JP4791744B2 - IC chip, IC chip manufacturing method, and authentication information generation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an IC chip and an authentication method, and more particularly to an IC chip and an authentication method capable of holding authentication information and the like in a state where copying and falsification are impossible.

Conventionally, various authentication media have been used. For example, credit cards and the like use magnetic recording, holograms, and the like, and recently, some have built-in IC chips. In this case, information is stored in advance in each storage medium so that authentication information can be read magnetically, optically, or electrically.
However, since magnetic recording, holograms, and the like can easily read and copy recorded information, an increasing number of people copy and illegally use such information. For this reason, various security measures have been taken.

In recent years, IC chips that have come into use have built-in memory elements to record authentication information. In order to avoid unauthorized use, a method of applying an encryption technique using a public key method and storing a secret key used therein in a memory in the IC chip is used.
Further, as a method of making it difficult to replicate using a magnetic medium, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a soft magnetic material is randomly mixed in a magnetic stripe and this is read by a magnetic head.
Japanese Patent No. 2843743

  In the IC chip, various measures are taken in both hardware and software so that authentication information such as the secret key can be easily read and cannot be tampered with. The authentication information can be stored in a read-only memory such as a ROM so that it cannot be tampered with, but it is necessary to write other information on each chip in the manufacturing process, which makes the manufacturing process very complicated. . Therefore, in many cases, authentication information is stored in a rewritable memory such as an EEPROM.

However, even if a technique that cannot easily read or falsify the authentication information is applied, once the technique is known, the information in the memory can be read, falsified, copied, and used illegally.
In addition, in the method in which a soft magnetic material is randomly mixed in the magnetic stripe and this is read by the magnetic head, the spatial resolution of the signal to be read depends on the gap of the magnetic head, so there is a limit to increasing the spatial resolution. Also, due to recent advances in printing technology, it is becoming easier to print similar magnetic patterns from signals read by a magnetic head.
An object of the present invention is to provide an IC chip that can be held in a state where authentication information or the like cannot be tampered with and copied, and a method for producing an IC chip and a method for generating authentication information .

In order to solve the above problems, an IC chip according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a magnetic sensor in which a plurality of semiconductor Hall elements are arranged two-dimensionally in X rows and Y columns (X and Y are natural numbers); A selection circuit that selects each of the semiconductor Hall elements, an amplification circuit that amplifies an output signal of the magnetic sensor, and magnetic particles randomly arranged on the surface of the magnetic sensor, the magnetic particles are consisting of a plurality of types of magnetic particles or include a shape or volume are different aggregated magnetic particles, the semiconductor Hall element outputs an output value corresponding to the position of the strength and the magnetic particles of the magnetic field indicia pressure The magnetic sensor outputs the output values of the plurality of semiconductor Hall elements as information specific to the IC chip.

  The position information and the number of particles of the magnetic particles existing on the magnetic sensor can be acquired by detecting with a magnetic sensor arranged two-dimensionally. Since the magnetic particles are randomly arranged on the sensor, information detected by the magnetic sensor can be used as authentication information. By using minute magnetic particles and minute magnetic sensors, it is impossible to duplicate exactly the same even if information on the magnetic particles is known. A minute magnetic sensor can be easily miniaturized due to recent advances in fine processing technology. Although it is possible in principle to duplicate the arrangement of minute magnetic particles arranged at random, it is difficult to realize because it is a very complicated manufacturing process.

Further, semi-conductor Hall element as a magnetic field sensing elements for which can be manufactured by the same manufacturing process as the IC chip, can easily be mixed into the IC chip.
An IC chip according to a second aspect of the present invention is the IC chip according to the first aspect, wherein the semiconductor Hall element includes a pair of current terminals, a gate electrode for controlling a current flowing between the current terminals, and a current flowing between the current terminals. It has a pair of output terminals arranged to flow substantially perpendicular to the current.
By having the gate electrode, one semiconductor Hall element is provided with both the magnetic field detection function and the switching function, and the selection circuit when selecting a plurality of semiconductor Hall elements and detecting the magnetic field becomes simple.

