JP4814550B2 - Method for producing thermally conductive molded body - Google Patents
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- JP4814550B2 JP4814550B2 JP2005164501A JP2005164501A JP4814550B2 JP 4814550 B2 JP4814550 B2 JP 4814550B2 JP 2005164501 A JP2005164501 A JP 2005164501A JP 2005164501 A JP2005164501 A JP 2005164501A JP 4814550 B2 JP4814550 B2 JP 4814550B2
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- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明は、発熱体と放熱体との間に介在して用いられ、発熱体から放熱体への熱伝導を促進する熱伝導性成形体の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a thermally conductive molded body that is used between a heat generating body and a heat radiating body and promotes heat conduction from the heat generating body to the heat radiating body.
近年、コンピュータのＣＰＵ（中央処理装置）を代表とする電子部品の高性能化に伴い、電子部品の消費電力及び発熱量は増大している。電子部品の処理能力は熱により低下する。よって、電子部品の性能を維持するために電子部品の蓄熱を回避する必要があり、電子部品の冷却が重要な課題となっている。そのため、発熱体である電子部品と、放熱体との間に介在して用いられる熱伝導性成形体には、優れた熱伝導性能が求められている。 In recent years, power consumption and heat generation of electronic components have increased with the improvement in performance of electronic components typified by computer CPUs (central processing units). The processing capacity of electronic components is reduced by heat. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid heat storage of the electronic component in order to maintain the performance of the electronic component, and cooling of the electronic component is an important issue. Therefore, the heat conductive molded object used by interposing between the electronic component which is a heat generating body, and a heat radiator is calculated | required the outstanding heat conductive performance.
特許文献１には、繊維長が１０ｍｍ以下に設定された熱伝導性繊維を含有する組成物からなる熱伝導性成形体が開示されている。特許文献２には、耐熱性高分子マトリックスと、熱伝導性繊維とを含有する組成物からなる熱伝導性成形体が開示されている。これらの熱伝導性成形体では、熱伝導性繊維を熱伝導の方向に沿って配向させることにより、熱伝導性能を高めている。 Patent Document 1 discloses a thermally conductive molded body made of a composition containing thermally conductive fibers whose fiber length is set to 10 mm or less. Patent Document 2 discloses a heat conductive molded body made of a composition containing a heat resistant polymer matrix and heat conductive fibers. In these thermally conductive molded bodies, the thermally conductive performance is enhanced by orienting the thermally conductive fibers along the direction of thermal conduction.
特許文献３には、バインダーと、炭素繊維とを含有する組成物からなる熱伝導性シートが開示されている。炭素繊維は、熱伝導性シートの厚さ方向に配向されている。更に、熱伝導性シートの外面には、炭素繊維の端部が露出している。この熱伝導性シートは、発熱体及び放熱体に挟持される際に露出した炭素繊維が発熱体及び放熱体に接触することにより、熱伝導性能を高めている。
ところが、特許文献１及び２に記載の熱伝導性成形体には、その粘着性が高いことから、運搬時等の取扱い性（ハンドリング性）が低いという問題があった。熱伝導性成形体の粘着性は、熱伝導性成形体の硬度が低いほど高い。そのため、前記問題を解決する方法として、例えば硬度が高い層を熱伝導性成形体の外面に設けることによって、熱伝導性成形体の粘着性を低下させる方法が挙げられる。しかしながら、この方法では、熱伝導性成形体の硬度が高いことから、熱伝導成形体の熱伝導性能が低下し、更に熱伝導性成形体が発熱体及び放熱体に挟持される際に、熱伝導性成形体と、発熱体及び放熱体との密着性を高めるために、外方から大きな荷重を加える必要がある。そのため、この大きな荷重によって発熱体に不具合が生じるおそれがあるという問題もあった。 However, the thermally conductive molded articles described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that handling properties (handling properties) during transportation are low because of their high adhesiveness. The adhesiveness of the thermally conductive molded body is higher as the hardness of the thermally conductive molded body is lower. Therefore, as a method for solving the above problem, for example, there is a method of reducing the adhesiveness of the heat conductive molded body by providing a layer having high hardness on the outer surface of the heat conductive molded body. However, in this method, since the heat conductive molded body has a high hardness, the heat conductive performance of the heat conductive molded body is lowered, and further, when the heat conductive molded body is sandwiched between the heat generating body and the heat radiating body, In order to improve the adhesion between the conductive molded body, the heating element and the heat radiating body, it is necessary to apply a large load from outside. Therefore, there also exists a problem that there exists a possibility that a malfunction may arise in a heat generating body by this big load.
一方、特許文献３に記載の熱伝導性シートでは、その熱伝導性シートと、発熱体及び放熱体との間に、露出した炭素繊維に起因して間隙が形成される。そのため、熱伝導性シートの接触熱抵抗値が高くなって熱伝導性シートの熱伝導性能が低下するという問題があった。 On the other hand, in the heat conductive sheet described in Patent Document 3, a gap is formed between the heat conductive sheet, the heating element, and the heat dissipation element due to the exposed carbon fibers. Therefore, there has been a problem that the contact thermal resistance value of the heat conductive sheet becomes high and the heat conduction performance of the heat conductive sheet is lowered.
本発明は、このような従来技術に存在する問題点に着目してなされたものである。その目的とするところは、熱伝導性能に優れるとともに、ハンドリング性を高めることが容易な熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a heat conductive molded body that is excellent in heat conduction performance and easy to improve handling properties.
上記の目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、発熱体と放熱体との間に介在して用いられ、高分子マトリックスと、熱伝導性充填材とを含有する熱伝導性高分子組成物から成形される熱伝導性成形体の製造方法であって、前記熱伝導性充填材は、一定方向に配向された繊維状充填材を含み、前記熱伝導性成形体において、前記配向の方向と交差する外面は、前記繊維状充填材を露出させた面であり、前記熱伝導性成形体はその使用時に、前記外面が発熱体及び放熱体の少なくとも一方に接触するように、発熱体と放熱体との間に介在され、前記露出された繊維状充填材の端部が、前記発熱体と放熱体との間で前記熱伝導性成形体内に没入する構成であり、前記製造方法は、前記熱伝導性高分子組成物を調製する調製工程と、前記繊維状充填材を一定方向に配向させる配向工程と、前記繊維状充填材の配向を維持した状態で前記高分子マトリックスを硬化又は固化してなる成形体を成形する成形工程と、前記高分子マトリックスを除去することで前記繊維状充填材を前記外面上に露出させる露出工程とを備えている熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。 In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is used by being interposed between a heating element and a heat radiating element, and includes a polymer matrix and a heat conductive filler. A method for producing a thermally conductive molded body molded from a polymer composition , wherein the thermally conductive filler includes a fibrous filler oriented in a certain direction, and in the thermally conductive molded body, The outer surface intersecting the direction of orientation is a surface exposing the fibrous filler, and when the thermal conductive molded body is used, the outer surface is in contact with at least one of the heat generating body and the heat radiating body, The manufacturing method is configured such that an end of the exposed fibrous filler is interposed between the heat generating body and the heat radiating body and is immersed in the heat conductive molded body between the heat generating body and the heat radiating body. the method includes the preparation step of preparing the thermally conductive polymer composition, wherein the fiber An orientation step of orienting the fibrous filler in a certain direction, a molding step of molding a molded body obtained by curing or solidifying the polymer matrix while maintaining the orientation of the fibrous filler, and the polymer matrix The manufacturing method of the heat conductive molded object provided with the exposure process which exposes the said fibrous filler on the said outer surface by removing is provided.
