JP4774338B2 - Nail extraction tool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a nail extraction tool for extracting a nail protruding from various building materials such as a concrete structure and a formwork.

Conventionally, in the construction field, etc., as shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5 (a), for example, an electric wire, various cables, etc. (not shown) are inserted inside a concrete housing 50 such as a concrete wall or a concrete ceiling. After the flexible hose 51a is routed, an embedded member 53 for connecting the housing-side flexible hose 51a and the indoor flexible hose 51b from the indoor 52 side is used in order to expose the electric wire and the like to the indoor 52 side. Has been.

As shown in the perspective views of FIGS. 5A and 5B, the embedded member 53 is a plastic product having a hollow 53a inside, and has a connection port 53b with a hose 51a at one end and the other end. A boss portion 53c for nailing and fixing the entire embedded member 53 to the mold 54 or the like is provided at the portion, and a base end portion 53e (see FIG. 5C) of the boss portion 53c is a pulling force from the inside of the cavity 53a. It is formed thin so that it can be easily removed.

The embedded member 53 is used by first bringing the opening 53d into contact with the mold surface 54a indicated by a two-dot chain line in a state where the hose 51a is connected to the embedded member 53, and using the screw nail 55 from the boss portion 53c. The frame 54 is fixed with nails.

Next, after placing the concrete, the formwork 54 is removed, and the formwork of the embedded member 53 is removed from the boss portion 53c of the embedded member 53 as shown in the partial longitudinal sectional views of FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (c). The nail 55 projecting toward the interior 52 beyond the contact surface 53f with 54 is swung to the left and right as shown by the arrow in the figure by the pliers 56 together with the boss portion 53c.

As described above, since the base end portion 53e of the boss portion 53c is formed thin, this portion is broken, and the screw nail 55 is easily detached from the embedded member 53 together with the boss portion 53c. In this state, the embedded member 53 remains embedded in the concrete housing 50, and the opening 5
It is possible to perform indoor connection work such as electric wires using 3d.

However, the extraction work of the screw nail 55 by such pliers 56 is performed by the pliers 56.
The boss 5c is subjected to fatigue embrittlement due to the repeated load of the above, and it takes a considerable time until the boss 53c is pulled out, and for the work in the limited narrow cavity 53a, the pliers 5
There was a problem that the peristaltic range of 6 was restricted.

Further, unlike the embedded member 53 shown in FIG. 5 described above, some embedded members have a type in which the screw nail 55 does not protrude from the cavity 53a.

This type is shown in the embedded member 53A shown in the partial longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 6A and the bottom view of FIG. 6B.

As shown in the figure, this type is a plastic product in which a flange-like pedestal 57, a body portion 58 and a head portion 59 are integrated, and a nut 60 into which a suspension bolt 59 inserted from the interior 52 is screwed.
In the head 59 and a plurality (three in the figure) of fixing nails 61 to the formwork 54 from the pedestal 57 to the room 5
It is embedded in the thickness part 58a of the trunk | drum 58 in the state which protrudes in 2 side.

In use, the entire embedded member 53A is directed to the formwork surface 54a, the head 59 is struck with a hammer and driven into the formwork 54 with a nail 61, and then concrete is placed and the formwork 54 is removed. Then, the nail 61 protruding toward the indoor 52 side is removed, and the thin portion 5 of the flange 57 is removed.
7a is broken and the suspension bolt 59 is inserted from the chamber 52, and is screwed into the nut 60 and fixed.

In this type of nail extraction operation, the nail 61 protrudes from the pedestal 57 so as to approach each other, and therefore, when the pliers are bent to the left and right, there is a problem that it is difficult to work with the adjacent nail. In order to directly extract the nail 61 protruding from 57, a strong gripping force and extraction force were required.

Conventional nail removal tools include those described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, for example, in addition to the pliers. Of these, the nail extraction in Patent Document 1 is omitted in the figure, but it is composed of a structure in which a nail extraction is attached to the pliers, and a pillow-like member that serves as a fulcrum for pulling between the gripping part and the fulcrum of the pliers. When the nail is pulled out, the nail is held by the tip of the pliers and is pulled out with the pillow-shaped member as a fulcrum.

On the other hand, the nail extraction in Patent Document 2 is a structure in which a wide arc-shaped pillow member is fixed to the end portion of the fulcrum shaft of the nipper, and causes the nail to be sandwiched when the nail is pulled out in the longitudinal direction of the fulcrum shaft.

However, even in these conventional nail extractions, since the lever fulcrum is too far away from the pliers tip in the handle direction, the pulling force applied to the pliers tip is not sufficient.

