JP4798381B2 - Shield tunnel and its construction method, backfilling method, building / backfilling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield tunnel and its construction method, backfilling method, and building / backfilling method.

  When constructing a shield tunnel temporarily, for example, when constructing a large-scale tunnel with a small cross-section as a preceding tunnel around it, or to construct a main tunnel In cases such as when installing a shield tunnel for temporarily connecting the start and end shafts at a position away from the main tunnel and establishing a temporary connection between them, the temporarily constructed shield tunnel is used. It may be necessary to backfill later to restore the site to the current state.

In that case, since the segments as the lining body are fully assembled on the inner peripheral surface of the shield tunnel to be backfilled, it is necessary to dismantle and remove those segments first before backfilling. As a construction method for efficiently performing the dismantling and subsequent backfilling as a series of operations, for example, there is a construction method for dismantling and removing existing tunnels and existing pipes as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 It is considered that it can be adopted.
These methods are based on the fact that while disassembling shield machines and similar demolition machines move forward, the segments and existing pipes are dismantled and removed, and backfill material is filled behind the demolition machine. It is said that the shield tunnel can be efficiently backfilled by a process reverse to the shield tunnel construction process by a normal shield method.
Japanese Patent No. 3087229 Japanese Patent No. 3581619 Japanese Patent No. 3721488

However, the above conventional method may not always be suitably employed depending on the range of backfill and its purpose.
In other words, when the shield tunnel is simply refilled over its entire length, the dismantling machine is entered from one of the shield tunnels (or start-up shafts) to be backfilled, and advanced toward the other tunnel (or the reaching shaft). It is only necessary to dismantle and backfill the segments while continuing to efficiently backfill the entire length of the shield tunnel.

However, in cases where backfilling over the entire length is unnecessary or impossible, it may be desired to start backfilling in the middle of the shield tunnel. In such a case, the above conventional method cannot be used as it is. Absent.
In other words, when refilling is started from the middle of a shield tunnel, the demolition machine must first be placed at the backfill start point, but for that purpose, the demolition machine must be excavated from the ground surface to be carried into the backfill start point. Or at least a shaft is required.
Alternatively, it can be considered that the dismantling machine is disassembled into parts that can be carried in, each part is individually carried in, and the dismantling machine is assembled at the backfill start point. Since the segment at the return start point must be dismantled and put into an uncovered state even if it is temporary, the surrounding ground needs to be improved by a freezing method or a chemical injection method prior to that.

  Thus, backfilling the shield tunnel from the middle using the demolition machine as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 is a large preparation process only for placing the demolition machine at the backfill start point. It is necessary, irrational, and not considered realistic.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a shield tunnel that is assumed to be backfilled after the construction, and an effective and appropriate construction method that can efficiently perform the construction and backfilling.

The shield tunnel according to the first aspect of the present invention is constructed by assembling a segment behind the shield machine while excavating the shield machine, and after the construction, the shield is disassembled and backfilled starting from an arbitrary position in the middle of the shield tunnel a tunnel, the shield tunnel, against the scheduled start point backfill should begin backfill after construction process, the skin plate to become cylindrical支保member demolition machine used in step back Me 該埋, the In the process of building a shield tunnel, the shield tunnel is preliminarily installed at a position outside the segment.

  When the shield tunnel of the invention according to claim 1 is built, the segment is assembled behind the shield machine while digging the shield machine, and the shield machine passes the planned backfill start point. Is characterized in that a cylindrical support member serving as a skin plate for the dismantling machine is installed at a position outside the segment.

  When the shield tunnel of the invention according to claim 1 is backfilled, the invention according to claim 3 assembles the dismantling machine using the support member installed at the planned start point of backfilling as a skin plate, and is supported by the dismantling machine. While disassembling and removing the segment on the inside, the disassembling machine is moved and a backfill material is filled on the rear side in the moving direction.

