JP4808997B2 - Fluid machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The invention relates to a fluid machine according to the preamble of claim 1 or 4, in particular to an exhaust-driven supercharger.

  This type of fluid machine is known from US Pat. That is, Patent Document 1 discloses a fluid machine in the form of a radial compressor. The machine has a shaft supported in a bearing housing in the longitudinal central region, which shaft supports a turbine runner and a radial compressor impeller at the end protruding from the bearing. The impeller is driven by a turbine runner, has a hub that is fixedly coupled to the shaft, and has blades that project radially on the outer peripheral surface of the hub. The outer contour of the hub, together with the inner contour of the compressor housing, forms a flow path that turns from the axial direction to the radial direction and narrows outward. The cross-sectional shape of this flow path corresponds to the shape of a blade. The compressor housing is fixed to the bearing housing by a rigid fixing device. The hub and vane diameters increase from the flow inlet to the outlet, resulting in a longitudinal profile that is asymmetric with respect to the central cross section of the compressor impeller and a correspondingly increased mass distribution over the length of the compressor impeller. ing.

  The compressor impeller of such a fluid machine is significantly weakened to the extent that damage to the compressor impeller is unavoidable due to corrosion, erosion and deterioration after long-term operation under adverse operating conditions. When the compressor impeller breaks, the compressor impeller breaks into a few large pieces, which are thrown outwards with considerable centrifugal force. At this time, the fragments pop out of the compressor housing. A small fluid machine can reliably receive the above-mentioned impact or force by a relatively large wall thickness and a rigid housing part. However, in large fluid machines, the wall thickness of the housing is usually reduced for reasons of casting technology, so that at the time of breakage as described above, the material or substance breakage limit is reached quickly and the housing breaks. At that time, fragments and parts of the compressor impeller can jump out of the fluid machine and cause a large chain breakage. Since the so-called containment protection of the entire fluid machine is harmed by the ejection of fragments and parts of the compressor impeller, it is necessary to prevent breakage.

In order to guarantee the containment protection of the fluid machine outside the spiral housing part, without the auxiliary destruction protection body, Patent Document 1 discloses that the compressor housing is divided into two parts, an outer spiral housing part and an insertion housing part. Propose to form with structure. The spiral housing portion has a channel portion that turns radially outward of the channel. The insert housing part is located radially between the outer spiral housing part and the compressor impeller. The inner contour of the insert housing portion, together with the outer contour of the compressor impeller hub, forms a channel portion that extends substantially in the axial direction of the channel. The spiral housing portion comprises an inner cylinder that at least partially surrounds the insertion housing portion. The insert housing portion is attached to the inner cylinder with a flexible locking device to form a cavity. The rigid fixing device for the compressor housing or the spiral housing part to the bearing housing is formed by a rigid flange joint to the bearing housing of the spiral housing part. The flexible fastening device of the insertion housing part to the outer spiral housing part is formed by an elongated bolt joint that extends axially through the inner cylinder of the spiral housing part.

The flexible locking device used to secure the insertion housing portion to the spiral housing portion has less puncture resistance than the rigid locking device to the hydromechanical bearing housing of the outer spiral housing portion. For this reason, in Patent Document 1, a so-called “collision buffer area (crash section)” is provided in the spiral housing portion to reliably prevent broken impeller fragments and parts from popping out. In the case of the fluid machine of Patent Document 1, forces and torques acting in the axial and radial directions are already reliably absorbed or received. However, in the fluid machine disclosed in Patent Document 1, the flexible fixing device used for fixing the insertion housing portion to the spiral housing portion may be damaged by a force acting in the circumferential direction during energy absorption. In this case, the compressor impeller fragments and parts may pop out, and the containment protection of the fluid machine is no longer guaranteed.
European Patent Application No. 1233190

  In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new fluid machine with great containment protection.

