JP4794375B2 - Exterior material and exterior structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an exterior material and an exterior structure that can be used as various waterproof roofs and can establish a waterproof construction method using a waterproof sheet that is not constrained by the structure of the foundation.

Conventionally, waterproofing methods using waterproof sheets are to adhere and weld the waterproof sheet to the almost flat roof base surface, but many of them depend on the base and the body for performance other than waterproof performance (fireproof and fireproof). Therefore, the buildings that can adopt the waterproof construction method are mainly limited to the RC frame, and could not be adopted in any building.
In addition, waterproof sheets are applied to the base surface by bonding or welding. However, since bonding and the like are greatly affected by the accuracy and condition of the base, if the base has irregularities such as unevenness, the base and sheet There is a possibility that air may remain between the two, and there is a risk of causing damage and a decrease in adhesive strength. The same applies to the case where impurities such as dust are present on the base, and in order to construct the waterproof sheet, it takes time for pretreatment before construction.

  Then, the construction method which reduces the process before sheet construction by using a special adhesion layer (adhesive) as shown in patent documents 1 is also proposed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-187101

However, since the dry state of the formed adhesive layer is affected by the weather during construction, etc., it is difficult to manage the process in order to adhere the sheet with a stable adhesive force (adhesion under the same conditions). .
Therefore, the present invention establishes a waterproofing method using a waterproof sheet that is not constrained by the structure of the base, and can be constructed without being affected by the precision of the base by fixing the machine. The purpose is to propose an exterior material and an exterior structure that can stabilize the adhesive force by integrating the plate in advance at a factory or the like and can perform the adhesion process at the time of construction with a minimum process.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and is formed by integrating a plurality of water-impermeable sheet materials on the surface side of a single metal plate, and each of the water-impermeable sheet materials has at least one side as a metal plate. the Ri state near the unbonded, non-adhesive portion of at least one non-water-permeable sheet material, said, which is a polymerizable other impermeable sheet material adjacent a metal plate on It relates to the exterior material.

Furthermore, the present invention is an exterior structure using the exterior material described above, wherein one side of a metal plate that is not bonded to the water-impermeable sheet material is fixed to the base, and the water-impermeable sheet of the adjacent exterior material An exterior structure characterized by polymerizing and bonding materials together is also proposed.

  The present invention also proposes the above-described exterior structure, in which the water-impermeable sheet materials of the adjacent exterior materials are polymerized and bonded to each other on the support member.

  Since the exterior material of the present invention is such that at least one side of the water-impermeable sheet material is non-adhered to the metal plate, the non-adhered metal plate may be a part that is fixed to the ground, and the adjacent exterior material What is necessary is just to make it the part which overlaps mutually, and what is necessary is just to make it cover the fixing | fixed part of the said metal plate with the water-impermeable sheet material of a non-adhesion state. And the exterior structure which laminated | stacked the metal plate and the water-impermeable sheet material can be constructed | assembled, and the waterproofing construction method using the waterproof sheet which is not caught by the structure of a foundation | substrate can be established. Moreover, it is excellent in attachment strength and rain performance, and it is extremely easy to form an exterior material, and can be suitably used as various waterproof roofs. For example, as a waterproof (floor) rooftop constructed on a flat roof of a condominium, a building, etc., or as a base of a greening structure with excellent waterproof performance, or as a normal roof of other various buildings it can. In addition, depending on the materials used, it can also be certified as fire and fire resistance standards.

  It is particularly suitable for construction of flat roofs and flat roofs. That is, not only the construction is easy, but also the shape of the engaging part etc. is basically not required as compared with the case where the exterior structure is constructed using a conventional holding member such as a hanging member. However, the manufacturing cost can be kept low and the member management is easy.

  Further, in an exterior material in which a plurality of water-impermeable sheet materials are integrated on a single metal plate, the non-adhesive portion of one of the water-impermeable sheet materials may be used as a lap joint portion as described above. The non-adhesive portion of the other non-permeable sheet material can be used as a fixing portion to the base, and is useful when the plate width is wide, and does not cause waving or fluttering of the exterior material.

  Furthermore, when the water-impermeable sheet materials of the adjacent exterior materials are polymerized and bonded to each other on the support member, the overlapping joint portion will be installed at a position higher by the height of the support member, than the surface through which rainwater flows. Since the lap joint portion exists at a high position, it is possible to avoid the risk of flooding even if welding failure occurs in the lap joint portion after use over time. Further, by using a support member having a substantially hat-shaped cross section, a tile-bar-like appearance is obtained, so that it is possible to avoid the possibility of flooding and improve the design. Further, the upper surface portion of the support member can be used as an attachment location of an external member such as a solar cell mount.

