4), wherein the nozzle moving device has a mechanism for moving forward and backward by an air cylinder.
6) A sixth aspect of the invention for solving the above-described problem is that the nozzle rotating device has a mechanism for rotating the nozzle on the center axis of the mold. The lubricant applying device according to 4) or 5) It is.
7) A seventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that the lubricant storage tank is pressurized by compressed gas and has a mechanism for supplying the lubricant to the nozzle by the applied pressure 4) Thru | or 6) It is a lubricant application apparatus of any one of.
8) An eighth invention for solving the above-described problem is characterized in that the control device is a control device that supplies only the compressed air for spraying, only the sprayed lubricant, and only the compressed air for spraying to the nozzle for a certain period of time. The lubricant application device according to any one of 4) to 7).
9) A ninth invention for solving the above problem is the lubricant application apparatus according to any one of 4) to 8), wherein two or more kinds of lubricants are sequentially supplied in supplying the lubricant.
10) A tenth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as described in any one of 1) to 3), in which only the compressed air for spraying or the sprayed lubricant is sprayed onto the forging die in forging an aluminum alloy. The lubricant application method is characterized in that the nozzle is sprayed so as to have substantially the same locus on the mold.
11) An eleventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is described in any one of 4) to 9) in spraying only compressed air for spraying or spray-like lubricant onto a forging die in forging an aluminum alloy. The lubricant application method is characterized in that the lubricant is applied to the mold so as to have substantially the same locus.
12) A twelfth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is that the lubricant application according to 10) or 11), wherein only the compressed air for spraying, sprayed lubricant, and only the compressed air for spraying are sprayed in this order. Is the method.
13) According to a thirteenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, any one of 10) to 12) is characterized in that the sprayed lubricant is sprayed in the order of oil-based lubricant and water-based lubricant. The lubricant application method according to Item 1.
14) A fourteenth aspect of the invention for solving the above problem is the method of applying a lubricant according to 13), wherein only the compressed air for spraying is sprayed during the spraying of the oily lubricant and the aqueous lubricant. is there.
15) A fifteenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a forging device including a press device, a forging die, and a lubricant applying device, wherein the lubricant applying device is any one of 4) to 9). A forging device, characterized in that it is the lubricant application control device according to the item.
16) A sixteenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a forging process including a lubricant application process to a mold, a mold lubricant drying process, a forging process, and a product discharging process from the mold. In the product manufacturing method, the lubricant application process uses the lubricant application method described in any one of 10) to 14).
[0014]
In addition, the metal mold | die in this specification consists of an upper mold and a lower mold. The lower die includes a combination of divided parts and a lower die having a knockout mechanism for taking out the forged product.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a view of the arrangement of the lubricant discharge port and the spray compressed air discharge port of the nozzle according to the present invention when the nozzle is viewed from the outside of the discharge port, that is, from the mold side where the lubricant is applied.
[0016]
The nozzle has two discharge ports. The arrangement of the discharge ports is a so-called double-core tube structure that is concentrically arranged. One discharge port is a sprayed compressed air discharge port, and the other discharge port is a lubricant discharge port. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the inner pipe of the double core pipe is the lubricant outlet 21 and the outer pipe is the compressed air outlet 22 for spraying.
[0017]
Here, since the spray air for spraying and the discharge port for the lubricant are arranged concentrically, the center for spraying compressed air and the center for spraying lubricant are substantially the same. As a result, the application range of the lubricant and the spraying range of the compressed air for spraying used for drying become substantially the same, so that the lubricant is more sufficiently dried, which is preferable. Here, concentric means that the center of the lubricant outlet and the center of the compressed air outlet for spraying are the same. In addition to the above example, for example, a plurality of lubricant discharge ports are arranged outside the spray compressed air discharge port, and the center of the plurality of lubricant discharge ports is the same as the center of the spray compressed air discharge port. Since there is an effect that the range in which the lubricant is applied and the range in which the compressed air is sprayed are substantially the same, the arrangement is a concentric arrangement according to the present invention.
[0018]
The center being the same means that the distance between the center positions is less than 5 mm (more preferably 2 mm or less). The reason why the distance of the center position is less than 5 mm is that there is an effect that the lubricant application range and the compressed air spray range for spraying are substantially the same.
[0019]
Moreover, in this example, the arrangement of the discharge port is such that the compressed air discharge port for spraying is disposed outside the lubricant discharge port. Since the spray compressed air discharge port is arranged outside the lubricant discharge port, the lubricant application range is diffused by the spray compressed air, and is the same as the spray range of the spray compressed air used for drying. As a result, the lubricant application range is diffused to form a uniform and thin film, which is preferable because uniform application over a wide range is possible.
[0020]
Moreover, the arrangement of the discharge port is such that the lubricant discharge port is arranged inside the compressed air discharge port for spraying. Since the lubricant outlet is disposed inside the compressed air outlet, the compressed air for spraying entrains the lubricant. As a result, since the lubricant application range is widely diffused, uniform application over a wide range is preferable.
[0021]
The shape of each discharge port seen in FIG. 2 is preferably circular. Examples of the shape include not only a circle and an ellipse but also a shape such as a rectangle, a hexagon, and a polygon. A smoothed polygon corner is preferred because the flow of lubricant and compressed air is uniform and stable. It is preferable that the compressed air discharge port for spraying and the lubricant discharge port have similar shapes from the viewpoint of the identity of the lubricant application range and the sprayed spray air spraying range.
[0022]
The wall surfaces separating the discharge ports are preferably 0.1 to 1 mm (preferably 0.2 to 0.8 mm) in terms of strength, weight reduction, and compactness. The surface of the wall surface in contact with the lubricant preferably has an average surface roughness (Ra) of 50 μm or less (preferably 25 μm or less) from the viewpoint of preventing the lubricant from adhering to the wall surface. The surface of the wall surface in contact with the compressed air for spraying preferably has an average surface roughness (Ra) of 50 μm or less (preferably 25 μm or less) from the viewpoint of preventing adhesion of moisture contained in the compressed air to the wall surface. .