This problem can be solved by the fluid machine according to claim 1. According to the invention, a flexible fixing device for fixing an insertion housing part to a spiral housing part has at least one elongated reamer bolt, the reamer bolt or each reamer bolt being fitted with at least one elongated shaft part. The extension reamer bolt or the fitting pin portion of each extension reamer bolt is guided by pressure fitting at least in the flange portion or hole of the insertion housing portion and the spiral housing portion so as to receive a force acting in the circumferential direction.

  An embodiment according to the invention of a fluid machine is shown in the independent claim 4.

  Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be seen from the dependent claims and the following description of the examples.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The present invention relates to details of a fluid machine, in particular an exhaust-driven supercharger, comprising a compressor housing formed from an outer spiral housing part and an insertion housing part. The insertion housing part is fixed to the outer spiral housing part via a flexible and releasable fixing device, ie a bolt joint. A fluid machine with a flexible and releasable fastening device to the outer spiral housing part of the insertion housing part is known from US Pat. Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, only the details different from the fluid machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 of the fluid machine according to the present invention will be described.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a fluid machine according to the invention in the form of a radial compressor of an exhaust-driven supercharger. The shaft 1 of this fluid machine supports a turbine runner (not shown) and a radial compressor impeller 2 at the end protruding from the bearing. The impeller 2 has a hub 3 that is non-rotatably coupled (spline coupled) on a shaft 1 that is driven by a turbine runner. A blade 4 projecting radially is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hub 3. The compressor housing comprises an outer spiral housing part 5 and an insert housing part 6, which comprises an inner cylinder 7 that at least partially surrounds the insert housing part 6. The insert housing part 6 is attached to the inner cylinder 7 by means of a flexible and releasable fixing device 8. FIG. 1 shows an end face 9 of the insertion housing part 6.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the flexible and releasable securing device 8 of the insertion housing part 6 to the outer spiral housing part 5 has a plurality of elongated reamer bolts 10. The reamer bolt 10 includes a fitting pin portion 12 in addition to the extension shaft portion 11.

In FIG. 2, the mating pin portion 12 of each stretched reamer bolt 10 acts effectively on the one hand at the flange portion of the insert housing part 6 and on the other hand at the inner cylinder 7 in pieces. Therefore, the diameter of the fitting pin portion 12 of each stretched reamer bolt 10 can be arbitrarily determined, and as a result, the diameter can be inserted into the hole in the insertion housing portion 6 and the inner cylinder 7 by pressure fitting. Since the force acting in the circumferential direction can be reliably received via the fitting pin portion 12 of each stretched reamer bolt 10, the fixing device 8 can be reliably prevented from being damaged even when a large force acts in the circumferential direction. The fitting pin portion 12 of the stretch reamer bolt 10 prevents the stretch reamer bolt 10 from shearing. The extension shaft portion 11 of each extension reamer bolt 10 reliably receives an axial force. When the stretch reamer bolt 10 is used as the fixing device 8, the containment protection of the fluid machine can be remarkably improved. FIG. 1 shows only the bolt head 13 of the elongated reamer bolt 10.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a flexible and releasable fixing device 8 for fixing the insertion housing part 6 to the outer spiral housing part 5. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the fixing device 8 has a plurality of normal extension bolts 15, and a force absorbing element 14 is attached to each extension bolt 15. These elements 14 are used to receive a force acting in the circumferential direction and, like the stretch reamer bolt 10 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, act to reliably receive a circumferential force and thus containment protection. To improve. Axial bolt 15 receives the axial force.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the fixing device 8 uses a plurality of extension bolts 15 spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The force absorbing element 14 attached to each extension bolt 15 is arranged at the same circumferential position as the extension bolt 15. As can be seen in particular in FIG. 3, these force-absorbing elements 14 are arranged between the inner cylinder 7 of the outer spiral housing part 5 and the insertion housing part 6. The force-absorbing element 14 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 may be formed as a spring element, ie an adjustment spring.

4-7 show different embodiments of a fluid machine according to the present invention. 4-7, the flexible and releasable securing device 8 for securing the insert housing part 6 to the outer spiral housing part 5 comprises a plurality of conventional stretches spaced circumferentially from one another. It has a bolt 15 and a plurality of additional force absorbing elements 16. This element 16 is also used in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 7 to receive a force acting in the circumferential direction and thus to increase containment protection. The axial force is again received by the stretch bolt 15.

