JP4775219B2 - Electric power steering device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric power steering device which prevents the influence of rolling action by a rolling ball circulating a deflector even though a ball nut is deformed when coupling a ball nut to a motor shaft by a punch. <P>SOLUTION: A key groove 50 is formed in a part of an outer periphery of a ball nut 21. An inner periphery of a motor shaft is deformed by driving a punch toward the key groove of the ball nut from an outer peripheral position P1 of a motor shaft 41, and engaged with the key groove of the ball nut. A deflector 25 is mounted at regular angle intervals in a circumferential direction of the ball nut and with intervals in an axial direction of the ball nut. The deflector mounted in one end of the ball nut is arranged in an angle position not opposed to a radial direction with respect to the key groove formed in the ball nut. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric power steering apparatus provided with a ball screw device.

  In general, an electric power steering apparatus includes a rack shaft that is moved in the axial direction by the rotation of a steering shaft, an electric motor that rotates the motor shaft based on a steering torque generated on the steering shaft, and a rotational movement of the motor shaft that is a rack shaft. And a ball screw device for converting the movement into the axial motion.

  By the way, in a rack coaxial electric power steering apparatus in which an electric motor is arranged coaxially with a rack shaft, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a ball screw shaft is integrally provided on the rack shaft, and this ball A ball nut that is screwed onto the screw shaft via a rolling ball is integrally fixed to one end of the motor shaft by a tightening nut.

  In this type of electric power steering device, the ball nut is fixed to the motor shaft with a tightening force that can sufficiently withstand a normal steering load, but an excessive load acts on the ball nut due to unforeseen circumstances. In this case, it is necessary to provide a fail-safe measure to fix the ball nut to the motor shaft by caulking or the like so that the ball nut does not rotate with respect to the motor shaft and cannot be steered even if the tightening nut is loosened.

As one means for dealing with such fail-safe, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a key groove 2 is provided as a processing reference for processing the ball nut 1 at one place on the circumference of the outer periphery of the ball nut 1. Since the key nut 2 is used to mount the ball nut 1 on the motor shaft 3, the punch is driven from the outer peripheral position P1 of the motor shaft 3 corresponding to the key groove 2 of the ball nut 1, It is possible to prevent the ball nut 1 from rotating relative to the motor shaft 3 by deforming a part of the inner periphery of the shaft 3 inward and causing the deformed portion to bite into the key groove 2 of the ball nut 1. Conceivable.
JP 2001-97232 A

  By the way, in this type of electric power steering apparatus, normally, a deflector 7 for circulating a rolling ball 6 interposed between the ball screw shaft 5 and the ball nut 1 is provided in the circumferential direction of the ball nut 1. It is usually mounted at four locations with equal angular intervals and with intervals in the axial direction of the ball nut 1. The distance between the deflector 7 disposed at both ends of the ball nut 1 in the axial direction and the shaft end of the ball nut 1 is very small, and the key groove is formed in the same phase as the deflector 7 disposed at both ends. Since it is difficult in terms of space, it is most reasonable to form the keyway 2 at an angular position that is 180 degrees out of phase with the deflectors 7 arranged at both ends.

  However, if the keyway 2 is arranged at an angular position 180 degrees out of phase with the deflector 7 arranged at the end, a punch is driven from the outer periphery of the motor shaft 3 so that the ball nut 1 is relative to the motor shaft 3. If it is coupled so that it cannot rotate, it will affect the circulation of the rolling ball 7 passing through the deflector 7 facing the keyway 2 in the diametrical direction, that is, the deflector 7 disposed at the above-described end portion, and thereby operating noise. It has been found by the inventors of the present application that this is one of the causes of the occurrence of.

