JP4817258B2 - Lens driving device and camera-equipped mobile phone - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lens driving device for driving a lens in the direction of an optical axis and a camera-equipped mobile phone equipped with the lens driving device.

  In Patent Document 1, a resin front frame and a resin rear frame are joined to form a housing, and a yoke, a magnet, a coil body, a lens support, and a spring are arranged in the housing. It is disclosed. In Patent Document 1, a front frame and a rear frame are joined to each other at the outer periphery of a yoke to form a resin casing, and the yoke is housed in the resin casing.

JP 2006-330227 A

  However, since the front frame and the rear frame forming the housing are made of resin, they are easily deformed or damaged by an external impact such as dropping, and if the housing is deformed or damaged, springs or There is a problem in that the function of the components housed in the housing is impaired due to the yoke being displaced or distorted.

  Further, since the front frame and the rear frame are joined on the outer periphery of the yoke, a predetermined external dimension is required and there is a limit to downsizing.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a lens driving device that is excellent in impact resistance and can be downsized.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a cylindrical lens support for holding a lens, a coil body fixed to the outer periphery of the lens support, a cylindrical yoke disposed on the outer periphery of the coil body, and an inner periphery of the yoke A magnet portion fixed to the coil body with a gap therebetween, a front frame provided at one end of the cylindrical yoke, a resin rear frame provided at the other end of the cylindrical yoke, One end is fixed to the yoke and the other end is fixed to the lens support, and the lens support is supported with respect to the yoke so as to be movable in the optical axis direction of the lens. A lens driving device for driving the body in the direction of the optical axis of the lens, wherein the front frame is fixed only to one end of the yoke and the rear frame is fixed only to the other end of the yoke, and the outer peripheral surface of the yoke is Front frame and rear frame And wherein the exposed throughout the circumferential direction between the arm.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the lens driving device according to the first aspect, the front spring and the front spacer are provided between the yoke and the front frame, and the rear spring and the rear frame are provided between the yoke and the rear frame. The yoke has a front side locking portion protruding from one end and a rear side locking portion protruding from the other end, and the front locking portion engages the front spacer, the front spring and the front frame. The rear spacer and the rear frame are locked to the rear locking portion.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the yoke is formed in a rectangular tube shape by bending a single metal plate in the circumferential direction, and a magnet portion is formed at the corner portion of the rectangular tube. The plate material that is arranged and that forms the yoke is characterized in that both ends in the circumferential direction are located at corners.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the yoke is formed in a rectangular tube shape by bending a single metal plate in the circumferential direction, and a magnet portion is formed at a corner portion of the rectangular tube. It is arranged, and the plate material forming the yoke is characterized in that both ends in the circumferential direction are located on the side surfaces and both ends are joined.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the magnet portion is polarized in the radial direction to the N pole and the S pole and includes different magnetic poles in the optical axis direction of the lens, A plurality of magnetic poles are provided corresponding to the magnetic poles in the optical axis direction of the magnet portion, and currents in opposite directions flow through adjacent coil bodies.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the front spacer is an annular airtight material, and the outer peripheral end of the front spacer is airtightly held between the front frame and the yoke, When the inner peripheral end of the front spacer is located close to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support or the coil, when mounted on a sensor holder to which an image sensor provided on the substrate and a sensor filter for protecting the image sensor are mounted, A high-sealing buffer space is formed by the sensor filter, sensor holder, rear frame, lens, lens support, yoke, and front spacer.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, there is provided an airtight spacer made of an annular airtight material between the rear spacer and the yoke, and the outer peripheral side end of the airtight spacer is connected to the rear spacer. The airtight spacer is held between the yoke and the inner peripheral end of the airtight spacer is located close to the lens support or the outer peripheral surface of the coil, and an image sensor and a sensor filter for protecting the image sensor are attached. When mounted on the sensor holder, the sensor filter, the sensor holder, the lens, the lens support, the rear frame, the rear spacer, and the airtight spacer form a highly sealed buffer space.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the front frame is provided with a lens filter covering the inner periphery, the front spacer is an annular confidential material, and the outer peripheral end of the front spacer. Is held airtight between the front frame and the yoke, and the inner peripheral end of the front spacer is located close to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support or coil, and the lens filter, front frame, front spacer The lens, the lens support, and the front spacer form a highly sealed buffer space.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a camera-equipped mobile phone in which the lens driving device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is mounted on a substrate including an image sensor.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the yoke made of metal is used as a skeleton of the lens driving device and the outer peripheral surface of the yoke is exposed, the external force received by an impact such as dropping is received by the metal yoke. It has excellent impact resistance.