  The water-impermeable sheet material used for the exterior material of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be integrated with the metal plate by various adhesion means including welding, fusion, and the like. Plastic sheet material or waterproof sheet material may be used. In addition, a composite waterproof sheet having a structure in which a core or a reinforcing body such as a polycloth, a felt layer, or a glass fiber base fabric is laminated on a resin layer such as polyvinyl chloride may be used. In particular, a composite waterproof sheet excellent in fire resistance (fireproof) performance is provided. desirable.

  Moreover, the metal plate used for the exterior material of the present invention has a substantially rectangular shape, such as a surface decorative steel plate, a laminated steel plate, a plated steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a titanium alloy plate, a copper plate, a brass plate, a lead plate, etc. A known metal material or the like is appropriately used, and may be formed (molded) by roll molding, press molding, or a combination of both as required, and the material thickness is not particularly limited.

The exterior material of the present invention is formed by integrating a water-impermeable sheet material on the surface side of a substantially rectangular metal plate, and the water-impermeable sheet material is in a state in which at least one of the four sides is not adhered to the metal plate. is there.
For example, it may be formed so that one side of the water-impermeable sheet material extends longer than the edge of the metal plate, or a portion where one side of the water-impermeable sheet material does not adhere to the metal plate, that is, a floating portion The metal plate and the water-impermeable sheet material may have the same length or width, or may be different from each other, and are not particularly limited.

  Further, the integrated state may be a state in which various bonding means including welding, fusion, etc. are fully developed, that is, a state in which they are entirely bonded, for example, in the form of dots, stripes, etc. As shown in FIG. However, in order to maintain an integrated state, it is necessary to bond firmly without peeling, particularly in partial bonding with a small bonding area, but the bonding means is not particularly limited. Moreover, although it may be bonded by thermal bonding, thermal fusion, or the like, it is desirable that it is bonded or fused with a heat amount or more that occurs in nature.

  Furthermore, the exterior material of the present invention may have a configuration in which one non-permeable sheet material is integrated with a single metal plate, or a configuration in which a plurality of non-permeable sheet materials are integrated. Good. In the case where a single non-permeable sheet material is integrated with a single metal plate, the non-adhesive portion is provided on at least one side, that is, the edge as shown in the examples described later. When integrating a plurality of water-impermeable sheet materials with a single metal plate, it is a case in which non-adhesive portions are provided in addition to the edges as shown in the examples described later (see the figure).

  In each Example shown in FIGS. 1-4, exterior material 1A-1D integrates the water-impermeable sheet material 3 on the surface side of the substantially rectangular metal plate 2, and the water-impermeable sheet material 3 is At least one of the four sides is not bonded to the metal plate 2. In addition, even if the metal plate and water-impermeable sheet material in each example differ in length etc., respectively, the same code | symbol (The metal plate is 2 and a water-impermeable sheet material is 3) was attached | subjected.

  In the exterior material 1A of FIG. 1A, one side in a non-adhesive state (non-adhesive portion 12) is formed on the right edge in the figure with respect to the integrated adhesive portion 11 that does not peel off. Hereinafter, the non-water-permeable sheet material 3 in the non-bonded portion 12 is described as the floating portion 3X, and the metal plate 2 is described as the non-bonded portion 2X. In the illustrated embodiment, the edge on the other side (left side in the figure) will be described below as a shape in which the edge of the metal plate 2 extends long to the other side (extension portion 2Y).

In order to construct an exterior structure using the exterior material 1A, first, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the non-adhesive portion 2X and the extension portion 2Y of the metal plates 2 and 2 of the adjacent exterior materials 1A and 1A are formed. Polymerize.
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 1C, the non-adhesive portion 2X and the extending portion 2Y are fixed to the ground using a fixing tool 4 such as a screw.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the floating portion 3 </ b> X of the water-impermeable sheet material 3 was polymerized so as to cover the fixing portion such as the fixing tool 4 and adhered with the water-stop agent / adhesive 5.
Although the base is not shown in the drawing, it is possible to use all building frames to which fixtures such as nails, screws, anchors, etc. can be attached, such as wooden structures, steel structures, concrete structures, etc. A board such as a wood wool cement board to be laid according to the situation may be included, and a known waterproof sheet such as asphalt may be laid on the ground.

