JP4801293B2 - Building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building in which a multistory parking lot is incorporated.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in a high-rise apartment, a hotel, or a high-rise building having a multi-story residential area or office space (hereinafter referred to as “residential area”), there is a building having a space part extending in the vertical direction inside the building. ing. In such a building, there is a case where a three-dimensional parking lot is provided in the space portion in order to effectively use the space portion.
On the other hand, in order to provide the above-mentioned multistory parking lot, it is necessary to carry out a fire prevention zone with existing living units, etc., and the Building Standards Act Enforcement Order (announced on June 1, 1999 and 2000) The standards are set forth in Article 112.
[0003]
In other words, this standard is extracted as follows: “A building with a fireproof structure as the main structure that has a total area of more than 1,000 square meters has a fireproof structure or hundredth It must be partitioned with a semi-refractory floor or wall that meets the technical standards set forth in Article 15-2, paragraph (1), item (i), or a class A fire door (1999 provisions, published on June 1, 2000) It is well-known among those skilled in the art that the provision is applied when a multi-story parking lot is provided inside the building.
[0004]
Conventionally, as a building having such a fire protection section, “a structure in which a fireproof wall is provided between a living part or the like and a multistory parking lot, and the multistory parking lot and the residential building are fireproofed by the fireproof wall” ( Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-286074), “A shared space is provided between the living part and the space part, and a first fire wall is provided between the shared space and the living part, etc. A building in which a second fireproof wall is provided between the space portion and a fireproof member is installed on the outer periphery of the multi-story parking lot in a form of forming a buffer space between the second fireproof wall ”( JP-A-7-301006) is known.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the building shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-286074, only the arrangement of the multi-story parking lot and the fireproof wall provided around the parking lot is shown. Not shown.
Moreover, in the building shown by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 7-301006, although safety can be improved by providing a 1st fire wall and a 2nd fire wall and carrying out a fireproof division double, Since a certain space is required because it is provided, there is a problem that a common space and a living part become narrow.
[0006]
Furthermore, in the building shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-301006, a horizontal parking lot provided inside and an outer building main body having a living part have horizontal forces and wind power during an earthquake. When an external force such as the above (hereinafter referred to as “earthquake force”) is applied, it may collide and break due to horizontal displacement.
As a building to which such measures are taken, there is “a building in which a multi-story parking lot and an outer building main body having a living part are connected via a viscoelastic damper” (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-284469).
[0007]
However, if the above measures are taken, stress concentration will occur in the part where the viscoelastic damper is attached, so that it must be reinforced and the structural design of the multistory parking lot must be reviewed. However, there is a problem that the cost becomes high due to the structural complexity of the building. Furthermore, another problem arises that noise generated during driving of a multi-story parking lot is transmitted as a solid propagation sound to a living part or the like via a viscoelastic damper.
[0008]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when a multilevel parking garage is provided in the interior thereof, it ensures safety against fires, earthquakes, etc. and without causing noise problems. The object of the present invention is to provide a building that has a simple structure, can easily perform maintenance of the multi-story parking lot, and does not require a restriction on the planar arrangement of the multi-story parking lot.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the building of the present invention is formed of a building main body, a multi-story parking lot, a fire wall having a fire door, and a fire slab provided on the fire wall, A fireproof structure for performing a fire-proof section between the building main body and the multi-story parking lot, and has the multi-story parking lot therein, and the multi-story parking lot is the building main unit. Is a building that is separated and self-supporting, and has a first shock absorbing member and a second shock absorbing member provided with a predetermined clearance between the building and the fireproof structure. A plurality of parts are attached to the wall surface of the multi-story parking lot with a space in the vertical direction, and the second buffer member has a smaller rebound resilience than the first buffer member, and the first buffer member Compared to the second cushioning member and the front The gap with the fireproof structure is configured to be smaller than the gap between the first shock-absorbing member and the fireproof structure, and the building body or the multi-story parking space is displaced in the horizontal direction. By this, it is comprised so that the said building main-body part, said 1st buffer member, and said 2nd buffer member may contact | abut .
