JP4812359B2 - Exhaust gas purification catalyst composition - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification catalyst composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP4812359B2 JP4812359B2 JP2005225673A JP2005225673A JP4812359B2 JP 4812359 B2 JP4812359 B2 JP 4812359B2 JP 2005225673 A JP2005225673 A JP 2005225673A JP 2005225673 A JP2005225673 A JP 2005225673A JP 4812359 B2 JP4812359 B2 JP 4812359B2
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- noble metal
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- ilmenite
- catalyst composition
- exhaust gas
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 31
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 organic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002733 (C1-C6) fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SHXHPUAKLCCLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoropentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C(F)(F)F SHXHPUAKLCCLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRAJNWYBUCUFBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)CC(=O)C(C)(C)C YRAJNWYBUCUFBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GVSTYPOYHNVKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxybutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(OC)C(O)=O GVSTYPOYHNVKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCLCVVVHIPPHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethylhexane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)C(C)(C)C LCLCVVVHIPPHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacetoacetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)=O WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azanide;platinum(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [NH2-].[NH2-].[Pt+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O IXSUHTFXKKBBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- INPLRNDUHADSET-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] INPLRNDUHADSET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UOCJDOLVGGIYIQ-PBFPGSCMSA-N cefatrizine Chemical group S([C@@H]1[C@@H](C(N1C=1C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](N)C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)CC=1CSC=1C=NNN=1 UOCJDOLVGGIYIQ-PBFPGSCMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004697 chelate complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzoylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl malonate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=O)OC BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SORGMJIXNUWMMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);propan-2-olate Chemical compound [La+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SORGMJIXNUWMMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、排ガスの浄化用触媒として用いられる排ガス浄化用触媒組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification catalyst composition used as an exhaust gas purification catalyst .
排ガス中に含まれる窒素酸化物NOx(NOおよびNO2)を除去する触媒として、例えば、一般式ABO3で示されるイルメナイト型複合酸化物が知られている。
そのような、イルメナイト型複合酸化物として、例えば、NiMnO3、NiMnO3にPt(白金)を含浸したものなどが提案されている(特許文献1参照。)。
As such an ilmenite type complex oxide, for example, NiMnO 3 , NiMnO 3 impregnated with Pt (platinum) and the like have been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
しかし、特許文献1に記載されるイルメナイト型複合酸化物では、貴金属はイルメナイト型複合酸化物に担持されているだけであり、高温下、酸化還元変動下や長期使用時などにおいては、担持されているだけの貴金属が、イルメナイト型複合酸化物の表面を移動、合体することにより粒成長を起こし、貴金属の有効表面積が減少することによって、触媒活性が低下する。 However, in the ilmenite type composite oxide described in Patent Document 1, the noble metal is only supported on the ilmenite type composite oxide, and is supported at high temperatures, under oxidation-reduction fluctuations, and during long-term use. As much noble metal as possible moves and coalesces on the surface of the ilmenite type complex oxide, thereby causing grain growth, and reducing the effective surface area of the noble metal reduces the catalytic activity.
本発明の目的は、高温下、酸化還元変動下や長期使用時において、貴金属の粒成長による触媒活性低下を防ぎ、優れた触媒活性を長期にわたって実現することのできる、排ガス浄化用触媒組成物を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst composition for exhaust gas purification that can prevent a decrease in catalytic activity due to grain growth of noble metal at high temperatures, under oxidation-reduction fluctuations, or during long-term use, and can realize excellent catalytic activity over a long period of time. It is to provide.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒組成物(以下、触媒組成物と称する。)は、貴金属を含有するイルメナイト型複合酸化物であって、前記貴金属が、酸化雰囲気ではイルメナイト型複合酸化物中に固溶し、還元雰囲気ではイルメナイト型複合酸化物から析出し、一般式(1)
AB 1−x M x O 3 (1)
(式中、Aは、Feおよび/またはMgを示し、Bは、Tiを示し、Mは、貴金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を示し、xは、0<x<1の範囲を示す。)
で示されることを特徴としている。
In order to achieve the above object, the exhaust gas purifying catalyst composition of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as catalyst composition) is an ilmenite complex oxide containing a noble metal, and the noble metal is ilmenite type in an oxidizing atmosphere. solid solution in the composite oxide, in a reducing atmosphere to precipitate from ilmenite-type complex oxide represented by the general formula (1)
AB 1-x M x O 3 (1)
(In the formula, A represents Fe and / or Mg, B represents Ti, M represents at least one element selected from precious metals, and x represents a range of 0 <x <1. )
It is characterized by being indicated by.
また、本発明の触媒組成物は、貴金属が、Pt、Pd、Rhから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素であることが好適である。 In the catalyst composition of the present invention, it is preferable that the noble metal is at least one element selected from Pt, Pd, and Rh.