請求項２に記載の発明は、前記露出工程は、切断、研磨、及び高分子マトリックスの溶解から選ばれる少なくとも一種により前記成形体の外面を処理する工程である請求項１に記載の熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。
請求項３に記載の発明は、前記露出工程は、剪断刃を用いて前記成形体を切断する工程である請求項２に記載の熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。
請求項４に記載の発明は、前記配向工程は、前記熱伝導性高分子組成物に、磁場発生装置を用いた磁場及び振動装置を用いた振動の両方を印加する工程である請求項１から請求項３のいずれか一項に記載の熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。
請求項５に記載の発明は、前記外面上に露出した繊維状充填材において、前記外面に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材の割合が５０〜１００％に設定されている請求項１から請求項４のいずれか一項に記載の熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。
請求項６に記載の発明は、前記繊維状充填材が、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾールを前駆体とした炭素繊維である請求項１から請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。
請求項７に記載の発明は、前記熱伝導性充填材は、非繊維状充填材を含み、前記熱伝導性充填材の全量に対する前記繊維状充填材の割合は７質量％以上３５質量％未満である請求項１から請求項６のいずれか一項に記載の熱伝導性成形体の製造方法を提供する。
Invention according to claim 2, wherein the exposure step, cutting, polishing, and thermal conductivity according to claim 1, wherein the step of treating the outer surface of the shaped body by at least one selected from the dissolution of the polymer matrix A method for producing a molded body is provided.
Invention of Claim 3 provides the manufacturing method of the heat conductive molded object of Claim 2 whose said exposure process is a process of cut | disconnecting the said molded object using a shearing blade.
The invention according to claim 4, wherein the orientation step is in the thermally conductive polymer composition, claim 1 is a step of applying both vibration using a magnetic field and vibration apparatus using the magnetic field generator The manufacturing method of the heat conductive molded object as described in any one of Claim 3 is provided.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fibrous filler exposed on the outer surface, the ratio of the fibrous filler exposed in a state intersecting with the outer surface is set to 50 to 100%. The manufacturing method of the heat conductive molded object as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 is provided.
The invention according to claim 6 is the thermal conductive molding according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fibrous filler is a carbon fiber having polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole as a precursor. A method for manufacturing a body is provided.
In the invention according to claim 7, the thermally conductive filler includes a non-fibrous filler, and the ratio of the fibrous filler to the total amount of the thermally conductive filler is 7% by mass or more and less than 35% by mass. A method for producing a thermally conductive molded body according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is provided.
本発明によれば、熱伝導性能に優れるとともに、ハンドリング性を高めることが容易な熱伝導性成形体の製造方法が提供される。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being excellent in heat conductive performance, the manufacturing method of the heat conductive molded object which is easy to improve handling property is provided .
以下、本発明を熱伝導性成形体に具体化した一実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本実施形態の熱伝導性成形体（以下、単に成形体という。）は、高分子マトリックスと、熱伝導性充填材とを含有する熱伝導性高分子組成物（以下、単に組成物という。）から成形される。この成形体は発熱体と放熱体との間に介在するようにして用いられ、発熱体から放熱体への熱伝導を促進する。
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a thermally conductive molded body will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The thermally conductive molded body of the present embodiment (hereinafter simply referred to as a molded body) is a thermally conductive polymer composition (hereinafter simply referred to as a composition) containing a polymer matrix and a thermally conductive filler. Molded from. This molded body is used so as to be interposed between the heat generating body and the heat radiating body, and promotes heat conduction from the heat generating body to the heat radiating body.
成形体には、熱伝導性能及びハンドリング性が具備されている。熱伝導性能は発熱体から放熱体への熱伝導のし易さを表す指標であり、成形体の熱伝導率、熱抵抗値及び接触熱抵抗値に起因している。成形体の熱抵抗値は、成形体の熱伝導率が高いほど小さい。成形体の接触熱抵抗値は、成形体と発熱体及び放熱体との密着性が高いほど小さい。成形体と発熱体及び放熱体との密着性は、成形体の粘着性が高いほど高い。成形体は、熱伝導率が高いほど、且つ熱抵抗値及び接触熱抵抗値が小さいほど発熱体から放熱体への熱伝導を促進し、熱伝導性能に優れたものとなる。ハンドリング性は成形体の取扱い易さを表す指標であり、成形体の粘着性に起因している。即ち、成形体のハンドリング性は、成形体の粘着性が低いほど高められる。 The molded body is provided with heat conduction performance and handling properties. The heat conduction performance is an index representing the ease of heat conduction from the heat generating element to the heat radiating element, and is caused by the heat conductivity, heat resistance value and contact heat resistance value of the molded body. The thermal resistance value of the molded body is smaller as the thermal conductivity of the molded body is higher. The contact thermal resistance value of the molded body is smaller as the adhesion between the molded body, the heating element, and the heat radiating body is higher. The higher the adhesiveness of the molded body, the higher the adhesion between the molded body, the heating element and the heat radiating body. As the thermal conductivity is higher and the thermal resistance value and the contact thermal resistance value are smaller, the molded body promotes thermal conduction from the heating element to the heat radiating body, and becomes excellent in thermal conduction performance. The handling property is an index representing the ease of handling of the molded body, and is attributed to the adhesiveness of the molded body. That is, the handleability of the molded body is enhanced as the adhesiveness of the molded body is lower.
高分子マトリックスは、熱伝導性充填材を成形体内に保持する。高分子マトリックスは、成形体に要求される性能、例えば硬度等の機械的強度、耐熱性等の耐久性、又は電気的特性に応じて選択され、高分子マトリックスとして例えば熱可塑性又は熱硬化性の高分子材料が選択される。熱可塑性の高分子材料の具体例としては、熱可塑性樹脂材料及び熱可塑性エラストマーが挙げられる。 The polymer matrix holds the thermally conductive filler in the molded body. The polymer matrix is selected according to the performance required for the molded article, for example, mechanical strength such as hardness, durability such as heat resistance, or electrical characteristics, and the polymer matrix is, for example, thermoplastic or thermosetting. A polymeric material is selected. Specific examples of the thermoplastic polymer material include a thermoplastic resin material and a thermoplastic elastomer.
熱可塑性樹脂材料の具体例としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体等のエチレン−αオレフィン共重合体、ポリメチルペンテン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルアセタール、ポリフッ化ビニリデン及びポリテトラフルオロエチレン等のフッ素系重合体、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリスチレン、ポリアクリロニトリル、スチレン−アクリロニトリル共重合体、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体（ＡＢＳ）樹脂、ポリフェニレン−エーテル共重合体（ＰＰＥ）樹脂、変性ＰＰＥ樹脂、脂肪族ポリアミド類、芳香族ポリアミド類、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリメタクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸メチルエステル等のポリメタクリル酸エステル類、ポリアクリル酸類、ポリカーボネート、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリサルホン、ポリエーテルサルホン、ポリエーテルニトリル、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリケトン、液晶ポリマー、シリコーン樹脂、及びアイオノマーが挙げられる。 Specific examples of thermoplastic resin materials include ethylene, α-olefin copolymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymers, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, and ethylene-vinyl acetate. Fluoropolymers such as copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile Butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) resin, polyphenylene-ether copolymer (PPE) resin, modified PPE resin, aliphatic polyamide, aromatic polyamide, Polymethacrylates such as imide, polyamideimide, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid methyl ester, polyacrylic acids, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyethernitrile, polyetherketone, polyketone, liquid crystal polymer , Silicone resins, and ionomers.
熱可塑性エラストマーの具体例としては、スチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体及びその水添ポリマー、スチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合体及びその水添ポリマー、スチレン系熱可塑性エラストマー、オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー、塩化ビニル系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリエステル系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー、及びポリアミド系熱可塑性エラストマーが挙げられる。 Specific examples of the thermoplastic elastomer include styrene-butadiene block copolymer and hydrogenated polymer thereof, styrene-isoprene block copolymer and hydrogenated polymer thereof, styrene thermoplastic elastomer, olefin thermoplastic elastomer, vinyl chloride Examples thereof include thermoplastic elastomers, polyester-based thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomers, and polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomers.
熱硬化性の高分子材料の具体例としては、架橋ゴム、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、及びジアリルフタレート樹脂が挙げられる。架橋ゴムの具体例としては、天然ゴム、アクリルゴム、ブタジエンゴム、イソプレンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合ゴム、ニトリルゴム、水添ニトリルゴム、クロロプレンゴム、エチレン−プロピレン共重合ゴム、塩素化ポリエチレンゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、ブチルゴム、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム、フッ素ゴム、ウレタンゴム、及びシリコーンゴムが挙げられる。 Specific examples of the thermosetting polymer material include crosslinked rubber, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyimide resin, unsaturated polyester resin, and diallyl phthalate resin. Specific examples of the crosslinked rubber include natural rubber, acrylic rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, Examples include chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, and silicone rubber.