In addition, even if the lever fulcrum is brought close to the pliers tip in order to obtain a large pulling force, the pillow-shaped member cushions with the nail when gripping the nail, so that there is a problem that the nail extraction effect is not sufficient. .

In particular, when the embedded member 53 is used, the lever fulcrum at the time of pulling out falls into the cavity 53a, which is very difficult to use.
JP 2001-198852 A (Pillow fulcrum 2 in FIG. 1) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-673 (fulcrum 2 in FIGS. 1 to 3)

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a nail extraction tool that can easily extract a protruding nail with a large extraction force regardless of the situation of the protruding portion of the nail. Objective.

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In order to solve the above-described problem, a nail removal tool according to claim 1 includes a cavity having an opening, the opening abuts against a concrete mold, and the nail protrudes from the opening through the cavity through the mold. A nail extraction tool for pulling out a nail protruding from a concrete surface after removing the formwork of the concrete embedded member fixed to the concrete formwork with a nail, from the embedded member,
A gripping portion having a pair of operation levers capable of approaching and separating; and
A pivot part pivotally pivoting the pair of operation levers;
A main body having a pair of sandwiching portions for sandwiching or releasing the projecting nail via the pivotal support by moving the pair of operation levers close to or apart from each other;
The concrete surface or the formwork of the buried member before the nail is clamped in the vicinity of at least one of the pair of sandwiching portions and the sandwiching portion faces the nail shaft. Nail at a position where the pair of holding parts are opposed to the protruding nail shaft at a position where the holding part can be contacted substantially in a state where the nipping part is held. When the shaft is clamped and the main body is inclined in a direction in which the pair of clamping portions are close to each other with respect to the nail shaft, the concrete surface or the contact surface with the formwork of the embedded member is contacted. And providing a fulcrum part to be a fulcrum for pulling out the nail,
The fulcrum portion has a length that can be installed in the opening, and is formed to protrude from both sides of the clamping portion.

The nail removal tool according to claim 2 is dependent on claim 1, and a width in a pivotal portion axial direction of the gripping blade portion of the pair of holding portions is narrower than an opening width of the embedded member. ,
The fulcrum portion can be brought into contact with a contact surface with the concrete surface or the formwork of the embedded member before the nipping portion is nipped at a position where the nipping shaft faces the nail shaft.

A nail removal tool according to a third aspect is dependent on the first or second aspect, and is characterized in that a link mechanism is interposed in at least one of the gripping part and the clamping part.

Nail pull tool according to claim 4 is dependent on claim 3, each clamping portion of the previous SL pair of holding portions, each of said pair of operating levers by the interposed pinching portion link mechanism It is arranged to be almost parallel to the lever,
The fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum for pulling out the previous Kikugi,
It is characterized in that it is arranged in the vicinity of the sandwiching part located on the side of the direction in which at least the main body part is inclined among the pair of sandwiching parts.

The nail removal tool according to claim 5 is dependent on claim 4 , and the pair of clamping parts are clamped so that the grip part side base ends of the respective clamping parts are beyond the pivot part from both sides of the pivot part. At the first coupling point of the gripping portion distal end protruding to the part side, the first link is coupled so as to be rotatable,
The front end portion side of each sandwiching portion is rotatable at the second joining point where the distance from the sandwiching portion distal end portion is smaller than the distance from the first joining point by the opposing sandwiching portion and the link piece. Two links are combined.

A nail removal tool according to claim 6 is dependent on claim 3 ,
The interposition position of the link mechanism is the clamping part and the grip part,
In the link mechanism, the pair of sandwiching portions are arranged so as to intersect with the levers of the pair of operation levers,
The gripping portion side proximal ends of the intersecting sandwiching portions are pivotally coupled at the first link point from the pivotal support portion toward the gripping portion side proximal end portion on the gripping portion,
The front end side of each clamping part is second link-coupled by a crossing pin at a second coupling point where the distance from the clamping part tip part is smaller than the distance from the first coupling point. It is characterized by being.

Nail pull tool according to claim 7 is according to any one of claims 1 to 6, that one contact surface of the clamping portion of one of said pair of holding portions is formed in an uneven shape It is characterized by.

The nail extraction device according to claim 8 is a concrete embedding member provided with a cavity having an opening,
A concrete embedding member that abuts the concrete mold and abuts the concrete mold to penetrate the cavity and projects a nail from the opening to fix the concrete mold;
Characterized in that it consists of a claw tool according to claim 1 or 2 is used to pull out the nails from the concrete embedded member.

