JP4805090B2 - Steering device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steering device capable of enhancing the operability by combining the longitudinal movement with the rotational movement of an operation element. <P>SOLUTION: The steering device 1 comprises a first bevel gear 6 which is rotated by the longitudinal movement of grips 102L, 102R and revolved by the rotation around the longitudinal axes of the grips 102L, 102R, a second bevel gear 7 to be engaged with the first bevel gear 6, a turning mechanism 11 for turning a wheel according to the rotation of a steering shaft 5 connected to the second bevel gear 7, and a guide mechanism 12 for rotating the grips 102L, 102R according to the longitudinal movement of the grips 102L, 102R. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a steering device for a vehicle or the like.

  Conventionally, as a manipulator in a steering apparatus such as a vehicle, a rotary handle type has been generally used because of its simple structure. However, the rotary handle type has not been sufficiently satisfactory in terms of operability.

Therefore, various steering devices have been developed for the purpose of improving operability. For example, in Patent Document 1, a pair of left and right child bevel gears are meshed with a parent bevel gear fixed to the rear end of the steering shaft, and the two child bevel gears are synchronized so that they can revolve around the rotation center axis of the parent bevel gear. A steering device is disclosed in which each of the child bevel gears is configured to be able to rotate in association with the revolution, and an operation element is provided on each rotation shaft of each child bevel gear.
In the steering apparatus configured as described above, the driver can operate the moving element in a spherical shape with the elbow position as the center without moving the elbow position.
JP 2005-277772 A

  However, as in the steering device described above, it is difficult to produce a force by a steering motion with the elbow position fixed, and the operation range is narrow, and the steering shaft rotation angle is small. It is difficult to steer the wheels by connecting to the wheel. Therefore, it has been unavoidable to use a so-called steer-by-wire steering system in which the rotation angle of the steering shaft is detected by a sensor and the steering mechanism is operated based on the sensor output.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a steering device that can improve operability by combining the forward and backward movement and the rotational movement of an operator.

The steering device according to the present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the operation element (for example, the grips 102L and 102R, the round handle 103, the grips 107L and 107R in the embodiments described later ) is arranged in the axial direction of the steering shaft (for example, the steering shaft 5 in the embodiments described later). a first gear (e.g., first bevel gear 6 in the embodiment) which together rotates by moving back and forth along revolves by rotating the operating element in the axial center around the steering shaft, the A second gear fixed to the steering shaft and meshed with the first gear (for example, a second bevel gear 7 in an embodiment described later), and a steering mechanism (for example, to be described later) that steers the wheel according to the rotation of the steering shaft. Steering mechanism 11) according to an embodiment Location (e.g., a steering apparatus 1 in the embodiment) is.
With this configuration, when the operating element is moved in the front-rear direction along the axial direction of the steering shaft to rotate the first gear, the steering shaft is rotated together with the second gear meshed with the first gear. The wheel can be steered via the steering mechanism. Further, when the operation element is rotated about the axis of the steering shaft to cause the first gear to revolve, the first gear and the second gear do not rotate relative to each other, and the revolving motion of the first gear directly affects the second gear. The steering shaft rotates together with the second gear, and the wheels can be steered via the steering mechanism. That is, the wheel can be steered by moving the operating element back and forth or rotating the operating element.

The invention according to claim 2, in the invention described in claim 1, wherein the guide mechanism for rotating the said operator in accordance with the longitudinal movement to the axial center around the steering shaft of the operator (e.g., later performed A guide mechanism 12) in the example is provided.
By configuring in this way, it is possible to smoothly connect the turning by the back and forth movement of the operation element and the turning by the rotation of the operation element.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the wheel can be steered even if the operating element is moved back and forth or the operating element is rotated, so that the operability is improved and the burden on the driver is reduced. Fatigue can be reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to smoothly connect the turning by the movement of the operation element back and forth and the turning by the rotation of the operation element.

  Embodiments of a steering apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings of FIGS. In addition, each Example demonstrated below is an aspect of the steering apparatus for vehicles.