An IC chip according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2 , the magnetic particles are superparamagnetic materials.
By making the magnetic particles superparamagnetic, the magnetization of the magnetic particles depends on the strength of the magnetic field applied from the outside. Since the residual magnetization when the external magnetic field is zero is zero, the information cannot be rewritten by changing the magnetization of the magnetic material by applying a magnetic field from the outside.
An IC chip according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any one of the first to third aspects, a connection terminal for outputting an output from the amplifier circuit to an external device is provided.

An IC chip according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the IC signal according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the output signal from the amplifier circuit is binarized or multi-valued, and the binarized or multi-valued output signal is obtained. The signal processing means for obtaining the arrangement information of the magnetic particles on the surface of the magnetic sensor is provided, and the signal processing means outputs the arrangement information as information specific to the IC chip .
An IC chip manufacturing method according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the IC chip manufacturing method according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the plurality of semiconductor Hall elements have X rows and Y columns (X And Y is a natural number) on the surface of a two-dimensionally arranged magnetic sensor, the magnetic particles mixed in an epoxy resin or a silicone resin are dropped to cure the resin, or an aqueous solution of the magnetic particles Alternatively, the method includes a step of fixing the magnetic particles by dripping and drying an organic solvent mixed and then dripping an epoxy resin or a silicone resin to cure the resin.
An IC chip manufacturing method according to claim 7 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 6, a magnetic field is applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic sensor when the magnetic particles are fixed .
By fixing the magnetic particles in a magnetic field, the magnetized magnetic particles can be aggregated to form a shape that is long and thin in the magnetic field direction. As a result, when the magnetic field is applied and the arrangement information of the magnetic particles is obtained by the magnetic sensor, the magnetic particles are easily magnetized and a larger signal output can be obtained.

An authentication information generating method according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is an authentication information generating method using an IC chip according to any one of the first to fourth aspects , wherein one of the plurality of magnetic particles is provided. Applying a magnetic field in which the part becomes saturated magnetization and the rest become non-saturated magnetization, and when the magnetic field is applied, the output signal of the amplification circuit is binarized or multi-valued to obtain the arrangement information of the magnetic particles The arrangement information is authentication information including information unique to the IC chip .

An authentication information generating method according to claim 9 of the present invention is an authentication information generating method using an IC chip according to claim 5, wherein a part of the plurality of magnetic particles becomes saturated magnetization and the rest is A magnetic field to be unsaturated magnetization is applied, and the arrangement information output from the signal processing means when the magnetic field is applied is authentication information composed of information unique to the IC chip.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for generating authentication information according to the eighth or ninth aspect, wherein the applied magnetic field is a direct current in which an alternating magnetic field and a part of the magnetic particles are saturated and the rest are unsaturated. What field der comprising a magnetic field, and wherein the output signal of the semiconductor Hall device, acquires the arrangement information from the second harmonic component of the frequency of the alternating magnetic field.
According to claim 11 of the present invention, in the authentication information generation method according to claim 8 or 9, the applied magnetic field is a part in which a part of the magnetization of the magnetic particles is saturated and the rest is a non-saturated magnetization. wherein I alternating magnetic field der only becomes magnetized state of the boundary of saturated and non-saturated, the output signal of the semiconductor Hall device, from the third harmonic component of the frequency of the alternating magnetic field to obtain the location information And
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the authentication information generating method according to the eighth or ninth aspect, wherein the applied magnetic field includes a first magnetic field comprising an alternating magnetic field in which magnetization of the magnetic particles is not saturated and the magnetic particles. conditions of the remaining part is the saturation magnetization of the magnetization What second magnetic field and der consisting of the alternating magnetic field forming the said first magnetic field and the DC magnetic field as a non-saturation magnetization, said first magnetic field The arrangement information is acquired from a difference between a signal acquired from the semiconductor Hall element in FIG. 5 and a signal acquired from the semiconductor Hall element under the condition of the second magnetic field.
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for generating authentication information according to any one of the eighth to twelfth aspects , wherein the semiconductor Hall element is used in each of a plurality of types of magnetic field conditions determined by the frequency, direction, and strength of the magnetic field. Any one of the arrangement information for each of the plurality of types of magnetic particles that can be acquired based on the signal obtained from the above, or the arrangement information for each of the aggregated magnetic particles having different shapes or volumes, or a combination thereof. The authentication information is used.
When the magnetic field condition, that is, the condition of the magnetic field applied to the plurality of magnetic particles is different, the arrangement information of the obtained magnetic particles is also different. Therefore, by acquiring multiple types of arrangement information of magnetic particles under multiple types of magnetic field conditions and combining them, more information can be used as authentication information than when acquired in a single magnetic field. Can do.
Here, the factors that determine the magnetic field conditions include the frequency, direction, and intensity of the magnetic field. In addition, the arrangement information of the magnetic particles refers to all information related to the arrangement state of the magnetic particles on the surface of the magnetic sensor, and examples of the plural types of arrangement information include magnetic particles having different characteristics (shape, volume, material). For example, the arrangement information for each.