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According to the nail extraction tool of claim 1 , the nail extraction object includes a cavity having an opening, the opening abuts against a concrete mold, and the nail protrudes from the opening through the mold through the cavity. Because the nail protruding from the concrete surface after removing the formwork of the concrete embedding member fixed to the concrete formwork with a nail is pulled out by a nail extraction tool that protrudes on both sides of the sandwiching part with a length that can be installed in the opening, Even if the nail penetrates the cavity of the embedded member and protrudes to the outside, the nipping part of the tool does not fall into the cavity as in the conventional nail removal tool. In addition, the fulcrum part of this tool can be pulled out at the position closest to the nail in contact with the contact surface with the concrete surface or the formwork of the embedded member. A very large pulling force increased by the action can be applied and can be pulled out easily.

According to the nail removal tool of the second aspect , the width of the pivot portion axial direction in the barb portion of the pair of sandwiching portions is narrower than the opening width of the embedded member, and the fulcrum portion is Since the nipping portion can abut against the concrete surface or the abutment surface of the embedded member before the nail is nipped at the position facing the nail axis, the tip of the nail temporarily protrudes from the opening. Even if it is a long thing that cushions the clamping part, the nail can be easily clamped without any trouble by shifting the clamping part to the side.

According to the nail removal tool of the third aspect , since the link mechanism is provided on at least one of the holding portion and the gripping portion, a further increased holding force can be applied to the protruding nail. it can.

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According to the nail extraction tool of the fourth aspect , as the link mechanism of the nail extraction tool of the third aspect, a two-stage link mechanism (so-called double magnification) in which the pair of clamping portions are directly connected to the pair of gripping portions substantially in parallel. When the operator tilts the entire tool with the fulcrum as a fulcrum while applying a gripping force to the gripping part, the pair of clamping parts are simultaneously synchronized with the movement of the worker's gripping part. They approach each other in the center direction with an enlarged force.

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  The direction of this force is the same as the direction of the force that tilts the entire tool as a lever fulcrum because the pair of clamping parts are directly connected to the pair of gripping parts in a substantially parallel manner. By simply rotating the nail removal tool in one direction, it is possible to simultaneously share the two directions of force in the direction of clamping the nail and the direction of rotation for pulling out the nail by lever action, making it easier to pull out the nail. it can.

According to the nail removal tool of claim 5 , since the two-stage link mechanism has a mode in which the pair of sandwiching portions are directly connected to the pair of gripping portions substantially in parallel, the fulcrum while the operator applies a gripping force to the gripping portion. When the entire tool is tilted with the portion as a fulcrum, the pair of sandwiching portions simultaneously approach each other with the force expanded in the center direction in synchronization with the movement of the gripping portion of the operator.

According to the nail removal tool of the sixth aspect , since the link mechanism is provided on at least one of the holding portion and the gripping portion, a further increased holding force can be applied to the protruding nail. it can.

According to the nail removal tool of the seventh aspect, since one contact surface of the pair of holding portions is formed in an uneven shape, the nail can be securely held. Therefore, when pulling out the nail, the nail is unlikely to come out of the holding portion.

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According to the claw device according to claim 8, the claw tool according to claim 1 or 2, Ri consists device between concrete embedding member, that have a effect of each nail pull tool.

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  Hereinafter, the best mode (example) for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an example of a nail extraction tool according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view of the overall configuration of the nail extraction tool 1, FIG. 1 (b) is a left side view thereof, FIG. 2 (a) to FIG. 2 (f) are detailed views of components of the nipping part 4 of the nail extraction tool 1 shown in FIG.

First, with reference to FIG. 1 (a) and FIG.1 (b), the whole structure of the nail extraction tool 1 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 1, the nail removal tool 1 of the present invention includes a gripping part 2, a pivotal support part 3, and a clamping part 4.

The grip portion 2 is a portion to which the operator applies grip force, and the shape, length, material, and the like are not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, a pair of steel operation levers 2 a having a substantially “U” cross section is formed, and the tip end portion 2 b extends in the direction of the sandwiching portion 4 beyond a pivot portion 3 described later. On the other hand, proximal end 2 at hand
The length c is long enough for an operator to hold, and a protective cover made of synthetic resin is wound around the surface.

Reference numeral 2d is a spring for constantly applying an urging force in the “open” direction to the lever 2a, and is mounted in the lever sheath. Reference numeral 2e is a stopper for setting the closing position of the lever 2a, and is composed of a bolt and a nut. Reference numeral 2f is a latch for preventing the lever 2a biased in the opening direction from being opened any further.