これらの中でも、成形体の耐熱性、発熱体及び放熱体への密着性、発熱体及び放熱体の表面形状への追従性、及び温度変化に対する耐久性が高いことから、シリコーン系の高分子材料が好ましく、低分子量の揮発成分の成形体からの浸み出しが防止されることから、アクリル系の高分子材料が好ましい。更に、高分子マトリックスは、前記各高分子材料から選択される複数の高分子材料からなるポリマーアロイでもよい。高分子マトリックスの常温での粘度は、１，０００ｍＰａ・ｓ以下が好ましく、５００ｍＰａ・ｓ以下がより好ましい。高分子マトリックスの粘度が１，０００ｍＰａ・ｓを超えると、高分子マトリックスの粘度が過剰に高いことから、組成物の調製が困難になるおそれがある。高分子マトリックスの常温での粘度の下限は特に限定されない。常温とは、組成物が通常調製されるときの温度のことであり、例えば２５℃である。 Among these, since the heat resistance of the molded body, the adhesion to the heating element and the radiator, the followability to the surface shape of the heating element and the radiator, and the durability against temperature change are high, the silicone polymer material Acrylic polymer material is preferred because it prevents the low molecular weight volatile component from leaching out of the molded article. Furthermore, the polymer matrix may be a polymer alloy composed of a plurality of polymer materials selected from the above polymer materials. The viscosity of the polymer matrix at normal temperature is preferably 1,000 mPa · s or less, and more preferably 500 mPa · s or less. When the viscosity of the polymer matrix exceeds 1,000 mPa · s, the viscosity of the polymer matrix is excessively high, and thus it may be difficult to prepare the composition. The lower limit of the viscosity of the polymer matrix at room temperature is not particularly limited. The normal temperature is a temperature at which the composition is usually prepared, and is, for example, 25 ° C.
熱伝導性充填材は、成形体の熱伝導率を高めることにより、成形体の熱伝導性能を高める。熱伝導性充填材の形状としては、繊維状、粒子状、板状等が挙げられるが、熱伝導性充填材の少なくとも一部は繊維状に形成されている。繊維状に形成された熱伝導性充填材の具体例、即ち繊維状充填材の具体例としては、炭素繊維、金属繊維、及びガラス繊維が挙げられる。これらは単独で繊維状充填材を構成してもよいし、二種以上が組み合わされて繊維状充填材を構成してもよい。これらの中でも、成形体の熱伝導率が高いことから、炭素繊維が好ましい。 The thermally conductive filler increases the thermal conductivity of the molded body by increasing the thermal conductivity of the molded body. Examples of the shape of the thermally conductive filler include fibrous, particulate, and plate-like shapes, but at least a part of the thermally conductive filler is formed in a fibrous shape. Specific examples of the thermally conductive filler formed in a fibrous form, that is, specific examples of the fibrous filler include carbon fiber, metal fiber, and glass fiber. These may constitute a fibrous filler alone, or two or more may be combined to constitute a fibrous filler. Among these, carbon fiber is preferable because the molded article has high thermal conductivity.
炭素繊維は、溶融紡糸した繊維状ピッチを不融化処理した後、炭素化又は黒鉛化処理することにより製造される。炭素繊維の繊維長は、炭素繊維がその製造中又は製造後に粉砕されることにより、任意に調整される。炭素繊維の粉砕は、例えばハンマーミル、ボールミル、振動ボールミル、ブレードミル、ジェットミル、トルネードミル、又はミルミキサーを用いて行われる。炭素繊維の製造中又は製造後に切断機によって粉砕されることにより得られるチョップドファイバーが上記各装置を用いて更に粉砕されることにより、繊維長分布の幅が狭くて成形体に適した炭素繊維が得られるが、チョップドファイバーのままの炭素繊維が用いられてもよい。 Carbon fiber is produced by infusibilizing a melt-spun fibrous pitch, followed by carbonization or graphitization. The fiber length of the carbon fiber is arbitrarily adjusted by pulverizing the carbon fiber during or after the production. The carbon fiber is pulverized using, for example, a hammer mill, a ball mill, a vibrating ball mill, a blade mill, a jet mill, a tornado mill, or a mill mixer. The chopped fiber obtained by being pulverized by a cutting machine during or after the production of the carbon fiber is further pulverized by using the above-mentioned devices, so that the carbon fiber suitable for the molded body with a narrow fiber length distribution is obtained. Although obtained, carbon fibers as chopped fibers may be used.
繊維状充填材は成形体中で一定方向に配向されており、発熱体からの熱は、繊維状充填材の配向方向に沿って成形体中を伝導される。そのため、繊維状充填材の平均繊維長は、繊維状充填材の配向方向における成形体の厚さ以上であることが好ましい。この場合、成形体の熱伝導率は、熱伝導の方向に沿って繊維状充填材が切れ目なく存在していることから容易に高められる。繊維状充填材の平均繊維長が繊維状充填材の配向方向における成形体の厚さ未満である場合、例えば配向した繊維状充填材同士が重なり合うことにより、成形体の熱伝導の方向に沿って熱伝導性繊維が切れ目なく存在していることが好ましい。 The fibrous filler is oriented in a certain direction in the molded body, and heat from the heating element is conducted in the molded body along the orientation direction of the fibrous filler. Therefore, the average fiber length of the fibrous filler is preferably equal to or greater than the thickness of the molded body in the orientation direction of the fibrous filler. In this case, the thermal conductivity of the molded body can be easily increased because the fibrous filler is present without breaks along the direction of thermal conduction. When the average fiber length of the fibrous filler is less than the thickness of the molded body in the orientation direction of the fibrous filler, for example, the oriented fibrous fillers overlap with each other along the direction of heat conduction of the molded body. It is preferable that the thermally conductive fiber is present without breaks.
繊維状以外の形状の熱伝導性充填材、即ち非繊維状充填材の材質は、成形体の熱伝導率が高いことから、酸化アルミニウム、窒化ホウ素、窒化アルミニウム、炭化ケイ素、及び二酸化ケイ素から選ばれる少なくとも一種が好ましい。非繊維状充填材のうち、粒子状充填材の平均粒径は、熱伝導性充填材における繊維状充填材の割合、及び繊維状充填材の平均繊維長によって適宜設定されるが、０．１〜１００μｍが好ましく、１〜５０μｍがより好ましい。粒子状充填材の平均粒径が０．１μｍ未満の場合、組成物中に含有される熱伝導性充填材の比表面積が過剰に大きくなることから、組成物の粘度が高くなるおそれがある。粒子状充填材の平均粒径が１００μｍを超えると、成形体が薄いシート状に形成される場合、粒子状充填材に起因する凹凸が成形体の外面に形成されて成形体の外面の平坦性が悪化するおそれがある。粒子状充填材の形状は、組成物中での熱伝導性充填材の二次凝集が抑制されることから、球状が好ましい。 The material of the heat conductive filler having a shape other than the fibrous shape, that is, the material of the non-fibrous filler is selected from aluminum oxide, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, and silicon dioxide because the heat conductivity of the molded body is high. At least one of these is preferred. Among the non-fibrous fillers, the average particle diameter of the particulate filler is appropriately set depending on the ratio of the fibrous filler in the thermally conductive filler and the average fiber length of the fibrous filler. -100 micrometers is preferable and 1-50 micrometers is more preferable. When the average particle size of the particulate filler is less than 0.1 μm, the specific surface area of the thermally conductive filler contained in the composition becomes excessively large, which may increase the viscosity of the composition. When the average particle diameter of the particulate filler exceeds 100 μm, when the molded body is formed into a thin sheet, irregularities due to the particulate filler are formed on the outer surface of the molded body, and the flatness of the outer surface of the molded body May get worse. The shape of the particulate filler is preferably spherical because secondary aggregation of the thermally conductive filler in the composition is suppressed.
