JP4774228B2 - Pressure vessel and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Description

  For example, in the automobile industry, the housing industry, and the transport machinery industry, the present invention stores hydrogen gas and natural gas as fuel, stores oxygen gas in an oxygen gas supply system, or stores industrial gas. The present invention relates to a pressure vessel used for manufacturing and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In this specification and claims, the term “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum.

  The pressure of the high-pressure gas placed in the pressure vessel described above is mainly about 20 to 35 MPa, but is considered to be about 70 MPa in the future.

  Conventionally, as a pressure vessel of this type, for example, the body of a cup-shaped blank made of aluminum such as JIS A6061 is hot-worked in the axial direction by flow forming to form a cylindrical intermediate blank with a bottom, The opening side end of the blank is formed by spinning, and the mirror part is integrally formed, and a cap part is provided in the center part, a hole for attaching the base is formed in the plug part, and then heat treatment is performed. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

However, in this pressure vessel, since the heat treatment is performed after the hot working, the crystal grains of the portion subjected to strong processing such as spinning molding, particularly the plug portion, are coarsened, and the impact value and fatigue strength are increased. descend. Therefore, in this pressure vessel, there is an increased risk of destruction at the plug portion.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-104762

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a pressure vessel having an increased impact value and fatigue strength of a base mounting portion and a method for manufacturing the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following aspects.

Configuration 1) a cylindrical body, it becomes more and end plate for closing both open ends of the cylinder, the mouthpiece attachment section to one of the end plates is integrally formed with, one of the end plate mouthpiece attachment portion is formed In the pressure vessel comprising the first component member and the second component member constituting the body and the other end plate and joined to the first component member ,
The metal that is the base material in the base mounting part is subjected to a modification process , the crystal grains are refined, and the first end of the first constituent member is modified to 50 to 80% of the total thickness. A pressure vessel that has been refined and crystal grains are refined .

  2) The pressure vessel as described in 1) above, wherein the reforming treatment is applied to 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the base mounting portion and the crystal grains are refined.

  3) The pressure vessel as described in 1) or 2) above, wherein the crystal grain size of the portion subjected to the metal modification treatment as a base material of the base mounting portion is 90 μm or less.

  4) The pressure vessel according to any one of 1) to 3) above, wherein the metal used as a base material for the body, the two end plates, and the base mounting portion is made of aluminum.

  5) The pressure vessel according to any one of the above 1) to 4), wherein the reforming treatment of the base attaching portion is performed by friction stirring using a probe of a friction stir welding tool.

6) Any one of the above 1) to 5), wherein the crystal grain size of the portion of the first constituent member that has undergone the metal modification treatment as the base material of the joint end with the second constituent member is 90 μm or less The pressure vessel according to crab .

7) Of the above 1) to 6) , the modification treatment of the joining end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member is performed by friction stir using the probe of the friction stir welding tool The pressure vessel according to any one of the above.

8) A reinforced pressure vessel in which the outer peripheral surface of the pressure vessel described in any one of 1) to 7) is covered with a fiber reinforced resin layer obtained by impregnating and curing a resin in a reinforcing fiber.

9) The fiber reinforced resin layer includes a helically wound fiber layer in which the reinforcing fiber is wound so as to be inclined with respect to the length direction of the trunk, and a hoop wound fiber layer in which the reinforcing fiber is wound around the trunk. The reinforced pressure vessel as described in 8) above.

10) The reinforced pressure vessel according to 8) or 9) above, wherein a hydrogen storage material is contained therein.

11) Fuel hydrogen reinforcing the pressure vessel, a fuel cell, and has a reinforced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen comprises a pressure line to send the fuel hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, the reinforcing fuel hydrogen pressure vessel is above 8) to 10) of the A fuel cell system comprising the reinforced pressure vessel according to any one of the above.

12) Natural gas reinforced pressure vessel and a natural gas reinforced pressure vessel having a pressure pipe for delivering natural gas from the natural gas reinforced pressure vessel, wherein the natural gas reinforced pressure vessel comprises the reinforced pressure vessel described in 8) or 9) above system.