The pivot portion 3 serves as a fulcrum for transmitting the opening / closing operation of the lever 2 a to the next clamping portion 4 by pivotally supporting the pair of operation levers 2 a of the grip portion 2. In this example,
It has a pinning structure that pivotally supports a pair of operation levers 2a, and the aforementioned spring 2d is mounted on the outer periphery thereof.
The clamping part 4 is for clamping the protruding part (not shown) of the nail from both sides thereof, and is constituted by a pair of clamping parts composed of a head A with a blade and a head B with a fulcrum part.
The bladed head A, which is one clamping part, has a base end part 4a that is pivotally linked by a tip part 2b of the operating lever 2a and a pin 4b, and a tapered part at the tip part 4c of the head A. 1 d is formed in a wide width W as shown in FIG. 1 (b) in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 (a).
On the other hand, the head B with the fulcrum part, which is the other clamping part, has its base end part 4a linked to the operation lever 2a and the pin 4b so as to be rotatable like the head A and in the vicinity of the tip part 4c. The blade receiving portion 4j and the fulcrum portion 4e are provided.

The blade receiving portion 4j is a portion that comes into contact with the gripping blade 4d of the head A at a position opposite to the blade receiving portion 4j, and securely engages with the gripping blade 4d of the bladed head A, and the nail of the directly facing nail This is to securely clamp the nail shaft with a certain length.
The fulcrum portion 4e is brought into contact with the reference surface F when the nail 55 protruding from the reference surface F, which will be described later with reference to FIG. It is formed so as to project in a “T” shape on both sides of the sandwiching portion 4, and its full width L is formed to be wider (L> W) than the tail edge 4 d of the bladed head A. Yes.
The width L of the fulcrum part 4e is not particularly limited. However, in the case where the nail 55 protrudes from the opening 53d toward the room 52 as in the embedded member 53 described above with reference to FIG. In order to ensure that the fulcrum part 4e is installed in contact with the reference plane F, it is preferable to set the fulcrum part 4e longer than the inner width of the opening 53d.

The fulcrum portion 4e is disposed at a position facing the nail axis and can contact the reference plane F before the nail is clamped, or both heads A and B clamp the nail. In this state, it is a position where it can substantially contact the reference plane F. This is because, at these positions, the fulcrum portion 4e can be reliably brought into contact with the reference plane F, and the fulcrum portion 4e can be brought closest to the reference plane F, so that the maximum nail removal effect can be exhibited.

In this embodiment, the fulcrum part 4e is arranged on the right side of the figure, but the head A with blade and the head B with fulcrum part may be replaced with each other on the left side of the figure. May be provided on both sides. In other words, it may be provided in at least one of the pair of heads A and B. Both heads A and B are coupled to each other by a plate-like member 4f at a position near the tip, and are linked by a pin 4g so as to be rotatable. Therefore, in the sandwiching portion 4 of this embodiment, each of the pair of heads A and B is disposed substantially parallel to each lever of the pair of operation levers 2a, and the base end portions 4a of both the heads A and B are provided. The first link is rotatably coupled at the first coupling point (pin 4b position) of the gripping portion distal end portion 2b protruding from both sides of the pivot portion 3 toward the clamping portion 4, and the heads A and B are clamped. On the part 4 side, at the second coupling point (pin 4g position) where the distance from the cutting edge 4d and the blade receiving part 4j is smaller than the distance from the first coupling point, the first and the second coupling parts can be rotated by link pieces. Since two links are connected, the booster link mechanism 5 is constituted by these members.

That is, the booster link mechanism 5 includes a first-stage booster link mechanism having the pivot 3 as a pivot and a second-stage booster link having the pin 4g as a pivot. In FIG. 4b, a two-stage booster link mechanism is formed which is rotatably coupled.

Since the nail removal tool 1 of this embodiment is provided with such a two-stage booster link mechanism 5 on the holding part 4 side, one holding part 4 (head A side) is held on one pin via the pin 4b. Can be directly connected to part 2,
Similarly, the other sandwiching portion 4 (head B side) can be directly connected to the other gripping portion 2 via the pin 4b, and the pair of sandwiching portions and the pair of gripping portions are arranged substantially in parallel. The pivot part 3 can be pivotally coupled.

According to this aspect, although the details will be described with reference to FIG.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the structure of the head A with a blade and the head B with a fulcrum part which are the main components of the clamping part 4 is demonstrated in detail.