  The invention according to claim 4 is for constructing and refilling a shield tunnel in which a segment is disassembled and backfilled at an arbitrary position, while being constructed by assembling segments behind the shield machine while excavating the shield machine In the process of building a shield tunnel, when the shield machine passes the planned backfill start point, a cylindrical support member that becomes the skin plate of the demolition machine is installed at a position outside the segment, In the process of backfilling the built shield tunnel, a dismantling machine using the support member as a skin plate is assembled at the planned start point of backfilling, and the segments are dismantled and removed while being supported by the dismantling machine, Filling backfill material on the rear side in the moving direction while moving the demolition machine And features.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the shield tunnel construction / backfill method according to claim 4, wherein the shield machine for constructing the shield tunnel is previously supported inside the tail portion of the skin plate. When the member is assembled and the shield machine is passed through the planned backfill start point, the support member is separated from the skin plate and left at the planned backfill start point.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the construction and backfilling method of the shield tunnel according to the invention according to claim 4 or 5, and when assembling the dismantling machine, inside the support member that becomes the skin plate of the dismantling machine, A face plate that functions as a mold for filling backfill material is provided, and when filling backfill material on the rear side in the moving direction of the demolition machine, the backfill material is pressure-filled on the back side of the faceplate. Features.

  According to the shield tunnel of the present invention, since a support member is installed in advance at the planned backfill start point assuming that dismantling and backfilling will be performed in the future, until the backfilling is started, Instead, it is possible to easily assemble a simple demolition machine with the support member as a skin plate when starting backfilling, as well as ensuring that the support effect and water stopping effect can be secured without problems by the support member. The dismantling machine can safely and efficiently implement dismantling and backfilling of segments.

  According to the construction method of the present invention, when the shield tunnel is constructed, a support member is installed in advance at a position to start backfilling, and when the backfilling is started, the support member is simply used as a skin plate. Since the dismantling machine is assembled, the dismantling and removal of the segments can be efficiently and safely performed as a series of operations by using the dismantling machine. This eliminates the need for excavation, installation of shafts, or ground improvement work for loading into the construction site, thus significantly reducing the preparation work for implementing the backfilling process and greatly streamlining the construction period compared to conventional methods. And the construction cost can be reduced sufficiently.

One Embodiment of the shield tunnel of this invention and the construction method for building and refilling it is shown in FIGS.
This embodiment is applied to the case where a shield tunnel is temporarily built on the premise that it is buried back after use, and FIGS. 1 to 9 show the building process, and FIG. FIG. 14 shows the backfilling process.
In the following description, the left side in the figure is referred to as the front and the right side in the figure is referred to as the rear, based on the direction of the shield machine in the building process, and therefore the movement of the shield machine to the left in the figure is advanced. The movement to the right is called backward.

  The building process shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 is basically performed by excavation with a shield machine in the same manner as a normal shield method, but the shield machine is mainly used for the demolition machine used in the backfill process at the later stage. The main purpose is to incorporate a support member as a component in advance and leave the support member at a planned start point for backfilling during the building process.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical support member 3 that itself functions as a skin plate is assembled in advance inside the tail portion of the skin plate 2 of the shield machine 1, and the inside and the skin plate 2 A seal member 4 is attached between the two.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the segment 5 is assembled behind the shield machine 1, the reaction force is taken from the segment 5, and the shield machine 1 is advanced by the propulsion jack 6. The shield tunnel will be built by the usual shield construction method, which will be further advanced by adding.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the shield machine 1 reaches the planned backfill start point, the support member 3 is separated from the skin plate 2 as shown in FIG. 4, and the cylindrical extension member 3b having the flange portion 3a is moved to its front portion. And the support member 3 is extended forward.
As shown in FIG. 5, a reaction force receiving member 7 is interposed between the flange 3a of the extended support member 3 and the foremost part of the assembled segment 5, and the support member is supported by the propulsion jack 6 as shown in FIG. The shield machine 1 is moved forward by taking the reaction force from the segment 5 via the flange portion 3a of 3 and the reaction force receiving member 7, and the support member 3 is left there. Then, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the shield machine 1 is further advanced while assembling a new segment 5 at the front portion of the flange portion 3 a.
By constructing the shield tunnel in this way, the segment 5 is omitted at the refill start point, the reaction force receiving member 7 is arranged in place of it, and the supporting member 3 is left outside, The supporting member 3 can secure the supporting performance and water-stopping performance without any trouble in place of the segment.
As the reaction force receiving member 7, an appropriate member can be adopted as long as it can be easily removed in the backfilling process, but it functions substantially the same as the segment until backfilling. Therefore, it is also conceivable that the segment 5 is used as a reaction force receiving member 7 and is detachably assembled if possible.