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the wall surface in contact with the compressed air for spraying has, for example, a spiral recess or projection 41 in the discharge direction of the compressed air, such as a female screw provided on the inner surface of the nut. Preferably it is provided. The concave portion or the convex portion may be provided on the wall surface in contact with the compressed air, and may be provided on the surface of the wall surface between the lubricant outlet and the side in contact with the compressed air, contrary to FIG. This is because the sprayed compressed air is discharged in a spiral shape by the spiral concave or convex portions, and as a result, the lubricant is sufficiently entrained, so that the lubricant is in a better spray state. The depth of the concave portion is preferably 0.05 to 2 mm (the depth is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm) from the viewpoint of a good spray state. The height of the convex portion is preferably 0.05 to 2 mm (height is preferably 0.1 to 1 mm) from the viewpoint of a good spray state. The density of the concave portions or convex portions is preferably 3 to 12 places / periphery from the viewpoint of enhancing the entrainment effect. The angle of the spiral with respect to the discharge direction can be optimized while evaluating the spray state.
[0024]
Further, the area of the compressed air outlet for spraying (S_S) And area of lubricant outlet (S_L) (S)_S/ S_L) Is preferably 0.01 to 100 (more preferably 0.1 to 50) from the viewpoint of stable spraying.
[0025]
The maximum diameter of the inscribed circle of the shape of the entire nozzle outlet is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of the installation space. Regarding the inner diameter of the inscribed circle of the discharge port, for example, in the case of a double-core tube structure as shown in FIG. 2, the inner diameter of the inner tube is 0.3 to 5 mm (preferably 0.6 to 3 mm). The inner diameter of the outer tube can be 1-8 mm (preferably 2-6 mm). If the inner diameter of the outer tube exceeds 8 mm, the sprayed state becomes unstable and unevenness is likely to occur in the coated state. In the case of a triple core tube in which an inner tube is further provided in the inner tube, for example, the inner diameter of the inner tube is 0.3 to 2 mm (preferably 0.6 to 1 mm), and the inner diameter of the intermediate tube is 1. -5 mm (preferably 0.6-3 mm), and the inner diameter of the outer tube can be 3-8 mm (preferably 2-6 mm).
[0026]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view parallel to the discharge direction of the lubricant through the center of the nozzle shown in FIG. 2 as an example of the nozzle of the present invention. A spray compressed air supply path 11, a lubricant supply path 12, a needle valve 13 for opening and closing the lubricant supply path, a cylinder drive compressed air 14 for operating the needle valve, and a spring 15 are configured. In order to arrange the lubricant outlets concentrically, a support portion 16 may be provided.
[0027]
Here, it is preferable that the lubricant discharge port is retracted from the compressed air discharge port for spraying. For example, the wall surface separating each discharge port is provided such that the lubricant discharge port is recessed from the compressed air discharge port for spraying. Since the lubricant discharged by the compressed air for spraying is in a better sprayed state, uneven coating can be further suppressed, which is preferable. For example, in the example of FIG. 2, it is preferable that the wall surface is provided so that the lubricant discharge port 31 is retracted from the compressed air discharge port 32 for spraying as shown in FIG.
[0028]
The operation of an example of the embodiment of the nozzle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The lubricant pressurized by compressed air from the lubricant storage tank is supplied to the lubricant supply path. A needle valve is disposed in the flow path between the lubricant supply path and the discharge port, and the tip of the needle valve can be opened and closed between the lubricant supply path and the discharge port. The needle valve moves backward when the compressed air for driving the cylinder is supplied, and moves forward by the spring when the compressed air for driving the cylinder is closed. The lubricant supply path is connected to the discharge port by retreating the needle valve, and the lubricant is supplied to the discharge port. The compressed air for spray supplied through the compressed air supply path for spray is discharged from the compressed air discharge port for spray arranged outside the discharge port, and the lubricant discharged from the lubricant discharge port is caused by the compressed air for spraying. It is sprayed and sprayed onto a mold (not shown) to apply a lubricant. Here, when the supply of the lubricant is stopped, only the compressed air for spraying is blown. The needle valve may be provided outside the supply path, that is, outside the nozzle in consideration of the arrangement of the device. Here, the needle valve is preferable in that it can be finely adjusted. However, it is only necessary that the needle valve can be opened and closed, and an electromagnetic valve, a mechanical on-off valve, or the like can be used in addition to the needle valve.
[0029]
The nozzle of this example can be manufactured by attaching a needle valve, a spring, and a predetermined tube, using a nozzle body part that has been subjected to machining such as drilling after cutting an extruded product of an aluminum alloy. Moreover, the nozzle of this invention can be produced by arrange | positioning and arrange | positioning the pipe | tube of a predetermined diameter like this invention.
[0030]
The nozzle for applying a lubricant according to the present invention is a nozzle for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, and is a lubricant in which a compressed air discharge port for spraying and a lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically. Because it is a nozzle for application, the range of application of lubricant and the range of sprayed compressed air used for drying are almost the same range, so the application state of lubricant, which is a uniform and thin film, or of undried lubricant A dry state of the lubricant without accumulation can be obtained.
[0031]
The nozzle for applying a lubricant according to the present invention is a nozzle for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, characterized in that a compressed air discharge port for spraying is disposed outside the lubricant discharge port. Since the lubricant application range is diffused by the compressed air for spraying, it can be sprayed over a wide range, and the lubricant is applied in a uniform and thin film, or an undried lubricant. It is possible to obtain a dry state of the lubricant without any accumulation of water.
[0032]
An example of an embodiment of the lubricant application device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of the lubricant application nozzles shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 and the application device configuration diagram shown in FIG.
[0033]
The lubricant application nozzle shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 is another example of the present invention. The nozzle has three discharge ports. The discharge ports are arranged concentrically. It has a so-called triple core tube structure. One discharge port is a compressed air discharge port 51 for spraying, and the other discharge ports are discharge ports (lubricant A discharge port 52, lubricant B discharge port) for two types of lubricants (lubricants A and B). Exit 53). Here, the compressed air for spraying and the discharge port of the lubricant are arranged concentrically.
[0034]
In addition, the arrangement of the discharge port is such that the compressed air discharge port for spraying is disposed outside the lubricant discharge port. The arrangement of the discharge ports is such that the lubricant discharge ports are disposed inside the compressed air discharge ports for spraying.
[0035]
6 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the lubricant discharge direction through the center of the nozzle shown in FIG. Sprayed compressed air supply path 61, lubricant A supply path 62, lubricant B supply path 63, needle valves 64 and 65 for opening and closing each lubricant supply path, and cylinder drive compressed air supply path 66 for operating each needle valve 67, and springs 68 and 69 connected to the needle valves. In order to arrange the lubricant outlets concentrically, a support portion (not shown) may be provided.