2A is a front view of the bladed head A, and FIG. 2B is a left side view thereof. FIG. 2 (c)
Is a front view of the head B with a fulcrum part, FIG. 2 (d) is a right side view thereof, and FIG. 2 (e) is FIG. 2 (c).
FIG. 2F is a left side view of the head B with the fulcrum portion.

2 (a) and 2 (b), the bladed head A is an elongated plate-like member, and a tip blade having a width W extending in the same direction as the axial direction of the pivotal support portion 3 at the tip portion 4c. 4d is formed,
A first link hole 4h and a second link hole 4i serving as fulcrums for the first link and the second link connection are formed in front of the base end 4a and the gripping blade 4d, respectively.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D, the fulcrum head B has a base end portion 4a made of a plate-like member, and the first link hole 4h and the second link hole 4i The formed points are the same as those of the head A with a blade described above, but the fulcrum part 4e and the blade receiving part 4j are provided in the vicinity of the tip part 4c.
The configuration is greatly different in that

As shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 2 (f), the width W of the blade receiving portion 4j is the same as the width W of the gripper blade 4d of the bladed head A, but the nail removal tool for the blade receiving portion 4j is used. The dimension H along the longitudinal direction of 1 is formed several times longer than that of the tail edge 4d of the bladed head A, and is formed so as to occupy a certain area.

As shown in FIG. 2 (f), the blade receiving portion 4j is preferably subjected to knurling or other retaining processing so that it is not easily pulled out when the nail is pulled out. It is preferable that the contact surface is subjected to hardening, nitriding, and other hardening processes so as to withstand. The same applies to the tail edge 4d of the head A with blade.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (d) and 2 (f), the fulcrum part 4e is a rod-like member having a circular cross section having a length L that is much longer than the length of the blade receiving part 4j described above. Of course, the cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited, and may be a triangle or an ellipse with the reference plane F direction as a vertex.

The material of both the heads A and B described above is not particularly limited, and for example, chromium molybdenum steel, tool steel, and the like are preferable. In addition, the contact portion between the cutting blade 4d and the blade receiving portion 4j is
What is hard to produce abrasion by repeated use by the quenching process, nitriding process, etc. which were mentioned above is preferable.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the effect of the nail extraction tool 1 which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.

In addition, the thing of the same code | symbol of the member demonstrated with the above-mentioned drawing has shown that it is the same member.

First, in the state of FIG. 3A, the formwork 54 described with reference to FIG.
Is embedded in the concrete housing 50 in a state where it is in contact with the contact surface 53f with the formwork 54, and the tip of the screw nail 55 protrudes from the reference surface F toward the chamber 52 side from the boss portion 53c. .

Here, the “reference plane F” refers to the plane of the mating member with which the fulcrum 4e of the head B abuts. For example, when the mating member is only the concrete surface 50a, the concrete surface 50a is the reference surface F, and when the mating member 53 is a buried member 53 as shown in the figure,
The reference surface F is the contact surface 53f with the mold 54 (excluding the opening 53d portion because it is a contact surface).

With respect to the screw nail 55 in this state, the entire nail removal tool 1 is positioned so as to face the protruding nail shaft and the fulcrum part 4e of the head B with the fulcrum part is in contact with the reference plane F. The shaft is clamped between the blade 4d of the head A with blade and the blade receiving portion 4j of the head B with fulcrum portion.

At this time, since the fulcrum part 4e of the head B is formed on the left side of this part as shown in FIG. It can be installed on the contact surface 53f beyond the inner width of the opening 53d of 53, and its installation position is also stable.

The screw nail 55 is usually clamped at the position of the solid line in the figure. However, as in the case of the screw nail 55a indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure, the tip portion protrudes from the opening 53d and both heads A, B or the link piece 4f. Even if the head is long enough to cushion, both the head A 4 d and the blade receiving portion 4 j of the head B abutting against it are formed with a wide width W, so both heads A , B can be shifted to the right in the figure, and can be clamped without any trouble at the position of the two-dot chain line in the figure.

Furthermore, since the tail edge 4d and the blade receiving portion 4j are formed to have a wide width W, even if the nail 55 is not long, an obstacle protrudes on the reference plane F. The same applies to the case where the end of the portion 4e interferes with an obstacle. The head can be moved laterally within the range of the width W, so that it can be clamped without any trouble, and the nail removal tool of this embodiment is flexible in the surrounding environment. It has a high degree of freedom to deal with.

Next, an increased clamping force by the booster link mechanism 5 is applied to the nail 55 through the pivotal support portion 3 by the operator's gripping force F1 applied to the gripping portion 2.