本発明の触媒組成物によれば、Pt、Pd、Rhなどの貴金属が、イルメナイト型複合酸化物に対して、効率的に、酸化雰囲気下で固溶し、還元雰囲気下で析出する固溶再生(自己再生)を繰り返すので、これらを分散状態に保つことができる。そのため、長期にわたって、粒成長による触媒活性低下を防いで、高い触媒活性を保持することができる。その結果、優れた排ガス浄化性能を長期にわたって実現することができるので、例えば、ガソリンエンジン、ディーゼルエンジンなどの内燃機関や、ボイラなどから排出される排ガスを浄化するための排ガス浄化用触媒として、好適に用いることができる。 According to the catalyst composition of the present invention, a solid solution regeneration in which noble metals such as Pt, Pd, and Rh are efficiently dissolved in an oxidizing atmosphere and precipitated in a reducing atmosphere with respect to the ilmenite type composite oxide. Since (self-regeneration) is repeated, these can be kept in a dispersed state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in catalytic activity due to grain growth and maintain a high catalytic activity over a long period of time. As a result, it is possible to realize a superior exhaust gas purification performance for a long time, for example, a gasoline engine, or an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, as an exhaust gas purifying catalyst for purifying exhaust gas discharged from such a boiler, It can be used suitably.
本発明の触媒組成物は、貴金属を含有するイルメナイト型複合酸化物であって、貴金属が、酸化雰囲気ではイルメナイト型複合酸化物中に固溶し、還元雰囲気ではイルメナイト型複合酸化物中から析出する。
本発明において、イルメナイト型複合酸化物は、イルメナイト型の結晶構造を有する複合酸化物である。
The catalyst composition of the present invention is an ilmenite type composite oxide containing a noble metal, and the noble metal is dissolved in the ilmenite type composite oxide in an oxidizing atmosphere, and is precipitated from the ilmenite type composite oxide in a reducing atmosphere. .
In the present invention, the ilmenite complex oxide is a complex oxide having an ilmenite crystal structure.
また、本発明の触媒組成物は、一般式(1)で示される。
AB 1−x M x O 3 (1)
(式中、Aは、Feおよび/またはMgを示し、Bは、Tiを示し、Mは、貴金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を示し、xは、0<x<1の範囲を示す。)
一般式(1)の触媒組成物は、一般式ABO3のイルメナイト型複合酸化物に貴金属が配位したものである。すなわち、この触媒組成物において、Aサイトでは、Aで示されるFe(鉄)および/またはMg(マグネシウム)が必ず配位される。これらの元素は、単独で用いてもよく、また、2種以上併用してもよい。
Further, the catalyst composition of the present invention, Ru is represented by the general formula (1).
AB 1-x M x O 3 (1)
(In the formula, A represents Fe and / or Mg, B represents Ti, M represents at least one element selected from precious metals, and x represents a range of 0 <x <1. )
In the catalyst composition of the general formula (1), a noble metal is coordinated to the ilmenite complex oxide of the general formula ABO 3 . That is, in this catalyst composition, Fe (iron) and / or Mg (magnesium ) represented by A is always coordinated at the A site . These elements may be used alone, or may be used in combination of two or more.
また、Bサイトでは、Bで示される、Ti(チタン)が必ず配位される。 Further, in the B site, indicated by B, T i (titanium) is always coordinated.
また、Bサイトには、上記した元素とともにMで示される貴金属が必ず配位される。
貴金属としては、例えば、Pt(白金)、Ir(イリジウム)、Os(オスミウム)、Ag(銀)、Pd(パラジウム)、Rh(ロジウム)およびRu(ルテニウム)が挙げられる。好ましくは、Pt、PdおよびRhが挙げられる。これらの貴金属は、単独で用いてもよく、また、2種以上併用してもよい。
In addition, the noble metal represented by M together with the above-described elements is always coordinated with the B site.
Examples of the noble metal include Pt (platinum), Ir (iridium), Os (osmium), Ag (silver), Pd (palladium), Rh (rhodium), and Ru (ruthenium). Pt, Pd and Rh are preferable. These noble metals may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
そして、上記した触媒組成物は、特に制限されることなく、イルメナイト型複合酸化物を調製するための適宜の方法、例えば、共沈法、クエン酸錯体法、アルコキシド法などによって、調製することができる。
共沈法では、例えば、上記した各元素の塩を所定の化学量論比で含む混合塩水溶液を調製し、この混合塩水溶液に中和剤を加えて共沈させた後、得られた共沈物を乾燥後、熱処理する。
The above-described catalyst composition is not particularly limited, and can be prepared by an appropriate method for preparing an ilmenite-type composite oxide, for example, a coprecipitation method, a citric acid complex method, an alkoxide method, or the like. it can.
In the coprecipitation method, for example, a mixed salt aqueous solution containing the salt of each element described above at a predetermined stoichiometric ratio is prepared, and a neutralizing agent is added to the mixed salt aqueous solution to perform coprecipitation. The precipitate is dried and then heat-treated.