  The front frame and the rear frame are each fixed only to the end face of the yoke, and it is not necessary to provide a joint on the outer periphery of the yoke as in the prior art, so that the outer diameter of the device can be reduced accordingly.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the same effect as the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, and the spring and the spacer can be locked to the front locking portion and the rear locking portion provided on the yoke. The parts can be easily positioned and assembled by the locking part.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the first aspect of the invention can be achieved, and the yoke is easily manufactured because the single plate is formed into a cylindrical shape by bending. In addition, since the joints (both ends in the circumferential direction) of the single plate are at positions where the magnet parts are disposed, the joints of the yokes can be held by the magnetic force of the magnet parts. In addition, it is possible to prevent dust and unnecessary light from entering from the joint of the single plate.

  In addition, by arranging the magnet part at the corner of the square cylindrical yoke, the dead space of the corner can be used when the cylindrical lens support is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the yoke, and it is compact. It can be configured.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, the same effect as that of the invention described in claim 1 can be obtained, and when the seam of the single plate is arranged on the side surface of the square tube, the portion without the magnet is used. Since it is possible to join, even when the yoke is deformed and thinned when joining by pressing or caulking, a decrease in magnetic force can be prevented.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the first aspect of the invention can be obtained, and a plurality of coil bodies are provided in the optical axis direction (front-rear direction), and the magnetic poles having different magnet portions are provided on the optical axis. By arranging in the direction, a resultant force generated by a plurality of magnets and coils can be applied, so that a high driving force can be obtained with a compact configuration.

  According to the invention described in any one of claims 6 to 8, the same effect as that of the invention described in claim 2 can be obtained, and one side in the moving direction of the lens support (the rear side in claim 6). And the periphery of the lens support, the rear side of the lens support in claim 7, and the front side of the lens support in claim 8), a shock-absorbing space is formed. In addition, excessive movement of the lens support can be suppressed by the damper action of the buffer space. Further, even when the lens support stops moving, the vibration due to the spring can be suppressed to shorten the convergence time of the spring vibration. In addition, it is possible to narrow the entry path of external dust and unnecessary light.

  According to the invention described in claim 9, it is possible to provide a camera-equipped mobile phone that exhibits the operational effects described in any one of claims 1-8.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lens driving device according to a first embodiment attached to a substrate, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the lens driving device according to the first embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion A shown in FIG. 1 in order to explain the operation of the lens driving device according to one embodiment. In FIG. 2, the lens 3 shown in FIG. 1 is omitted.

  The lens driving device 1 according to the first embodiment is a lens driving device for an autofocus small camera incorporated in a mobile phone.

  The lens driving device 1 includes a lens support 5 that holds a lens 3 (see FIG. 1), coil bodies 7a and 7b, four magnet sections 9 each including two magnets 9a and 9b, and a yoke 11. A front side (light receiving side) spring 13, a rear side (image forming side) spring 14, a front side spacer 20, and a rear side spacer 21. A front frame 15 made of resin is provided at the front end of the yoke 11, and a rear frame (base) 17 made of resin is provided at the rear end.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the lens driving device 1 is attached to a substrate 29 on which an image sensor 27 is mounted. The rear frame 17 is fixed to a sensor holder 31 fixed to the substrate 29 and attached to the substrate 29. Yes.