Specifically, the length from the point P of the gripping force to the pivot 3 is L1, the length from the pivot 3 to the pin 4b is L2, the length from the pin 4b to the pin 4g is L3, and both from the pin 4g Head A, B
When the length to the clamping point Q is L4 and the operator's gripping force F1 is applied to the operating point P, the gripping blade 4d of the head A and the blade receiving portion 4j of the head B simultaneously approach in the center direction and clamp. A pinching force F <b> 2 according to the following expression is applied to the point Q by the booster link mechanism 5.

F2 = F1 × (L1 / L2) × (L3 / L4)
That is, the clamping force F2 at the clamping point Q is (L1) by the above-described first-stage booster link mechanism.
/ L2) times and further enlarged by (L3 / L4) times by the second stage booster link mechanism, so that the nail 55 is very It is clamped with a large clamping force.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), the nail removal tool with the operator abutting the fulcrum part 4e of the head B on the reference plane F and applying the gripping force F1 to the grip part 2. 1 as a whole, the fulcrum part 4
Using e as a lever fulcrum, it is tilted to the tilt angle θ1 in the direction of the arrow (counterclockwise) in the figure.

  At this time, the force applied by the operator to the action point R of the grip portion 2 is F3 at the clamping point Q of both heads A and B, and the contact point S (this The contact point S is a lever fulcrum at the time of inclination.) When the length from the contact point S to the clamping point Q is L6, the length to the clamping point Q is perpendicular to the line segment SR. In the counterclockwise direction, a force F4 according to the following equation is applied.

F4 = F3 × (L5 / L6)
That is, the clamping force F2 due to the gripping force and the force F4 due to the lever action act on the clamping point Q.

  Of these two forces, the force F4 has two component forces: a force for pulling out the screw nail 55 in the direction of the nail axis and a force in a direction perpendicular to the nail axis (a force that inclines the nail and breaks the boss portion 53c). It is divided into. Since these two component forces have a considerably large (L5 / L6) ratio according to the principle of the present invention in the present invention, a very large force acts. Therefore, the operator can continue the extraction operation smoothly without losing the pulling reaction force from the nail 55.

  At this time, the nail removal tool 1 of this embodiment is provided with the two-stage booster link mechanism 5 on the holding portion 4 side as shown in FIG. 4b is directly connected to the gripping part 2 side, and is pivotally coupled to the pivotal support part 3 in a state of being arranged substantially in parallel, so that the operator can pull out the nail 55 to the whole nail removal tool 1 When the force F3 is applied to the side, the direction in which the operator grips the operation handle 2a with the force F1 is the same as the direction of the force F3 that tilts the entire tool 1 with the fulcrum portion 4e as the lever fulcrum. The force F1 applied to the portion 2 is increased by the booster link mechanism 5 via the pivot portion 3, and directly acts on the clamping point Q of both heads A and B.

Therefore, the nail removal tool 1 of the present embodiment has the nail 55 in a state where the operator holds the grip portion 2 with the force F1.
When a force is applied to the inclined side that pulls out, a clamping force in the direction of clamping the nail 55 directly acts on the clamping point Q, and the clamping force that is further increased at the clamping point Q (FIG. 1A). Is greater than the clamping force F2.

  Therefore, the screw nail 55 is tilted while being clamped by an even stronger clamping force, and is pulled out in the nail axis direction.

Thus, when the inclination of the entire nail removal tool 1 further proceeds and becomes the state of FIG. 3D (inclination angle θ1 <θ2), the base end portion 53e of the boss portion 53c is formed thin as described above. The nail 55 is detached from the embedded member 53 together with the boss portion 53c from this portion, and is pulled out to the lower right and lower in the drawing.

The inclination angle θ2 of the entire tool 1 at this time is slight because the above-described strong pulling force can be applied to the nail 55 in a state where the fulcrum portion 4e is in contact with the contact surface 53f closest to the clamping point Q. A sufficient inclination angle is sufficient. For example, when there is an obstacle or the like that cushions around the fulcrum 4e or in the rotation direction of the tool, it can be easily pulled out.

On the other hand, when there are no obstacles or the like, the nail removal tool 1 of the present invention is different from the conventional nail removal tool in that the fulcrum part 4e is present at the position closest to the contact surface 53f. ) To a position close to approximately 90 °, and the pulling distance with respect to the nail 55 can be increased by a single tilting operation. Therefore, the nail 55 can be reliably pulled out by one tilting operation without adding another tilting operation.