各元素の塩としては、例えば、硫酸塩、硝酸塩、塩化物、りん酸塩などの無機塩、例えば、酢酸塩、しゅう酸塩などの有機酸塩などが挙げられる。また、混合塩水溶液は、例えば、各元素の塩を、所定の化学量論比となるような割合で水に加えて、攪拌混合することにより調製することができる。
その後、この混合塩水溶液に、中和剤を加えて共沈させる。中和剤としては、例えば、アンモニア、例えば、トリエチルアミン、ピリジンなどのアミン類などの有機塩基、例えば、カセイソーダ、カセイカリ、炭酸カリ、炭酸アンモンなどの無機塩基が挙げられる。なお、中和剤は、その中和剤を加えた後の溶液のpHが、6〜10程度となるように加える。
Examples of the salt of each element include inorganic salts such as sulfate, nitrate, chloride, and phosphate, and organic acid salts such as acetate and oxalate. Further, the mixed salt aqueous solution can be prepared, for example, by adding the salt of each element to water at a ratio that gives a predetermined stoichiometric ratio and stirring and mixing.
Thereafter, a neutralizing agent is added to the mixed salt aqueous solution to cause coprecipitation. Examples of the neutralizing agent include ammonia, for example, organic bases such as amines such as triethylamine and pyridine, and inorganic bases such as caustic soda, caustic potash, potassium carbonate, and ammonium carbonate. The neutralizing agent is added so that the pH of the solution after adding the neutralizing agent is about 6 to 10.
そして、得られた共沈物を、必要により水洗し、例えば、真空乾燥や通風乾燥などにより乾燥させた後、例えば、約500〜1200℃、好ましくは、約600〜1000℃で熱処理することにより、触媒組成物を製造することができる。
また、クエン酸錯体法では、例えば、クエン酸と上記した各元素の塩とを、上記した各元素に対し化学量論比よりやや過剰のクエン酸水溶液を加えてクエン酸混合塩水溶液を調製し、このクエン酸混合塩水溶液を乾固させて、上記した各元素のクエン酸錯体を形成させた後、得られたクエン酸錯体を仮焼成後、熱処理する。
The obtained coprecipitate is washed with water if necessary, and dried by, for example, vacuum drying or ventilation drying, and then heat-treated at, for example, about 500 to 1200 ° C., preferably about 600 to 1000 ° C. A catalyst composition can be produced.
Further, in the citric acid complex method, for example, citric acid and a salt of each element described above are added to each element described above by adding a slightly excessive citric acid aqueous solution than the stoichiometric ratio to prepare a citric acid mixed salt aqueous solution. After this citric acid mixed salt aqueous solution is dried to form a citric acid complex of each element described above, the obtained citric acid complex is pre-baked and then heat-treated.
各元素の塩としては、上記と同様の塩が挙げられ、また、クエン酸混合塩水溶液は、例えば、上記と同様に混合塩水溶液を調製して、その混合塩水溶液に、クエン酸の水溶液を加えることにより、調製することができる。
その後、このクエン酸混合塩水溶液を乾固させて、上記した各元素のクエン酸錯体を形成させる。乾固は、形成されるクエン酸錯体が分解しない温度、例えば、室温〜150℃程度で、水分を除去する。これによって、上記した各元素のクエン酸錯体を形成させることができる。
Examples of the salt of each element include the same salts as described above. For the citric acid mixed salt aqueous solution, for example, a mixed salt aqueous solution is prepared in the same manner as described above, and an aqueous citric acid solution is added to the mixed salt aqueous solution. It can be prepared by adding.
Thereafter, the citric acid mixed salt aqueous solution is dried to form a citric acid complex of each element described above. Drying removes moisture at a temperature at which the formed citric acid complex does not decompose, for example, from room temperature to 150 ° C. Thereby, a citric acid complex of each element described above can be formed.
そして、形成されたクエン酸錯体を仮焼成後、熱処理する。仮焼成は、例えば、真空または不活性雰囲気下において250〜350℃で加熱すればよい。その後、例えば、約500〜1200℃、好ましくは、約600〜1000℃で熱処理することにより、触媒組成物を製造することができる。
また、アルコキシド法では、例えば、貴金属を除く上記した各元素のアルコキシドを、上記した化学量論比で含む混合アルコキシド溶液を調製し、この混合アルコキシド溶液に、水を加えて加水分解により沈殿させた後、得られた沈殿物をスラリーとし、このスラリーに、貴金属の塩を含む水溶液を、各元素と貴金属とが上記した化学量論比となるように混合し、担持させて、前駆体組成物を得る。得られた前駆体組成物を、その後、熱処理(焼成)する。
The formed citric acid complex is subjected to heat treatment after calcination. Temporary baking should just heat at 250-350 degreeC in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere, for example. Thereafter, for example, the catalyst composition can be produced by heat treatment at about 500 to 1200 ° C., preferably about 600 to 1000 ° C.
Further, in the alkoxide method, for example, a mixed alkoxide solution containing the alkoxide of each element described above excluding the noble metal in the above stoichiometric ratio is prepared, and water is added to the mixed alkoxide solution and precipitated by hydrolysis. Thereafter, the obtained precipitate is used as a slurry, and an aqueous solution containing a salt of a noble metal is mixed and supported on the slurry so that each element and the noble metal have the above stoichiometric ratio. Get. The obtained precursor composition is then heat-treated (fired).
