JP4791645B2 - Detonator delay device - Google Patents

Description

【００２３】
表１より、実施例３のニクロム線を用いたものが比較例１の芯線無しのものと比べて一番燃焼速度の上昇が小さかったが、定寸切断試験で切断時の刃こぼれが大きかった。一方実施例１のＳＵＳ３０４−Ｗ１は燃焼速度の上昇が比較的小さく、かつ切断試験で切断時の刃こぼれも小さいため非常に良好であった。
【００２４】
次に、燃焼組成物の混合時間を１５分に短縮して、故意に原材料の分散性を悪くした延時薬を用いて発火燃焼実験を行った。実施例４では、線径１．４×１０^-4ｍφのＳＵＳ３０４−Ｗ１線材で延時導火線及び図２に示す構造の電気雷管を製造し、マイナス２０℃の低温発火試験を行い、また、水中深さ０．５ｍに０．１５ｍ間隔で電気雷管のみを円周上に配置し、同一段の起爆ばらつきで衝撃圧力が負荷された場合の発火試験を行った。結果を表２に示す。
【００２５】
【表２】

【００２６】
表２より、比較例では不発が発生したのに対し、実施例４では全く不発発生は見られなかった。
【００２７】
【発明の効果】
上記の説明からも明らかなように、本発明の雷管用延時装置を用いれば、燃焼持続性や燃焼安定性が高く、ロット間や原材料の品質ばらつき等によって燃焼が途中で止まってしまうことがなく、雷管が不発により残留する問題が生じない。また、燃焼特性が安定することにより、起爆時間のばらつきが低減できる。
更に、燃焼速度の変化を小さくすることができるので、装填薬長の延長による雷管長さの変更無くして、また、後段品種の起爆時間調整も従来と殆ど変更無くして実施できるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の一例である、一端を切開して示した延時導火線の解体図である。
【図２】延時装置に延時導火線を用いたＤＳ段発電気雷管の横断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 芯線
２ 心糸
３ 心薬（延時薬）
４ 第１被覆
５ 第２被覆
６ 防水塗装
７ 耐水紙テープ
８ 第３被覆
９ 表面固着糊
１０ 脚線
１１ 塞栓
１２ 点火薬
１３ 延時装置（被覆）
１４ 延時薬（延時装置心薬）
１５ 内管
１６ 起爆薬
１７ 管体
１８ 添装薬[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a detonator used for civil engineering construction work, tunnel excavation, blasting method for collecting crushed stone for road pavement, and the like. The invention further relates to a delay device for a detonator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In civil engineering construction work, tunnel excavation, and blasting methods for collecting crushed stones for road paving, the timing of initiation of main explosives such as hydrous explosives, dynamite or anti-nitrate explosives may be adjusted to avoid noise and vibration problems. It has been broken. For this reason, electric detonators are stepped in electrical blasting. There are two types of electric detonators: MS (millisecond) stage detonator and DS (decision) stage detonator, depending on the time interval for normal firing. .
[0003]
As a method of adjusting the detonation time of the stage detonator, the combustion composition burned by the oxidation-reduction reaction is mixed with several kinds of raw materials that become an oxidant and a reducing agent so as to burn slowly, and is used as a time delay medicine. By adjusting the ratio or changing the particle size of the specific raw material, you can make several types of burning rate varieties, and further adjust the amount according to the dosage when filling the granular time-delayed drug, A method of using a lead wire for a time delay device made by winding a time delay agent with a thread and applying several layers of coating, or cutting an element in which a time delay agent is tightly packed in a metal tube such as lead or aluminum into a fixed length. A method of adjusting the length of the medicine is known.
[0004]
Reference can be made to Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 9-303955 for the production method of these detonator and Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-132209 for the production method of the conductor.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Adjusting the detonation time of the electrical detonator, especially the latter part of the DS-stage electric detonator, requires a variety of delay agent composition designed at a very low burning rate, but the burning rate is low, ie burns slowly As the varieties, the combustion temperature and the amount of heat generated are lower, and problems are likely to occur in combustion sustainability and combustion stability. In addition, the delay agent is designed with a blending composition of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent that is less dependent on the pressure of combustion so that the combustion speed does not change with pressure rise in the detonator tube caused by the gas generated during combustion. In many cases, problems are likely to occur in combustion sustainability and combustion stability.
[0006]
For example, problems with combustion sustainability and combustion stability due to variations in the raw material particle size and surface condition due to manufacturing lots, raw material storage conditions, moisture absorption during production, local unevenness due to insufficient mixing of raw materials, etc. In the extremely cold environment of the blasting and consumption site in the winter, etc., the delayed agent disappears in the middle of combustion, or the predecessor of several adjacent blasting holes causes the delay in the middle of combustion. Sometimes a detonator was created with the possibility that the medicine might be subjected to shock pressure and the combustion could be interrupted in the middle of the explosion, or the detonator could remain unexploited and fall into a dangerous state.
[0007]
As a method to improve combustion stability and combustion sustainability, the mixing ratio of oxidizing agent and reducing agent and the particle size of raw materials are changed in order to further increase the combustion temperature, generated heat, combustion speed, combustion pressure dependency, etc. It is conceivable to add a third component that improves the flammability, but in any case, it is necessary to increase the amount of the charged medicine because the combustion speed becomes faster. There were problems such as having to change the length, making it difficult to adjust the subsequent detonation time, and substantially reducing the number of varieties.