[Example 1]
First, a first embodiment of a steering apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a vehicle steering apparatus 1. The steering apparatus 1 is fixed to a vehicle body and has a rear end disposed in front of a driver's seat and a steering column 2. A housing 3 that is movably attached, a turning shaft 4 that is turnably attached to the housing 3, a steering shaft 5 that is inserted through the steering column 2 and the housing 3, and that has a rear end extending in the vicinity of the turning shaft 4. A first bevel gear (first gear) 6 fixed to the rotating shaft 4 in the housing 3; a second bevel gear (second gear) 7 fixed to the rear end of the steering shaft 5 and meshed with the first bevel gear 6; A pair of guide rods 9L and 9R having a pinion 8 fixed to the rotation shaft 4 in the housing 3 and a rack 91 meshing with the pinion 8; An operation portion 100 connected to the rotating shaft 4 projecting from Ujingu 3, a steering mechanism 11 that is linked to the steering shaft 5, as main components.

  In the following description, the front-rear direction refers to a direction along the axial direction (X direction in FIG. 1) of the steering shaft 5 and does not necessarily coincide with the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. Further, the rear means the side where the second bevel gear 7 is attached in the steering shaft 5, and the front means the side away from the second bevel gear 7.

Each configuration will be described below.
The housing 3 is partially broken in FIG. 1 and thus appears to be open on the upper side, but is actually closed as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. The housing 3 includes a rectangular box-shaped gear box 31 that houses the first bevel gear 6, the second bevel gear 7, the pinion 8, and the like, and a cylindrical tube portion 32 through which the steering shaft 5 is inserted. The rear end of the tube portion 32 is inserted into the steering column 2 and is attached to the steering column 2 via a bearing 33 so as to be rotatable and non-detachable.

  The steering shaft 5 is rotatably supported by the tube portion 32 of the housing 3 via bearings 51 and 52, and a front end of the steering shaft 5 steers a steered wheel (for example, a front wheel) of a vehicle. It is connected to the mechanism 11. The steered mechanism 11 is a well-known technique, and there is no particular limitation on the configuration as long as it has a function of steering the steered wheels.

The rotation shaft 4 is arranged so that the axis center thereof is orthogonal to the axis center extension line of the steering shaft 5, passes through the gear box 31 of the housing 3, and is freely rotatable to the gear box 31 via bearings 41 and 42. And it is attached so that it cannot be detached.
A first bevel gear 6 is fixed to the rotating shaft 4, and the first bevel gear 6 meshes with a second bevel gear 7 fixed to the rear end of the steering shaft 5. When the rotation shaft 4 is rotated about its axis, the first bevel gear 6 is also rotated integrally, and the second bevel gear 7 that is meshed with the first bevel gear 6 is further rotated. In FIG. 1, the first bevel gear 6 is shown in a cutaway manner, but the first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 7 are both formed in a circular shape.
Thus, since the second bevel gear 7 is connected to the steering mechanism 11 via the steering shaft 5, the steering mechanism 11 steers the wheel according to the rotation of the second bevel gear 7.

The pinion 8 is fixed to the lower side of the first bevel gear 6 on the rotating shaft 4, and the pinion 8 also rotates together with the rotating shaft 4 when the rotating shaft 4 is rotated around its axis. In addition, illustration of the pinion 8 is abbreviate | omitted in FIG.
The operation unit 100 includes a connection plate 101 disposed and fixed at a lower end of the rotation shaft 4 penetrating the gear box 31 so as to be orthogonal to the rotation shaft 4, and an axis provided at both ends of the connection plate 101. The grip (operator) 102L and 102R are arranged in parallel with the rotating shaft 4. That is, the left and right grips 102 </ b> L and 102 </ b> R are connected to the rotating shaft 4 by the connecting plate 101. The grips 102L and 102R may be fixed with respect to the connecting plate 101, but may be attached so as to be rotatable around the axial centers of the grips 102L and 102R.
In the first embodiment, the driver grips the grips 102L and 102R and rotates the connecting plate 101 around the axis of the rotation shaft 4 to move the grips 102L and 102R in the front-rear direction.

  The guide rods 9L and 9R are arranged in parallel to each other with the pinion 8 interposed therebetween, extend each axis in the front-rear direction, and slidably pass through openings 34 and 34 provided in the rear wall 33 of the gear box 31, respectively. The outer side of the tube part 32 is arranged in parallel to the steering shaft 5.