  After the shield tunnel built by the above steps is used for a desired application, after use, the rear side (right side in the figure) is backfilled from the planned backfill start point. As shown in FIG. 4, the dismantling machine 8 is assembled at the scheduled start point, and the dismantling removal and backfilling of the segment 5 are performed while the dismantling machine 8 is moved backward from there.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the reaction force receiving member 7 incorporated at the planned backfill start point is removed, and a partition plate 9 is installed there to partition the shield tunnel into a remaining part and a backfill part. In addition, by disposing the face plate 10 on the backfill portion side and fixing the face plate 10 to the inside of the support member 3, the simple dismantling machine having the same form as the outer shell of a normal shield machine by the support member 3 and the face plate 10. 8 and the filling port 12 of the backfill material 11 is attached to the face plate 10.

Therefore, the dismantling and refilling of the segment 5 is performed by retracting the dismantling machine 8 from the planned backfill start position. Of course, the dismantled material and materials and equipment are carried out at the rear side (right side in the figure).
Thereby, the supporting member 3 which comprises the demolishing machine 8 functions as a skin plate for ensuring the supporting performance at the time of a demolishing, and a water stop performance, and the face plate 10 is the back side (with respect to the moving direction of the demolishing machine 8). The back side) is filled with the backfill material 11 and functions as a mold for maintaining the filling pressure.
As the backfill material 11, for example, foamed mortar can be suitably used. Further, if the partition plate 9 for partitioning the backfill portion and the remaining portion is not necessary, it may be omitted and a simple formwork may be provided there.

  In order to retract the dismantling machine 8 in the above-described backfilling process, as shown in FIG. 10, a bracket 13 is attached to the segment 5 and a pressing jack 14 is interposed between the bracket 13 and the face plate 10. Filling is performed by removing the receiving member 7 and densely filling the backfill material 11 on the back side of the face plate 10 while supporting the face plate 10 with the pressure jack 14, and depressing the pressure jack 14 accordingly. What is necessary is just to extrude the dismantling machine 8 using a filling pressure, balancing pressure.

  When the dismantling machine 8 moves backward as shown in FIG. 11 and the face plate 10 reaches the position of the segment 5, the frontmost segment 5 is dismantled and the bracket 13 is rearranged rearward as shown in FIG. Then, the backfill material 11 is further filled and the dismantling machine 8 is further retracted.

  The above procedure is repeated, and the segments 5 are sequentially disassembled and removed as shown in FIGS. 13 to 14, and the backfill material 11 is followed up to the end of the backfill unit. Finally, the dismantling machine 8 may be disassembled and carried out.

According to the above construction method, when the shield tunnel is constructed, the supporting member 3 is left in advance at the position where the backfilling is scheduled, and when performing backfilling, the simple dismantling machine 8 using the skin plate as the skin plate is used. Since the disassembly machine 8 is used for assembly, the dismantling and refilling of the segment 5 can be efficiently and safely performed as a series of operations, and the disassembly machine 8 can be placed in a shield tunnel as in the past. It is possible to eliminate the need for excavation, installation of shafts, or ground improvement work for carrying in.
Therefore, by adopting this construction method, the preparation work for carrying out the backfilling process can be greatly reduced and greatly rationalized, and a sufficient shortening of the construction period and reduction of the construction cost can be realized.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above embodiment is merely a preferable example, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various design changes and the like listed below are possible. Application is possible.

In the above embodiment, the demolition machine 8 is moved by using the filling pressure while filling the backfill material 11 under pressure, but instead of or in addition to this, the demolition machine 8 is moved by other means. It is possible to make it.
For example, by using the pressing jack 14 in the above embodiment as a pulling means and retracting it, it is possible to take the reaction force from the segment 5 and pull the dismantling machine 8 to move or to Patent Documents 2-3. It is also conceivable to employ traction means as disclosed.

  In the above embodiment, the support member 3 as the skin plate of the dismantling machine 8 is assembled in advance to the tail portion of the skin plate 2 of the shield machine 1 so that it is separated and left at the planned backfill start point in the building process. However, instead, when the shield machine 1 reaches the planned backfill start position, the components of the support member 3 are carried into the shield machine 1 and the support member 3 is assembled there before assembling the segment 5. It may be installed outside the segment 5.

  In the above embodiment, the demolition machine 8 is backfilled while being moved backward from the backfill start point (reverse to the direction of the shield machine 1 in the building process). It is also possible to carry out backfilling while moving in the same direction as the excavation direction. In this case, naturally, the dismantling machine 8 is formed in the opposite direction to that of the above-described embodiment, so Equipment will be loaded and unloaded from the front side.