  This is because when the punch is driven from the outer peripheral position P1 of the motor shaft 3, as shown in FIG. 7, the motor shaft 3 and the ball nut 1 are slightly deformed into an elliptical shape, and the key groove 2 and the diameter are reduced. It is speculated that a slight reduction in the gap between the deflector 7 facing the direction and the ball screw shaft 5 may be one factor. In FIG. 7, the deformation of the ball nut 1 is exaggerated for easy understanding, but in practice it is a slight deformation on the order of several microns.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described conventional problems, and is used for rolling operation of a rolling ball that circulates in a deflector even when the ball nut is deformed when the ball nut is coupled to a motor shaft by a punch. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric power steering apparatus that does not affect the operation.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a feature of the invention described in claim 1 is that a gear housing and a rack shaft that is inserted through the gear housing so as to be movable in the axial direction and coupled to an input shaft via a rack and pinion mechanism. An electric power steering apparatus comprising: an electric motor disposed coaxially with the rack shaft in the gear housing; and a ball screw device that converts a rotational output of the electric motor into an axial movement of the rack shaft. The ball screw device includes: a ball screw shaft provided integrally with the rack shaft; and a ball nut mounted on a motor shaft rotated by the electric motor and screwed to the ball screw shaft via a rolling ball; A tightening nut that is screwed onto the motor shaft and fastens the ball nut to an end surface of the motor shaft. A key groove is formed in the portion, and a punch is driven from the outer periphery of the motor shaft toward the key groove of the ball nut to deform the inner periphery of the motor shaft and engage with the key groove of the ball nut. The deflector is mounted at equiangular intervals in the circumferential direction of the ball nut and at intervals in the axial direction of the ball nut, and the ball nut is inserted into the key groove formed in the ball nut. That is, the deflector mounted on one end is disposed at an angular position that does not face the diameter direction.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the deflector mounted on one end of the ball nut is disposed at an angular position different by 90 degrees with respect to the keyway formed in the ball nut. It is.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the key of the ball nut among the plurality of deflectors mounted at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction of the ball nut and at intervals in the axial direction of the ball nut. Since the deflector corresponding to the groove side is arranged at an angular position that does not face the key groove in the diametrical direction, even if the ball nut is deformed by driving the punch from the outer periphery of the motor shaft toward the key groove of the ball nut The influence on the rolling motion of the rolling ball circulating through the deflector can be reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the key groove formed on the ball nut is disposed at an angular position that is 90 degrees different from the deflector attached to one end of the ball nut. The effect of driving a punch toward the side can be minimized.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an entire electric power steering apparatus 10 including a deflector-type ball screw device according to the present embodiment. The electric power steering apparatus 10 extends in the left-right direction of the vehicle. The housing 11 includes a pinion shaft 12 that is rotated by a steering wheel (not shown), a rack shaft 13 that has rack teeth 13 a that mesh with the pinion shaft 12, and the rack shaft 13 coaxially. The arranged electric motor 14 and a ball screw device 15 for converting the rotational movement of the electric motor 14 into the axial movement of the rack shaft 13 are provided.

  The housing 11 includes a cylindrical motor housing 16 and hollow rack housings 17 and 18 that are coaxially fitted to both ends of the motor housing 16, and mounting portions 17 a and 18 a formed on the rack housings 17 and 18. It is designed to be supported by a vehicle body not shown.

  A rack shaft 13 is inserted into the housing 11 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and both ends of the rack shaft 13 are connected to left and right steering wheels via tie rods. Is steered in the left-right direction.

  A ball screw shaft 20 constituting the ball screw device 15 is formed at one end of the rack shaft 13. As shown in FIG. 2, the ball screw device 15 includes a ball screw shaft 20 having a spiral thread groove 20a on the outer peripheral surface, a ball nut 21 having a spiral thread groove 21a on the inner peripheral surface, and a ball screw shaft. A plurality of rolling balls 24 that roll in the ball raceway 23 formed between the 20 screw grooves 20a and the screw groove 21a of the ball nut 21, and a rolling ball between two adjacent screw grooves 20a and 21a. And a deflector 25 that returns 24. The ball nut 21 is mounted in a motor shaft 41 that constitutes a rotor of the electric motor 14 described later, and is fixed integrally to the motor shaft 41 by screwing with a tightening nut 26 as shown in FIG. Thus, the rack shaft 13 is reciprocated in the axial direction together with the ball screw shaft 20 by forward and reverse rotation of the ball nut 21 by the motor shaft 41.