組成物中の熱伝導性充填材の含有量は、９０質量％以下が好ましい。熱伝導性充填材の含有量が９０質量％を超えると、成形体の形状が例えばシート状である場合、成形体の柔軟性が低いことから、成形体が脆くなるとともに、成形体の発熱体及び放熱体の表面形状への追従性が低下するおそれがある。熱伝導性充填材は繊維状充填材のみによって構成されてもよいが、熱伝導性充填材の全量における繊維状充填材の割合は７質量％以上３５質量％未満が好ましい。 The content of the thermally conductive filler in the composition is preferably 90% by mass or less. When the content of the heat conductive filler exceeds 90% by mass, when the shape of the molded body is, for example, a sheet, the flexibility of the molded body is low, so that the molded body becomes brittle and the heating element of the molded body In addition, the followability to the surface shape of the radiator may be reduced. The thermally conductive filler may be composed of only the fibrous filler, but the ratio of the fibrous filler in the total amount of the thermally conductive filler is preferably 7% by mass or more and less than 35% by mass.
繊維状充填材の割合が７質量％未満の場合、成形体中の繊維状充填材の含有量が過剰に低くなることから、成形体の熱伝導率が低下するおそれがある。繊維状充填材の割合が３５質量％以上の場合、繊維状充填材が導電性を有する際に、例えば繊維状充填材が炭素繊維である際に、成形体の導電性が高くなることから、成形体が導電性を発揮しないことが好ましい場合に成形体を使用することができなくなるおそれがある。そのため、成形体が導電性を有する必要がある場合、熱伝導性充填材は、繊維状充填材、例えば炭素繊維のみで構成されてもよい。組成物は、前記各成分以外にも、例えば成形体の硬度を調整するための可塑剤、及び耐久性を高めるための安定剤を含有してもよい。 When the ratio of the fibrous filler is less than 7% by mass, the content of the fibrous filler in the molded body becomes excessively low, which may reduce the thermal conductivity of the molded body. When the ratio of the fibrous filler is 35% by mass or more, when the fibrous filler has conductivity, for example, when the fibrous filler is carbon fiber, the conductivity of the molded body is increased. When it is preferable that the molded body does not exhibit conductivity, the molded body may not be used. Therefore, when a molded object needs to have electroconductivity, a heat conductive filler may be comprised only with a fibrous filler, for example, carbon fiber. In addition to the above-mentioned components, the composition may contain, for example, a plasticizer for adjusting the hardness of the molded body and a stabilizer for enhancing durability.
図１（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すように、成形体１１は、高分子マトリックス１２と、熱伝導性充填材１３とを備えている。図１に示す成形体１１はシート状に形成され、熱伝導性充填材１３は、繊維状充填材１４と、粒子状充填材１５とを有している。この成形体１１の形状については特に限定されず、立方体状、球状、円柱状、板状、フィルム状、チューブ状等の形状が挙げられる。繊維状充填材１４は成形体１１中で一定方向に配向されている。例えば、図１（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示す成形体１１においては、繊維状充填材１４は成形体１１の厚さ方向に沿って配向されている。そのため、成形体１１において、厚さ方向の熱伝導率の値は、幅方向の熱伝導率の値に数十又は数百を乗じた値と等しい。 As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the molded body 11 includes a polymer matrix 12 and a heat conductive filler 13. The formed body 11 shown in FIG. 1 is formed in a sheet shape, and the thermally conductive filler 13 has a fibrous filler 14 and a particulate filler 15. The shape of the molded body 11 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cubic shape, a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a plate shape, a film shape, and a tube shape. The fibrous filler 14 is oriented in a certain direction in the molded body 11. For example, in the molded body 11 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the fibrous filler 14 is oriented along the thickness direction of the molded body 11. Therefore, in the molded body 11, the value of the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction is equal to the value obtained by multiplying the value of the thermal conductivity in the width direction by several tens or several hundreds.
成形体１１において、繊維状充填材１４の配向方向と交差する外面上には、繊維状充填材１４が露出している。即ち、図１に示す成形体１１における繊維状充填材１４は、成形体１１の幅方向に沿って延びるとともに対向する一対の外面１６上に露出している。図４（ａ）に示すように、成形体１１の外面１６上に露出している繊維状充填材１４において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合は、５０〜１００％が好ましい。図４（ａ）に示す成形体１１において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合は５０％である。 In the molded body 11, the fibrous filler 14 is exposed on the outer surface intersecting with the orientation direction of the fibrous filler 14. That is, the fibrous filler 14 in the molded body 11 shown in FIG. 1 is exposed on a pair of outer surfaces 16 that extend along the width direction of the molded body 11 and face each other. As shown in FIG. 4A, in the fibrous filler 14 exposed on the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11, the ratio of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state intersecting with the outer surface 16 is 50. ~ 100% is preferred. In the molded body 11 shown in FIG. 4A, the proportion of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of intersecting the outer surface 16 is 50%.
外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合が５０％未満の場合、即ち、外面１６と平行に延びた状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合が５０％を超えると、繊維状充填材１４の配向が不十分であることから、繊維状充填材１４の配向方向における成形体１１の熱伝導率が低下するおそれがある。そのため、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合が５０％を超えることにより、繊維状充填材１４の配向方向における成形体１１の熱伝導率は、２０Ｗ／ｍ・ｋ以上を達成することができ、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合が高くなるに伴って、例えば５０Ｗ／ｍ・ｋ以上を達成することができる。 When the proportion of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of crossing the outer surface 16 is less than 50%, that is, the proportion of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of extending parallel to the outer surface 16 is 50%. If the ratio exceeds 1, the orientation of the fibrous filler 14 is insufficient, and the thermal conductivity of the molded body 11 in the orientation direction of the fibrous filler 14 may be reduced. Therefore, when the ratio of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of crossing the outer surface 16 exceeds 50%, the thermal conductivity of the molded body 11 in the orientation direction of the fibrous filler 14 is 20 W / m · k or more can be achieved, and for example, 50 W / m · k or more can be achieved as the proportion of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of intersecting the outer surface 16 increases.
成形体１１の外面１６において、露出した繊維状充填材１４が占める割合は、該外面１６の投影図における面積に換算して例えば５〜１０％である。露出した繊維状充填材１４が占める割合が５％未満の場合、繊維状充填材１４の配向が不十分であることから、繊維状充填材１４の配向方向における成形体１１の熱伝導率が低下するおそれがある。露出した繊維状充填材１４が占める割合が１０％を超えると、成形体１１の熱伝導率を高めることができるものの、成形体１１の柔軟性が低下するおそれがある。 The proportion of the exposed fibrous filler 14 in the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 is, for example, 5 to 10% in terms of the area of the outer surface 16 in the projected view. When the proportion occupied by the exposed fibrous filler 14 is less than 5%, the orientation of the fibrous filler 14 is insufficient, so the thermal conductivity of the molded body 11 in the orientation direction of the fibrous filler 14 is reduced. There is a risk. If the ratio of the exposed fibrous filler 14 exceeds 10%, the thermal conductivity of the molded body 11 can be increased, but the flexibility of the molded body 11 may be reduced.
繊維状充填材１４の露出長、即ち成形体１１の外面１６と、露出した繊維状充填材１４の先端との距離は、５０μｍ以下が好ましい。繊維状充填材１４の露出長が５０μｍを超えると、成形体１１から繊維状充填材１４が脱落するおそれがある。 The exposed length of the fibrous filler 14, that is, the distance between the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 and the exposed tip of the fibrous filler 14 is preferably 50 μm or less. If the exposed length of the fibrous filler 14 exceeds 50 μm, the fibrous filler 14 may drop off from the molded body 11.
成形体１１は、組成物を調製する調製工程と、繊維状充填材１４を一定方向に配向させる配向工程と、成形体１１を成形する成形工程と、繊維状充填材１４を露出させる露出工程とを経て製造される。 The molded body 11 includes a preparation process for preparing a composition, an orientation process for aligning the fibrous filler 14 in a certain direction, a molding process for molding the molded body 11, and an exposing process for exposing the fibrous filler 14. It is manufactured through.