4-7, the force-absorbing elements 16 are respectively provided between the extension bolts 15 spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The element 16 engages and fits in a corresponding recess in the inner cylinder 7 of the insert housing part 6 and the outer spiral housing part 5. The force absorbing element 16 of the embodiment of FIGS. 4-7 is formed as a bolt or pin portion.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, protrusions 7 extending in the radial direction and acting as other force absorbing elements are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion housing portion 6 in the circumferential direction, and the protrusions 7 are arranged on the inner side. It engages and engages in corresponding recesses in the cylinder 7 or the spiral housing part 5 to form another or auxiliary fixing device for the insert housing part 6 to the spiral housing part 5. The protrusion 7 receives or absorbs a force acting in the circumferential direction, thus improving the containment protection of the fluid machine.

  Incidentally, the protrusion 17 shown in FIG. 7 with respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 7 can of course be adopted in the embodiments of FIGS.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the fluid machine of the present invention in which the extension bolt 15 of the embodiment of FIGS. A force-absorbing element 19 that receives an axial force is provided between the bolt head 13 of the headed stud 18 and the front or end face 9 of the insertion housing part 6. Accordingly, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the extension bolt is replaced with a normal headed stud. The force absorbing element 19 may be formed as a spring element or an extension bush and the spring element as a disc spring. The force absorbing element 19 in FIG. 8 is used to receive an axial force as described above. Here, the circumferential force reception according to the present invention may be performed as described in the embodiments of FIGS.

  The fluid machine according to the invention is characterized by a special configuration of a flexible and releasable fixing device used to fix the insertion housing part to the spiral housing part. Forces and torques acting in the axial direction as well as in the circumferential direction are reliably received by this fixing device. For the first time, a force acting in the circumferential direction is also reliably received, and as a result, shearing of the flexible fixing device can be reliably prevented. The radial force is mainly received by the insert housing part. Improved containment protection for fluid machinery. Since the coupling between the insertion housing part and the spiral housing part is made releasable, it is possible to remove the spiral housing part from the spiral housing part without having to disassemble the flexible housing part after releasing the fixing device. Since it can be removed, it is a convenient configuration for maintenance and inspection. Furthermore, the processing of the compressor impeller is facilitated.

The partial front view of the coupling | bond part of the outer spiral housing part and insertion housing part of the compressor housing in 1st Example of the fluid machine based on this invention. Sectional drawing along the II-II line | wire in FIG. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the joint between the outer spiral housing part and the insertion housing part of the compressor housing in a second embodiment of the fluid machine according to the invention. The partial front view of the coupling | bond part of the outer spiral housing part and insertion housing part of the compressor housing in 3rd Example of the fluid machine based on this invention. Sectional drawing along the VV line in FIG. Sectional drawing along the VI-VI line in FIG. Sectional drawing along the VII-VII line in FIG. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIGS. 2, 3, and 5 of the joint of the outer spiral housing part and the insert housing part of the compressor housing in different embodiments of the fluid machine according to the invention.

1 shaft, 2 compressor impeller, 3 hub, 4 blades, 5 spiral housing part, 6 insertion housing part, 7 inner cylinder, 8 fixing device, 9 end face, 10 extension reamer bolt, 11 extension shaft part, 12 fitting pin part, 13 bolt head, 14, 16, 19 force-absorbing element, 15 extension bolt, 17 protrusion, 18 headed stud

Claims (12)