各元素のアルコキシドとしては、例えば、各元素と、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシなどのアルコキシとから形成されるアルコラートや、下記一般式(2)で示される各元素のアルコキシアルコラートなどが挙げられる。
E[OCH(R1)−(CH2)i−OR2]j (2)
(式中、Eは、各元素を示し、R1は、水素原子または炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を示し、R2は、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を示し、iは、1〜3の整数、jは、2〜4の整数を示す。)
アルコキシアルコラートは、より具体的には、例えば、メトキシエチレート、メトキシプロピレート、メトキシブチレート、エトキシエチレート、エトキシプロピレート、プロポキシエチレート、ブトキシエチレートなどが挙げられる。
Examples of the alkoxide of each element include an alcoholate formed from each element and an alkoxy such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, and an alkoxy alcoholate of each element represented by the following general formula (2). Can be mentioned.
E [OCH (R 1) - (CH 2) i -OR 2] j (2)
(In the formula, E represents each element, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and i represents 1 to 1) (An integer of 3 and j represents an integer of 2 to 4.)
More specifically, examples of the alkoxy alcoholate include methoxyethylate, methoxypropylate, methoxybutyrate, ethoxyethylate, ethoxypropylate, propoxyethylate, butoxyethylate, and the like.
そして、混合アルコキシド溶液は、例えば、各元素のアルコキシドを、上記した化学量論比となるように有機溶媒に加えて、攪拌混合することにより調製することができる。有機溶媒としては、各元素のアルコキシドを溶解できれば、特に制限されないが、例えば、芳香族炭化水素類、脂肪族炭化水素類、アルコール類、ケトン類、エステル類などが挙げられる。好ましくは、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素類が挙げられる。 And a mixed alkoxide solution can be prepared by, for example, adding the alkoxide of each element to an organic solvent so that it may become said stoichiometric ratio, and stirring and mixing. The organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as the alkoxide of each element can be dissolved, and examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, and esters. Preferably, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene are used.
その後、この混合アルコキシド溶液を加水分解し、沈殿を生成させる。そして、混合アルコキシド溶液から有機溶媒を留去して、スラリーを調製し、このスラリーに、所定の化学量論比で、貴金属の塩を含む水溶液を加える。
貴金属の塩を含む水溶液としては、例えば、硝酸塩水溶液、塩化物水溶液、ヘキサアンミン塩化物水溶液、ジニトロジアンミン硝酸水溶液、ヘキサクロロ酸水和物、シアン化カリウム塩などが挙げられる。
Thereafter, the mixed alkoxide solution is hydrolyzed to form a precipitate. Then, an organic solvent is distilled off from the mixed alkoxide solution to prepare a slurry, and an aqueous solution containing a noble metal salt is added to the slurry at a predetermined stoichiometric ratio.
Examples of the aqueous solution containing a noble metal salt include nitrate aqueous solution, chloride aqueous solution, hexaammine chloride aqueous solution, dinitrodiammine nitric acid aqueous solution, hexachloro acid hydrate, potassium cyanide salt and the like.
そして、得られたスラリーを、例えば、真空乾燥や通風乾燥などにより水を留去し、乾燥させて前駆体を得た後、例えば、約500〜1200℃、好ましくは、約600〜1000℃で熱処理(焼成)することにより、触媒組成物を製造することができる。
また、アルコキシド法においては、混合アルコキシド溶液に、貴金属の塩を含む水溶液を加えて加水分解により沈殿させた後、得られた沈殿物を乾燥させて前駆体を得た後、熱処理することにより、触媒組成物を製造することもできる。
And after distilling water off by the obtained slurry, for example by vacuum drying, ventilation drying, etc., and drying, a precursor is obtained, for example, about 500-1200 degreeC, Preferably, it is about 600-1000 degreeC. A catalyst composition can be produced by heat treatment (firing).
Further, in the alkoxide method, an aqueous solution containing a noble metal salt is added to the mixed alkoxide solution and precipitated by hydrolysis, and then the obtained precipitate is dried to obtain a precursor, followed by heat treatment, A catalyst composition can also be produced.
貴金属の有機金属塩としては、例えば、酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩などから形成される上記貴金属のカルボン酸塩、例えば、下記一般式(3)で示されるβ−ジケトン化合物またはβ−ケトエステル化合物、および/または、下記一般式(4)で示されるβ−ジカルボン酸エステル化合物から形成される上記貴金属の金属キレート錯体が挙げられる。
R3COCHR5COR4 (3)
(式中、R3は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基、炭素数1〜6のフルオロアルキル基またはアリール基、R4は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基、炭素数1〜6のフルオロアルキル基、アリール基または炭素数1〜4のアルキルオキシ基、R5は、水素原子または炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を示す。)
R7CH(COOR6)2 (4)
(式中、R6は、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基、R7は、水素原子または炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を示す。)
上記一般式(3)および上記一般式(4)中、R3、R4およびR6の炭素数1〜6のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、s−ブチル、t−ブチル、t−アミル、t−ヘキシルなどが挙げられる。また、R5およびR7の炭素数1〜4のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、s−ブチル、t−ブチルなどが挙げられる。また、R3およびR4の炭素数1〜6のフルオロアルキル基としては、例えば、トリフルオロメチルなどが挙げられる。また、R3およびR4のアリール基としては、例えば、フェニルが挙げられる。また、R4の炭素数1〜4のアルキルオキシ基としては、例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、n−ブトキシ、s−ブトキシ、t−ブトキシなどが挙げられる。
Examples of the noble metal organic metal salts include, for example, the above-mentioned noble metal carboxylates formed from acetates, propionates, and the like, for example, β-diketone compounds or β-ketoester compounds represented by the following general formula (3), and / Or the metal chelate complex of the said noble metal formed from the (beta) -dicarboxylic acid ester compound shown by following General formula (4).