[0010]
Here, the buffer member is required to be a member that can absorb energy by performing viscoelastic deformation, but there is no limitation on the number, the position where the buffer member is attached, and the size of the building. It can be appropriately determined according to the sheath shape and the like. The size of the gap between the buffer members can be set at a desired interval according to the horizontal displacement of the building main body and the multistory parking lot against a presumed seismic force or the like. What is necessary is just to set in consideration of the minimum length required for maintenance of a parking lot. Furthermore, the mounting interval of the buffer member may be one whose dimensions are changed according to the mounting position, and in addition, a plurality of types of buffer members may be provided. Incidentally, but it may also by changing the gap or shape for different types of cushioning member that case.
[0011]
In addition, the Building Standard Law stipulates that the fire prevention section may be formed as a structure having a fire door. On the other hand, the vehicle is equipped with fuel such as gasoline, but since the fuel is stored in the fuel tank, it is very rare to burn at once. In addition, even if the fuel starts to burn in a narrow space such as the inside of the refractory structure, it will not continue to burn unless fresh air is supplied from the outside. Therefore, in order for a fireproof structure having a fireproof door to meet the criteria of a fireproof section, the fireproof structure needs to have high airtightness.
As such fire doors, Class A fire doors, which have the effect of enhancing the airtightness by the expansion of the sealing material due to the heat at the time of the fire (as specified in the specific fire prevention equipment (Building Standard Act Enforcement Ordinance, Article 2009 (1999)). It is preferable to employ a class A fire door that conforms to this rule)) or use a castable fire brick having performances higher than the performance of the class A fire door.
Furthermore, in addition to high airtightness and heat insulation, it is desirable that the fire door is excellent in sound insulation, there is no restriction on the number and position, and it should be determined appropriately according to the size and shape of the building. Can do.
[0015]
Furthermore, this invention is formed from the fireproof slab provided in the upper part of the building main-body part, a multistory parking lot, a fireproof wall which has a fire door, and the said fireproof wall, The said building main-body part and the said multistory parking lot A fireproof structure for carrying out a fireproof zone between the building and the parking lot, and the parking lot is separated from the building body and is self-supporting. The building is in a state, and a first buffer member is attached in a state in which a predetermined gap is secured in one of the multistory parking lot or the fireproof structure, and the building main body or the multistory parking lot is A state in which the building main body or the multistory parking lot and the first buffer member are in contact with each other by being displaced in the horizontal direction, and the multistory parking lot and the fireproof structure are in contact with each other. With the second buffer member attached Ri, the second cushioning member may be characterized in that the rebound resilience in comparison with the first cushioning member is small.
[0016]
Here, the second buffer member is required to have a small impact resilience and a large energy absorption rate compared to the first buffer member. As a combination of such a first buffer member and a second buffer member, it is preferable to use a general hard rubber member and a low rebound rubber member, respectively.
[0017]
According to the present invention, since the second buffer member is always in direct contact with both the multi-story parking lot and the fireproof structure, when the seismic force or the like acts, When displaced in the horizontal direction, the horizontal force acting on the multilevel parking garage can be more smoothly transmitted to the building body. At this time, since the second buffer member has a smaller impact resilience than the first buffer member, even if the second buffer member is in contact with the multi-story parking lot and the fireproof structure, the second buffer member By absorbing the energy of the solid propagation sound, the fixed propagation sound can be made extremely small, so that the noise generated from the multilevel parking lot can be reduced.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the building of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the description of each embodiment, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
[0020]
[Building]
As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the building of this invention is the high-rise apartment M which has the residence part R of the multi-story which is a reinforced concrete structure. This high-rise apartment M has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a space portion V extending in the vertical direction is formed in the center of the inside, and the outer peripheral portion of the space portion V is a living portion R corresponding to a building body portion. It has become.