[0036]
An example of the coating apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG. It includes a lubricant application nozzle 81, a nozzle rotating device 82, a nozzle moving device 83, a lubricant storage tank 84, a compressed gas supply device 85, a flow path switch 86, and a flow path switch control device 87. . A pressure regulator 813, such as a pressure reducing valve, can be included as needed. An example of the compressed gas supply device is an air compressor. It is preferable to use an electromagnetic valve as the flow path switch because control is easy.
[0037]
Lubricant pipe 810 is a lubricant application nozzle from a lubricant storage tank whose liquid surface is pressurized by compressed air supplied from compressed air, for example, an air compressor via pressure regulator 813 and compressed gas pipe 89. Piped in the supply path. The lubricant storage tank preferably has a propeller shaft 88 for stirring. This is because the lubricant can be constantly stirred, so that the solid content of the lubricant can be prevented from settling. Examples of the compressed gas include inert gas, dry air, and mixed gas thereof.
[0038]
The compressed air for spraying is piped from the air compressor via the pressure regulator 813 and the compressed gas pipe 89 to the compressed air supply path of the lubricant application nozzle via the solenoid valve and further via the compressed air pipe 812 for spraying. Yes. The opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by a timer provided in the solenoid valve opening and closing control device, and is opened for a target time to supply the compressed compressed air.
[0039]
The compressed air for driving the cylinder is supplied from the air compressor via the pressure regulator 813 and the compressed air pipe 89, through a solenoid valve capable of releasing the internal pressure, and further via the compressed air pipe 811 for driving the cylinder to the lubricant for the lubricant application nozzle. It is piped to a needle valve provided in the middle of the supply path. The opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by a timer provided in the solenoid valve opening and closing control device.
[0040]
The needle valve has a mechanism for retreating when compressed air for driving the cylinder is supplied. The lubricant supply path and the lubricant discharge port are connected by the retraction of the needle valve. When the solenoid valve is closed and the compressed air pressure in the solenoid valve is released, the needle valve is advanced by a spring. The advance of the needle valve closes the lubricant supply path and the lubricant discharge port.
[0041]
Here, when supplying two types of lubricants using the lubricant application nozzles shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the application apparatus has two systems similar to the above. For example, the liquid surface of the first type of lubricant is pressurized by compressed air from an air compressor, and the flow path of the lubricant is piped from the lubricant storage tank to the lubricant supply path of the lubricant application nozzle. The second type of lubricant is piped from a lubricant storage tank different from the first type of lubricant whose pressure has been pressurized by compressed air from an air compressor to the lubricant supply passage of the lubricant application nozzle. ing. The flow path of the first cylinder drive compressed air for the lubricant is piped to the cylinder drive compressed air supply path of the lubricant application nozzle through an electromagnetic valve capable of releasing the internal pressure from the air compressor. The flow path of the compressed air for driving the cylinder of the second type of lubricant passes through the solenoid valve different from that for the compressed air for driving the cylinder of the first type of lubricant that can release the internal pressure from the air compressor. It is piped to a compressed air supply path for driving the cylinder different from the first type.
[0042]
The lubricant application nozzle is connected to a nozzle rotation device, and the lubricant application nozzle is applied by the nozzle rotation device while rotating over the mold. In the nozzle rotating device, it is preferable to rotate the nozzle on the mold central axis because the sprayed compressed air and lubricant can be uniformly applied over a wide range. It can also be connected to a nozzle rotating device via a shaft. The nozzle rotating device has a function of moving upward or retreating from above the mold by the nozzle moving device. For example, the lubricant application nozzle is retracted from above the mold during molding, and the lubricant application nozzle moves above the mold during lubricant application. It is preferable that the nozzle moving device has a mechanism that moves forward and backward with an air cylinder because driving energy can be shared with other driving devices. Moreover, since operation | movement is stable, it is preferable.
[0043]
When the coating target mold is an upper mold or a lower mold, the nozzle is connected to the nozzle rotating device so as to discharge toward the target mold. When the application target molds are an upper mold and a lower mold, the nozzles can be efficiently applied by connecting to a nozzle rotating device with two nozzles arranged so as to discharge toward the respective target molds. can do.
[0044]
Next, the operation of applying the lubricant using the lubricant application device of the present invention will be described.
Actually, when applying a lubricant to the mold, first, in order to remove deposits on the mold surface, the solenoid valve of the spray compressed air supply path is opened and only the compressed compressed air is supplied. Spray with compressed air for spraying. Thereafter, when the solenoid valve of the compressed air flow for driving the cylinder is opened and the needle valve is retracted, the lubricant is supplied to the discharge port. In order to atomize the lubricant, the electromagnetic valve in the flow path of the compressed air for spraying is opened during this time, and the compressed air for spraying is also supplied at the same time. When the lubricant supply time ends, the solenoid valve in the flow path of the cylinder drive compressed air is closed and the internal pressure in the solenoid valve is released. As a result, the needle valve is advanced by the spring, the flow path of the lubricant is closed, and the supply of the lubricant is stopped. Thereafter, in order to dry the lubricant applied to the mold, only the compressed air for spraying is sprayed on the mold. This completes the lubrication application process to the mold.
[0045]
In the lubricant application device of the present invention, it is preferable that the rotation diameter can be adjusted in accordance with the mold diameter. For example, it can be adjusted by changing the shaft. The spray angle can also be adjusted by the supply pressure of the compressed air for spraying. For example, if the supply pressure is increased, the discharge angle becomes wider and application over a wide range becomes possible. For example, the supply pressure is 0.4 × 10⁶When it is assumed that it is Pa, it can be applied with a spread of an angle within ± 20 degrees with respect to the vertical. It is particularly suitable for applying a lubricant in a good state to a mold for forging a deep cup-shaped product. For example, as a mold for forging a deep cup-shaped product, one having a standing wall with a depth of 30 mm or more and a width of 10 mm or less can be mentioned.
[0046]
If the pressure of the pressure regulator can be controlled from the control device, for example, the discharge amount can be changed between when only the compressed air for spraying is discharged and when the spray-like lubricant is discharged. Since it can obtain, it is preferable.