  The lens support 5 has a cylindrical shape, holds the lens 3 on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and coil bodies 7a and 7b are fixed on the outer peripheral surface.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the yoke 11 has a rectangular tube shape, and a plurality of front locking portions 11a projecting forward are formed at the front end, and the rear end is rearward. A plurality of rear side locking portions 11b protruding toward the surface are formed. A front frame 15 is locked to the front locking portion 11a, and a rear frame 17 is locked to the rear locking portion 11b. The yoke 11 may be formed in a square cylinder shape by a molding die, or may be formed by bending a single plate at four corners and joining seams.

  In addition to the locking portion 15e of the front frame 15, the locked portion 13e of the front spring 13 and the locked portion 20e of the front spacer 20 are locked to the front locking portion 11a. In addition to the locking portion 17e of the rear frame, the locking portion 21e of the rear spacer 21 is locked to the rear locking portion 11b.

  A magnet portion 9 is fixed to each corner portion 12 on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 11. Each magnet unit 9 is composed of two magnets 9a and 9b, and the front magnet 9a and the rear magnet 9b are fixed side by side in the optical axis direction. Each of the magnets 9a and 9b has an inner peripheral side surface formed in an arcuate shape, and the outer peripheral side surface is a square surface along the corner shape of the yoke 11. The closer to the corner portion 12 of the yoke 11, the magnet 9a, The thickness in the radial direction 9b is increased.

  The yoke 11 exposes the entire outer peripheral surface, and the yoke 11 also serves as a housing of the lens driving device 1 and forms a skeleton of the lens driving device 1. The yoke 11 is made of a metal having magnetism.

  The front magnet 9a and the rear magnet 9b are magnetized on different magnetic poles on the radially outer side and the inner side of the lens support, respectively. For example, as shown in FIG. The peripheral side is an S pole, the outer peripheral side is an N pole, and the rear magnet 9b is magnetized with an N pole on the inner peripheral side and an S pole on the outer peripheral side.

  The coil bodies 7 a and 7 b are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support 5 and move together with the lens support 5.

  The two coil bodies 7 a and 7 b are a front coil body 7 a and a rear coil body 7 b, and are arranged side by side in the optical axis direction of the lens 3. The front coil body 7a and the rear coil body 7b have the same coil wire winding direction, and the coil wires are connected in series so that current flows in the opposite direction to the two coil bodies 7a and 7b. Connected. A coil spacer 19 is disposed between the front coil body 7a and the rear coil body 7b, and an interval is provided between the two coil bodies 7a and 7b.

  A front spring 13 is attached to the front end of the lens support 5, and a rear spring 14 is attached to the rear end, and the lens support 5 is moved back and forth (in the optical axis direction) with respect to the yoke 11. Is held movable.

  The front spring 13 and the rear spring 14 are annular leaf springs (see FIG. 2), and as shown in FIG. 1, the inner peripheral end 13a of the front spring 13 is fixed to the lens support 5 and The side end 13b is sandwiched and fixed between the yoke 11 and the front frame 15 (between the front spacer 22 and the front frame 15 in the present embodiment). An inner peripheral end 14 a of the rear spring 14 is fixed to the lens support 5, and an outer peripheral end 14 b is fixed to the base 17 by being pressed by an insulating rear spacer 21 from the front side. The rear spacer 21 insulates between the rear spring 14 and the yoke 11.

  Although the rear spring 14 is an annular leaf spring as a whole, in the present embodiment, the rear spring 14 is composed of one side portion 30 and the other side portion 32 divided into left and right. A terminal 33 is formed on one side 30 constituting the rear spring 14, and a terminal 35 is formed on the other side 32, and each terminal 33, 35 is connected to a power supply terminal (not shown). It has become so. The one side portion 30 is electrically connected to the coil body 7a, and the other side end 32 is electrically connected to the coil body 7b by soldering or the like, so that the coil bodies 7a and 7b are sequentially energized from the rear spring 14. It has become.