As described above, the nail removal tool 1 of the present invention is clamped with the clamping force F2 amplified by the booster link mechanism 5 with respect to the screw nail 55 by the characteristic configuration of the clamping part 4 having the fulcrum part 4e at the tip part. However, since a strong pulling force can be applied by the two component forces of the force F4 due to the lever action, it can be pulled out easily.

  The inclination direction of the nail removal tool 1 is the counterclockwise direction in the case of this embodiment type, but is inclined in the clockwise direction in the case where the fulcrum portion 4e is on the head A side on the left side of the drawing. . In the case where the fulcrum portion 4e is in both heads A and B, an arbitrary direction is selected depending on the surrounding space that can be tilted and the dominant hand of the operator.

  In the present embodiment, the screw nail 55 has been described as an object to be nail-extracted in which the tip portion protrudes from the inside of the cavity 53a of the embedded member 53 toward the interior 52, but this is the most preferable embodiment of the present invention. Of course, the head may protrude to the inside of the room, and the present invention is not limited to the nail and can be applied to any wire or other material that can be clamped.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of another example of the nail removal tool according to the present invention, and is an example in which a booster link mechanism is also disposed on the gripping portion 2A side. In addition, the thing of the same code | symbol of the member demonstrated with the above-mentioned drawing has shown that it is the same member.

In the nail removal tool 1A of the type shown in FIG. 4, a pair of operation levers 2k are rotatably linked at a pivotal support 3A at the tip, and at a position away from the pivotal support 3A toward the operation lever 2k. The clamping part 4A in a state where the head A with a blade and the head B with a fulcrum part intersect at an intersecting pin 4k (second coupling point) is link-coupled rotatably at a pin 21 (first coupling point), These members constitute a booster link mechanism 6.

Reference numeral 2m denotes a spring for urging the pair of operation handles 2k to be normally open.

That is, the booster link mechanism 6 includes a first-stage booster link mechanism having the pivot 3A as a rotation fulcrum and a second-stage booster link mechanism having the cross pin 4k as a rotation fulcrum. A two-stage booster link mechanism is formed that is rotatably coupled to the pin 2l.

Therefore, also in this type of nail removal tool 1A, when the operator applies a gripping force F5 to the point of application P of the pair of operating levers 2k and brings them close to each other, the head A with blade and the head B with the fulcrum part of the operating lever 2a In synchronization with the movement, both heads A and B approach each other in the center direction at the same time,
A large clamping force F6 increased by the boost link mechanism 6 can be applied to the clamping point Q of both heads A and B.

Specifically, the length from the point P of gripping force to the pivot 3A is L7, and the length from the pivot 3A to the pin 2
L8 is the length from pin 2l to crossing pin 4k, L9 is the length from crossing pin 4k to pinching point Q of both heads A and B, L is the gripping force F5 Added,
A clamping force F6 according to the following equation is applied to the clamping point Q by the booster link mechanism 6.

F6 = F5 × (L7 / L8) × (L9 / L10)
That is, the clamping force F6 is expanded (L7 / L8) times by the first-stage booster link mechanism, and further expanded (L9 / L10) times by the second-stage booster link mechanism. ,
Also in this embodiment, the nail is clamped with a very large clamping force from both sides of the nail shaft.

In this case, when the worker applies a gripping force F5 to the action point P of the grip portion 2A, the grip portion 2A of the worker
The pair of clamping portions 4A approach each other at the same time in the center direction with the increased clamping force F6 in synchronism with the movement, but the direction of the clamping force F6 at this time is the entire tool 1A with the fulcrum portion 4e as a lever fulcrum. Since the direction of the force to be inclined is the same direction, if the entire nail removal tool 1A is inclined, the nail is further clamped and the nail can be easily pulled out as in the case of the tool 1 of the first embodiment.