  Each of the guide rods 9L and 9R includes a rack 91 that meshes with the pinion 8 at each rear end thereof, and the guide rods 9L and 9R move in the front-rear and reverse directions when the rotation shaft 4 is rotated about its axis. For example, when the rotation shaft 4 is rotated to the right in FIG. 2 around the axis center, the guide rod 9L moves forward and the guide rod 9R moves backward.

Further, the guide rods 9L and 9R each include a cylindrical guide roller 92 having the same diameter and rotatably supported at each front end thereof. The guide roller 92 is a guide surface formed at the rear end of the steering column 2. Roll 21. In this embodiment, the guide rods 9L and 9R and the guide surface 21 constitute the guide mechanism 12.
The guide surface 21 is composed of two flat surfaces 22 and 23 that are arranged stepwise in the axial direction of the steering shaft 5 and a curved surface 24 that connects the flat surfaces 22 and 23. The planes 22 and 23 are provided in a posture orthogonal to the steering shaft 5, and the upper plane (hereinafter referred to as the upper plane) 22 is positioned forward of the lower plane (hereinafter referred to as the lower plane) 23. is doing.

As shown in FIG. 4, the curved surface 24 includes a concave curved surface 24 a having a ¼ arc and a convex curved surface 24 b having a ¼ arc, and is connected so that the lower end of the concave curved surface 24 a and the upper end of the convex curved surface 24 b share a tangent line. The upper end of the concave curved surface 24 a is connected to the upper plane 22, and the lower end of the convex curved surface 24 b is connected to the lower plane 23. In this embodiment, when the guide roller 92 having the radius r ₀ rolls between the upper plane 22 and the lower plane 23 via the curved surface 24, the locus of the rotation center of the guide roller 92 ( In FIG. 4, the radius of the concave curved surface 24 a is set to “R ₀ + r ₀ ” so that the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4 is a curve connecting a ¼ convex arc and a ¼ concave arc having the same radius R _{0 in} a side view. The radius of the convex curved surface 24b is set to “R ₀ −r ₀ ”. For convenience of the following description, the boundary point (inflection point) between the convex arc and the concave arc in the locus of the rotation center of the guide roller 92 is referred to as a neutral point N.

  Next, the operation of the steering device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. Here, for convenience of explanation, a stationary coordinate system XYZ fixed to the vehicle body and a dynamic coordinate system X′Y′Z ′ fixed to the housing 3 are set. The origin of the stationary coordinate system XYZ and the origin of the dynamic coordinate system X′Y′Z ′ are the same, and are the intersection of the axis center extension line of the steering shaft 5 and the axis center of the rotating shaft 4. The X-axis and the X′-axis are also common and set to the axial center direction of the steering shaft 5. The Y axis of the stationary coordinate system XYZ is a direction orthogonal to the X axis at the origin and extends to the left and right of the vehicle body, and the Z axis of the stationary coordinate system XYZ is a direction orthogonal to the X axis and the Y axis. The Y ′ axis of the dynamic coordinate system X′Y′Z ′ is perpendicular to the X ′ axis at the origin and extends in the left and right directions of the housing 3, and the Z ′ axis of the dynamic coordinate system X′Y′Z ′ is X ′. The direction is perpendicular to the axis and the Y ′ axis.

  In this steering apparatus 1, when the direction of the steered wheels is maintained so that the vehicle moves straight, the turning centers of the guide rollers 92 of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R are all at the neutral point N described above. It is preset to be positioned. Hereinafter, this state is referred to as a neutral state. As shown in FIG. 1, in the neutral state, the stationary coordinate system XYZ and the dynamic coordinate system X′Y′Z ′ completely coincide. Further, in this steering device 1, in the neutral state, the axis center of the rotating shaft 4 is positioned on the Z axis (Z ′ axis), and the axis centers of the grips 102L and 102R are the YZ plane (Y′-Z). It is set to be on the 'plane'.

  In this steering apparatus 1, the driver grips the left and right grips 102L and 102R and operates the operation unit 100, thereby rotating the steering shaft 5 and operating the steering mechanism 11 to steer the steered wheels. Let In the following description, the positions where the driver grips the left and right grips 102L, 102R are defined as grip points GL, GR.