  Thus, the exterior material 1A of the present invention can construct an exterior structure in which the metal plate 2 and the water-impermeable sheet material 3 are laminated, with the left side in the figure on the water side and the right side in the figure on the water side. As a result, the mounting strength and rain performance are excellent. Moreover, the manufacturing of the exterior material 1A is extremely easy because it requires substantially no processing except that the metal plate 2 and the water-impermeable sheet material 3 are laminated and integrated.

  And the exterior structure of this invention can be applied to various structures, for example, as a fireproof (floor) rooftop constructed on a flat roof of a condominium, a building, etc. or a gently-sloped roof, or as a base of a greening structure excellent in waterproof performance Or, it can be used as a normal roof for various other buildings, etc., and can receive fireproof certification.

  In the exterior material 1B of FIG. 2A, non-adhesive portions 12 and 12 are formed on both left and right edges in the figure with respect to the integrated adhesive portion 11 that does not peel off. In this example, the non-water-permeable sheet material 3 is the floating portions 3X and 3X ′, the metal plate 2 is the non-adhesive portions 2X and 2X ′, and the adjacent exterior materials 1B and 1B are connected to the support member 6 having a cross-sectional hat shape. .

In order to construct an exterior structure using the exterior material 1B, first, as shown in FIG. 2B, the non-adhesive portions 2X and 2X ′ of the metal plates 2 and 2 of the adjacent exterior materials 1B and 1B are arranged side by side. .
Subsequently, in this state, as shown in FIG. 2C, the support member 6 having a cross-sectional hat shape is disposed so as to straddle, and the non-adhesive portions 2X and 2X ′ are grounded by the fixtures 61 and 61 such as screws. Fix it. The support member 6 is a threading material commonly called a rafter, but may be a piece material having a certain length. In the illustrated embodiment, the support member 6 has a hat shape in cross section, but is not particularly limited as long as the overlapped portion of the overlapped portion is at a high position, and may be, for example, a triangular shape.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the fixing portions 61, 61 and the like are covered with the floating portions 3X, 3X ′ of the water-impermeable sheet material 3 and are polymerized on the upper surface portion 62 of the support member 6, Adhesion (lap joining) was performed with a water-stop agent / adhesive 5.

  Since the exterior structure constructed in this manner is such that the adjacent exterior materials 1B and 1B are polymerized and bonded on the support member 6, the overlapping joint portion is installed at a position higher by the height of the support member 6. Thus, since the lap joint portion exists at a position higher than the surface through which the rainwater flows, water leakage does not occur even if adhesion failure occurs in the lap joint portion after use over time. In addition, since the support member 6 having a substantially hat-shaped cross section is used, a tile-bar-like appearance shape can be obtained, the possibility of flooding can be avoided, and the design can be improved. Furthermore, the upper surface portion 62 of the support member 6 can be used as an attachment location of an external member such as a solar cell mount.

  The exterior material 1 </ b> C in FIG. 3A has a configuration in which two non-permeable sheet materials 3 and 3 ′ are integrated with a single metal plate 2. In the drawing, the single water-impermeable sheet material 3 integrated on the right side of the metal plate 2 is substantially the same as the exterior material 1A in FIG. An adhesive portion 12 is formed at the right edge in the figure, and the non-permeable sheet material 3 in the non-adhesive portion 12 is defined as a floating portion 3X, and the metal plate 2 is defined as a non-adhesive portion 2X. In the drawing, the non-water-permeable sheet material 3 ′ integrated on the left side of the metal plate 2 has a non-adhesive portion 12 ′ formed at a substantially central portion in the figure with respect to the integrated adhesive portion 11 that is not peeled off. The non-water-permeable sheet material 3 ′ in the non-adhesive portion 12 ′ is defined as a floating portion 3Z, and the metal plate 2 is defined as a non-adhesive portion 2Z. Further, substantially in the same manner as the exterior material 1A in FIG. 1, the edge of the metal plate 2 is extended to the other side (extension part 2Y) on the other side (left side in the figure).

As described above, the exterior material 1C has a structure in which two non-permeable sheet materials 3 and 3 ′ are integrated with a single metal plate 2, but as described above, the structure of the right edge portion in the figure. (Non-adhesive portion 12) and the configuration of the left edge portion (extending portion Y) in the figure are exactly the same as the exterior material 1A in FIG. The construction can be performed in exactly the same way as in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
Further, in this exterior material 1C, since the non-adhesive portion 12 'is provided in the substantially central portion, the non-adhesive portion 2Z is fixed to the ground using a fixing tool 4' such as a screw as shown in FIG. 3 (b). After that, the floating part 3Z was polymerized so as to cover the fixing part such as the fixing tool 4 ′ and adhered with the water-stop agent / adhesive 5.