[0047]
In the lubricant application device of the present invention, the lubricant application nozzle is a nozzle for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, and the compressed air discharge port for spraying and the lubricant discharge port are concentric. Since the lubricant application range and the spraying range of the compressed air for spraying used for drying are almost the same range, the application state of the lubricant that is a uniform and thin film, or It is possible to obtain a dry state of the lubricant without accumulation of undried lubricant.
[0048]
In the lubricant application apparatus of the present invention, the lubricant application nozzle is a nozzle for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, and the compressed air discharge port for spraying is disposed outside the lubricant discharge port. Since it is a nozzle for lubricant application characterized by being arranged, the lubricant application range is diffused and widened, so that a uniform and thin film is formed over a wide area, or the dried lubricant A dry state of the lubricant without accumulation can be obtained.
[0049]
In the lubricant application method of the present invention, the lubricant application nozzle in which the compressed air discharge port for spraying and the lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically or the compressed air discharge port for spraying are arranged outside the lubricant discharge port. The lubricant application method is characterized in that the lubricant application nozzle is characterized in that it is sprayed so that it takes almost the same locus to the mold. It is possible to obtain a coated state of a lubricant that is a uniform and thin film, or a dried state of a lubricant that does not retain a lubricant, so that forging defects such as galling, seizing, undercutting, and sagging occur in a forged product. In addition, since the moldability is improved, it can be stably produced.
[0050]
An example of an embodiment of the forging method of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, two kinds of lubricant application nozzles, the lubricant application device configuration diagram shown in FIG. 8, and the forging device shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to a schematic diagram.
[0051]
For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the forging device of the present invention includes a press device 91, a forging die including an upper die 93 and a lower die 94, a lubricant coating nozzle 96, a shaft 97, and a nozzle rotating device 98. And a lubricant applying device comprising a nozzle moving device 99. If necessary, an upper receiving plate 92 and a lower receiving plate 95 can be provided. Further, the lubricant application device may be installed as a single lubrication device and its operation is linked with the press device.
[0052]
Here, the lubricant application nozzle includes two sets of lubricant supply paths, a compressed air supply path for driving the cylinder, and a needle valve. The arrangement of each discharge port exemplifies a triple-core tube structure in which the discharge port of the lubricant application nozzle is the inside of the sprayed compressed air discharge port for spraying.
[0053]
The lubricant application nozzle is connected to a nozzle rotation device via a shaft, and the lubricant application nozzle applies the lubricant while rotating above the mold by the nozzle rotation device. The nozzle rotating device has a function of moving upward from the mold by the nozzle moving device and retracting from above the mold. During molding, the mold is retracted from above the mold, and at the time of applying lubricant, the lubricant application nozzle moves upward from the mold.
[0054]
The forging method of the present invention will be described in the case where two types of lubricants are applied to a mold using the forging device.
First, in a standby state in which the upper die of the forging device mold is raised, the nozzle for lubricant application is moved above the die by the nozzle moving device of the lubricant application device. At this time, it is preferable from the point of uniform application that the lubricant application nozzle is located at substantially the center of the mold. In the case of an irregular shape other than a circle, the position of the product center of gravity is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform application to the whole. The height position is the center position between the upper mold and the lower mold in the standby state. When applying simultaneously to the upper mold and lower mold, the upper mold and lower mold It is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform application.
[0055]
In order to obtain a good lubricant application state and dry state using this apparatus, the temperature of the mold is preferably 150 to 450 ° C. This is because the lubricant can be dried well at this temperature. At this time, the temperature of the forging material is lowered due to heat removal from the forging material to the mold, and the formability is lowered. It is preferable to set the temperature to 250 ° C. when difficult processing such as a forged product having a complicated shape is performed because the lubricant can be satisfactorily applied and the deterioration of forging formability can be prevented.
[0056]
Next, compressed air is discharged from the compressed air discharge port while rotating the lubricant application nozzle by the nozzle rotating device. The faster the rotation speed (specifically, 1 time / second or more, preferably 6 times / second or more), the more preferable it is because the remaining solids can be efficiently removed. Also, the rotation trajectory is preferably the outer shape of the product shape seen from the nozzle, since it can be sprayed to the whole. When the shape of the product viewed from the nozzle is a circle, it is preferable that the rotation trajectory is a circle because the spray can be made uniform. The discharge condition is adjusted to 0.1-1 × 10⁶Pa (preferably 0.3 to 0.7 × 10⁶Pa. ). The discharge time is preferably 0.1 seconds to 10 seconds because productivity can be improved in terms of tact time.
[0057]
Subsequently, the needle valve that opens the cylinder-driven compressed air solenoid valve for the first type of lubricant is opened, and the first type of lubricant is discharged from the discharge port. At this time, the compressed air for spraying continues to spray the lubricant. The amount of lubricant discharged can be determined in accordance with the product shape. The ratio of the amount of lubricant to the product weight (lubricant weight / product weight) can be 0.001 to 0.1. This is because a uniform lubricant film can be formed. When the product shape is complicated, 0.003 to 0.08 is preferable because the product quality is stabilized.
[0058]
The amount of compressed air discharged to spray the lubricant is 1 to 3000 cm.^Three/ Second is preferable because a sufficiently diffused spray can be obtained. The spraying time is preferably set so that the number of times of application to the mold is 1 or more (preferably 3 or more) in one forging cycle from the viewpoint of forming a uniform film. For example, the timer is preferably set to 0.1 to 10 seconds from the viewpoint of production efficiency and formation of a uniform film.
[0059]
Next, the cylinder drive compressed air solenoid valve for the first type of lubricant is closed, the needle valve is advanced to stop supplying the lubricant, and the cylinder drive compressed air solenoid valve for the second type of lubricant is opened. The needle valve is moved backward to start supplying the second type of lubricant to the discharge port. During this time, the compressed air for spraying continues to spray the lubricant. The spraying time is preferably set so that the second type lubricant film is uniformly applied on the first type lubricant film from the viewpoint of maximizing the lubricating effect of the two types of lubricants. For example, the timer is preferably set to 0.1 to 10 seconds from the viewpoint of production efficiency and the formation of a uniform two-layer film.
[0060]
After the lubricant application is completed, compressed air is sprayed to dry the lubricant. It is preferable to set the spraying time so as to prevent the generation of undried lubricant from the viewpoint of preventing the occurrence of thinning due to the accumulation of the lubricant liquid. For example, it is preferable to set the time from 0.1 seconds to 10 seconds with a timer because the production efficiency is improved and sufficient drying can be obtained.