  The front spring 13 and the rear spring 14 are flat in a natural state before assembly (a state before the frame 15 is assembled) (see FIG. 2), but at least the front spring 13 is not illustrated after the assembly. As shown in FIG. 1, the inner peripheral side portion 13a is attached in an elastically deformed state so as to be positioned in front of the outer peripheral side portion 13b. As a result, the inner peripheral side portion 13a constantly urges the lens support 5 with the urging force directed toward the base 17 by the restoring force (urging force) of the spring.

  The front spacer 20 is an annular airtight material, and the outer peripheral side end 20a of the front spacer 20 is kept airtight between the front frame 15 and the yoke 11 (between the front spring 13 and the yoke 11 in this embodiment). The inner peripheral end 20b of the front spacer 20 is located on the inner peripheral side of the magnet portion 9 and close to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support 5, and the inner peripheral end and the lens support 5 are located. The gap between the two is, for example, about 0.1 mm. By providing the front spacer 20 as described above, the sensor filter 30, the sensor holder 31, the rear frame 17, when mounted on the sensor holder 31 provided with the image sensor 27 and the sensor filter 30 that protects the image sensor 27, A space surrounded by the rear spacer 21, the lens 3, the lens support 5, the yoke 11, and the front spacer 20, that is, a buffer space 34 with high hermeticity is provided on the rear side of the lens support 5 and the outer periphery of the lens support 5. Form.

  Next, operations and effects of the lens driving device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, in the magnet unit 9, in the magnets 9a and 9b provided along the optical axis direction, a magnetic field is generated by the magnetic force lines T from the N pole to the S pole on the side facing the coil bodies 7a and 7b. Therefore, when currents in different directions flow through the front coil body 7a facing the south pole of the front magnet 9a and the rear coil body 7b facing the north pole of the rear magnet 9b, the optical axis of the lens 3 An electromagnetic force (thrust) in the same direction acts on the X direction (see FIG. 1), and the lens support 5 is driven in one direction by a plurality of thrusts. The lens support 5 stops when the driving force of the lens support 5 and the urging force of the front spring 13 and the rear spring 14 are balanced.

  In the present embodiment, the metallic yoke 11 is used as the skeleton of the lens driving device 1 and the outer periphery of the lens driving device 1 is exposed so that an impact (external force) due to dropping or the like is caused by the metallic yoke 11. It can be received and has excellent impact resistance.

  The front frame 15 and the rear frame 17 are not connected on the outer peripheral side of the yoke 11, and it is not necessary to provide a connection portion outside the yoke 11, so that the outer diameter of the lens driving device 1 can be reduced.

  In addition to the front frame 15, the front spring 13 and the front spacer 20 are locked to the front locking portion 11a provided on the yoke 11, so that these components can be positioned and attached by the front locking portion 11a and are easy to assemble. Similarly, since the rear spacer 21 is locked to the rear locking portion 11b provided on the yoke 11 in addition to the rear frame 17, these components can be positioned and attached by the rear locking portion 11b and can be easily assembled.

  Since the yoke 11 is formed in a simple cylindrical shape, it is easy to manufacture. By arranging the magnet portion 9 at the corner of the rectangular cylindrical yoke 11, the dead space of the corner 12 of the yoke 11 is used when the cylindrical lens support 5 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the yoke 11. And a compact configuration can be obtained.

  Since the yoke 11 is disposed only on the outer peripheral side of the magnet portion 9, the structure is simpler than when a conventional yoke is formed in a U-shaped cross section and disposed on both the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the magnet portion. In addition, the size in the radial direction can be reduced, and the lens driving device can be reduced in size.