調製工程では、前記各成分が適宜に混合されて組成物が調製される。配向工程では、例えば組成物が金型内に充填された後、繊維状充填材１４が一定方向に配向される。繊維状充填材１４を配向させる方法としては、磁場発生装置を用いて組成物に磁場を印加する方法、及び振動装置を用いて組成物に振動を印加する方法が挙げられるが、繊維状充填材１４が容易に配向されることから、磁場及び振動の両方を組成物に印加する方法が好ましい。このとき、磁場及び振動は、組成物を介して繊維状充填材１４に印加される。 In the preparation step, the components are appropriately mixed to prepare a composition. In the orientation step, for example, after the composition is filled in the mold, the fibrous filler 14 is oriented in a certain direction. Examples of the method for orienting the fibrous filler 14 include a method of applying a magnetic field to the composition using a magnetic field generator and a method of applying vibration to the composition using a vibration device. Since 14 is easily oriented, a method of applying both a magnetic field and vibration to the composition is preferred. At this time, the magnetic field and vibration are applied to the fibrous filler 14 via the composition.
磁場発生装置としては、永久磁石、電磁石、及び超伝導磁石が挙げられるが、長い繊維長を有する繊維状充填材１４が容易に配向されることから、超伝導磁石が好ましい。組成物に印加される磁場の方向は、組成物中の繊維状充填材１４に応じて適宜設定される。例えば、磁場発生装置の一対の磁極が金型を挟んで対向するように配設される。繊維状充填材１４が反磁性体である場合、組成物に磁場が印加されることにより、繊維状充填材１４は、磁場の方向と反対方向に磁化されて磁力線に沿って配向される。また、繊維状充填材１４の結晶構造の結晶方位に依存して繊維状充填材１４の磁化率が異方性を持つ場合、繊維状充填材１４は、磁化率の異方性に従って配向される。 Examples of the magnetic field generator include permanent magnets, electromagnets, and superconducting magnets. Superconducting magnets are preferred because the fibrous filler 14 having a long fiber length is easily oriented. The direction of the magnetic field applied to the composition is appropriately set according to the fibrous filler 14 in the composition. For example, a pair of magnetic poles of the magnetic field generator are arranged so as to face each other with a mold interposed therebetween. When the fibrous filler 14 is a diamagnetic material, a magnetic field is applied to the composition, whereby the fibrous filler 14 is magnetized in the direction opposite to the direction of the magnetic field and oriented along the lines of magnetic force. Further, when the magnetic susceptibility of the fibrous filler 14 has anisotropy depending on the crystal orientation of the crystal structure of the fibrous filler 14, the fibrous filler 14 is oriented according to the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility. .
振動装置としては、超音波振動装置、電磁式振動装置、モータ振動装置、及びエアシリンダを用いた打鍵振動装置が挙げられるが、長い繊維長を有する繊維状充填材１４が容易に配向されることから、エアシリンダを用いた打鍵振動装置が好ましい。組成物中の熱伝導性充填材１３の含有量が高い場合、組成物の粘度は一般に高い。そのため、組成物に印加される振動の周波数は、組成物の固有振動数よりも低いことが好ましく、０．１〜１００Ｈｚがより好ましく、１〜１００Ｈｚが最も好ましい。この場合、組成物の全体に振動が容易に伝わることから、組成物の流動性が促進され、その結果、組成物の見かけ上の粘度が低下する。そのため、組成物中で絡まっている繊維状充填材１４は、容易に解れて配向され易くなる。 Examples of the vibration device include an ultrasonic vibration device, an electromagnetic vibration device, a motor vibration device, and a keystroke vibration device using an air cylinder, and the fibrous filler 14 having a long fiber length is easily oriented. Therefore, a keystroke vibration device using an air cylinder is preferable. When the content of the heat conductive filler 13 in the composition is high, the viscosity of the composition is generally high. Therefore, the frequency of vibration applied to the composition is preferably lower than the natural frequency of the composition, more preferably 0.1 to 100 Hz, and most preferably 1 to 100 Hz. In this case, since vibration is easily transmitted to the entire composition, the fluidity of the composition is promoted, and as a result, the apparent viscosity of the composition is lowered. Therefore, the fibrous filler 14 entangled in the composition can be easily unwound and oriented.
組成物に印加される振動の周波数が過剰に低い場合、組成物に振動を十分に印加するのに時間を要することから、成形体の製造効率が低下するおそれがある。更に、繊維状充填材１４が十分に配向されないおそれがある。組成物に印加する振動の周波数が過剰に高い場合、組成物に加わる振動は微振動となることから、組成物の全体にわたって振動が伝わることが困難となる。更に、組成物に加わる振動の周波数は組成物の固有振動数から大きく離れることから、組成物の見かけ上の粘度は低下しない。そのため、組成物の粘度が高い状態で繊維状充填材１４が配向されることから、繊維状充填材１４の配向が不十分となるおそれがある。よって、組成物に加える振動の周波数を０．１〜１００Ｈｚに設定することにより、好ましくは１〜１００Ｈｚに設定することにより、成形体１１の製造効率を高めるとともに、繊維状充填材１４を十分に配向させることができる。 When the frequency of vibration applied to the composition is excessively low, it takes time to sufficiently apply vibration to the composition, which may reduce the production efficiency of the molded body. Further, the fibrous filler 14 may not be sufficiently oriented. When the frequency of vibration applied to the composition is excessively high, the vibration applied to the composition becomes minute vibration, so that it is difficult to transmit vibration throughout the composition. Furthermore, since the frequency of vibration applied to the composition deviates greatly from the natural frequency of the composition, the apparent viscosity of the composition does not decrease. Therefore, since the fibrous filler 14 is oriented with the composition having a high viscosity, the orientation of the fibrous filler 14 may be insufficient. Therefore, by setting the frequency of vibration applied to the composition to 0.1 to 100 Hz, preferably by setting to 1 to 100 Hz, the manufacturing efficiency of the molded body 11 is increased and the fibrous filler 14 is sufficiently provided. Can be oriented.
組成物に印加される振動の振幅は、０．１〜２０ｍｍが好ましく、１〜２０ｍｍがより好ましい。振動の振幅が０．１ｍｍ未満では、組成物の全体にわたって振動が伝わることが困難となることから、繊維状充填材１４の配向が不十分となるおそれがある。振動の振幅が２０ｍｍを超えると、組成物に振動を十分に印加するのに時間を要することから、成形体１１の製造効率が低下するおそれがある。 The amplitude of vibration applied to the composition is preferably 0.1 to 20 mm, and more preferably 1 to 20 mm. If the amplitude of vibration is less than 0.1 mm, it is difficult for vibration to be transmitted throughout the composition, and thus the orientation of the fibrous filler 14 may be insufficient. If the amplitude of vibration exceeds 20 mm, it takes time to sufficiently apply vibration to the composition, and thus the production efficiency of the molded body 11 may be reduced.
成形工程では、金型内において、繊維状充填材１４の配向を維持した状態で高分子マトリックス１２を硬化又は固化させることにより、図２に示すように、所定の形状を有する成形体１１が成形される。成形工程後の成形体１１中の繊維状充填材１４は、外面１６から露出していない。露出工程では、成形体１１が高分子マトリックス１２として熱可塑性の高分子材料を有する場合、該高分子材料を溶解可能な溶媒を用いて成形体１１の外面１６から高分子マトリックス１２を除去することにより、外面１６上に繊維状充填材１４が露出される。また、メッシュ状の刃を成形体１１の外面１６に押し当てた後、それらを外面１６に沿って摺動させることにより、外面１６から高分子マトリックス１２が除去されて外面１６上に繊維状充填材１４が露出される。この場合、高分子マトリックス１２は均一の厚みで除去される。また、研磨紙等を用いた研磨によって、外面１６から高分子マトリックス１２が除去されて外面１６上に繊維状充填材１４が露出される。 In the molding step, the polymer matrix 12 is cured or solidified in a mold while maintaining the orientation of the fibrous filler 14, thereby forming a molded body 11 having a predetermined shape as shown in FIG. Is done. The fibrous filler 14 in the molded body 11 after the molding process is not exposed from the outer surface 16. In the exposing step, when the molded body 11 has a thermoplastic polymer material as the polymer matrix 12, the polymer matrix 12 is removed from the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 using a solvent capable of dissolving the polymer material. As a result, the fibrous filler 14 is exposed on the outer surface 16. Further, after the mesh blade is pressed against the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11, the polymer matrix 12 is removed from the outer surface 16 by sliding them along the outer surface 16, and the outer surface 16 is filled with fibers. The material 14 is exposed. In this case, the polymer matrix 12 is removed with a uniform thickness. Further, the polymer matrix 12 is removed from the outer surface 16 by polishing using abrasive paper or the like, and the fibrous filler 14 is exposed on the outer surface 16.