The living part R includes various facilities such as a service space in addition to a plurality of dwelling units.
[0021]
By the predetermined height position of the space portion V, a mechanical high-rise multilevel parking facility (hereinafter referred to as “three-dimensional parking lot P”), which is a multilevel parking lot, is separated from the living portion R and is independent and independent. Is provided. That is, the space between the multistory parking lot P and the living part R is not rigidly joined at the wall surface, and the vertical load of the multistory parking lot P is not supported on the middle floor of the living part R. .
This three-dimensional parking lot P is a flexible structure constructed using steel materials, and a plurality of parking spaces are provided inside the parking lot P.
[0022]
Since the multistory parking lot P only needs to be surrounded by a fireproof structure 40, which will be described later, supported by the living part R, there is no restriction on its installation place, and it is provided at an arbitrary position in plan view. good. However, in actual design, it is preferable to provide it in the central part of the building or in the vicinity of the wall surface from the northeast surface to the northwest surface of the building in a plan view because of the sunshine and daylighting of the living part R.
In the former case, it is preferable in terms of structure that the vehicle enters and exits the multilevel parking lot P from the basement floor, but in the latter case, a method of entering and exiting from the ground floor is preferable.
[0023]
[Fireproof structure]
An inner surface portion of the living part R on the side of the multi-story parking lot P is fireproofed by providing a fireproof structure 40, and the multistory parking lot P is surrounded by the fireproof structure 40.
The fireproof structure 40 that satisfies such conditions seals the multistory parking lot P and the fireproof wall 41 that is installed to the predetermined height of all wall surfaces R1 on the multistory parking lot P side of the living part R. Thus, the refractory slab 42 is provided on the upper surface portion of the refractory wall 41. An opening 43 is formed at a predetermined position of the fireproof wall 41, and a fire door 44 is provided in the opening 43 so as to be openable and closable.
[0024]
Fire door The fire door 44 is formed by arranging two fire doors 45 and 46 (door members) side by side in the thickness direction of the fire wall 41 (overlapping them).
The fire door 44 is installed to enter the interior of the multi-story parking lot P during assembly, inspection or repair of the multi-story parking lot P (hereinafter referred to as “inspection etc.”). Therefore, it is not always necessary to provide each floor. Moreover, the attachment position can also be provided in arbitrary places, if the residence part R and the multistory parking lot P are connected.
[0025]
Both fire doors 45 and 46 are formed as specifications satisfying the performance of the class A fire door. For example, it is preferable to include a rock wool board, a ceramic wool board, or the like as a face material to provide a fire door of a type excellent in airtightness.
Further, it is more preferable to employ a fire door in which the sealing material expands due to heat generated in the event of a fire, and in addition, metal materials are used so that the frame members around the opening 43 such as a door stop are difficult to transmit heat to each other. It is preferable that it is attached to the concrete wall without being in contact with the material.
[0026]
As a mounting structure for the fire doors 45 and 46, for example, the following methods are conceivable.
As shown in FIG. 2, as a 1st attachment structure, it is a structure attached so that both the two fire doors 45 and 46 may be open | released only to one direction of the residence part R side. In this case, a fire door on the multistory parking lot P side (hereinafter referred to as “outer door 45”) is formed smaller than a fire door on the living part R side (hereinafter referred to as “inner door 46”).
In this case, since the outer door 45 cannot be opened from the multilevel parking garage P when the inner door 46 is closed, the inner door 46 is opened by adopting a power-on lock method at the time of inspection or the like. It is preferable that the inner door 46 be automatically closed in the event that a fire occurs.
In this case, the worker escapes from an emergency escape section (not shown) provided at the bottom.
[0027]
Further, by engaging the door knob of the outer door 45 and the door knob of the inner door 46, when the door knob of the outer door 45 is rotated, the door knob of the inner door 46 can also be rotated. You may comprise so that the two fire doors 45 and 46 can be opened simultaneously from the multistory parking garage P side by removing the latch.