  The ball nut 21 is formed with a substantially oval fitting hole 31 obliquely extending across the two screw grooves 21a sandwiching the screw thread in the radial direction. The fitting hole 31 has an axial position and a circumferential direction. Plural (4 places) are provided on the circumference with different positions. A step portion 31 a is formed in the fitting hole 31, and a deflector 25 having a configuration to be described later is attached to the fitting hole 31 at a position where the deflector 25 is engaged with the step portion 31 a. The deflector 25 is provided with a return groove 35 having a semicircular cross section that smoothly connects the two screw grooves 21a and a substantially S-shape in the longitudinal direction.

  Assembling of the deflector 25 into the ball nut 21 is performed by inserting the deflector 25 into the fitting hole 31 of the ball nut 21 from the leg 33 side and engaging with the step 31 a of the fitting hole 31. In this state, the deflector 25 is fixed to the ball nut 21 by means such as caulking, whereby the movement of the deflector 25 in the radial direction is restricted. In this state, as shown in FIG. 2, the deflector 25 is disposed so as to cross between the screw grooves 21 a across the adjacent screw grooves 21 a.

  Thus, when the ball screw shaft 20 is incorporated into the ball nut 21 to which the deflector 25 is mounted, both end portions of the return groove 35 are smoothly connected between the screw grooves 20 a and 21 a between the ball screw shaft 20 and the ball nut 21. . As a result, a ball circulation passage 40 that circulates the rolling ball 24 through an infinite ball raceway 23 between the ball screw shaft 20 and the ball nut 21 is formed. Then, a plurality of sets (four sets) of the ball circulation passages 40 are arranged in the axial direction, and the ball screw device 15 is configured.

  By the way, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the above-described ball nut 21 has a key groove 50 as a processing reference for processing the screw groove 21 a, the fitting hole 31, and the like on the ball nut 21 at one end outer periphery. Is formed. In the present embodiment, the key groove 50 is used to provide a fail safe so that the ball nut 21 does not rotate relative to the motor shaft 41 even if irregularity occurs. That is, after the ball nut 21 is screwed and fixed to the motor shaft 41 by the tightening nut 26, a punch is driven in from the outer peripheral position P1 (see FIG. 3) of the motor shaft 41 corresponding to the key groove 50. By deforming the circumference and biting it into the key groove 50, the ball nut 21 can be prevented from rotating relative to the motor shaft 41 even if the ball nut 21 cannot be stopped by the tightening nut 26. .

  In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the key groove 50 is 90 degrees with respect to the angular position of the fitting hole 31 into which the deflector 25 arranged closest to the end of the ball nut 21 is fitted. They are formed at different angular positions. Therefore, after the ball nut 21 is screwed and fixed to the motor shaft 41 by the tightening nut 26, the punch driving position (P1) on the outer periphery of the motor shaft 41 is affected by punching as shown in FIG. The position differs by 90 degrees with respect to the 25 angular positions. In other words, the punching direction is the direction along the rolling direction of the rolling ball 24 circulating through the deflector 25, and the path of the rolling ball 24 entering the deflector 25 and the rolling ball 24 discharged from the deflector 25. The influence on the area can be reduced.

  Accordingly, in a vehicle equipped with the electric power steering device 10 using the ball screw device 15 having such a configuration, the rolling load of the rolling ball 24 when passing through the deflector 25 is reduced as the steering wheel is steered. Since the rolling ball 24 can roll smoothly, the sliding sound (operation sound) can be reduced and the steering feeling can be improved.

  The electric motor 14 applies an assist force in the axial direction to the ball screw shaft 20 (rack shaft 13) via the ball screw device 15, and includes a motor shaft 41 formed of a hollow rotor and a stator 42. Yes. The motor shaft 41 is rotatably supported by the motor housing 16 via bearings 43 and 44, and the ball screw shaft 20 is coaxially inserted into the hollow hole of the motor shaft 41. A plurality of flat permanent magnets 45 are bonded to the outer periphery of the motor shaft 41, and a stator 42 is mounted on the inner periphery of the motor housing 16 so as to face the permanent magnet 45. The stator 42 includes a plurality of coils 46, and the motor shaft 41 is rotated by causing the magnetic flux generated by energizing the coils 46 to act on the permanent magnet 45.

  Next, the operation of the electric power steering apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described. When a steering wheel (not shown) is steered, steering torque is transmitted to an input shaft (not shown), and the rack shaft 13 is moved in the axial direction via a rack and pinion mechanism including the pinion shaft 12 and the rack teeth 13a.