13) An oxygen gas supply comprising an oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel and a pressure pipe for sending oxygen gas from the oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel, the oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel comprising the reinforced pressure vessel described in 8) or 9) above System .

14) Hot working on the metal material creates a first component consisting of one end plate and a base mounting portion formed integrally with the end plate, and by hot working on the metal material, After the second structural member formed of the other end plate formed integrally with the cylinder and closing one end opening of the cylinder is formed, both components are subjected to heat treatment, and then the probe of the friction stir welding tool is rotated from the outer peripheral surface side. It is embedded in the base attachment part of the first component member, and the probe and the first component member are relatively moved, so that the metal that becomes the base material of the base attachment part is frictionally stirred to refine the crystal grains. In addition, while rotating the probe of the friction stir welding tool, it is embedded from the outer peripheral surface side into the joining end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member, and the probe and the first constituent member are relative to each other. Move to Then, the first constituent member and the second constituent member are subjected to a reforming process in which the metal that becomes the base material of the joint end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member is frictionally stirred to refine the crystal grains, and then the first constituent member and the second constituent member And a method of manufacturing a pressure vessel including joining.

15) When the diameter of the shoulder portion formed around the probe on the end face of the cylindrical rotor of the friction stir welding tool is D mm and the thickness of the base mounting portion of the first component member is T mm, D ≦ 3T The method for producing a pressure vessel as described in 14) above, which satisfies a condition.

16) The method for producing a pressure vessel as described in 14) or 15) above, wherein the probe diameter of the friction stir welding tool is equal to the thickness of the cap mounting portion of the first component member.

17) The method for producing a pressure vessel according to any one of the above 14) to 16) , wherein the reforming treatment is applied to 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the base mounting portion.

18) The diameter of the shoulder formed around the probe on the end surface of the cylindrical rotor of the friction stir welding tool is dmm, and the thickness of the joint end of the first component with the second component is tmm. In the case, the method for producing a pressure vessel according to any one of the above 14) to 17) that satisfies a condition of d ≦ 3t.

19) The method for producing a pressure vessel according to any one of the above 14) to 18) , wherein the first structural member is subjected to a modification treatment on 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the joining end portion with the second structural member. .

20) The method for producing a pressure vessel according to any one of 14) to 19) above, wherein the metal material is heat-treated aluminum.

  According to the pressure vessel of 1) above, the metal that is the base material in the base mounting portion is subjected to a modification treatment, and the crystal grains are refined, so that the impact value and fatigue strength of the base mounting portion increase, The risk of destruction at the base mounting portion of the pressure vessel is reduced.

Further, according to the pressure vessel of 1) above, since the metal that becomes the base material is subjected to the modification process at the joint end portion of the first component member with the second component member, the crystal grains are refined. The impact value and fatigue strength of the part are increased, and the risk of breakage in the part of the pressure vessel is reduced. Furthermore, the risk of destruction at the joint end of the first component member with the second component member is reliably reduced.
According to the pressure vessel of 2) above, the risk of destruction at the base mounting portion of the pressure vessel using this pressure vessel is reliably reduced.

  According to the pressure vessel of 3) above, the risk of destruction at the base attachment portion of the pressure vessel using this pressure vessel is surely reduced.

  According to the pressure vessel of 5) above, it is possible to relatively easily perform the modification process of the base mounting portion.

According to the pressure vessel of 6) above, the risk of destruction at the joining end portion of the first component member with the second component member is reliably reduced.

According to the pressure vessel above 7), it can be subjected to modification treatment of joint ends of the second component in the first component relatively easily.

According to the pressure vessel manufacturing methods of 14) to 18) above, the pressure vessels of 1), 6) and 7) can be manufactured relatively easily.

According to the pressure vessel manufacturing method of the above 19), the pressure vessel of the above 1) can be manufactured relatively easily.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part and the same thing through all drawings, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

Embodiment 1
This embodiment is shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a pressure vessel according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 2 shows a reinforced pressure vessel using the pressure vessel. 3 to 5 show a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel.