In the steering apparatus 1, the driver can move the grips 102L and 102R in the front-rear direction by holding the left and right grips 102L and 102R and rotating the connecting plate 101 around the Z ′ axis of the moving coordinate system. it can. Further, by rotating the housing 3 about the X axis of the stationary coordinate system, the grips 102L and 102R can be rotated about the X axis of the stationary coordinate system. The movement trajectories of the grip points GL and GR at that time exist on a spherical surface centered on the origin of the stationary coordinate system XYZ.
Accordingly, the first bevel gear 6 rotates by the movement of the grips 102L and 102R in the front-rear direction (movement in the X-axis direction), and moves back and forth by the rotation of the grips 102L and 102R about the rotation direction in the front-rear direction (X-axis direction). Revolve around the direction (X-axis direction) as the center of rotation.

The pitch bevel radii of the first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 7 are r ₁ and r ₂ , respectively, and the rotation angle about the X axis of the housing 3 with respect to the vehicle body (in other words, the rotation of the grips 102L and 102R about the X axis with respect to the vehicle body). The angle of the steering shaft 5 relative to the vehicle body is ψ, and the rotation angle around the Z ′ axis of the connecting plate 101 relative to the housing 3 (in other words, the rotation angle around the Z ′ axis of the grips 102L and 102R relative to the housing 3) is φ. The rotation angle θ around the X axis is expressed by Expression (1).
θ = ψ + (r ₁ / r ₂ ) · φ Equation (1)

Assuming that the guide mechanism 12 is not provided, both the rotation of the connecting plate 101 around the Z ′ axis and the rotation of the housing 3 around the X axis can be performed without any restriction. The points GL and GR can move freely on the spherical surface.
On the other hand, since the steering device 1 of this embodiment includes the guide mechanism 12, it is possible to apply a certain restriction to the operation direction of the grips 102L and 102R, thereby further improving the operability. . This will be described in detail below.

  In the neutral state in which the vehicle is traveling straight, both the left and right guide rollers 92 are located at the neutral point N. Therefore, at this time, the housing 3 cannot be rotated around the X axis. However, the connecting plate 101 can be rotated around the Z ′ axis. Therefore, when the steered wheels are steered from the neutral state, the grips 102L and 102R are first rotated around the Z ′ axis to move the grips 102L and 102R in the front-rear direction.

For example, when the connecting plate 101 is rotated to the right in FIG. 2 around the Z ′ axis in order to turn the vehicle to the right, the rotating shaft 4 and the first bevel gear 6 are also rotated to the right in synchronism with the connecting plate 101. The second bevel gear 7 meshing with the one bevel gear 6 rotates clockwise around the X axis when viewed from the rear, and as a result, the steering shaft 5 rotates clockwise around the X axis. At the same time, since the pinion 8 rotates clockwise together with the rotating shaft 4, the left guide rod 9L moves forward and the right guide rod 9R moves rearward due to the engagement of the pinion 8 and each rack 91. As a result, the left guide The guide roller 92 of the rod 9L rolls on the concave curved surface 24a of the guide surface 21 and climbs upward, and the guide roller 92 of the right guide rod 9R rolls on the convex curved surface 24b of the guide surface 21 and descends downward. Go. As a result, the guide rods 9L and 9R rotate clockwise with respect to the vehicle body from the rear about the X axis, and the housing 3 that engages with the guide rods 9L and 9R also rotates clockwise.
That is, by rotating the connecting plate 101 around the Z ′ axis and moving the grips 102L and 102R in the front-rear direction, the housing 3 is rotated around the X axis, that is, the grips 102L and 102R are rotated around the X axis. .

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the guide roller 92 of the left guide rod 9L climbs up the concave curved surface 24a to reach the upper flat surface 22, and at the same time, the guide roller 92 of the right guide rod 9R also has a convex curved surface. It goes down 24 b and reaches the lower plane 23. When the guide roller 92 of the left guide rod 9L hits the upper plane 22, the left guide rod 9L is prevented from further advancement, so that the connecting plate 101 (that is, the grips 102L and 102R) is rotated around the Z ′ axis. I can't do that.