[0061]
The internal pressure of the lubricant storage tank is 0.01 × 10 using a pressure regulator.⁶Pa ~ 1 × 10⁶It is adjusted to Pa. In order to supply the lubricant stably, it is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 × 10⁶Pa (more preferably 0.1 × 10⁶Pa. ).
[0062]
Supply of these two kinds of lubricants and compressed compressed air can be controlled using an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes by time control. Here, a series of steps including a spraying process of only the compressed air for spraying, a coating process of the sprayed lubricant, and finally a discharging process of only the compressed air for spraying is considered as one cycle of the lubricant coating process to the forging die. be able to. In this case, it is preferable to repeat this coating cycle a plurality of times because the lubricant film can be formed in any film thickness required from the forging conditions in the subsequent process. Moreover, in 1 cycle, the kind of lubricant to be used can be arbitrarily combined depending on the forging conditions. Further, in one cycle, it is possible to arbitrarily combine the discharge order of compressed air for spraying and the discharge order of lubricant depending on the type of lubricant used. For example, if the shape of the forged product is complicated and higher lubricity is required, for example, if it is necessary to increase the thickness of the lubricant film, “only spray compressed air” → “sprayed lubricant” → “only spray compressed air” → A combination of “sprayed lubricant” → “only compressed air for spraying” is preferable because the moldability can be improved. For example, if the mold temperature is high and the water-based lubricant is repelled, “only sprayed compressed air” → “sprayed oily lubricant” → “sprayed aqueous lubricant” → “only sprayed compressed air” The combination is preferable because a film of the aqueous lubricant can be stably formed. In addition, the combination of “compressed compressed air only” → “sprayed oil lubricant” → “compressed compressed air only” → “sprayed aqueous lubricant” → “compressed compressed air only” forms a coating of aqueous lubricant. Since it can form more stably, it is preferable.
[0063]
After the application step is completed, the nozzle stops rotating and is retreated from above the mold by the nozzle moving device. Thereafter, the upper mold of the mold is lowered and molding is started.
[0064]
When three or more kinds of lubricants are applied, a lubricant storage tank corresponding to each lubricant, a solenoid valve for opening / closing a cylinder driving compressed air, and a nozzle for applying lubricant can be additionally provided.
[0065]
In the forging device of the present invention, the lubricant application device has a spray nozzle for compressed air and a spray nozzle for spraying in which the lubricant discharge port is arranged concentrically or a compressed air discharge port for spray outside the lubricant discharge port. Since it has a nozzle for applying a lubricant characterized by being arranged, by using this apparatus, there is no lubricant applied state or a lubricant pool that is a uniform and thin film on a forged product. Since the dry state of the lubricant can be obtained, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of forging defects such as galling, seizure, undercutting and sagging in the forged product, and the formability is improved, so that it can be stably manufactured it can.
[0066]
According to the forging method of the present invention, in the lubricant application step, the sprayed compressed air discharge port and the lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically, and the sprayed compressed air discharge port is arranged outside the lubricant discharge port. Since a lubricant application nozzle characterized by being arranged in the above is used, it is possible to obtain a lubricant application state that is a uniform and thin film, or a dry state of a lubricant that does not retain a lubricant. Forging defects such as galling, seizure, chipping, and sagging can be prevented from occurring in the product, and the moldability is improved, so that the production is stable.
[0067]
Another embodiment of the lubricant application nozzle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0068]
FIG. 10 is an embodiment in which the compressed air discharge port 103 for spraying, the discharge port 101 for the lubricant A, and the discharge port 102 for the lubricant B are arranged concentrically.
[0069]
FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the compressed air discharge port 112 for spraying, the discharge port 111 for the lubricant A, and the discharge port 113 for the lubricant B are arranged concentrically.
[0070]
The nozzle of FIG. 12 is an embodiment in which the lubricant A discharge port 122 is branched into six and arranged on the outer periphery of the lubricant B discharge port 123. Each of the two types of lubricant discharge ports is located in the spray compressed air discharge port 121, and is applied to the mold in the form of a mist by the spray compressed air.
[0071]
The nozzle of FIG. 13 is an embodiment in which the lubricant A discharge ports 132 and the lubricant B discharge ports 133 are alternately arranged in a circle. Each of the two types of lubricant discharge ports is located inside the compressed air discharge port 131 for spraying, and is applied to the mold in the form of a mist by the compressed air for spraying.
[0072]
FIG. 14 shows an embodiment in which the compressed air discharge port 141 for spraying and the lubricant discharge port 142 are arranged concentrically, and the compressed air discharge port for spraying is arranged outside the lubricant discharge port.
[0073]
FIG. 15 shows an embodiment in which the spray compressed air discharge port 151, the lubricant A discharge port 152, and the lubricant B discharge port 153 are arranged concentrically.
[0074]
The nozzle of FIG. 16 has a plurality of lubricant discharge ports 162 adjacent to each other, and a deviation between the center of the lubricant discharge ports and the center of the compressed air discharge port 161 for spraying is less than 5 mm (preferably 2 mm or less). is there. Since there is such a deviation, the deviation of the spray range does not affect the moldability. By arranging the discharge port in the compressed air piping for spraying, the spraying range and the coating range are completely matched, and a uniform lubricant film is formed.
[0075]
Next, an example in which many types of lubricants are used will be described.
By using this device, the lubricant application device is downsized and does not increase in weight, and is rotated and applied while suppressing misalignment of the rotation center. Since the spraying can be carried out in any combination, the apparatus is particularly suitable for applying various kinds of lubricants. A specific example will be described below.
[0076]
The lubricant is obtained by dissolving or dispersing a lubricant material (for example, graphite, water glass, zinc stearate) in a solvent (for example, water, kerosene, mineral oil). The concentration is preferably 1 to 20% (more preferably 3 to 10%) in terms of mass% because a uniform and stable dry state can be obtained. Moreover, it is preferable to add an additive from the viewpoint of dispersion.
[0077]
The following combinations ((1) to (10)) of the application order of the lubricants can be mentioned.
(1) water-based graphite, oil-based graphite, (2) oil-based graphite, water-based graphite, (3) water glass system, water-based graphite, (4) water-based graphite (graphite particle coarse), water-based graphite (graphite particle fine), (5) Oil only + Water graphite, (6) Oil only, Water glass, (7) Water glass, Another water glass, (8) Molybdenum disulfide, Oily graphite, (9) Molybdenum disulfide, Water graphite, ( 10) Emulsion, oily graphite.