成形体１１を発熱体及び放熱体に取付ける際には、図３（ａ）に示すように、例えば基板１７上に配設された発熱体１８（例えば電子部品）上に成形体１１及び放熱体１９を順に載置する。発熱体１８の下部は絶縁層２０で覆われており、基板１７と絶縁層２０との間には、発熱体１８を基板１７上の図示しない電気回路に接続するための端子２１が配設されている。成形体１１は、一対の外面１６が発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に接触するように載置される。次いで、成形体１１が発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に密着するように、放熱体１９から発熱体１８に向かって荷重を加え、発熱体１８及び放熱体１９によって成形体１１を挟持する。 When the molded body 11 is attached to the heat generator and the heat radiator, as shown in FIG. 3A, for example, the molded body 11 and the heat radiator on a heat generator 18 (for example, an electronic component) disposed on the substrate 17. 19 are placed in order. A lower portion of the heating element 18 is covered with an insulating layer 20, and a terminal 21 for connecting the heating element 18 to an electric circuit (not shown) on the substrate 17 is disposed between the substrate 17 and the insulating layer 20. ing. The molded body 11 is placed so that the pair of outer surfaces 16 are in contact with the heat generator 18 and the heat radiator 19. Next, a load is applied from the heat radiating body 19 toward the heat generating body 18 so that the molded body 11 is in close contact with the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19, and the molded body 11 is sandwiched between the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19.
このとき、図３（ｂ）に示すように、成形体１１の外面１６から露出した繊維状充填材１４の端部は、前記荷重によって成形体１１内に圧入される。更に、高分子マトリックス１２は、前記荷重によって、露出した繊維状充填材１４の間に浸み出す。そのため、前記露出した繊維状充填材１４は、成形体１１内において高分子マトリックス１２に対して相対的に没入する。その結果、成形体１１の粘着性が高まるとともに、成形体１１は、発熱体１８及び放熱体１９との間に間隙を形成することなく発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に密着する。放熱体１９に加えられる荷重の値は、例えば４．９Ｎである。 At this time, as shown in FIG. 3B, the end of the fibrous filler 14 exposed from the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 is press-fitted into the molded body 11 by the load. Furthermore, the polymer matrix 12 oozes out between the exposed fibrous fillers 14 due to the load. Therefore, the exposed fibrous filler 14 is immersed relative to the polymer matrix 12 in the molded body 11. As a result, the adhesiveness of the molded body 11 increases, and the molded body 11 adheres to the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19 without forming a gap between the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19. The value of the load applied to the radiator 19 is, for example, 4.9N.
前記の実施形態によって発揮される効果について、以下に記載する。
本実施形態の繊維状充填材１４は通常、成形体１１の外面１６から露出している。そのため、成形体１１が接触対象物と接触する際、成形体１１の外面１６において、成形体１１を構成する高分子マトリックス１２と、接触対象物との接触は、露出した繊維状充填材１４によって抑制される。ここで、高分子マトリックス１２の硬度は通常、繊維状充填材１４に比べて低い。そのため、成形体１１は、硬度が低い高分子マトリックス１２と接触対象物との接触が抑制されることから、粘着性を低下させてハンドリング性を高めることが容易である。硬度が大きい層を成形体の外面に設けることによって成形体のハンドリング性を高める場合、成形体の硬度が大きくなることから、成形体の柔軟性は低下する。これに対して、本実施形態の成形体１１は、その硬度を低下させることなくハンドリング性を高めることから、柔軟性を維持することができる。
The effects exhibited by the above embodiment will be described below.
The fibrous filler 14 of the present embodiment is normally exposed from the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11. Therefore, when the molded body 11 comes into contact with the contact object, the contact between the polymer matrix 12 constituting the molded body 11 and the contact object on the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 is caused by the exposed fibrous filler 14. It is suppressed. Here, the hardness of the polymer matrix 12 is usually lower than that of the fibrous filler 14. Therefore, the molded body 11 can easily reduce the adhesiveness and enhance the handling properties because the contact between the polymer matrix 12 having a low hardness and the contact object is suppressed. When the handleability of the molded body is improved by providing a layer having a high hardness on the outer surface of the molded body, the hardness of the molded body increases, so the flexibility of the molded body decreases. On the other hand, since the molded object 11 of this embodiment improves handling property, without reducing the hardness, it can maintain a softness | flexibility.
更に、成形体１１は、その外面１６が発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に接触するように、発熱体１８と放熱体１９との間に介在され、露出した繊維状充填材１４は、成形体１１の使用時に、成形体１１内において高分子マトリックス１２に対して相対的に没入する。そのため、成形体１１の外面１６において、硬度が低い高分子マトリックス１２は、発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に容易に接触することができる。よって、成形体１１は、その密着性を高めることができ、その結果、発熱体１８及び放熱体１９と密着することができる。さらに、成形体１１内に没入した繊維状充填材１４は、図３（ｂ）に示すように、高分子マトリックス１２を介することなく発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に接触することができ、その結果、発熱体１８からの熱を放熱体１９に容易に伝導することができる。そのため、成形体１１は優れた熱伝導性能を発揮することができる。 Further, the molded body 11 is interposed between the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19 so that the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 is in contact with the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19. In use, is immersed relatively to the polymer matrix 12 in the molded body 11. Therefore, on the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11, the polymer matrix 12 having a low hardness can easily come into contact with the heating element 18 and the radiator 19. Therefore, the molded body 11 can enhance its adhesion, and as a result, can be in close contact with the heating element 18 and the heat dissipation body 19. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3B, the fibrous filler 14 immersed in the molded body 11 can come into contact with the heating element 18 and the radiator 19 without interposing the polymer matrix 12, and as a result. The heat from the heating element 18 can be easily conducted to the radiator 19. Therefore, the molded body 11 can exhibit excellent heat conduction performance.
発熱体１８及び放熱体１９から成形体１１を取外して再度取付ける場合、図４（ｂ）及び（ｃ）に示すように、発熱体１８及び放熱体１９から取外された成形体１１の外面１６上には、成形体１１を発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に取付ける前に比べて露出の程度が低いものの、繊維状充填材１４が露出している。そのため、成形体１１は、発熱体１８及び放熱体１９に繰り返し取付けられた場合にも、ハンドリング性を高めることが容易である。 When the molded body 11 is detached from the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19 and attached again, the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 removed from the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19 as shown in FIGS. Above, the fibrous filler 14 is exposed, although the degree of exposure is lower than before the molded body 11 is attached to the heat generator 18 and the heat radiator 19. Therefore, even when the molded body 11 is repeatedly attached to the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19, it is easy to improve the handleability.
なお、本実施形態は、次のように変更して具体化することも可能である。
・ 前記熱伝導性充填材１３は、高分子マトリックス１２と熱伝導性充填材１３との密着性を高めるために、例えばシランカップリング剤、又はチタネートカップリング剤を用いた表面処理が施されてもよいし、熱伝導性充填材１３に絶縁性を付与するために、絶縁材料を用いた表面処理が施されてもよい。
In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
The heat conductive filler 13 is subjected to a surface treatment using, for example, a silane coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent in order to improve the adhesion between the polymer matrix 12 and the heat conductive filler 13. Alternatively, a surface treatment using an insulating material may be performed in order to impart insulating properties to the heat conductive filler 13.
・ 前記繊維状充填材１４は、一対の外面１６の内の一方の外面１６上のみに露出してもよい。この場合、成形体１１の一対の外面１６において、一方の外面１６の粘着性のみを低下させることができる。 The fibrous filler 14 may be exposed only on one outer surface 16 of the pair of outer surfaces 16. In this case, only the adhesiveness of one outer surface 16 can be reduced in the pair of outer surfaces 16 of the molded body 11.