A radial flow compressor impeller (2) is disposed in a compressor housing provided on a shaft (1) supported in the bearing housing and provided with a worm-like flow path, and the hub of the compressor impeller (2) The outer contour and the inner contour of the compressor housing form a flow path that turns radially from the axial direction, the compressor housing being formed of an outer spiral housing portion (5) and an insert housing portion (6), the outer spiral housing The part (5) is fixed to the bearing housing by a rigid fixing device, and the insertion housing part (6) is arranged between the spiral housing part (5) and the compressor impeller (2) and by the flexible fixing device (8) In a fluid machine with a radial compressor impeller fixed to a spiral housing part (5),
The flexible fixing device (8) for fixing the insertion housing part (6) to the spiral housing part (5) has at least one stretch reamer bolt (10), which reamer bolt (10) is at least one stretch shaft. (11) and a fitting pin portion (12), the extension shaft portion (11) has flexibility to receive an axial force, and the fitting pin portion (12) has a circumference. Fluid machine characterized in that it is guided by pressure fitting at least in the flanges or holes of the insertion housing part (6) and the spiral housing part (5) to receive a force acting in the direction.   The spiral housing portion (5) comprises an inner cylinder (7) that at least partially surrounds the insert housing portion (6), the insert housing portion (6) extending into the inner cylinder (7) or each extending reamer bolt (10). The fitting pin portion (12) of the elongated reamer bolt (10) is attached so as to be guided by a pressure fit in the flange portion or hole of the inner cylinder (7) and the insertion housing portion (6). The fluid machine according to claim 1. A plurality of circumferentially spaced projections are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion housing portion, the projections being recessed in the inner peripheral surface of the spiral housing portion to engage and couple the insertion housing portion to the spiral housing portion. The fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein the fluid machine is engaged with the fluid machine. A radial flow compressor impeller (2) is disposed in a compressor housing provided on a shaft (1) supported in the bearing housing and provided with a worm-like flow path, and the hub of the compressor impeller (2) The outer contour and the inner contour of the compressor housing form a flow path that turns radially from the axial direction, the compressor housing being formed of an outer spiral housing portion (5) and an insert housing portion (6), the outer spiral housing The part (5) is fixed to the bearing housing by a rigid fixing device, the insertion housing part (6) is arranged between the spiral housing part (5) and the compressor impeller (2) and the flexible fixing device (8) by being fixed to the spiral housing part (5), flexible fixation device for fixing the housing part spiral insert housing portion (6) (5) (8) an axial force In kicking fluid machine radial flow compressor with impeller having at least one bolt,
Fluidic machine, characterized in that the flexible fixing device (8) comprises, in addition to the bolt, at least one force-absorbing element (14, 16) that is flexible to receive a force acting in the circumferential direction .   The flexible fixing device (8) has a plurality of bolts and a plurality of force-absorbing elements (16) distributed in the circumferential direction, and one force-absorbing element (16) is provided between the adjacent bolts in the circumferential direction. The fluid machine according to claim 4, wherein the fluid machine is arranged.   6. The fluid machine according to claim 5, wherein the force absorbing element is formed as a bolt or a pin part.   The flexible fixing device (8) has a plurality of bolts distributed in the circumferential direction and a plurality of force absorbing elements (14), and each bolt is provided with a force absorbing element (14), and the force absorbing element ( A fluid machine according to claim 4, characterized in that 14) is placed in the circumferential position of each bolt between the inner cylinder (7) of the spiral housing part (5) and the insertion housing part (6).   8. Fluid machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the force-absorbing element (14) is formed as a spring element.   Protrusions (17) that act as force-absorbing elements that are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion housing part (6), and the protrusions (17) swirl the insertion housing part (6). 9. A fluid machine as claimed in one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that it engages in a corresponding recess in the inner peripheral surface of the spiral housing part (5) for meshing engagement with the part (5). 10. Fluid machine according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the bolt is formed as an extension bolt (15) which is flexible to receive an axial force .   5. The bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that the bolt is formed as a headed stud (18), which is provided with at least one force-absorbing element (19) for receiving an axially acting force. 10. The fluid machine according to one of the nine.   Each headed stud bolt (18) has at least one force absorbing element (19) for receiving an axially acting force, the element (19) of each headed stud bolt (18) in the assembled state. 12. The fluid machine according to claim 11, wherein the fluid machine is provided so as to be positioned between the bolt head (13) and the end face (9) of the insertion housing part (6).

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