[0078]
According to the present invention, since various types of lubricants can be applied in a good application state, it is effective when the lubricant solvent has no affinity, such as oil and solvent. . When a water-based lubricant and an oil-based lubricant are combined, the following effects can be obtained.
[0079]
In general, when forging a material into a complicated forged product shape, a good forged product can be obtained by a method of forging in a state in which a mold is heated to a temperature near the heating temperature of the material. This is thought to be because high heat formability of the material can be maintained because heat removal from the material to the mold can be prevented.
[0080]
In the forging method of the present invention, for example, a lubricant application device having a lubricant application nozzle capable of supplying a plurality of lubricants is used, and without first lowering the mold temperature (preferably the mold temperature is 200). ), An oil lubricant (for example, in the case of a high temperature iron mold, mineral oil is preferable to obtain good wettability) is applied to the surface of the high temperature mold, and then An aqueous lubricant containing graphite is applied onto the lubricant film to adsorb the graphite solid component, and then forging is performed. Furthermore, by spraying only “compressed air for spraying” prior to application of the lubricant, the remainder of the previous lubricant can be sufficiently removed, and by applying “only compressed air for spraying” after application, the lubricant Since the dry state of this can be made favorable, it is preferable. In the present invention, since a lubricant application device having a lubricant application nozzle capable of applying a plurality of lubricants is used, the wettability does not decrease even when the mold temperature is high, that is, the lubricant is used. A good coating state can be obtained without being repelled, and a uniform lubricating film free from oil accumulation can be obtained by subsequently applying an aqueous lubricant onto this film to adsorb the graphite solid component. As a result, it is possible to suppress the problem that the lubricant pool does not occur in the concave portion of the mold and the forged product is thinned.
[0081]
As compressed air used as the compressed air for spraying, dry compressed air is preferable. It is also conceivable to use an inert gas from the viewpoint of preventing oxidation of the graphite layer which is the main component of the lubricant film.
[0082]
The material for the nozzle for applying the lubricant is preferably an aluminum alloy from the viewpoint of reducing the weight of the apparatus. A corrosion-resistant material is preferable, and 5000 series alloy, 6000 series alloy, etc. are mentioned. If the heat resistance at the operating temperature is satisfied, resin is preferable from the viewpoint of weight reduction. If iron is used in terms of strength, wear resistance and rigidity, the weight of the nozzle for lubricant application will increase, so the ability of the rotary motor and the drive system of the nozzle moving device will be suitable for it. Is preferred. In the case of using a magnesium-based alloy from the viewpoint of weight reduction, it can be used in consideration of corrosion resistance to the lubricant.
[0083]
The sliding portion of the needle valve is preferably subjected to a surface treatment in order to increase wear resistance. For example, it is desirable to perform Ni plating.
[0084]
Since the lubricant application device of the present invention is a compact device, it includes a mechanical press such as a link press, a crank press, a screw press, a hydraulic press, and a plastic working method of an aluminum alloy including a working process using a die. Also suitable for.
[0085]
Moreover, since the aluminum alloy which is a raw material used for the forging method of this invention is suitable for plastic working if it is an aluminum alloy, any thing can be used. For example, an Al—Si alloy, an Al—Mg—Si alloy, a JIS6061 alloy, or the like can be used. Moreover, the manufacturing method of a raw material may be any of continuous casting, extrusion, rolling and the like. In the case of an aluminum alloy, a continuously cast round bar is inexpensive and preferable. In an aluminum alloy, a round bar material continuously cast by a gas pressure hot top casting method (for example, SHOTTIC material) has excellent internal soundness, fine crystal grains, and crystal grains obtained by plastic working. This is preferable because the effect of the present invention can be expressed more effectively.
[0086]
Moreover, the metal mold | die of the object of this invention can be used as the metal mold | die for forging which uses not only the metal mold | die for forging which uses an aluminum alloy as a raw material but another metal material as a raw material. As other metal materials, for example, iron, magnesium, alloys containing these as main components, and brass can be cited.
[0087]
【Example】
  Hereinafter, although it demonstrates concretely according to an Example, the scope of the present invention is not limited.
  In the following examples, Examples 1 to 12 and Examples 24 to 25 are shown as reference examples.
  [Lubricant application test]
  (Example 1) FIG. 21 shows a sectional view of a lower mold of a mold subjected to a coating test. The lower mold has an inner diameter of 70 mm, and has a standing wall having a depth of 50 mm and a width of 3 mm. The application state of the forging die was confirmed using the lubricant application nozzle shown in Table 1. The position of the nozzle was 50 mm above the mold. The number of rotations of the nozzle was 180 rpm. The rotation radius of the nozzle was 32 mm. The inner diameter of the inner tube of the nozzle was 1 mm, and the inner diameter of the outer tube was 2.4 mm. The surface of the wall surface of the tube had an average roughness Ra of 5 μm. As the lubricant, an aqueous graphite lubricant (lubricating material: graphite, solvent: water, concentration: 5% by mass) was used. Table 1 shows the lubricant discharge time, discharge amount, pressure, discharge time of compressed air for spraying before applying the lubricant, pressurization time, discharge time of compressed air for spraying only for drying, and pressure. Condition. Under these conditions, the lubricant was applied in a series of a discharge process of only the compressed air for spraying, a process of applying the lubricant, and finally a discharge process of only the compressed air for spraying.
[0088]
The unevenness of the coating state was visually observed using a magnifying glass to determine whether the coating state was good or bad. Table 1 shows the failure rate (number of defects / number of tests) and the main observation results of the coating state when the same coating cycle was repeated 100 times as the number of tests. The lubricant application range on the mold coincided with the compressed air spray range, and the application state of the lubricant was uniform. Also, the dry state was completely dry and free from accumulation. In particular, even in the inner part of the thin standing wall of the mold, a uniform lubricant film state was obtained.
[0089]
[Table 1]

[0090]
(Examples 2 to 12)
A lubricant was applied in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nozzles shown in Table 1 were used under the respective conditions. The results are also shown in Table 1.