・ 前記配向工程において、繊維状充填材１４を一定方向に沿って配列した後、各繊維状充填材１４の間に高分子マトリックス１２を充填してもよい。
・ 前記配向工程及び成形工程において、基材フィルム上に組成物を塗布した後、基材フィルム上で繊維状充填材１４を配向させて成形体１１を成形してもよい。この場合、露出工程において、成形体１１の基材フィルムに接触していない外面１６を、例えば回転式円板カッターを用いて削ることにより、高分子マトリックス１２を除去してもよい。
In the orientation step, after the fibrous fillers 14 are arranged along a certain direction, the polymer matrix 12 may be filled between the fibrous fillers 14.
-In the said orientation process and a formation process, after apply | coating a composition on a base film, you may shape | mold the molded object 11 by orienting the fibrous filler 14 on a base film. In this case, in the exposure step, the polymer matrix 12 may be removed by shaving the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 that is not in contact with the base film using, for example, a rotary disk cutter.
・ 前記成形体１１がシート状に形成される場合、前記成形工程において、ブロック状をなす成形体１１を形成した後、剪断刃を用いて成形体１１をシート状に切断してもよい。このとき、高分子マトリックス１２の硬度は繊維状充填材１４に比べて低いことから、高分子マトリックス１２が繊維状充填材１４に比べて積極的に切断され、その結果、図４（ｄ）及び（ｅ）に示すように、成形体１１の切断面（外面１６）上には、繊維状充填材１４が露出する。そのため、この成形工程では、露出工程が同時に行われる。ここで、図４（ｄ）及び（ｅ）に示す成形体１１において、切断面に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合はほぼ１００％である。さらに、露出した繊維状充填材１４の先端面は、繊維状充填材１４の繊維軸に対して傾斜している。 -When the said molded object 11 is formed in a sheet form, after forming the molded object 11 which makes a block shape in the said formation process, you may cut | disconnect the molded object 11 in a sheet form using a shearing blade. At this time, since the hardness of the polymer matrix 12 is lower than that of the fibrous filler 14, the polymer matrix 12 is positively cut as compared with the fibrous filler 14, and as a result, as shown in FIG. As shown in (e), on the cut surface (outer surface 16) of the molded body 11, the fibrous filler 14 is exposed. Therefore, in this molding process, the exposure process is performed simultaneously. Here, in the molded body 11 shown in FIGS. 4D and 4E, the ratio of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of intersecting the cut surface is almost 100%. Further, the exposed end surface of the fibrous filler 14 is inclined with respect to the fiber axis of the fibrous filler 14.
・ 前記調製工程、又は配向工程において、組成物の脱泡を行ってもよい。 -In the said preparation process or an orientation process, you may defoam a composition.
次に、実施例及び比較例を挙げて前記実施形態をさらに具体的に説明する。
（実施例１〜５、並びに比較例１及び２）
実施例１においては、調製工程として、高分子マトリックス１２としての付加型の液状シリコーンゲルに、繊維状充填材１４としての炭素繊維と、粒子状充填材１５としての球状アルミナとを混合して成形体１１用の組成物を調製した。各成分の配合量を表１に示す。表１において、各成分の配合量の数値は重量部を示す。液状シリコーンゲルの２５℃における粘度は４００ｍＰａ・ｓであり、液状シリコーンゲルの比重は１．０であった。炭素繊維の平均繊維径は１０μｍであり、炭素繊維の平均繊維長は１６０μｍであった。球状アルミナの平均粒径は３．２μｍであった。次に、炭素繊維及び球状アルミナが均一に分散されるまで組成物を攪拌した後、組成物の脱泡を行った。
Next, the embodiment will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
(Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
In Example 1, as the preparation step, molding is performed by mixing carbon fiber as the fibrous filler 14 and spherical alumina as the particulate filler 15 into the addition-type liquid silicone gel as the polymer matrix 12. A composition for body 11 was prepared. Table 1 shows the amount of each component. In Table 1, the numerical value of the amount of each component indicates parts by weight. The viscosity of the liquid silicone gel at 25 ° C. was 400 mPa · s, and the specific gravity of the liquid silicone gel was 1.0. The average fiber diameter of the carbon fibers was 10 μm, and the average fiber length of the carbon fibers was 160 μm. The average particle diameter of the spherical alumina was 3.2 μm. Next, after the composition was stirred until the carbon fibers and the spherical alumina were uniformly dispersed, the composition was defoamed.
続いて、配向工程として、回転粘度計を用いて組成物の２５℃における粘度を測定した後、金型内に組成物を充填した。粘度の測定結果を表１に示す。次に、超伝導磁石を用いて、１００，０００ガウスの磁束密度を有する磁場を組成物に印加するとともに、圧縮空気を用いて、３．０Ｈｚの周波数及び１０ｍｍの振幅を有する振動を金型を介して組成物に印加して、炭素繊維を成形体１１の厚さ方向に沿って配向させた。 Subsequently, as an alignment step, the viscosity of the composition at 25 ° C. was measured using a rotational viscometer, and then the composition was filled into a mold. The viscosity measurement results are shown in Table 1. Next, a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of 100,000 gauss is applied to the composition using a superconducting magnet, and vibrations having a frequency of 3.0 Hz and an amplitude of 10 mm are applied to the mold using compressed air. The carbon fiber was oriented along the thickness direction of the molded body 11 by applying to the composition.
次いで、成形工程として、組成物を１２０℃で９０分加熱することにより、液状シリコーンゲルを硬化させてシート状の成形体１１を得た。そして、露出工程として、回転式カッターを用いて成形体１１の一対の外面１６から硬化したシリコーンを５μｍの厚さで除去することにより、炭素繊維を露出させた。露出工程後の成形体１１の厚さは０．５ｍｍであった。露出工程後の成形体１１の外面１６を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、繊維状充填材１４の露出を確認することができ、露出した繊維状充填材１４において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材の割合は約７０％であった。 Next, as a forming step, the composition was heated at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes, whereby the liquid silicone gel was cured to obtain a sheet-like formed body 11. And as an exposure process, carbon fiber was exposed by removing the silicone hardened | cured from the pair of outer surface 16 of the molded object 11 with the thickness of 5 micrometers using a rotary cutter. The thickness of the molded body 11 after the exposure process was 0.5 mm. When the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 after the exposure process is observed with an electron microscope, the exposure of the fibrous filler 14 can be confirmed, and the exposed fibrous filler 14 is exposed while intersecting the outer surface 16. The proportion of fibrous filler that was present was about 70%.
次に、実施例２では、実施例１の炭素繊維の平均繊維長を１００μｍに変更した。更に、実施例２では、配向工程において磁場のみを組成物に印加し、露出工程において金属製のメッシュを用いた研磨によってシリコーンを除去した以外は、実施例１と同様にして成形体１１を得た。露出工程後の成形体１１の外面１６を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、繊維状充填材１４の露出を確認することができ、露出した繊維状充填材１４において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合は約５０％であった。 Next, in Example 2, the average fiber length of the carbon fiber of Example 1 was changed to 100 μm. Furthermore, in Example 2, a molded body 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only the magnetic field was applied to the composition in the alignment step and the silicone was removed by polishing using a metal mesh in the exposure step. It was. When the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 after the exposure process is observed with an electron microscope, the exposure of the fibrous filler 14 can be confirmed, and the exposed fibrous filler 14 is exposed while intersecting the outer surface 16. The ratio of the fibrous filler 14 was about 50%.
実施例３では、繊維状充填材１４としてポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール前駆体炭素繊維（ＰＢＯ炭素繊維）を用いるとともに、各成分の配合量を表１に示すように変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして成形体１１を得た。ＰＢＯ炭素繊維の平均繊維長は６０００μｍであった。露出工程後の成形体１１の外面１６を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、繊維状充填材１４の露出を確認することができ、露出した繊維状充填材１４において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合は約７０％であった。 In Example 3, Example 1 was used except that polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole precursor carbon fiber (PBO carbon fiber) was used as the fibrous filler 14 and the amount of each component was changed as shown in Table 1. In the same manner, a molded body 11 was obtained. The average fiber length of the PBO carbon fiber was 6000 μm. When the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 after the exposure process is observed with an electron microscope, the exposure of the fibrous filler 14 can be confirmed, and the exposed fibrous filler 14 is exposed while intersecting the outer surface 16. The ratio of the fibrous filler 14 is about 70%.