The dismantling machine 8 only needs to have a supporting performance when dismantling and removing the segment 5 and a function capable of filling the backfilling material 11, and the configuration of the dismantling machine 8 can be variously changed as long as it is limited. .
Of course, various attachment devices and accessories such as an erector for holding the segment 5 when the segment 5 is dismantled and removed, a cutter for cutting, and a transport means for carrying out the disassembled segment 5 to the dismantling machine 8 In addition, devices for preparing the backfilling material 11 and adjusting and controlling the filling amount and the filling pressure can be arbitrarily attached, and those can be attached to conventional shield machines and Patent Documents 2-3. It is possible to divert what is mounted on the backfill device shown.

The remaining portion that is left without being backfilled may be left as it is, or may be used for some purpose, and when used, appropriate repair work or change work may be added as necessary.
If the remaining part needs to be backfilled, the segment 5 may be backfilled as it is without dismantling, and in that case, the remaining part may be backfilled prior to the backfilling process for the backfilling part. (It is needless to say that if the remaining part needs to be backfilled after dismantling and removing the segment 5, the above-mentioned backfilling process by the dismantling machine may be extended to the remaining part as it is).

  Furthermore, since a considerable time of several years usually passes after the construction of the shield tunnel until the backfilling is started, the construction process and the backfilling process in the above embodiment are independent of each other. It may be carried out as a construction method and a backfilling construction method.

The embodiment of the present invention construction method is shown, and is a diagram showing a shield tunnel construction process. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the state which construction of the shield tunnel advanced. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of starting the backfilling process with respect to the shield tunnel built similarly. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the next process same as the above. It is a figure which shows the state which the backfilling process advanced.

Explanation of symbols

1 Shield machine 2 Skin plate 3 Support member (skin plate of dismantling machine)
3a Flange 3b Extension member 4 Seal member 5 Segment 6 Propulsion jack 7 Reaction force receiving member 8 Dismantling machine 9 Partition plate 10 Face plate (filling formwork)
11 Backfilling material 12 Filling port 13 Bracket 14 Pressing jack

Claims (6)

It is a shield tunnel that is built by assembling the segment behind it while digging the shield machine, and the segment is disassembled and backfilled starting from an arbitrary position in the middle after construction ,
The shield tunnel, against the scheduled start point backfill should begin backfill after construction process, cylindrical支保member comprising a skin plate demolition machine used in step back Me該埋 is, to construction the shield tunnel A shield tunnel that is pre- installed at a position outside the segment in the process . In constructing the shield tunnel according to claim 1,
While digging the shield machine and assembling the segment behind it, when the shield machine passes the planned backfill start point, place the cylindrical support member that becomes the skin plate of the demolition machine to the position outside the segment A construction method of shield tunnel characterized by installation. In refilling the shield tunnel according to claim 1,
While assembling a dismantling machine using the support member installed at the planned start point of backfilling as a skin plate, dismantling and removing the segments inside while supporting by the dismantling machine, moving the dismantling machine The shield tunnel backfilling method is characterized by filling backfilling material on the rear side in the moving direction. It is a method for building and backfilling a shield tunnel that is built by assembling segments behind the shield machine while digging the shield machine, and the segments are dismantled and backfilled from any position,
In the process of building a shield tunnel, when the shield machine passes through the planned backfill start point, a cylindrical support member that becomes the skin plate of the demolition machine is installed at a position outside the segment,
In the process of backfilling the built shield tunnel, a dismantling machine using the support member as a skin plate is assembled at the planned start point of backfilling, and the segments are dismantled and removed while being supported by the dismantling machine, A shield tunnel construction and backfilling method characterized by filling the backfilling material on the rear side in the moving direction while moving the dismantling machine. A method for constructing and backfilling a shield tunnel according to claim 4,
In a shield machine for building a shield tunnel, a support member is assembled in advance inside the tail portion of the skin plate,
A shield tunnel construction / backfilling method characterized in that when the shield machine is passed through a planned backfill start point, the support member is separated from the skin plate and left at the planned backfill start point. A method for constructing and backfilling a shield tunnel according to claim 4 or 5,
When assembling the dismantling machine, a face plate that functions as a filling form for the backfill material is provided inside the support member that becomes the skin plate of the dismantling machine,
A construction / backfilling method for a shield tunnel characterized in that when the backfilling material is filled on the rear side in the moving direction of the dismantling machine, the backfilling material is pressurized and filled on the back side of the face plate.

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