R 3 COCHR 5 COR 4 (3)
(In the formula, R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group, R 4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a fluoro having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. An alkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.)
R 7 CH (COOR 6 ) 2 (4)
(Wherein R 6 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.)
In the general formula (3) and the general formula (4), examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of R 3 , R 4 and R 6 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, s -Butyl, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-hexyl and the like. The alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of R 5 and R 7, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n- butyl, s- butyl, t- butyl. Moreover, as a C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group of R < 3 > and R < 4 >, trifluoromethyl etc. are mentioned, for example. The aryl group of R 3 and R 4, for example, phenyl. Examples of the alkyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of R 4 include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy and the like.
β−ジケトン化合物は、より具体的には、例えば、2,4−ペンタンジオン、2,4−ヘキサンジオン、2,2−ジメチル−3,5−ヘキサンジオン、1−フェニル−1,3−ブタンジオン、1−トリフルオロメチル−1,3−ブタンジオン、ヘキサフルオロアセチルアセトン、1,3−ジフェニル−1,3−プロパンジオン、ジピバロイルメタンなどが挙げられる。 More specifically, β-diketone compounds are, for example, 2,4-pentanedione, 2,4-hexanedione, 2,2-dimethyl-3,5-hexanedione, 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione. 1-trifluoromethyl-1,3-butanedione, hexafluoroacetylacetone, 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione, dipivaloylmethane and the like.
また、β−ケトエステル化合物は、より具体的には、例えば、メチルアセトアセテート、エチルアセトアセテート、t−ブチルアセトアセテートなどが挙げられる。
また、β−ジカルボン酸エステル化合物は、より具体的には、例えば、マロン酸ジメチル、マロン酸ジエチルなどが挙げられる。
また、本発明の触媒組成物には、このようにして得られるイルメナイト型複合酸化物に、さらに、貴金属を担持させてもよい。貴金属を担持させることで、触媒活性のさらなる向上を図ることができる。
More specific examples of the β-keto ester compound include methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, t-butyl acetoacetate, and the like.
Specific examples of the β-dicarboxylic acid ester compound include dimethyl malonate and diethyl malonate.
Further, in the catalyst composition of the present invention, a noble metal may be further supported on the ilmenite type composite oxide thus obtained. By supporting the noble metal, the catalytic activity can be further improved.
貴金属としては、上記したPt、Ir、Os、Ag、Pd、RhおよびRuなどが挙げられる。好ましくは、Pt、Pd、Rhが挙げられる。これらの貴金属は、単独で用いてもよく、また、2種以上併用してもよい。
そして、イルメナイト型複合酸化物に貴金属を担持させるには、特に制限されず、公知の方法を用いることができる。例えば、貴金属を含む塩の溶液を調製し、この貴金属塩溶液を、上記により得られたイルメナイト型複合酸化物に含浸させた後、焼成すればよい。イルメナイト型複合酸化物に対する貴金属の担持量は、例えば、イルメナイト型複合酸化物100重量部に対して、20重量部以下、好ましくは、0.2〜10重量部である。
Examples of the noble metal include the above-described Pt, Ir, Os, Ag, Pd, Rh, and Ru. Pt, Pd, and Rh are preferable. These noble metals may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
And in order to carry | support a noble metal on an ilmenite type complex oxide, it does not restrict | limit in particular, A well-known method can be used. For example, a solution of a salt containing a noble metal is prepared, and the noble metal salt solution is impregnated in the ilmenite type complex oxide obtained above, and then fired. The amount of the noble metal supported on the ilmenite-type composite oxide is, for example, 20 parts by weight or less, preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the ilmenite-type composite oxide.
貴金属塩溶液は、上記した例示の塩の溶液を用いてもよく、また実用的には、硝酸塩水溶液、ジニトロジアンミン硝酸水溶液、塩化物水溶液などが用いられる。より具体的には、ロジウム塩溶液として、例えば、硝酸ロジウム溶液、塩化ロジウム溶液など、パラジウム塩溶液として、例えば、硝酸パラジウム溶液、塩化パラジウム溶液など、白金塩溶液として、例えば、ジニトロジアンミン白金硝酸溶液、塩化白金酸溶液、4価白金アンミン溶液などが挙げられる。 As the noble metal salt solution, the salt solution exemplified above may be used, and practically, an aqueous nitrate solution, an aqueous dinitrodiammine nitrate solution, an aqueous chloride solution, or the like is used. More specifically, as rhodium salt solution, for example, rhodium nitrate solution, rhodium chloride solution, etc., as palladium salt solution, for example, palladium nitrate solution, palladium chloride solution, etc., as platinum salt solution, for example, dinitrodiammine platinum nitrate solution Chloroplatinic acid solution, tetravalent platinum ammine solution and the like.