In this case, the key lock is performed only from the outer door 45.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 3, as the second mounting structure, the outer door 45 ′ and the inner door 46 ′ are formed identically, the outer door 45 ′ is opened to the multistory parking lot P side, and the inner door 46 ′ is resident. This is a structure in which a fire door 44 'is attached so as to be opened to the part R side. In this case, as compared with the first mounting structure, a space for opening the outer door 45 ′ is required on the multistory parking lot P side (about 1 m in this embodiment). However, in this embodiment, an inspection ladder 47 for the multilevel parking garage P is installed in this space so that the worker can move.
[0029]
In addition, it is desirable that there are a plurality of fire doors, and three or more fire doors can be provided in the same opening, but one fire door may be used as long as it satisfies a predetermined fire prevention standard.
However, if a single fire door is used, the fireproof performance alone can be achieved by making it close to a heavy safe door that casts castable refractory bricks used in fireproof safes, surpassing the performance of Class A fireproof doors. And sufficient sound insulation is provided.
[0030]
[Shock absorber]
In the wall surface portion P1 of the multilevel parking garage P, the shock absorbers 10 (hereinafter referred to as “first shock absorber portions”) are located at both ends of each wall surface portion P1 in plan view and at a predetermined interval in side view. Is provided.
As shown in FIG. 4, the impact absorbing portion 10 is formed of a hard rubber member 11 (buffer member) and a support 13 for the hard rubber member 11.
The support 13 is inserted with bolts 14 and nuts 15 in order to adjust the position of the steel plate 16 attached to the wall surface portion P1 of the multilevel parking garage P and the position of the steel plate 16 with bolts 14 and nuts 15. And the pipe material 17 for position adjustment. The hard rubber member 11 protrudes toward the fire wall 41 side of the steel plate 16 and is fixed by bolts 18 and nuts 19 in a state where a predetermined gap is secured between the hard rubber member 11 and the fire wall 41 (hereinafter referred to as this). The interval is called “clearance C”). And it is comprised so that the fire wall 41 and the hard rubber member 11 may contact | abut, when the multistory parking lot P displaces to a horizontal direction.
[0031]
The clearance C between the hard rubber member 11 and the fire wall 41 is determined so that the hard rubber member 11 contacts for the first time by assuming a seismic force of seismic intensity of about 4 that is likely to cause earthquake damage. (For example, about 20 mm ± 10 mm. However, when the second mounting structure of the fire doors 45 ′ and 46 ′ shown in FIG. 3 is adopted, the open space of the outer door 45 ′ is taken into consideration. Define).
In addition, when the hard rubber member 11 is horizontally displaced in the multistory parking lot P and the hard rubber member 11 and the fire wall 41 come into contact with each other, the hard rubber member 11 moves from the multistory parking lot P acting on the contact portion to the living part R. It is preferable to provide at a position where the horizontal load applied to is as uniform as possible.
[0032]
In addition, it is suitable for the attachment position of the impact-absorbing part 10 to attach to the part which is easy to support horizontal loads, such as the steel materials for forming the multistory parking lot P, and the junction part of a truss member, and also the living part R Alternatively, a reinforcing member may be attached as necessary.
Further, the hard rubber member 11 may be attached by using an adhesive, a bolt and an adhesive in combination, or may be physically fixed using other methods. It doesn't matter.
[0033]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, another embodiment of the impact absorbing portion 20 (hereinafter referred to as “second impact absorbing portion”) includes a first rubber member 21 (first buffer member) and a second one. Two types of rubber members, rubber member 22 (second buffer member), are used (reference numeral 23 indicates a support). The first rubber member 21 is made of hard rubber and the second rubber member 22 is made of low-rebound rubber, and the second rubber member 22 has a smaller impact resilience than the first rubber member 21. The material is selected.