  According to the present invention, authentication information and identification information can be held in a state in which they cannot be copied or tampered with.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a contact IC card incorporating the IC chip of this embodiment.
The IC chip in FIG. 1 has a CPU, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, communication interface, and authentication information holding unit mounted on one chip. Except for having an authentication information holding unit, it has the same configuration as an IC chip of a conventional IC card, and exchanges information with a card reader (not shown) in contact or non-contact via a communication interface It is.

The CPU performs conventional processing related to transmission / reception of information employing an encryption algorithm based on data and programs in RAM, ROM, and EEPROM, and, as described later, based on a signal output from the authentication information holding unit, Processing to acquire authentication information is also performed.
The authentication information holding unit includes a magnetic sensor in which a plurality of Hall elements corresponding to the magnetic field detection element of the present invention are arranged in an array, a selection circuit that selects an arbitrary Hall element, an amplification circuit that amplifies a signal from the Hall element, The AD converter circuit converts an analog signal from the Hall element into a digital signal, and magnetic particles randomly arranged on the surface, and outputs a detection signal of the magnetic particles as authentication information.

Hereinafter, the authentication information part will be described in detail.
(Configuration of magnetic sensor)
FIG. 2 shows a part of the appearance of the magnetic sensor 1 of the authentication information section of this embodiment.
The magnetic sensor is formed on the silicon substrate 11 by a CMOS (complementary mental-oxide semiconductor device) manufacturing process which is a well-known technique. Hall elements are formed below the recesses 13 on the surface of the magnetic sensor 1, and input and output of the individual hall elements are performed via the gate electrode 30 and the metal wiring 4. The outermost surface is covered with a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide film formed by plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition).
(Hall element structure)
The structure of the Hall element constituting the magnetic sensor 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  A top view of the Hall element 2 is shown in FIG. 5A, a cross section taken along the alternate long and short dash line a is shown in FIG. 5B, and a cross section taken along the alternate long and short dash line b is shown in FIG. The Hall element includes a gate electrode 30, a source electrode 31, a drain electrode 32, output electrodes 33 and 34, and an insulating layer 35, and is formed in a P well region 36. Except for the output electrodes, the configuration is the same as that of the n-type MOSFET, and the metal wiring to each electrode is omitted in the drawing. The output electrodes 33 and 34 are configured such that current flows perpendicularly to the magnetic flux formed substantially perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic sensor 1 and the current flowing between the source and drain electrodes.

  The operation of the Hall element 2 will be described. A bias is applied to the gate electrode 30, the source electrode 31, and the drain electrode 32 to set the operation state similar to that of the MOSFET. It is desirable that the operation state at this time be in a linear region. In this state, when there is no magnetic flux applied from the outside, the two output electrodes 33 and 34 are at the same potential. When a magnetic flux perpendicular to the Hall element surface is applied from the outside, a voltage proportional to the magnetic flux density appears as a differential voltage between the output electrodes 33 and 34.