そして、イルメナイト型複合酸化物に貴金属塩溶液を含浸させた後、例えば、50〜200℃で1〜48時間乾燥し、さらに、500〜1200℃で1〜12時間焼成する。
このようにして得られるイルメナイト型複合酸化物は、そのまま、触媒組成物として用いることもできるが、通常、触媒担体上に担持させるなど、公知の方法により、触媒組成物として調製される。
Then, after impregnating the ilmenite type complex oxide with the noble metal salt solution, for example, drying is performed at 50 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 48 hours, and further, baking is performed at 500 to 1200 ° C. for 1 to 12 hours.
The ilmenite-type composite oxide thus obtained can be used as it is as a catalyst composition, but is usually prepared as a catalyst composition by a known method such as loading on a catalyst carrier.
触媒担体としては、特に限定されず、例えば、コージェライトなどからなるハニカム状のモノリス担体など、公知の触媒担体が用いられる。
触媒担体上に担持させるには、例えば、まず、得られたイルメナイト型複合酸化物に、水を加えてスラリーとした後、これを触媒担体上にコーティングし、乾燥させ、その後、約300〜800℃、好ましくは、約300〜600℃で熱処理する。
The catalyst carrier is not particularly limited, and for example, a known catalyst carrier such as a honeycomb monolith carrier made of cordierite or the like is used.
In order to carry it on the catalyst carrier, for example, first, water is added to the obtained ilmenite type composite oxide to form a slurry, which is then coated on the catalyst carrier, dried, and then about 300 to 800. The heat treatment is performed at a temperature of about 300 to 600 ° C.
そして、このようにして得られる本発明の触媒組成物では、イルメナイト型複合酸化物の結晶構造中において、貴金属が配位し、その配位した貴金属が、還元雰囲気下において、結晶構造から析出し、酸化雰囲気下において、結晶構造中に固溶する。
これによって、本発明の触媒組成物は、このような酸化雰囲気下での固溶および還元雰囲気下での析出を繰り返す自己再生機能によって、長期使用においても、貴金属の粒成長が効果的に抑制され、これらの分散状態が保持される。その結果、貴金属の使用量を大幅に低減しても、高い触媒活性を長期にわたって実現することができる。
In the catalyst composition of the present invention thus obtained, the noble metal is coordinated in the crystal structure of the ilmenite complex oxide, and the coordinated noble metal is precipitated from the crystal structure in a reducing atmosphere. It dissolves in the crystal structure in an oxidizing atmosphere.
As a result, the catalyst composition of the present invention effectively suppresses noble metal grain growth even in long-term use by such a self-regenerative function that repeats solid solution in an oxidizing atmosphere and precipitation in a reducing atmosphere. These dispersed states are maintained. As a result, even if the amount of noble metal used is significantly reduced, high catalytic activity can be realized over a long period of time.
そのため、本発明の触媒組成物は、優れた排ガス浄化性能を長期にわたって実現することができるので、例えば、ガソリンエンジン、ディーゼルエンジンなどの内燃機関や、ボイラなどから排出される排ガスを浄化するための排ガス浄化用触媒として、好適に用いることができる。
Therefore, the catalyst composition of the present invention, it is possible to realize a superior exhaust gas purification performance for a long time, for example, a gasoline engine, or an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, for purifying exhaust gas discharged from such a boiler As an exhaust gas purification catalyst, it can be suitably used.
以下に、実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これら実施例および比較例に何ら限定されるものではない。
実施例1
(FeTi0.95Rh0.05O3の製造)
鉄nブトキシド 0.100モル
チタンイソプロポキシド 0.095モル
を、500mL容量の丸底フラスコに加え、トルエン200mLを加えて攪拌溶解させることにより、混合アルコキシド溶液を調製した。この混合アルコキシド溶液に、脱イオン水を200mL滴下して加水分解したところ、粘稠沈殿が生成した。この混合アルコキシド溶液からトルエンを留去し、スラリーとした後、このスラリーに硝酸ロジウム水溶液(Rh含量:0.005モル)を加えて、室温下において1時間攪拌した。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
(Production of FeTi 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3 )
Iron n-butoxide 0.100 mol Titanium isopropoxide 0.095 mol was added to a 500 mL capacity round bottom flask, and 200 mL of toluene was added and dissolved by stirring to prepare a mixed alkoxide solution. When 200 mL of deionized water was dropped into the mixed alkoxide solution and hydrolyzed, a viscous precipitate was formed. Toluene was distilled off from the mixed alkoxide solution to form a slurry, and an aqueous rhodium nitrate solution (Rh content: 0.005 mol) was added to the slurry, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour.