[0008]
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is possible to improve combustion sustainability and combustion stability by reducing the increase in the combustion speed of the delay device, and by varying the quality of lots and raw materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a time delay device in which combustion does not stop in the middle and does not cause a problem that a detonator does not remain.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by penetrating a linear or strip-shaped metal wire into the combustion composition, and have made the present invention.
That is, the detonator delay device according to the present invention is a delay device that adjusts the initiation time according to the combustion rate of the combustion composition, and improves the combustion sustaining characteristics by penetrating a linear or belt-like metal wire into the combustion composition. A detonator delay device characterized by the above.
[0010]
In addition, the metal wire of the present invention penetrates into the combustion composition of a detonator delay device that adjusts the initiation time according to the combustion speed of the combustion composition, so that the combustion sustainability or combustion of the combustion composition It is a linear or strip-shaped metal wire characterized by improving stability.
The combustion wavefront of the combustion composition is approximately planar when no metal wire is inserted. Therefore, when a core wire made of a linear or belt-like metal wire (hereinafter simply referred to as a metal wire) is inserted, conduction heat precedes the portion of the unburned combustion composition (referred to as a delay agent) in the vicinity of the metal wire. It is transmitted. Due to this change in the combustion wave front, the delaying agent disappears in the middle of the combustion under the extremely low temperature environment, etc., whereas the delaying agent around the metal wire has a heat amount by the action of heat storage by the core wire of the metal wire. It is hard to be taken away and combustion can be continued.
[0011]
In addition, the delaying agent around the metal wire is not susceptible to the fact that the early-stage detonation of the adjacent blasting holes causes the suspension agent that was in the middle of the combustion to be subjected to impact pressure and is easily interrupted. The instantaneous density change due to is difficult to occur, and the prolonged medicine around the metal wire has already been burned up to that point, so the combustion can be continued.
The combustion of the delaying agent differs in the degree of preheating or heating of the unburned portion near the metal depending on the inherent heat conduction state of the penetrating metal wire. For example, the thermal conductivity is about 400 Wm ⁻¹ K ^−1. The copper wire has a large increase in the combustion rate as will be described later.
[0012]
In the present invention, it is necessary to select a material having an appropriate thermal conductivity that maintains the combustion even when the surrounding delaying medicine is likely to be stopped, and reduces the increase in the combustion rate.
Metal wire to penetrate, at a temperature 300K, the thermal conductivity 5~500Wm ^-1 K ^-1, preferably 6~200Wm ^-1 K ^-1, more preferably in the range of from 7~100Wm ^-1 K ^-1 It is preferable.
[0013]
Further, since the penetrating metal wire often contains many oxidizing agents, the penetrating metal wire is preferably made of a material having corrosion resistance so as not to impair the flammability due to corrosion.
Also, as described above, when used as a squib or wire, if the shearing force of the penetrating metal wire is too high, there is a possibility that cutting failure due to blade spilling at the time of cutting at a fixed length will cause shearing. It is preferable that the force is not so high.
[0014]
Moreover, since the combustion sustainability can be improved by penetrating the metal wire as described above, it is possible to improve the combustion sustainability by applying it to a delaying drug having a combustion speed of 50 m / sec or less. In addition, when the thermal conductivity of the material and the total cross-sectional area of the metal wire are appropriate, it is possible to improve combustion sustainability by applying it to a delaying drug having a burning rate of 10 m / second or less. It is also possible to improve combustion sustainability by applying it to a time delay agent containing an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent that have poor combustion sustainability. In particular, it is possible to improve combustion sustainability by penetrating a metal wire into a combustion composition that has been lowered by eliminating or reducing the content of harmful substances such as lead and chromium compounds.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the detonator extension device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a disassembled view of the extended flame guide wire, which is an example of an embodiment of the present invention, with one end cut open.