[0034]
And the length shape of the 2nd rubber member 22 is formed so that it may become long compared with the 1st rubber member, and the interval (henceforth "clearance C2 '") between the 2nd rubber member 22 and the fire wall 41 Is configured to be smaller than the distance between the first rubber member 21 and the fire wall 41 (hereinafter referred to as “clearance C1 ′”) (for example, the former clearance C2 ′ is 20 mm and the latter is The clearance C1 ′ is about 30 mm).
By comprising in this way, when the multistory parking lot P carries out a horizontal displacement, the energy is absorbed by making the 2nd rubber member 22 with small rebound resilience collide with the fireproof wall 41 previously, and after that, By making the rubber member 21 collide with the fire wall 41, the impact force can be reduced as compared with the case of the first embodiment.
[0035]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, another embodiment of the shock absorber 30 (hereinafter referred to as “third shock absorber”) has two types as in the case of the second shock absorber 20. These rubber members 21 and 22 are used, but the second rubber member 22 is attached so as to be in constant contact (adhesion) with the fire wall 41 (impact absorbing portion 20). The clearance C2 ′ at zero is zero).
By comprising in this way, when the multistory parking lot P displaces to a horizontal direction, the horizontal force which acts on the multistory parking lot P can be more smoothly transmitted to the living part R. At this time, since the second rubber member 22 has a smaller rebound resilience than the first rubber member 21, the second rubber member 22 is in contact with the multi-story parking lot P and the fireproof wall 41. Since the two rubber members 22 absorb the energy of the solid propagation sound, the fixed propagation sound can be made extremely small. Therefore, it becomes a structure which can prevent that the noise which generate | occur | produces from the multistory parking lot P is transmitted to the residence part R. FIG.
[0036]
[Action]
The high-rise apartment M of the present invention (using the first shock absorber 10) has the following effects.
[0037]
(1) The multistory parking lot P has a flexible structure formed using steel, and the amount of horizontal displacement when an earthquake force or the like is applied is larger than that of a rigid structure living part R made of reinforced concrete. ing. For this reason, when the multistory parking lot P is displaced in the horizontal direction due to the action of seismic force or the like, the hard rubber member 11 of the shock absorber 10 abuts against the fire wall 41 and acts on the living part R and the multistory parking lot P. Since the horizontal load energy is absorbed, it is possible to effectively prevent the two from colliding and being damaged.
[0038]
(2) When the horizontal load is applied, the hard rubber member 11 comes into contact with the fireproof wall 41 so that the horizontal load is supported by both the living part R and the multilevel parking lot P. It is possible to prevent the shocking horizontal load acting on the absorption part 10 from being concentrated on a part of the living part R. Therefore, it is possible to design the living portion R using a normal method without performing any special reinforcement.
[0039]
(3) The hard rubber member 11 in the shock absorber 10 is normally attached with a clearance C between the fireproof wall 41 and the three-dimensional parking lot P is displaced in the horizontal direction. The fireproof wall 41 and the hard rubber member 11 are configured to contact each other. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the fixed propagation sound generated from the multistory parking lot P from being transmitted to the living part R.
[0040]
(4) Although the fire-resistant wall 41 of the fire-resistant structure 40 has a structure having the opening 43, since the fire-proof door 44 that exhibits high airtightness and heat-shielding properties even in the event of a fire is provided, from the living part R It is possible to prevent the spread of fire to the multi-story parking lot P and the spread of fire from the multi-story parking lot P to the living part R, and it is possible to make a structure with sufficient safety against a fire.
[0041]
(5) Since the opening 43 of the fire door 44 (44 ′) is provided with two fire doors 45 and 46 (45 ′ and 46 ′) that can be opened and closed, the parking lot P is inspected. From time to time, the fire door 44 (44 ′) can enter the inside thereof, so that the work can be performed efficiently, and a structure excellent in airtightness can be obtained.