(About the array arrangement of Hall elements and the selection method of each Hall element)
Next, a method for selecting each Hall element arranged in an array and extracting the output will be described with reference to FIG.
A source electrode, a drain electrode, and a pair of output electrodes of each Hall element (E (0,0), E (0,1),...) Are switches (R0, R1) configured using semiconductor elements or the like. ,..., Are connected to V _L , V _H , OUT1, and OUT2, and are commonly connected to the same column in the column direction Y. The gate electrodes in the same row in the row direction X are also common, and are connected to common gate electrode lines C0, C1,. V _L and V _H are wirings for supplying a bias to the Hall element side, and OUT1 and OUT2 are wirings for sending an output from the Hall element to the amplifier circuit. Although not shown, each switch is connected to a control line and is controlled to be turned on and off based on a selection signal for the Hall element.

  A case where the Hall element E (0, 0) is selected will be described. Only the switch R0 is turned on, and the switches R1, R2,. Further, only the gate electrode line C0 is set to a voltage at which the Hall element operates, and the gate electrode lines C1, C2,... Are voltages at which the Hall element does not operate, that is, the source even when a bias is applied to the source electrode and the drain electrode. -Set so that no current flows between the drains.

At this time, V _L and V _H are applied to the Hall element E (0, 0) and the source electrode and drain electrode of the Hall element in the same row, but only the Hall element E (0, 0) flows. . A voltage corresponding to the magnetic flux density appears at the output electrode of the Hall element E (0, 0). Since the output electrodes of the Hall elements arranged vertically are not in an operating state, the output voltage of the Hall element E (0, 0) is output as it is to OUT1 and OUT2. In this configuration, even if the number of arrays increases, the number of wires in the array is the same and only switches are added to the ends, so the area of the magnetic sensor section is almost proportional to the number of arrays, and the number of Hall elements is easily Many magnetic sensor units can be configured.
Further, the amount of authentication information can be increased by increasing the number of Hall elements.

(Fixing magnetic particles)
Magnetic particles Mg are dropped on the surface of the magnetic sensor 1 of the IC chip manufactured by the CMOS manufacturing process, and fixed to the surface of the magnetic sensor 1 as shown in FIG. Magnetic particles Mg may be fixed by dropping a resin (not shown) mixed in advance with an epoxy resin or silicone resin, or mixed with an aqueous solution or an organic solvent. After dripping and drying, an epoxy resin or a silicone resin may be dropped and cured and fixed. Since the magnetic particles dropped on the magnetic sensor are randomly distributed, this can be used as authentication information. The size of the magnetic particles to be dropped is preferably about the same as or larger than the size of the sensitive surface of the Hall element.

The magnetic particles may be fixed in the IC chip manufacturing process, or may be fixed at the time of use.
Furthermore, a magnet may be arranged on the back surface of the IC chip when fixed, and a magnetic field may be applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic sensor 1. As a result, the magnetic particles aggregate in a columnar shape in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic sensor 1. This will be schematically described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6A shows the magnetic particles Mg fixed on the surface of the magnetic sensor 1 without applying a magnetic field, and FIG. 6B shows the magnetic particles fixed with a magnetic field applied. When no magnetic field is applied, the magnetic particles Mg are randomly arranged on the IC chip with respect to the surface and the stacking direction. However, when a magnetic field is applied, the magnetic particles are columnar along the direction in which the external magnetic field is formed. And are randomly arranged on the surface of the IC chip. When the magnetic body has a columnar shape, it becomes easy to be magnetized when a magnetic field is applied in the longitudinal direction, and a larger signal can be obtained from the magnetic sensor.

(How to read authentication information)
Next, a method for reading authentication information from the authentication information holding unit will be described.
At the time of reading, an IC card incorporating the IC chip of this embodiment is inserted into the card reader. When the IC card is inserted, the card reader applies a magnetic field by an electromagnet to the authentication information holding unit.
When it is detected that a magnetic field is applied to the IC chip, the CPU outputs a selection signal for a predetermined Hall element to the selection circuit, and based on this, the selection circuit takes out the output from the selected Hall element and outputs it to the AD conversion circuit. The CPU acquires arrangement information of the magnetic particles Mg serving as authentication information based on the output signal converted into a digital signal by the AD conversion circuit.