  The steering torque applied to the input shaft is detected by a torque sensor (not shown), and the rotational position of the motor shaft 41 of the electric motor 14 is detected by a rotation angle detection sensor (not shown). The electric motor 14 is controlled based on the steering torque and the rotational position of the motor shaft 41, and an assist force is generated. The assist force generated by the electric motor 14 is converted into the axial movement of the rack shaft 13 by the ball screw device 15, and the steering force of the steering wheel by the driver is reduced.

  By the way, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the key groove 50 formed in the ball nut 21 is 90 degrees with respect to the angular position of the deflector 25 disposed closest to the end of the ball nut 21. Since the different angular positions are arranged, the ball nut 21 is screwed and fixed to the motor shaft 41 by the tightening nut 26, and then the punch is driven from the outer peripheral position P1 of the motor shaft 41, so that the ball nut 21 is slightly deformed into an elliptical shape. Even so, since the deflector 25 is arranged in such a relationship that the gap with the ball screw shaft 20 does not change due to the deformation of the ball nut 21, it hardly affects the rolling operation of the rolling ball 24 circulating through the deflector 25. Can not be. In other words, the punching direction is the direction along the direction of the rolling ball 24 entering and exiting the deflector 25, and the passage area of the rolling ball 24 entering the deflector 25 and the rolling ball 24 discharged from the deflector 25. The impact on can be minimized.

  Accordingly, in a vehicle equipped with the electric power steering device 10 using the ball screw device 15 having such a configuration, the rolling load of the rolling ball 24 when passing through the deflector 25 is reduced as the steering wheel is steered. The sliding sound of the rolling ball 24 can be reduced, and the steering feeling can be improved.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the angular relationship between the deflector 25 disposed closest to the end of the ball nut 21 and the key groove 50 is shifted by 90 degrees has been described. The correspondence relationship with 50 is not necessarily limited to 90 degrees, and the above-described effects can also be enjoyed by shifting by a predetermined angle, preferably 45 degrees or more, from the positional relationship corresponding to at least the diameter line. .

1 is an overall view of an electric power steering apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the ball screw apparatus cut | disconnected along 2-2 line | wire of FIG. It is a figure which shows the assembly | attachment state of the ball nut with respect to the motor shaft of FIG. It is an external view which shows a ball nut. It is the figure seen from the arrow 5 direction of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the relationship between the keyway of the ball nut which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and a deflector. It is a related figure of the keyway of a ball nut and a deflector which shows a comparative example with an embodiment of the invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electric power steering device, 13 ... Rack shaft, 14 ... Electric motor, 15 ... Ball screw device, 20 ... Ball screw shaft, 21a ... Ball screw groove, 21. .. Ball nut, 21a... Thread groove, 24 .. rolling ball, 25 .. deflector, 26 .. tightening nut, 31 .. fitting hole, 41. ..Key groove, P1 ... punch driving position.

Claims (2)

A gear housing, a rack shaft that is inserted in the gear housing so as to be movable in the axial direction and connected to an input shaft via a rack and pinion mechanism, and an electric motor that is coaxially arranged in the gear housing with the rack shaft And a ball screw device that converts the rotational output of the electric motor into the axial movement of the rack shaft, wherein the ball screw device is provided integrally with the rack shaft. A ball nut mounted on a motor shaft rotated by the electric motor and screwed to the ball screw shaft via a rolling ball, and screwed to the motor shaft and fastened to the end surface of the motor shaft A clamping nut,
A key groove is formed in a part of the outer periphery of the ball nut, and a punch is driven from the outer periphery of the motor shaft toward the key groove of the ball nut to deform the inner periphery of the motor shaft, whereby the key of the ball nut is deformed. Engaging with the groove,
The deflector is mounted at equiangular intervals in the circumferential direction of the ball nut and with an interval in the axial direction of the ball nut, and one end of the ball nut with respect to a keyway formed in the ball nut. An electric power steering device characterized in that the deflector mounted on a portion is disposed at an angular position that does not oppose the diameter direction.   2. The electric power steering apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deflector mounted on one end of the ball nut is disposed at an angular position different by 90 degrees with respect to a keyway formed in the ball nut.

Images