[0042]
(6) Since the multilevel parking garage P is fire-proofed by the fireproof structure 40, the multilevel parking garage P can be placed anywhere on the plane as long as it is inside the high-rise apartment M. The upper degree of freedom can be improved.
[0043]
In addition, the high-rise apartment M having the second and third shock absorbers 20 and 30 has the same effect as described above, and compared with the case of the high-rise apartment M having the first shock absorber 10. Furthermore, the impact force by the horizontal load which acts on the residence part R and the multistory parking lot P can be relieved.
[0044]
In the case of the high-rise apartment M having the third shock absorbing portion 30, the second rubber member 22 has a smaller rebound resilience than the first rubber member 21, and therefore the second rubber member 22 is placed in a three-dimensional space. Even in a state in which the vehicle field P and the fire wall 41 are always in contact with each other, the second rubber member 22 absorbs the energy of the solid propagation sound generated from the multilevel parking lot P, so that the fixed propagation sound can be made extremely small. it can. Therefore, noise generated from the multistory parking lot P can be reduced.
[0045]
Heretofore, an example of a preferred embodiment has been described for the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that the design of each of the above-described constituent elements can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In particular, the building may have any structure, shape, size, etc., and the shape, number, etc. of the space as long as a multilevel parking lot is provided in the space.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when a multi-story parking lot is provided in the interior, the safety of fire and earthquake is ensured, and a simple structure without causing a noise problem. Etc. can be easily performed, and furthermore, a building that does not require a restriction on the planar arrangement of the multistory parking lot can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a building of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view showing the building of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view showing another embodiment of the building of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of a first shock absorbing part of the present invention.
FIG. 5A is an enlarged view of a main part of a second shock absorber of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a main part of a third shock absorber of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
M high-rise apartment (building)
R Residential Department (Building Body)
V space P multistory parking lot 10, 20, 30 shock absorber 11 hard rubber member (buffer member)
13 Support 16 Steel plate 17 Pipe material 21 First rubber member (first buffer member)
22 Second rubber member (second buffer member)
40 fireproof structure 41 fireproof wall 42 fireproof slab 43 opening 44, 44 'fire door 45, 45' fire door (outer door) (door member)
46, 46 'Fire door (inner door) (door member)

Claims (2)

The building body, multistory parking,
A fireproof wall having a fire door and a fireproof slab provided on top of the fireproof wall, and comprising a fireproof structure for performing a fireproof section between the building body and the multistory parking lot, ,
It has the multistory parking lot inside it,
The three-dimensional parking lot is a building that is separated from the building main body and is in a self-supporting state,
A plurality of shock absorbers including a first buffer member and a second buffer member provided in a state where a predetermined gap is secured between the fireproof structure and the wall surface of the multi-story parking garage are vertically spaced from each other. And
The second buffer member has a smaller impact resilience than the first buffer member, and is formed longer than the first buffer member, and the second buffer member and the fireproof structure The gap is configured to be smaller than the gap between the first buffer member and the refractory structure,
The building main body part or the first buffer member and the second buffer member are in contact with each other by the horizontal displacement of the building main body part or the multistory parking lot. And the building. The building body, multistory parking,
A fireproof wall having a fire door and a fireproof slab provided on top of the fireproof wall, and comprising a fireproof structure for performing a fireproof section between the building body and the multistory parking lot, ,
It has the multistory parking lot inside it,
The multistory parking lot is a building that is separated from the building main body and is in a self-supporting state, and the first is in a state where a predetermined gap is secured in one of the multistory parking lot or the fireproof structure. A buffer member is attached, and the building main body part or the multi-story parking lot and the first buffer member come into contact with each other by the horizontal displacement of the building main body part or the multi-story parking lot. With composition
A second buffer member is attached in a state of being in contact with the multi-story parking lot and the fireproof structure,
Said 2nd buffer member has a rebound resilience rate small compared with said 1st buffer member. The building characterized by the above-mentioned.

Images