  The processing of the output signal by the CPU differs depending on the magnetic field application method as described later, but is the same in that the arrangement information of the magnetic particles Mg on the surface of the magnetic sensor 1 can be acquired based on the Hall element output. is there. That is, when the magnetic particles Mg are randomly distributed on the Hall element, the signal levels output by the Hall elements at the respective positions arranged in an array are different. Therefore, a threshold value is provided for the acquired signal level, and binary or multivalued information is used as authentication information. For example, in the case of FIG. 2, when the output of each Hall element is converted into a binary value, for example, the Hall element E (2, 0), the Hall element E (2, 3) is 1, and the other Hall elements are 0. A two-dimensional array (which may be one-dimensional) is obtained. The Hall element E (n, m) means the nth Hall element in the X direction and the Mth Hall element in the Y direction from the upper left Hall element starting from the arrow in FIG.

Next, a method for applying a magnetic field and a method for processing an output signal in each application method will be described.
(Regarding magnetic field application method 1)
An AC magnetic field + DC magnetic field is applied by an electromagnet. At this time, the DC magnetic field is a magnetic field in which at least part of the magnetization of the magnetic particles is saturated. The output signal of the Hall element without magnetic particles nearby contains only the frequency component of the applied AC magnetic field, but the output signal of the Hall element with nearby magnetic particles contains the frequency of the applied AC magnetic field. Second harmonic components are included. This second harmonic component is used as authentication information. At this time, the amplitude of the second harmonic component is acquired with reference to the amplitude of the fundamental wave. If the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means is constant, a certain amount of magnetic particles has a constant amplitude ratio between the fundamental wave and the second harmonic when there is a certain amount of magnetic particles. Even if the sensitivity of the element varies, it is not affected.

  The magnetization curve with respect to the applied magnetic field differs depending on the shape or size of the magnetic particles. FIG. 6 schematically shows magnetization curves of magnetic particles having two different shapes. For example, if the curve B2 is of a spherical magnetic particle, the curve B1 has a shape that is longer and narrower in the direction of the applied magnetic field. This is because even if the magnetic material is the same material, the gradient of the curve differs due to the different demagnetizing field coefficient depending on the shape. The saturation magnetization is proportional to the volume of the magnetic particles.

  Here, a case where magnetic particles having the characteristics of the curve B1 are present on the Hall element A and magnetic particles having the characteristics of the curve B2 are present on the Hall element B will be described. When the DC magnetic field Hdc1 and the AC magnetic field Hac1 are applied, the second harmonic component appears in the output of the Hall element A, but the second harmonic does not appear in the output of the Hall element B. When a DC magnetic field Hdc2 and an AC magnetic field Hac2 having different strengths from the DC magnetic field Hdc1 are applied, a second harmonic component appears in the output of the Hall element B, but no second harmonic appears in the output of the Hall element A. When magnetic particles having different characteristics are mixed, output signal patterns obtained from a plurality of Hall elements depend on the applied magnetic field. Therefore, different authentication information can be obtained depending on the applied magnetic field conditions. This means that arbitrary authentication information is acquired by arbitrarily setting the reading conditions, or authentication information having a larger amount of information is obtained by combining a plurality of types of arrangement information by applying a plurality of types of magnetic fields. The authentication information can be made more difficult.

(Regarding magnetic field application method 2)
An alternating magnetic field is applied by an electromagnet of a card reader. At this time, the alternating magnetic field is a magnetic field in which at least a part of the magnetization of the magnetic particles is saturated. The output signal of the Hall element without magnetic particles nearby contains only the frequency component of the applied AC magnetic field, but the output signal of the Hall element with nearby magnetic particles contains the frequency of the applied AC magnetic field. A third harmonic component is included. This third harmonic component is used as authentication information.