[0091]
(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
Application was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conventional nozzle shown in FIG. 17 was attached to the shaft and the conditions shown in Table 1 were used. In the conventional nozzle, the spray outlet and the compressed air outlet are arranged in parallel at a distance of 5 mm, and the center of rotation of the nozzle is on the center line. The results are also shown in Table 1. Since the range of application of the lubricant to the mold did not match the range of sprayed compressed air, the application state of the lubricant was uneven and some unevenness was observed. Also, the dry state was a partly undried lubrication pool. In particular, an undried or non-lubricated state was remarkably observed in the standing wall of the mold.
[0092]
(Comparative Example 3)
Moreover, application | coating was implemented like Example 1 except having operated the operation of spraying of compressed air by manual labor, and application | coating of the lubricant with the spray gun. The results are also shown in Table 1.
[0093]
(Examples 13 to 16)
Two types of lubricant application tests were conducted. The lubricant was applied in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nozzles and conditions shown in Table 2 were used. The nozzle had a triple core structure, the inner diameter of the innermost tube was 1 mm, the inner diameter of the middle tube was 2 mm, and the inner diameter of the outer tube was 5 mm. As the lubricant, an aqueous lubricant (lubricating material: graphite, solvent: water, concentration: 5% by mass) and an oily lubricant (lubricating material: graphite, solvent: mineral oil, concentration: 3% by mass) were used. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0094]
[Table 2]

[0095]
[Forging test]
(Examples 17 to 25, Comparative Examples 11 and 12)
Next, the forging shown in FIG. 20 was performed after applying the lubricant using the above-described coating apparatus using a continuous casting rod of an aluminum alloy (Al—Si alloy) cut to 300 g as a processing material. The product was manufactured by hot forging. Table 3 shows the temperature of the mold, the temperature of the material for processing, and the molding load when forging.
[0096]
The nozzles shown in Table 3 were used from those used in the above-described examples. As the lubricant, combinations shown in Table 3 were used from those used in the above-described Examples. However, the application cycle to the mold is 1 second spraying of “compressed compressed air only” → 0.5 seconds spraying “sprayed oily lubricant” → 1.2 seconds spraying “sprayable water-soluble lubricant” → The spraying of “compressed compressed air only” for 2 seconds was defined as one cycle. When the type of lubricant was oil-based only or water-based only, each step was omitted. Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
[0097]
Table 3 shows the results of determining the occurrence of galling of the forged product, the sagging of the forged product, and the occurrence of undercut when each forging was tested 10,000 times. In the examples of the present invention, both the defects due to the occurrence of galling and the defects due to the occurrence of sagging and thinning were reduced compared to the comparative example. Further, the molding load was also reduced as compared with the comparative example. Since the molding load can be reduced and the life of the mold can be improved, the cost for renewing the mold and the decrease in production efficiency for replacement can be suppressed.
[0098]
[Table 3]

[0099]
【The invention's effect】
Since the lubricant application nozzle of the present invention is a lubricant application nozzle in which the spray compressed air discharge port and the lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically, the lubricant application range and the compressed compressed air used for drying are used. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a uniform and thin coating state of the lubricant, or a dry state of the lubricant with no undried lubricant remaining.
[0100]
The lubricant application nozzle of the present invention is a lubricant application nozzle in which the spray compressed air discharge port is arranged outside the lubricant discharge port, so that the lubricant application range is diffused by the spray compressed air. Therefore, spraying is possible over a wide range, and it is possible to obtain a coated state of the lubricant that is a uniform and thin film, or a dried state of the lubricant without accumulation of undried lubricant.
[0101]
In the lubricant application apparatus according to the present invention, the lubricant application nozzle is a lubricant application nozzle in which the spray compressed air discharge port and the lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically. Since the spraying range of the compressed air used for spraying is almost the same range, it is possible to obtain a coated state of the lubricant that is a uniform and thin film, or a dried state of the lubricant without accumulation of undried lubricant.
[0102]
In the lubricant application device of the present invention, the lubricant application nozzle is a lubricant application nozzle in which the compressed air discharge port for spraying is arranged outside the lubricant discharge port, so that the lubricant application range is Since it diffuses and becomes a wide range, it is possible to obtain a coated state of the lubricant that forms a uniform and thin film over a wide range, or a dry state of the lubricant without accumulation of undried lubricant.
[0103]
In the lubricant application method of the present invention, the lubricant application nozzle in which the compressed air discharge port for spraying and the lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically or the compressed air discharge port for spraying are arranged outside the lubricant discharge port. The lubricant application method is characterized in that the lubricant application nozzle is characterized in that it is sprayed so that it takes almost the same locus to the mold. It is possible to obtain a coated state of the lubricant, which is a thin and non-uniform film, or a dried state of the lubricant without a lubricant pool. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of forging defects such as galling, seizure, chipping and sagging in the forged product, and the moldability is improved, so that stable production can be achieved.
[0104]
According to the forging method of the present invention, in the lubricant application step, the sprayed compressed air discharge port and the lubricant discharge port are arranged concentrically, and the sprayed compressed air discharge port is arranged outside the lubricant discharge port. Since a lubricant application nozzle characterized by being arranged in the above is used, it is possible to obtain a lubricant application state that is a uniform and thin film, or a dry state of a lubricant that does not retain a lubricant. Forging defects such as galling, seizure, chipping, and sagging can be prevented from occurring in the product, and the moldability is improved, so that the production is stable.
[0105]
As a result, a forged product having a complicated shape (for example, an internal combustion engine piston, a wobble plate, a compressor piston, a brake piston, and a compressor swash plate) can be stably produced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lubricant application nozzle as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the discharge port arrangement of the lubricant application nozzle of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross section in the vicinity of a discharge port in a variation of the lubricant application nozzle of FIG.
4 is a diagram of an example in which spiral concave portions are provided on the wall surface of the lubricant application nozzle of FIG. 2; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a schematic view of a cross section of the lubricant application nozzle of FIG. 5;
7 is a schematic view of a cross section near the discharge port of the lubricant application nozzle of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a coating apparatus as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a configuration of a forging device that is an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a discharge port arrangement of a lubricant application nozzle which is another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a conventional nozzle.
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a coating range of a lubricant coating apparatus with a conventional nozzle attached.
FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a rotation trajectory of application and compressed air blowing when using a conventional lubricant application apparatus equipped with a nozzle.
FIG. 20 shows an example of a forged product.
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the lower mold of the mold used in the example.