  Since the yoke 11 is arranged only on the outer peripheral side of the magnet part 9, the magnetic field strength acting on one coil body 7a, 7b is smaller than when the magnet part 9 is sandwiched (enclosed) by the yoke, Since the lens support 5 is driven by the resultant force acting on the plurality of coil bodies 7a and 7b, sufficient thrust can be obtained.

  Since the buffer space 34 with high hermeticity is formed on one side in the moving direction of the lens support 5, when an impact due to dropping or the like acts, the damper of the buffer space 34 acts as an air damper. Excessive movement can be suppressed. Further, even when the lens support 5 stops moving, the vibration due to the springs 13 and 14 can be suppressed, and the convergence time of the vibration can be shortened.

  By arranging the magnet portion 9 at the corner portion 12 of the rectangular tube-shaped yoke 11, the magnets 9 a and 9 b do not have to be disposed on the inner side surface 10 of the rectangular tube, and the inner side surface 10 of the yoke 11 and the lens support 5 can be omitted. The dimension between can be reduced. Moreover, the thickness of the magnets 9a and 9b in the corner portion 12 can be increased, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet in the corner portion 12 can be increased.

  Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In the embodiments described below, parts having the same operational effects as those of the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description of the portion is omitted, and the following description will mainly describe differences from the first embodiment.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the lens driving device 1 according to the second embodiment, an airtight spacer 21 a made of an annular airtight material is provided between the rear spacer 21 and the yoke 11 in the same manner as the front spacer 20. The airtight spacer 21 a is held airtight with the outer peripheral side end sandwiched between the yoke 11 and the rear spacer 21, the inner peripheral end is located on the inner peripheral side with respect to the magnet portion 9, and the lens support 5 When mounted on the sensor holder 31 provided with the image sensor 27 and the sensor filter 30 that protects the image sensor 27 in proximity to the outer periphery, the sensor filter 30, the sensor holder 31, the rear frame 17, and the rear spacer 21 are mounted. The airtight spacer 21a, the lens support 5 and the lens 3 form a highly sealed buffer space 34. The airtight spacer 21a may be integrated with the rear spacer 21.

  According to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, since the buffer space 34 with high hermeticity is formed on the rear side of the lens support 5, when an impact due to dropping or the like is applied. Can suppress the excessive movement of the lens support 5 by the air damper action of the buffer space 34. Further, even when the lens support 5 stops moving, vibrations caused by the springs 13 and 14 can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to narrow the entry path of external dust and unnecessary light.

  FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, a buffer space 34 is formed on the rear side of the lens 3 as in the first embodiment, and a lens filter 36 is provided in an airtight manner on the front frame 15. A buffer space 34 is provided in the space on the front side of the lens surrounded by the frame 15, the front spacer 20, the lens support 5 and the lens 3.

  According to the third embodiment, since the buffer spaces 34 are provided before and after the lens support 5, the air damper effect can be further enhanced, and impact and vibration can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the yoke 11 is formed by bending a single metal plate and arranging the end 11c and 11d of the plate in the circumferential direction at the corner of the rectangular tube, and these ends 11c and 11d are not connected. The end portions 11c and 11d may be held by the magnetic force of the magnet portion 9 arranged at the corner portion.

  Further, when the yoke 11 is formed into a cylindrical shape by bending it with a single plate, the circumferential ends 11c and 11d are joined by pressing or caulking, or as shown in FIG. , 11f may be used. In addition, you may provide engagement 11g, 11f in the corner | angular part of a square tube, without providing in the side surface of a square tube.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which attached the lens drive device which concerns on 1st Embodiment to the board | substrate. It is a disassembled perspective view of the lens drive device concerning a 1st embodiment. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a portion A shown in FIG. 1 in order to explain the operation of the lens driving device according to the second embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which attached the lens drive device concerning 2nd Embodiment to the board | substrate. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which attached the lens drive device concerning 3rd Embodiment to the board | substrate. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of a yoke. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of a yoke.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lens drive device 3 Lens 5 Lens support body 7a Front side coil body 7b Rear side coil body 9 Magnet part 9a Front side magnet 9b Rear side magnet 11 Yoke 11a Front side locking part 11b Yoke Rear side locking part 13a Front side spring 13b Rear spring 20 Front spacer 21 Rear spacer 21a Airtight spacer