(Regarding magnetic field application method 3)
An AC magnetic field is applied by an electromagnet to acquire the AC signal component of the Hall element, and then a DC magnetic field is added thereto to acquire the AC signal component of the Hall element again. Here, the AC magnetic field is a weak magnetic field in which the magnetization of the magnetic particles is not saturated, and the DC magnetic field is a magnetic field in which at least a part of the magnetic particles is saturated. The output signal of the Hall element without magnetic particles nearby has the same signal output when only the AC magnetic field is used and when the AC magnetic field + DC magnetic field is used. The output signal of the Hall element with magnetic particles nearby converges the magnetic flux by the magnetic particles, and the magnetization is saturated in the AC magnetic field + DC magnetic field, so only the AC magnetic field is larger than the AC magnetic field + DC magnetic field. . Therefore, the difference between the output signal of only the AC magnetic field and the output signal of the AC magnetic field + DC magnetic field becomes a signal component by the magnetic particles, and this is used as authentication information.

As described above, information unique to the IC chip can be held as authentication information in the authentication information holding unit, and the authentication information can be used in the CPU that has acquired the information.
The authentication information includes, for example, information on a secret key when the IC card applies a public key method. In a conventional IC card, secret key information is stored in an EEPROM, and reference to information from the outside is protected at the hardware level and software level, but it is not perfect. Since the IC card equipped with the magnetic sensor of the present invention cannot realistically duplicate the information stored in the magnetic sensor unit, it is impossible to duplicate the IC card.

  In addition, not only a secret key but also information unique to each IC card can be used as authentication information for certifying the authenticity of the IC card. For example, the correspondence between the authentication information held in the authentication information holding unit of the IC card and the information held in the ROM or EEPROM of the IC card is held in advance in the terminal that performs the authentication, so that when performing the authentication It is possible to perform authentication by collating these information with the acquired information.

In the above embodiment, the IC chip has the magnetic information holding unit and the means for acquiring information from the magnetic information holding unit mounted on one chip, but only the authentication information holding unit is mounted on the IC chip. The analog signal output from the amplifier circuit may be obtained as it is on the card reader side to which the magnetic field is applied, and converted into a digital signal for processing. In this case, the IC chip can be configured simply and at low cost, and various uses are possible. For example, this IC chip is provided in place of a hologram such as a gift certificate or banknote, and authentication information attached to the gift certificate or the like is held in advance in a terminal equipped with a card reader on the store side that performs authentication. That is, for example, when there are 10 ⁶ magnetic particle arrangements, only a part is assigned to a gift certificate. The authentication information assigned to the gift certificate is read in advance by the store that issues the gift certificate. Thereby, at the time of use of a gift certificate etc., it can authenticate whether it is a forged gift certificate by collating with the authentication information previously hold | maintained with the terminal which acquired the authentication information. That is, if the present invention is viewed from another viewpoint, an IC chip that holds unique information in a readable state can also be provided.

It is a figure which shows the outline of the contact-type IC card incorporating the IC chip of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the partial external appearance of the magnetic sensor of the authentication information part of this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the structure of a Hall element. It is a figure explaining the method of selecting each Hall element arrange | positioned at array form and taking out an output. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the state which fixed the magnetic body particle on the surface of the magnetic sensor in the state which does not apply a magnetic field, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the case where it fixes in the state which applied the magnetic field. It is a figure which shows typically the magnetization curve of the magnetic body particle of a different shape.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetic sensor 2 Hall element 4 Metal wiring 11 Silicon substrate 13 Recess 30 Gate electrode 31 Source electrode 32 Drain electrode 33 Output electrode 35 Insulating layer 36 Well region C0 Gate electrode line C1 Gate electrode line Mg Magnetic particle

Claims (13)