[Explanation of symbols]
11: Sprayed compressed air supply path, 12: Lubricant supply path, 13: Needle valve, 14: Compressed air for cylinder drive, 15: Spring, 16: Support, 17: Compressed air discharge port for spraying, 18: Lubrication Agent outlet
21: Lubricant discharge port, 22: Compressed air discharge port for spraying
31: Lubricant discharge port, 32: Compressed air discharge port for spraying
41: Spiral concave or convex portion, 42: Lubricant discharge port, 43: Compressed air discharge port for spraying
51: Sprayed compressed air discharge port, 52: Lubricant A discharge port, 53: Lubricant B discharge port
61: Compressed air supply path for spraying, 62: Lubricant A supply path, 63: Lubricant B supply path, 64: Needle valve, 65: Needle valve, 66: Compressed air supply path for cylinder driving, 67: For cylinder driving Compressed air supply path, 68: spring, 69: spring
71: Compressed air discharge port for spraying, 72: Discharge port for lubricant A, 73: Discharge port for lubricant B
81: Nozzle for lubricant application, 82: Nozzle rotating device, 83: Nozzle moving device, 84: Lubricant storage tank, 85: Compressed gas supply device, 86: Channel switch, 87: Control of channel switch opening / closing Device: 88: Propeller shaft, 89: Compressed gas piping, 810: Lubricant piping, 811: Compressed air piping for cylinder drive, 812: Compressed air piping for spraying, 813: Pressure regulator
91: Pressing device, 92: Upper receiving plate, 93: Upper die, 94: Lower die, 95: Lower receiving plate, 96: Nozzle for lubricant application, 97: Shaft, 98: Nozzle rotating device, 99: Nozzle moving device
101: discharge port for lubricant A, 102: discharge port for lubricant B, 103: compressed air discharge port for spraying
111: Discharge port for lubricant A, 112: Compressed air discharge port for spraying, 113: Discharge port for lubricant B
121: Sprayed compressed air discharge port, 122: Lubricant A discharge port, 123: Lubricant B discharge port
131: Compressed air discharge port for spraying, 132: Discharge port for lubricant A, 133: Discharge port for lubricant B
141: Compressed air outlet for spraying, 142: Lubricant outlet
151: Sprayed compressed air outlet, 152: Lubricant A outlet, 153: Lubricant B outlet
161: Compressed air outlet for spraying 162: Lubricant outlet
171: Nozzle for lubricant, 172: Nozzle for compressed air, 173: Lubricant supply path, 174: Compressed air supply path for spraying
181: Compressed air outlet for spraying, 182: Lubricant outlet, 183: Lubricant application range, 184: Compressed air spraying range for drying, 185: Mold
191: Compressed air outlet for spraying, 192: Lubricant outlet, 193: Trajectory of rotation of lubricant application, 194: Trajectory of rotation of compressed air spray, 195: Deviation of rotation center, 196: Rotation of lubricant application Center, 197: Rotation center of compressed air blowing, 198: Nozzle rotation locus
201: rib part, 202: skirt part, 203: head surface, 204: pin boss part, 205: valve recess

Claims (18)

A lubricant application nozzle used to apply a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, wherein the nozzle has a discharge port 53 for the lubricant B at the center and a discharge port 52 for the lubricant A around the nozzle. A nozzle for applying a lubricant, comprising a compressed air discharge port 51 for spraying therearound, a total of three of these discharge ports, and a concentric arrangement thereof A lubricant application nozzle used to apply a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, the nozzle having a compressed air outlet 103 for spraying at the center and an outlet 102 for the lubricant B around the nozzle, A lubricant application nozzle comprising a discharge port 101 for the lubricant A around it, a total of three of these discharge ports, and a concentric arrangement of them. A lubricant application nozzle used to apply a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, the nozzle having a discharge port 113 for the lubricant B at the center and a compressed air discharge port 112 for spraying around the nozzle, A lubricant application nozzle comprising a discharge port 111 for the lubricant A around it, a total of three of these discharge ports, and a concentric arrangement of them.   The lubricant application nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricant discharge port is disposed inside the sprayed compressed air discharge port.   5. The lubricant application nozzle according to claim 1, a nozzle rotating device, a nozzle moving device, a lubricant storage tank, a compressed gas supply device, a channel switch, and a channel A device for applying a lubricant to a mold used for forging an aluminum alloy, including a control device for a switch.   The lubricant application device according to claim 5, wherein the nozzle moving device has a mechanism for moving forward and backward by an air cylinder.   The lubricant application device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the nozzle rotating device has a mechanism for rotating the nozzle on the mold central axis.   The lubricant application device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the lubricant storage tank is pressurized by compressed gas and has a mechanism for supplying the lubricant to the nozzle by the applied pressure. .   The lubrication according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the control device is a control device that supplies only the compressed air for spraying, only the spray-like lubricant, and only the compressed air for spraying to the nozzle for a certain period of time. Agent applicator.   The lubricant application device according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein two or more kinds of lubricants are sequentially supplied in supplying the lubricant. In a lubricant application method of spraying a spray lubricant onto a forging die in forging of an aluminum alloy, a nozzle used for spraying includes a compressed air discharge port for spraying and a lubricant discharge port, and the total of these discharge ports is 3 to 3. 10 and these are arranged concentrically, and using the lubricant application nozzle, spray lubricant is sprayed in the order of oil-based lubricant and water-based lubricant. Agent coating method.   The lubricant application method according to claim 11, wherein the lubricant application nozzle is the lubricant application nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   13. The method of applying a lubricant according to claim 11 or 12, wherein only the compressed air for spraying or the spray-like lubricant is sprayed on the mold so as to have substantially the same locus.   Spraying compressed air alone or sprayed lubricant is sprayed on the mold so as to have substantially the same trajectory using the lubricant application device according to any one of claims 5 to 10. Lubricant application method.   The method of applying a lubricant according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein only the compressed air for spraying, the spray-like lubricant, and only the compressed air for spraying are sprayed in this order.   16. The method for applying a lubricant according to claim 15, wherein only the compressed air for spraying is sprayed between the oil-based lubricant and the aqueous lubricant.   11. A forging device including a press device, a forging die, and a lubricant applying device, wherein the lubricant applying device is the lubricant applying device according to any one of claims 5 to 10. Forging equipment.   17. A method for manufacturing a forged product including a step of applying a lubricant to a die, a step of drying a lubricant of the die, a forging step, and a step of discharging a product from the die. A method for producing a forged product, comprising using the lubricant application method according to any one of the above.

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