In FIG. 1, a heart-powder 3 is a time delay medicine in which lead tan and lead chromate are added at a weight ratio of 70:30, and antimony and chlorinated rubber are added at a weight ratio of 20:14 respectively and mixed for 3 hours. From the heart medicine hopper of the manufacturing apparatus, three cotton yarns as the core yarn 2 and one of the wire rods and the core wires 1 having the wire diameters shown in the examples and comparative examples of Table 1 as the linear or belt-like metal wires of the present invention are used. After continuously inflowing, the first coating 4 was wrapped so as to be wrapped with 18 glass yarns and the second coating 5 was wrapped with 11 hemp yarns, and then water-resistant paper tape 7 was wound on the asphalt as the waterproof coating 6, 3. Ten cotton yarns were wound around the cover 8, and the surface was fixed with mobile vinyl as the surface fixing paste 9 to produce a long-time lead wire.
[0016]
The core wire 1 is a material having corrosion resistance and a thermal conductivity in the range of 5 to 500 Wm ⁻¹ K ⁻¹ , such as copper, copper alloy, platinum, aluminum, tungsten, various stainless steels, nichrome steel, nickel, nickel Alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, white, plated iron wire, zirconium, etc. are preferable. Platinum, tungsten, various stainless steels, nichrome steel, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium within the range of 6 to 200 Wm ⁻¹ K ⁻¹ More preferred are titanium alloy, white, plated iron wire, zirconium and the like. More preferred are various stainless steels, nichrome steels, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, white, plated iron wires, zirconium and the like within the range of 7 to 100 Wm ⁻¹ K ⁻¹ .
[0017]
Among these core wire materials, the shearing force as the metal material is preferably 80 to 800 MPa, and more preferably, in order to extend the durability of the cutting blade when sizing the extended lead wire shown in FIG. It is in the range of 80 to 600 MPa, more preferably 80 to 500 MPa. For example, in the JIS standard for stainless steel wires, the shearing force of a stainless steel wire for springs (hereinafter referred to as SUS-WPB) is 770 MPa, whereas the annealing is classified as soft No. 1 (hereinafter referred to as SUS-W1). Those subjected to are particularly preferred because they are as low as 460 MPa.
[0018]
On the other hand, it is also possible to penetrate a wire material such as copper, copper alloy, and aluminum within the above range into a pre-stage extension device that does not cause a problem even if the combustion rate increases.
The core wire 1 is preferably 1 to 4 in consideration of manufacturability. In FIG. 1, when the core wire 1 is used, it is possible to substantially uniform the entry of the heart medicine 3 into the heart thread 2.
Substantial diameters of metal wires and the like are 5 × 10 ^{−5 to} 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ mφ in consideration of the number of penetrations and the degree of change in the burning rate, strength at the time of sizing and wire breakage during production. It is preferable to do.
[0019]
In the present invention, it is important that the metal wire has a certain cross-sectional area, thereby having a certain mass for heat storage. The total cross-sectional area of the single or plural metal wires is preferably 2 × 10 ⁻⁹ to 2 × 10 ⁻⁷ m ^2, and is within the range of 8 × 10 ⁻⁹ to 8 × 10 ⁻⁸ m ^2. More preferably. If the cross-sectional area is too small, the heat storage effect is reduced, and the possibility that the core wire is broken during the production will increase. On the other hand, if the cross-sectional area is too large, the heat conduction becomes excessive and the combustion rate increases too much, and at the same time, the space for inflowing and filling the delay agent becomes insufficient.
[0020]
There is also a DS delay electric detonator delay device that adjusts the delay by directly filling a granular delay agent. By inserting a linear or belt-like metal into the center of this delay agent, the same effect can be obtained. It is possible to obtain
In addition, when a time delay agent is tightly packed in a metal tube such as lead, lead alloy, copper, aluminum, or silver, a similar effect can be obtained by penetrating a linear or strip-shaped metal wire.
[0021]
Next, as examples of the present invention in Table 1, manufactured are the extended-time lead wires using various wires for the core wire 1 and those that do not penetrate the core wire 1 and those that penetrate the annealed copper wire as a comparative example. The result of having measured the burning time of length is shown. In addition, in the wire rods of the examples and comparative examples, a fixed-length cutting test of 10,000 pieces of 0.005 m length was performed on the extended-time conducting wire penetrating the core wire 1 having a wire diameter of 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ mφ. The result which compared the blade spilled state of a blade is shown.
[0022]
[Table 1]