次いで、水を減圧下において留去乾固して前駆体を得た。これを、大気中、電気炉にて、950℃、2時間熱処理(焼成)を行ない、FeTi0.95Rh0.05O3からなるRh含有イルメナイト型複合酸化物(Rh含有量:3.33重量%)を得た。
なお、この粉末は、X線回折の結果、FeTi0.95Rh0.05O3からなるRh含有イルメナイト型複合酸化物の単一結晶相を有していることが確認された。
Next, water was distilled off to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain a precursor. This was heat-treated (fired) at 950 ° C. for 2 hours in an electric furnace in the atmosphere, and an Rh-containing ilmenite-type composite oxide (Rh content: 3.33) composed of FeTi 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3. % By weight).
As a result of X-ray diffraction, this powder was confirmed to have a single crystal phase of an Rh-containing ilmenite complex oxide composed of FeTi 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3 .
実施例2
(MgTi0.95Rh0.05O3の製造)
マグネシウムメトキシプロピレート 0.100モル
チタンイソプロポキシド 0.095モル
を、500mL容量の丸底フラスコに加え、トルエン200mLを加えて攪拌溶解させることにより、混合アルコキシド溶液を調製した。この混合アルコキシド溶液に、脱イオン水を200mL滴下して加水分解したところ、粘稠沈殿が生成した。この混合アルコキシド溶液からトルエンを留去し、スラリーとした後、このスラリーに硝酸ロジウム水溶液(Rh含量:0.005モル)を加えて、室温下において1時間攪拌した。
Example 2
(Production of MgTi 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3 )
Magnesium methoxypropylate 0.100 mol Titanium isopropoxide 0.095 mol was added to a 500 mL capacity round bottom flask, and 200 mL of toluene was added and dissolved by stirring to prepare a mixed alkoxide solution. When 200 mL of deionized water was dropped into the mixed alkoxide solution and hydrolyzed, a viscous precipitate was formed. Toluene was distilled off from the mixed alkoxide solution to form a slurry, and an aqueous rhodium nitrate solution (Rh content: 0.005 mol) was added to the slurry, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour.
次いで、水を減圧下において留去乾固して前駆体を得た。これを、大気中、電気炉にて、950℃、2時間熱処理(焼成)を行ない、MgTi0.95Rh0.05O3からなるRh含有イルメナイト型複合酸化物(Rh含有量:4.19重量%)を得た。
なお、この粉末は、X線回折の結果、MgTi0.95Rh0.05O3からなるRh含有イルメナイト型複合酸化物の単一結晶相を有していることが確認された。
Next, water was distilled off to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain a precursor. This was heat-treated (fired) at 950 ° C. for 2 hours in an electric furnace in the atmosphere, and an Rh-containing ilmenite-type composite oxide (Rh content: 4.19) composed of MgTi 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3. % By weight).
As a result of X-ray diffraction, this powder was confirmed to have a single crystal phase of an Rh-containing ilmenite complex oxide composed of MgTi 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3 .
比較例1
(LaAl0.95Rh0.05O3の製造)
ランタンイソプロポキシド 0.100モル
アルミニウムイソプロポキシド 0.095モル
を、500mL容量の丸底フラスコに加え、トルエン200mLを加えて攪拌溶解させることにより、混合アルコキシド溶液を調製した。この混合アルコキシド溶液に、脱イオン水を200mL滴下して加水分解したところ、粘稠沈殿が生成した。この混合アルコキシド溶液からトルエンを留去し、スラリーとした後、このスラリーに硝酸ロジウム水溶液(Rh含量:0.005モル)を加えて、室温下において1時間攪拌した。
Comparative Example 1
(Production of LaAl 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3 )
Lanthanum isopropoxide 0.100 mol Aluminum isopropoxide 0.095 mol was added to a 500 mL capacity round bottom flask, and 200 mL of toluene was added and dissolved by stirring to prepare a mixed alkoxide solution. When 200 mL of deionized water was dropped into the mixed alkoxide solution and hydrolyzed, a viscous precipitate was formed. Toluene was distilled off from the mixed alkoxide solution to form a slurry, and an aqueous rhodium nitrate solution (Rh content: 0.005 mol) was added to the slurry, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour.
次いで、水を減圧下において留去乾固して前駆体を得た。これを、大気中、電気炉にて、950℃、2時間熱処理(焼成)を行ない、LaAl0.95Rh0.05O3からなるRh含有イルメナイト型複合酸化物(Rh含有量:2.36重量%)を得た。
なお、この粉末は、X線回折の結果、LaAl0.95Rh0.05O3からなるRh含有イルメナイト型複合酸化物の単一結晶相を有していることが確認された。
Next, water was distilled off to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain a precursor. This was heat-treated (fired) at 950 ° C. for 2 hours in an electric furnace in the atmosphere, and an Rh-containing ilmenite-type composite oxide (Rh content: 2.36) composed of LaAl 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3. % By weight).
As a result of X-ray diffraction, this powder was confirmed to have a single crystal phase of an Rh-containing ilmenite type complex oxide composed of LaAl 0.95 Rh 0.05 O 3 .