  Since the exterior structure constructed in this way is fixed not only to the connection parts of the adjacent exterior materials 1C and 1C but also to the non-adhesive part 12 'formed at the approximate center, the attachment strength to the base becomes high. It is useful when the plate width is wide and does not cause waving or fluttering of the exterior material.

  In the exterior material 1D of FIG. 4A, a non-adhesive portion 12 is formed on the right edge portion in the figure with respect to the integrated adhesive portion 11 that does not peel off, and the non-permeable sheet material 3 in the non-adhesive portion 12 is formed. The structure of the floating portion 3X metal plate 2 as the non-adhesive portion 2X is exactly the same as that of the exterior material 1A of FIG. 1, but the left edge portion in the drawing is aligned with the metal plate 2 and the water-impermeable sheet material 3. It is the structure which was cut | judged, Comprising: The extension part 2Y is not formed.

In order to construct an exterior structure using the exterior material 1D, first, as shown in FIG. 4B, when connecting the adjacent exterior materials 1D and 1D, the non-adhesive portion 2X is placed downward and the other edge portion is Polymerize on top.
Then, as shown in FIG.4 (c), the non-adhesion part 2X and the other edge part are fixed to the foundation | substrate using the fixing tools 4, such as a screw.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the floating portion 3 </ b> X of the water-impermeable sheet material 3 was polymerized so as to cover the fixing portion such as the fixing tool 4 and adhered with the water-stop agent / adhesive 5.

As described above, the exterior material 1D of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as at least one side of the water-impermeable sheet material 3 is not bonded to the metal plate 2. For example, the exterior material 1D of FIG. The exterior structure in which the metal plate 2 and the water-impermeable sheet material 3 are laminated can be constructed without necessarily using the extending portion 2Y on the other end side as in the exterior material 1A. By making the right side inside the underwater side, it is excellent in mounting strength and rain performance.
And this exterior material 1D is simpler than manufacture of the said exterior material 1A.

(A) Sectional drawing which shows one Example of the exterior | packing material of this invention, (b) Sectional drawing which shows a part of connection method with the exterior | packing material which adjoins, and shows the condition which superposes | stacks a non-adhesion part and an extension part , (C) shows a part of the connection method with the adjacent exterior material, a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the non-adhesive portion and the extension portion are superposed and fixed, and (d) a connection structure with the adjacent exterior material It is sectional drawing shown. (A) Sectional drawing which shows other one Example of the exterior | packing material of this invention, (b) A part of connection method with the adjacent exterior | packing material is shown, and the state which provided the non-adhesion part and the non-adhesion part side by side is shown. Sectional drawing, (c) Sectional drawing which shows a part of connection method with adjacent exterior material, and shows the state fixed so that a supporting member may be straddled with a non-adhesion part, (d) Exterior material adjacent via a supporting member It is sectional drawing which shows the connection structure. (A) Cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the exterior material of the present invention, (b) Cross-sectional view showing a state in which the non-adhesive portion at the substantially central portion is fixed to the base, (c) With the adjacent exterior material It is sectional drawing which shows a connection structure. (A) Cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the exterior material according to the present invention, (b) a part of the connection method with the adjacent exterior material, and the situation where the non-adhesive portion and the other edge are superposed (C) Sectional drawing which shows a part of the connection method with the exterior material which adjoins, and shows the state which superposed | polymerized and fixed the non-adhesive part and the edge part of the other side, (d) Adjacent exterior It is sectional drawing which shows the connection structure with a material.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A-1D Exterior material 11 Adhesion part 12,12 'Non-adhesion part 2 Metal plate 2X, 2X Non-adhesion part 2Y Extension part 2Z Non-adhesion part 3, 3' Non-permeable sheet material 3X, 3X'3Z Floating part 4, 4 'Fixing tool 5 Water-stop agent / adhesive 6 Support member

Claims (3)

It becomes integrated a plurality of impermeable sheet material on the surface side of the one metal plate, the water-impermeable sheet material, at least one side Ri state near the non-adhesive to the metal plate, at least one of An exterior material characterized in that a non-adhesive portion of a water-impermeable sheet material can be polymerized to another water-impermeable sheet material adjacent on a metal plate .   It is an exterior structure using the exterior material according to claim 1, wherein one side of a metal plate that is not bonded to the water-impermeable sheet material is fixed to a base, and the water-impermeable sheet materials of adjacent exterior materials An exterior structure characterized by polymerizing and adhering.   The exterior structure according to claim 2, wherein non-permeable sheet materials of adjacent exterior materials are polymerized and bonded to each other on a support member.

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