A magnetic sensor in which a plurality of semiconductor Hall elements are arranged two-dimensionally in X rows and Y columns (X and Y are natural numbers), a selection circuit for selecting each of the semiconductor Hall elements, and an output signal of the magnetic sensor An amplifier circuit for amplifying
Magnetic particles randomly arranged on the surface of the magnetic sensor,
The magnetic particles are composed of a plurality of types of magnetic particles or include aggregated magnetic particles having different shapes or volumes,
The semiconductor Hall element is an IC chip for outputting an output value corresponding to the position of the strength and the magnetic particles of the magnetic field indicia pressure,
The magnetic sensor outputs an output value of the plurality of semiconductor Hall elements as information specific to the IC chip.   The semiconductor Hall element includes a pair of current terminals, a gate electrode for controlling a current flowing between the current terminals, and a pair of output terminals arranged so that the current flows substantially perpendicular to the current flowing between the current terminals. 2. The IC chip according to claim 1, further comprising: IC chip according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic particles are superparamagnetic. IC chip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a connection terminal for outputting the output from said amplifier circuit to an external device. Signal processing means for binarizing or multi-leveling the output signal from the amplification circuit and acquiring arrangement information of the magnetic particles on the surface of the magnetic sensor based on the binarized or multi-level output signal Prepared,
The signal processing means, the IC chip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and outputs the arrangement information as the IC chip unique information. It is a manufacturing method of an IC chip given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1-5,
The magnetic particles mixed with epoxy resin or silicone resin are dropped onto the surface of a magnetic sensor in which the plurality of semiconductor Hall elements are arranged two-dimensionally in X rows and Y columns (X and Y are natural numbers). curing the resin, or by curing the resin by dropping epoxy resin or silicone resin after it dropped those mixed with an aqueous solution or organic solvent of the magnetic particles were dried, fixed to the magnetic particles IC chip manufacturing method comprising the step of : 7. The method of manufacturing an IC chip according to claim 6 , wherein a magnetic field is applied in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic sensor when the magnetic particles are fixed . A method of generating authentication information using the IC chip as described in any one of claims 1-4,
Applying a magnetic field in which some of the plurality of magnetic particles become saturated magnetization and the rest become unsaturated magnetization ,
When the magnetic field is applied, the output signal of the amplification circuit is binarized or multi-valued to obtain the arrangement information of the magnetic particles,
A method for generating authentication information, wherein the arrangement information is authentication information composed of information unique to the IC chip . A method for generating authentication information using an IC chip according to claim 5, comprising:
  Applying a magnetic field in which some of the plurality of magnetic particles become saturated magnetization and the rest become unsaturated magnetization,
  A method for generating authentication information, characterized in that the arrangement information output from the signal processing means when the magnetic field is applied is authentication information including information specific to the IC chip. Magnetic field the applied, the remaining part of the alternating magnetic field with the magnetic particles becomes saturation magnetization I field der consisting of a DC magnetic field to be non-saturation magnetization,
The method for generating authentication information according to claim 8 or 9 , wherein the arrangement information is acquired from a second harmonic component of the frequency of the alternating magnetic field in the output signal of the semiconductor Hall element . Magnetic field the applied, the remaining part of the magnetization of the magnetic particles becomes saturation magnetization I alternating magnetic field der only part of the non-saturation magnetization is the magnetization state of the boundary of the saturated and non-saturated,
The method for generating authentication information according to claim 8 or 9 , wherein the arrangement information is acquired from a third harmonic component of the frequency of the alternating magnetic field in the output signal of the semiconductor Hall element . The applied magnetic field includes a first magnetic field composed of an alternating magnetic field in which the magnetization of the magnetic particles is not saturated, a direct current magnetic field in which a part of the magnetization of the magnetic particles is saturated and the rest is unsaturated, and the first magnetic field What second magnetic field and der consisting of the alternating magnetic field which forms one of the magnetic field,
The arrangement information is obtained from a difference between a signal acquired from the semiconductor Hall element under the condition of the first magnetic field and a signal acquired from the semiconductor Hall element under the condition of the second magnetic field. The method for generating authentication information according to claim 8 or 9 . The arrangement information, shape, or volume for each of the plurality of types of magnetic particles that can be acquired based on the signal obtained from the semiconductor Hall element under each of a plurality of types of magnetic field conditions determined by the frequency, direction, and strength of the magnetic field are different. aggregated among the location information of each magnetic particles, authentication information according to any one of claims 8 to 1 2, characterized in that said authentication information to select any one or a combination thereof Generation method.

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