FIG. 1A is a plan view of the overall configuration, and FIG. 1B is a left side view of an example of a nail removal tool according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is a front view of a bladed head, FIG. 2B is a left side view thereof, and FIG. 2C is a fulcrum head. 2 (d) is a right side view thereof, FIG. 2 (e) is a plan view of the head with a fulcrum portion of FIG. 2 (c), and FIG. 2 (f) is a left side view thereof. FIGS. 3A and 3B are views for explaining the movement of the nail removal tool of FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 3A is a front view of a partial cross section showing a state in which the nail is held by the nail removal tool, and FIG. Fig. 3 (c) is a front view of a partial cross section showing a state in which an operator applies a force to the tool and tilts the tool, and Fig. 4 (d) shows a nail extracted. It is a front view of the partial cross section which shows the state immediately after. It is a top view of another example of a nail extraction tool concerning the present invention. FIG. 5A is a view showing a state of nail extraction in the prior art, FIG. 5A is a longitudinal sectional view of an embedded member embedded in a concrete frame, FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the embedded member, and FIG. ) Is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a nail protruding from the embedded member is pulled out. FIG. 5A is a longitudinal sectional view of a partial cross section, and FIG. 5B is a bottom view of the embedded member in a form different from that of FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nail extraction tool 1A Nail extraction tool 2 Gripping part 2a Operation lever 3 Pivot part 4 Clamping part 4d Holding edge 4e Supporting point 4j Blade receiving part 4k Crossing pin 5 Boosting link mechanism 6 Boosting link mechanism 53 Embedded member 53A Embedded member 53d Opening 54 Concrete formwork 55 Screw nail A Head with blade B Head with fulcrum F Reference plane Q Holding point

Claims (8)

A concrete embedding member comprising a cavity having an opening, abutting the opening against a concrete mold, and being fixed to the concrete mold with a nail so that the nail protrudes from the opening through the cavity. A nail extraction tool for extracting a nail protruding from a concrete surface after removing a formwork from the embedded member,
A gripping portion having a pair of operation levers capable of approaching and separating; and
A pivot part pivotally pivoting the pair of operation levers;
A main body having a pair of sandwiching portions for sandwiching or releasing the projecting nail via the pivotal support by moving the pair of operation levers close to or apart from each other;
The concrete surface or the formwork of the buried member before the nail is clamped in the vicinity of at least one of the pair of sandwiching portions and the sandwiching portion faces the nail shaft. Nail at a position where the pair of holding parts are opposed to the protruding nail shaft at a position where the holding part can be contacted substantially in a state where the nipping part is held. When the shaft is clamped and the main body is inclined in a direction in which the pair of clamping portions are close to each other with respect to the nail shaft, the concrete surface or the contact surface with the formwork of the embedded member is contacted. And providing a fulcrum part to be a fulcrum for pulling out the nail,
The fulcrum part has a length that can be installed in the opening, and is formed to project from both sides of the clamping part. The width in the pivot portion axial direction of the tail edge portion of the pair of sandwiching portions is narrower than the opening width of the embedded member,
The fulcrum portion can be brought into contact with a contact surface with the concrete surface or the formwork of the embedded member before the nipping portion is nipped at a position where the nipping portion faces the nail shaft. Item 2. A nail removal tool according to item 1 . The nail removal tool according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a link mechanism is interposed in at least one of the grip portion and the clamping portion. Each of the pinching portion of the front Symbol pair of holding portions are arranged substantially parallel to each of the lever of the clamping portion of the pair of operating levers by interposed link mechanism,
The fulcrum portion serving as a fulcrum for pulling out the previous Kikugi,
The nail removal tool according to claim 3, wherein the nail removal tool is disposed in the vicinity of at least one of the pair of sandwiching portions located on the side of the tilting direction of the main body. The pair of sandwiching portions are configured to rotate at a first coupling point of a gripping portion distal end portion in which gripping portion side base ends of the respective sandwiching portions protrude from both sides of the pivot support portion to the sandwiching portion side beyond the pivot support portion. The first link is movably connected,
The front end portion side of each sandwiching portion is rotatable at the second joining point where the distance from the sandwiching portion distal end portion is smaller than the distance from the first joining point by the opposing sandwiching portion and the link piece. The nail removal tool according to claim 4 , wherein the nail removal tool is connected by two links. The interposition position of the link mechanism is the clamping part and the grip part,
In the link mechanism, the pair of sandwiching portions are arranged so as to intersect with the levers of the pair of operation levers,
The gripping portion side proximal ends of the intersecting sandwiching portions are pivotally coupled at the first link point from the pivotal support portion toward the gripping portion side proximal end portion on the gripping portion,
The front end side of each clamping part is second link-coupled by a crossing pin at a second coupling point where the distance from the clamping part tip part is smaller than the distance from the first coupling point. The nail removal tool according to claim 3 , wherein the nail removal tool is one. The nail removal tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an abutment surface of one of the pair of sandwiching portions is formed in an uneven shape. A concrete embedding member having a cavity having an opening, wherein the opening is brought into contact with a concrete formwork, and a nail is protruded from the opening in a state of passing through the cavity in the concrete formwork and fixed to the concrete formwork A concrete buried member to be
The nail extraction device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the nail extraction tool is used for extracting the nail from the concrete embedded member.

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