Claims (9)

A cylindrical lens support that holds the lens, a coil body fixed to the outer periphery of the lens support, a cylindrical yoke disposed on the outer periphery of the coil body, and a coil body fixed to the inner periphery of the yoke A magnet part that is located facing the gap, a front frame provided at one end of the cylindrical yoke, a resin rear frame provided at the other end of the cylindrical yoke, and one end with the yoke and the other end with the lens support And a spring that is fixed to the body and supports the lens support so as to be movable in the optical axis direction of the lens with respect to the yoke. The lens support is driven in the optical axis direction of the lens by electromagnetic force generated by supplying power to the coil body. A lens driving device,
The front frame is fixed only to one end of the yoke and the rear frame is fixed only to the other end of the yoke, and the outer peripheral surface of the yoke is exposed over the entire circumferential direction between the front frame and the rear frame. A lens driving device characterized by that.   A front spring and a front spacer are provided between the yoke and the front frame, and a rear spring and a rear spacer are provided between the yoke and the rear frame. A rear locking portion projecting from the end, and a front spacer, a front spring and a front frame are locked to the front locking portion, and a rear spacer and a rear frame are locked to the rear locking portion. The lens driving device according to claim 1, wherein:   The yoke is formed in a square tube by bending a single metal plate in the circumferential direction, and magnet portions are arranged at the corners of the square tube, and both ends in the circumferential direction of the plate forming the yoke are corners. The lens driving device according to claim 1, wherein the lens driving device is located at a position.   The yoke is formed in the shape of a square tube by bending a single metal plate in the circumferential direction, and magnet portions are arranged at the corners of the square tube, and both ends of the plate forming the yoke are on the sides. The lens driving device according to claim 1, wherein the lens driving device is positioned and joined at both ends.   The magnet portion is polarized in the radial direction to the N pole and the S pole and includes different magnetic poles in the optical axis direction of the lens, and a plurality of coil bodies are provided corresponding to the magnetic poles in the optical axis direction of the magnet portion, The lens driving device according to claim 1, wherein currents in opposite directions flow through adjacent coil bodies.   The front spacer is an annular airtight material, and the outer peripheral end of the front spacer is held airtight between the front frame and the yoke, and the inner peripheral end of the front spacer is close to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support or coil. The sensor filter, sensor holder, rear frame, lens, lens support, when mounted on the sensor holder to which the image sensor provided on the substrate and the sensor filter for protecting the image sensor are mounted. 3. The lens driving device according to claim 2, wherein a buffer space having a high sealing property is formed by the yoke and the front spacer.   There is an airtight spacer made of an annular airtight material between the rear spacer and the yoke, and the outer peripheral side end of the airtight spacer is kept airtight between the rear spacer and the yoke, and the inner peripheral side of the airtight spacer The end is located close to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support or coil, and when attached to the sensor holder to which the sensor filter for protecting the image sensor and the image sensor is attached, the sensor filter, the sensor holder, the lens, 3. The lens driving device according to claim 2, wherein the lens support, the rear frame, the rear spacer, and the airtight spacer form a highly sealed buffer space.   The front frame has a lens filter that covers the inner periphery, the front spacer is an annular security material, and the outer end of the front spacer is airtightly held between the front frame and the yoke. The inner peripheral side end of the lens is located close to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support or coil, and a buffer space with high hermeticity is formed by the lens filter, the front frame, the front spacer, the lens, the lens support and the front spacer. The lens driving device according to claim 2, wherein the lens driving device is formed.   A camera-equipped mobile phone comprising the lens driving device according to claim 1 mounted on a substrate including an image sensor.

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