Immediately after the guide roller 92 reaches the upper flat surface 22 and the lower flat surface 23, the guide roller 92 of the left guide rod 9L rolls on the upper flat surface 22 so that it can rotate right and cannot rotate left, and the rotation direction is restricted. Is done.
Further, while the guide rollers 92 of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R are positioned on the upper plane 22 and the lower plane 23, the connecting plate 101 cannot be rotated around the Z ′ axis, and the housing 3 It can be rotated only around the axis. 1, 2, and 4, the alternate long and two short dashes line indicates the movement locus of the guide roller 92.
As described above, when the housing 3 is rotated only around the X axis, the first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 7 are locked without being relatively rotated. Thus, the steering shaft 5 rotates around the X axis.

When the left and right guide rollers 92, 92 are positioned on the upper plane 22 and the lower plane 23 to return to the neutral state, the guide rollers 92, the guide rods 9L, 9R, the housing 3, and the connecting plate 101 are used. The operations of the grips 102L and 102R are all operations opposite to those described above.
When the vehicle is turned left, the connecting plate 101 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 2 around the Z ′ axis from the neutral state. In this case, the operation of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R is the above-mentioned right turn. The opposite is true.

  8 to 10 show the left and right grip points GL and GR when the connecting plate 101 is rotated rightward in FIG. 9 about the Z ′ axis and subsequently the housing 3 is rotated rightward about the X axis when viewed from the rear. The movement trajectory (broken line in the figure) is shown. As is clear from this figure, in this steering device 1, the left and right grips 102L, 102R have a combined movement of forward and backward movement and rotational movement, so that the range in which the driver's left and right arms do not interfere with each other can be expanded. And operability is improved.

  In the initial stage of steering, the driver can steer by moving the arm in the longitudinal direction, so that the driver can easily exert an operation force, the operation speed is increased, and the burden on the driver can be reduced. Can be reduced. From an ergonomic point of view, human beings can move more quickly when moving objects back and forth than when rotating objects.

Further, since the guide mechanism 12 is provided, the rotation of the connecting plate 101 around the Z ′ axis and the rotation of the housing 3 around the X axis can be smoothly shifted. As a result, the turning of the steered wheels by the longitudinal movement of the grips 102L and 102R (the forward and backward movement in the X axis direction) and the turning of the steered wheels by the rotation of the grips 102L and 102R around the X axis can be smoothly connected. , Operability is improved.
Further, the guide mechanism 12 has a rotation direction around the Z ′ axis of the connecting plate 101 (that is, a moving direction before and after the grips 102L and 102R) and a rotation direction around the X axis of the housing 3 (that is, the X of the grips 102L and 102R). The rotation direction around the axis can be made regular, and the operability is improved.

[Example 2]
Next, a second embodiment of the steering apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS. The steering device 1 of the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in the cross-sectional shape of the guide surface 21 in the steering column 2.
As shown in FIG. 11, in the guide surface 21 in the second embodiment, the surface connecting the upper plane 22 and the lower plane 23 is not a curved surface as in the first embodiment, but intersects the two planes 22 and 23 at right angles. The flat step surface 25 is formed. A position where the guide rollers 92 and 92 of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R simultaneously contact the extended surfaces of the two flat surfaces 22 and 23 is defined as a neutral point N.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same mode portions and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the steering apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment configured as described above, the operation element 100 can be rotated around the Z ′ axis from the neutral state as shown in FIG. It is also possible to rotate 3 around the X axis.

  However, when the housing 3 is first rotated around the X axis from the neutral state, one of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R is in a state of rolling on the lower plane 23. The movement direction of the guide rods 9L, 9R in the X-axis direction is restricted. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, when the housing 3 is first rotated clockwise around the X axis, the right guide rod 9R rolls on the lower flat surface 23. From this state, the connecting plate 101 Is rotated around the Z ′ axis, it cannot rotate in the counterclockwise direction, but can rotate in the clockwise direction.

  In addition, when the connecting plate 101 is first rotated around the Z ′ axis from the neutral state, if any one of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R hits the upper plane 22, the connecting plate 101 is further connected. The plate 101 can no longer be rotated around the Z ′ axis, and thereafter, the housing 3 is rotated around the X axis, or the connecting plate 101 is rotated in the reverse direction around the Z ′ axis (ie, the returning direction). Only rotation).