試験例1
TEM(透過型電子顕微鏡)による観察
実施例2で得られた粉末を、酸化処理(大気中、800℃で1時間熱処理)後、還元処理(10%H2を含有するN2ガス中、800℃で1時間熱処理)し、さらに、再酸化処理(大気中、800℃で1時間熱処理)した。酸化処理、還元処理後および再酸化処理後において、TEM(透過型電子顕微鏡)を用いて、粉末を観察した。その結果を図1〜3に示す。
Test example 1
Observation by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) The powder obtained in Example 2 was subjected to an oxidation treatment (heat treatment at 800 ° C. for 1 hour in the air), followed by reduction treatment (800% in N 2 gas containing 10% H 2 ). And heat treatment at 800 ° C. for 1 hour). The powder was observed using a TEM (transmission electron microscope) after the oxidation treatment, the reduction treatment, and the re-oxidation treatment. The results are shown in FIGS.
図1〜3からわかるように、酸化処理後においては、Rhが、イルメナイト型の結晶構造中において固溶している状態が観察された。また、還元処理後においては、Rhが、イルメナイト型の結晶構造から析出している状態が観察された。さらに、再酸化処理後においては、Rhが、再びイルメナイト型の結晶構造中において固溶している状態が観察された。 As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, after the oxidation treatment, it was observed that Rh was dissolved in the ilmenite type crystal structure. In addition, after the reduction treatment, it was observed that Rh was precipitated from the ilmenite type crystal structure. Furthermore, after re-oxidation treatment, it was observed that Rh was again dissolved in the ilmenite type crystal structure.
これらのことより、実施例2で得られた粉末では、酸化雰囲気下での固溶および還元雰囲気下での析出を繰り返す自己再生機能を発現できることが確認された。
貴金属固溶量の測定
各実施例および比較例で得られた粉末を、酸化処理後および還元処理後のそれぞれにおいて、実施例1においては、7重量%フッ酸水溶液に、実施例2および比較例1においては、5重量%塩酸水溶液に溶解し、室温下、20時間放置後、各溶液を、0.1μmφのフィルターによりろ過した。ろ液に溶解している貴金属量を、ICP(高周波誘導結合プラズマ)発光分析法により定量分析し、残渣における貴金属を、XRD(X線回折)−SEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)分析法により定性分析した。これらの結果から、酸化処理後および還元処理後における貴金属固溶量を算出した。また、酸化処理後における貴金属固溶量と還元処理後における貴金属固溶量との差から、貴金属の析出量を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。
From these results, it was confirmed that the powder obtained in Example 2 can exhibit a self-regenerating function that repeats solid solution in an oxidizing atmosphere and precipitation in a reducing atmosphere.
Measurement of precious metal solid solution amount The powder obtained in each Example and Comparative Example was subjected to an oxidation treatment and a reduction treatment, in Example 1, in a 7 wt% hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution, in Example 2 and Comparative Example. In No. 1, the sample was dissolved in a 5% by weight aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 hours, and then each solution was filtered through a 0.1 μmφ filter. The amount of precious metal dissolved in the filtrate is quantitatively analyzed by ICP (radio frequency inductively coupled plasma) emission spectrometry, and the precious metal in the residue is qualitatively analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) -SEM (scanning electron microscope) analysis. did. From these results, the amount of noble metal solid solution after the oxidation treatment and after the reduction treatment was calculated. Further, the amount of precious metal deposited was calculated from the difference between the amount of precious metal solid solution after the oxidation treatment and the amount of precious metal solid solution after the reduction treatment. The results are shown in Table 1.
なお、上記の方法においては、7重量%フッ酸水溶液への粉末の溶解時において、フッ化物(フッ化カルシウムなど)の残渣が生成したが、イルメナイト型結晶構造中に固溶していた貴金属は、溶解したため、溶液中の貴金属の濃度を測定することにより、イルメナイト型の結晶構造中に固溶している貴金属の比率を求めることができた。 In the above method, a residue of fluoride (calcium fluoride or the like) was generated when the powder was dissolved in a 7 wt% hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution. However, the noble metal dissolved in the ilmenite crystal structure was Therefore, by measuring the concentration of the noble metal in the solution, the ratio of the noble metal dissolved in the ilmenite type crystal structure could be obtained.
Claims (2)
一般式(1)
AB 1−x M x O 3 (1)
(式中、Aは、Feおよび/またはMgを示し、Bは、Tiを示し、Mは、貴金属から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を示し、xは、0<x<1の範囲を示す。)
で示されることを特徴とする、排ガス浄化用触媒組成物。 An ilmenite-type composite oxide containing a noble metal, wherein the noble metal is solid-dissolved in the ilmenite-type composite oxide in an oxidizing atmosphere, and is precipitated from the ilmenite-type composite oxide in a reducing atmosphere ,
General formula (1)
AB 1-x M x O 3 (1)
(In the formula, A represents Fe and / or Mg, B represents Ti, M represents at least one element selected from precious metals, and x represents a range of 0 <x <1. )
The catalyst composition for exhaust gas purification characterized by these.
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