実施例４では、実施例１の炭素繊維の平均繊維長を１００μｍに変更するとともに、各成分の配合量を表１に示すように変更した。更に、実施例４では、露出工程において研磨紙を用いた研磨によってシリコーンを除去した以外は、実施例１と同様にして成形体１１を得た。露出工程後の成形体１１の外面１６を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、繊維状充填材１４の露出を確認することができ、露出した繊維状充填材１４において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合は約７０％であった。 In Example 4, while changing the average fiber length of the carbon fiber of Example 1 to 100 micrometers, the compounding quantity of each component was changed as shown in Table 1. Furthermore, in Example 4, a molded body 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the silicone was removed by polishing using abrasive paper in the exposure step. When the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 after the exposure process is observed with an electron microscope, the exposure of the fibrous filler 14 can be confirmed, and the exposed fibrous filler 14 is exposed while intersecting the outer surface 16. The ratio of the fibrous filler 14 is about 70%.
実施例５では、配向工程において振動の振幅を２０ｍｍに変更し、成形工程及び露出工程を同時に行った以外は、実施例１と同様にして成形体１１を得た。具体的には、成形工程において、厚さが１５０ｍｍであるとともに直径が１００ｍｍである円柱状の成形体１１を得た後に、剪断刃を用いて成形体１１を０．５ｍｍの厚さで切断した。成形工程後の成形体１１の外面１６を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、繊維状充填材１４の露出を確認することができ、露出した繊維状充填材１４において、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合は約１００％であった。 In Example 5, a molded body 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the vibration amplitude was changed to 20 mm in the orientation process and the molding process and the exposure process were performed simultaneously. Specifically, in the molding step, after obtaining a cylindrical molded body 11 having a thickness of 150 mm and a diameter of 100 mm, the molded body 11 was cut to a thickness of 0.5 mm using a shearing blade. . When the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 after the molding process is observed with an electron microscope, the exposure of the fibrous filler 14 can be confirmed, and the exposed fibrous filler 14 is exposed while intersecting the outer surface 16. The ratio of the fibrous filler 14 is about 100%.
比較例１では、露出工程を省略した以外は、実施例５と同様にして成形体１１を得た。比較例２では、露出工程を省略した以外は、実施例２と同様にして成形体１１を得た。比較例１及び２において、成形工程後の成形体１１の外面１６を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、繊維状充填材１４は外面１６から露出していなかった。そして、各例の成形体１１について、下記の各項目に関し、測定及び評価を行った。その結果を表１に示す。表１において、「繊維状充填材１４の割合」は、外面１６に交差した状態で露出している繊維状充填材１４の割合を示す。 In Comparative Example 1, a molded body 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the exposure step was omitted. In Comparative Example 2, a molded body 11 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the exposure step was omitted. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, when the outer surface 16 of the molded body 11 after the molding process was observed with an electron microscope, the fibrous filler 14 was not exposed from the outer surface 16. And about the following item, about the molded object 11 of each example, it measured and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, “the ratio of the fibrous filler 14” indicates the ratio of the fibrous filler 14 exposed in a state of intersecting the outer surface 16.
＜ハンドリング性＞
各例の成形体１１について、それらの粘着性に基づいてハンドリング性を評価した。表１中のハンドリング性について、「○」とは、成形体１１の粘着性が適度に低く、成形体１１の取扱いが容易であったことを示す。また、「×」とは、成形体１１の粘着性が過剰に高く、成形体１１の取扱いが困難であったことを示す。
<Handling properties>
About the molded object 11 of each example, handling property was evaluated based on those adhesiveness. Regarding the handling properties in Table 1, “◯” indicates that the adhesiveness of the molded body 11 is moderately low and the molded body 11 was easy to handle. In addition, “x” indicates that the adhesiveness of the molded body 11 is excessively high and it is difficult to handle the molded body 11.
＜熱伝導率＞
各例の成形体１１から円板状の試験片（直径：１０ｍｍ、厚さ：０．５ｍｍ）を得た後、レーザーフラッシュ法により試験片の熱伝導率を測定した。
<Thermal conductivity>
After obtaining a disk-shaped test piece (diameter: 10 mm, thickness: 0.5 mm) from the molded body 11 of each example, the thermal conductivity of the test piece was measured by a laser flash method.
＜熱抵抗値＞
各例の成形体１１について、それらを発熱体１８及び放熱体１９で挟持した後、厚さ方向に５０％圧縮したときの厚さ方向における熱抵抗値を測定した。
<Thermal resistance value>
About the molded object 11 of each example, after pinching them with the heat generating body 18 and the heat radiating body 19, the thermal resistance value in the thickness direction when compressed 50% in the thickness direction was measured.
一方、比較例１及び２においては、ハンドリング性に関する評価、及び熱抵抗値に関する結果が各実施例に比べて劣っていた。そのため、各比較例の成形体１１は、各実施例に比べて熱伝導性能及びハンドリング性の両方が劣っていた。 On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the evaluation regarding the handling property and the result regarding the thermal resistance value were inferior to the respective examples. Therefore, the molded body 11 of each comparative example was inferior in both heat conduction performance and handling property as compared with each example.
さらに、前記実施形態より把握できる技術的思想について以下に記載する。
・ 前記配向工程は、前記熱伝導性高分子組成物に磁場及び振動を印加して繊維状の熱伝導性充填材を配向させる工程を備え、前記振動の周波数は、前記熱伝導性高分子組成物の固有振動数よりも低く設定されている熱伝導成形体の製造方法。この構成によれば、繊維状の熱伝導性充填材を容易に配向させることができる。
Further, the technical idea that can be grasped from the embodiment will be described below.
The alignment step includes a step of applying a magnetic field and vibration to the thermally conductive polymer composition to align a fibrous thermal conductive filler, and the frequency of the vibration is determined by the thermal conductive polymer composition. set heat that has conduction process for producing a molded article lower than the natural frequency of the object. According to this configuration, the fibrous heat conductive filler can be easily oriented.
１１…成形体、１２…高分子マトリックス、１３…熱伝導性充填材、１４…繊維状の熱伝導性充填材としての繊維状充填剤、１６…外面、１８…発熱体、１９…放熱体。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Molded object, 12 ... Polymer matrix, 13 ... Thermally conductive filler, 14 ... Fibrous filler as a fibrous thermal conductive filler, 16 ... Outer surface, 18 ... Heat generating body, 19 ... Radiator.
Claims (7)
前記熱伝導性充填材は、一定方向に配向された繊維状充填材を含み、
前記熱伝導性成形体において、前記配向の方向と交差する外面は、前記繊維状充填材を露出させた面であり、
前記熱伝導性成形体はその使用時に、前記外面が発熱体及び放熱体の少なくとも一方に接触するように、発熱体と放熱体との間に介在され、
前記露出された繊維状充填材の端部が、前記発熱体と放熱体との間で前記熱伝導性成形体内に没入する構成であり、
前記製造方法は、
前記熱伝導性高分子組成物を調製する調製工程と、
前記繊維状充填材を一定方向に配向させる配向工程と、
前記繊維状充填材の配向を維持した状態で前記高分子マトリックスを硬化又は固化してなる成形体を成形する成形工程と、
前記高分子マトリックスを除去することで前記繊維状充填材を前記外面上に露出させる露出工程とを備えていることを特徴とする熱伝導性成形体の製造方法。 A method for producing a thermally conductive molded body, which is used by being interposed between a heating element and a radiator, and is molded from a thermally conductive polymer composition containing a polymer matrix and a thermally conductive filler. And
The thermally conductive filler includes a fibrous filler oriented in a certain direction,
In the thermally conductive molded body, the outer surface intersecting with the orientation direction is a surface where the fibrous filler is exposed,
The heat conductive molded body is interposed between the heat generating body and the heat radiating body so that the outer surface contacts at least one of the heat generating body and the heat radiating body when used.
The exposed end portion of the fibrous filler is configured to be immersed in the thermally conductive molded body between the heating element and the heat radiating body,
The manufacturing method includes:
A preparation step of preparing the thermally conductive polymer composition;
An orientation step of orienting the fibrous filler in a certain direction;
A molding step of molding a molded body obtained by curing or solidifying the polymer matrix in a state in which the orientation of the fibrous filler is maintained;
And a step of exposing the fibrous filler to the outer surface by removing the polymer matrix.
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