[0023]
From Table 1, although the increase in the burning rate was the smallest in the case of using the nichrome wire of Example 3 as compared with that of the comparative example 1 without the core wire, the spillage at the time of cutting was large in the sizing cutting test. . On the other hand, SUS304-W1 of Example 1 was very good because the increase in the burning rate was relatively small and the spillage during cutting was small in the cutting test.
[0024]
Next, an ignition combustion experiment was conducted using a time delaying agent in which the mixing time of the combustion composition was shortened to 15 minutes and the dispersibility of the raw material was intentionally deteriorated. In Example 4, an extended lead wire and an electric detonator having the structure shown in FIG. 2 were manufactured using a SUS304-W1 wire having a wire diameter of 1.4 × 10 ⁻⁴ mφ, and a low temperature ignition test at −20 ° C. was performed. Only an electric detonator was placed on the circumference at intervals of 0.15 m at a length of 0.5 m, and an ignition test was conducted when impact pressure was applied due to variations in initiation of the same stage. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0025]
[Table 2]

[0026]
As shown in Table 2, no misfire occurred in the comparative example, whereas no misfire occurred in Example 4.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above explanation, if the detonator delaying device of the present invention is used, combustion sustainability and combustion stability are high, and combustion does not stop midway due to lot-to-lot or raw material quality variation. The problem that the detonator remains due to misfire does not occur. Moreover, variation in the initiation time can be reduced by stabilizing the combustion characteristics.
Furthermore, since the change in the burning rate can be reduced, there is an effect that the detonator length can be changed without extending the length of the charged medicine, and the detonation time adjustment of the latter-stage product can be carried out with almost no change from the conventional one. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a disassembled view of an extended squib wire shown by cutting one end as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a DS-stage electric detonator using a delay line conductor in the delay unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 core wire 2 heart thread 3 heart medicine (delayed medicine)
4 First coating 5 Second coating 6 Waterproof coating 7 Water-resistant paper tape 8 Third coating 9 Surface fixing glue 10 Leg wire 11 Plug 12 Ignitor 13 Delaying device (coating)
14 Delayed medicine (delayed device heart medicine)
15 Inner pipe 16 Explosive 17 Tube 18 Attached medicine

Claims (12)

  In a detonator delay device that adjusts the initiation time based on the combustion rate of the combustion composition, it is characterized in that combustion sustainability or combustion stability is improved by penetrating a linear or belt-like metal wire into the combustion composition. Detonator delaying device. 2. The detonator delay device according to claim 1, wherein the linear or belt-shaped metal wire is made of a material having a thermal conductivity in a range of 5 to 500 Wm ⁻¹ K ⁻¹ . 3. The detonator delay device according to claim 1, wherein the linear or strip-shaped metal wire has a total cross-sectional area in a range of 2 × 10 ⁻⁹ to 2 × 10 ⁻⁷ m ² .   4. The detonator delay device according to claim 1, wherein the wire metal or strip metal wire has corrosion resistance.   5. The detonator delay device according to claim 1, wherein the linear or belt-shaped metal wire is made of a material having a shearing force in a range of 80 to 800 MPa.   The detonator delay device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a metal wire is inserted into a combustion composition having a combustion speed of 50 m / sec or less.   The detonator delay device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a metal wire is inserted into the combustion composition having a reduced harmful substance content. By being penetrated into the combustion composition detonator for rolling equipment for adjusting the initiation time by combustion rate of the combustion composition, and characterized by improved combustion persistent or combustion stability of the combustor composition A linear or strip-shaped metal wire. The metal wire according to claim 8, wherein the metal wire is made of a material having a thermal conductivity in the range of 5 to 500 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 . Metal wire of claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the total cross-sectional area is ^{2 × 10 -9 ~2 × 10 -7} m 2.   The metal wire according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the metal wire is made of a material having corrosion resistance.   The metal wire according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the metal wire is made of a material having a resilience of 80 to 800 MPa.

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