The restriction on the rotational direction around the X axis of the housing 3 immediately after any one of the left and right guide rods 9L and 9R hits the upper plane 22 is the same as in the first embodiment.
Further, in the steering apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, the connecting plate 101 is rotated about the Z ′ axis from the neutral state, and at the same time, the housing 3 is rotated about the X axis, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to move the N guide rollers 92 obliquely.

[Example 3]
Next, a third embodiment of the steering apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawing of FIG. The steering device 1 of the third embodiment is different from that of the second embodiment in that the operation unit 100 is a round handle (operator) 103 and both ends of the rotating shaft 4 extending in the axial center direction are connected to the round handle 103. I just did it.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same mode portions and the description thereof is omitted.

[Example 4]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the steering apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawing of FIG. The difference between the steering device 1 of the fourth embodiment and that of the second embodiment is as follows.
In the steering device 1 according to the fourth embodiment, another pinion 14 is fixed to the rotating shaft 4 below the pinion 8.
In the steering device 1 of the fourth embodiment, the operation unit 100 is divided into two left and right operation units 100L and 100R, and each operation unit 100L and 100R is supported by the housing 3 so as to be movable in the X′-axis direction. ing.

Each of the operation units 100L and 100R includes an arm 105 having a substantially L-shaped cross section, a rack 106 provided at one end of the arm 105 and meshing with the pinion 14, and an axis provided at the other end of the arm 105 in parallel with the rotation shaft 4. A grip (operator) 107L or 107R is provided.
The rack 106 is supported by the gear box 31 by inserting both sides in the axial direction thereof into a rear wall (not shown in FIG. 15) of the gear box 31 in the housing 3 and a hole 36 provided in the front wall 35. The hole 36 is slidable and attached so as to be movable along the X′-axis direction. The arm 105 also passes through a hole (not shown) provided in the bottom wall of the gear box 31, and is attached so as to be movable in the X′-axis direction within the hole.

Also in the steering device 1 of the fourth embodiment, the axial centers of the left and right grips 107L and 107R are set so as to be located on the YZ plane (Y′-Z ′ plane).
Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same mode portions and the description thereof is omitted.
In the steering apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment configured as described above, the grip points GL and GR move in the front-rear direction and rotate on the cylindrical surface having the diameter between the grip points GL and GR and the X axis as the axis center. . That is, the locus of the grip points GL and GR is not on the spherical surface but on the cylinder.

[Other Examples]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
For example, the shape of the guide surface 21 is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be set to various shapes. By changing the shape of the guide surface 21, the movement locus of the grip points GL and GR can be set as desired. can do.
Further, the steering mechanism 11 may have a configuration in which the steering shaft 5 and the steered wheels are mechanically coupled, or a so-called steer-by-wire configuration in which the steering shaft 5 and the steered wheels are mechanically interrupted. Also good.
Note that the axial direction of the steering shaft 5 may or may not be aligned with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of a steering apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the steering device of Example 1 with a part broken away. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the steering apparatus of Example 1. 6 is a side view of a guide surface in Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a partially broken operation state of the steering device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating a partially broken operation state of the steering device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a partially broken operation state of the steering device according to the first embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the movement locus | trajectory of a holding | grip point in the steering apparatus of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a movement locus of a gripping point in the steering device according to the first embodiment. It is a front view which shows the movement locus | trajectory of a holding | grip point in the steering apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is a side view of the guide surface in Example 2 of the steering device which concerns on this invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view (part 1) showing a partially broken operation state of the steering apparatus of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a perspective view (part 2) showing a partially broken operation state of the steering device of the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view partially broken away in Embodiment 3 of the steering device according to the present invention. It is a perspective view shown partially broken in Example 4 of the steering device according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Steering device 6 First bevel gear (first gear)
7 Second bevel gear (second gear)
11 Steering mechanism 12 Guide mechanism 100L, 100R, 107L, 107R Grip (operator)
103 Round handle (operator)

Claims (2)

A first gear that revolves by rotating the operating element as well as rotation by moving back and forth along the operating element in the axial direction of the steering shaft in the axial center around the steering shaft,
A second gear fixed to the steering shaft and meshing with the first gear;
A steering mechanism that steers wheels according to the rotation of the steering shaft ;
A steering apparatus comprising: Steering system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a guide mechanism for rotating the operator at the axial center around the steering shaft in association with the longitudinal movement of the operating member.

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