  In FIG. 1, the pressure vessel (1) is integrated with a cylindrical body (2), an end plate (3) (4) that closes both ends of the body (2), and one of the end plates (3). A cylindrical base mounting part (5) having a through hole (5a) formed and passed through the inside and outside of the pressure vessel (1). Although not shown, a female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole (5a) of the base mounting portion (5).

  The pressure vessel (1) is made of heat-treatable aluminum such as JIS A6000 series alloy, JIS A2000 series alloy, JIS A7000 series alloy, etc., so that the body (2), both end plates (3) (4) and the base mounting part (5) It is integrally formed.

  In the base mounting part (5), the aluminum which is the base material is modified from the outer peripheral surface side to refine the crystal grains, and the impact value and fatigue strength of the base mounting part (5) increase. is doing. The modified portion is indicated by (X). The reforming process of the base attaching portion (5) is performed by friction stir using a probe of a friction stir welding tool. The range in which the crystal grains are refined by the modification treatment is preferably in the range of 50 to 80% of the total thickness from the outer peripheral surface of the base attaching portion (5). If the range in which the crystal grains are refined by the modification treatment is less than 50% of the total thickness from the outer peripheral surface of the base mounting part (5), the impact value and fatigue of the base mounting part (5) The effect of increasing the strength may not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 80%, the dimensional accuracy of the inner diameter of the base attaching portion (5) may be lowered. Further, the crystal grain size of the portion subjected to the modification treatment in the base attaching portion (5) is preferably 90 μm or less so that the effect of increasing the impact value and the fatigue strength is sufficient. In addition, the lower limit of the crystal grain size of the part is about 20 μm.

  For example, when the pressure vessel (1) is used in an air tank for scuba diving, the mouthpiece valve is attached using the female screw on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole (5a) of the mouthpiece mounting portion (5). used.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the entire pressure vessel (1) is covered with a fiber reinforced resin layer (6) made of, for example, carbon fiber reinforced resin, and used as a reinforced pressure vessel (7). Although not shown, the fiber reinforced resin layer (6) is a hoop wound reinforcement in which a resin is impregnated and cured in a hoop wound fiber layer in which reinforcing fibers are wound so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the trunk (2). And a helically wound reinforcing layer obtained by impregnating and curing a helically wound fiber layer obtained by winding reinforcing fibers so as to be inclined with respect to the length direction of the body (2). As the fiber constituting each reinforcing layer, for example, carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and the like are used, and it is preferable to use carbon fiber. Moreover, as resin which comprises each reinforcement layer, an epoxy resin is used, for example. Each reinforcing layer is formed by winding a reinforcing fiber impregnated with a resin by a filament winding method or a bundle of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a resin and then curing the resin.

  The enhanced pressure vessel (7) is an enhanced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen gas in a fuel cell system equipped with an enhanced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen gas, a fuel cell, and a pressure pipe for sending fuel hydrogen gas from the enhanced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen gas to the fuel cell. Used as a pressure vessel. The fuel cell system is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle. The fuel cell system is also used for a cogeneration system.

  Further, the reinforced pressure vessel (7) is used as a reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas in a natural gas supply system including a reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas and a pressure pipe for sending out natural gas from the reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas. A natural gas supply system is used for a cogeneration system together with a generator and a generator driving device. The natural gas supply system is used for a natural gas vehicle including an engine using natural gas as fuel.

  Further, the reinforced pressure vessel (7) is used as an oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel in an oxygen gas supply system including an oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel and a pressure pipe for sending oxygen gas from the oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel.

  Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the pressure vessel (1) will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, after making a cylindrical material by cutting a cylindrical aluminum extruded profile into a predetermined length, by applying a hot spinning process to one end of the cylindrical material, one end plate (3), A base attaching part (5) having a through hole (5a) is formed. Here, the length of the base attaching portion (5) is set to be longer than the length of the base attaching portion (5) in the finished pressure vessel (1) shown in FIG. Further, the other end plate (4) is formed by subjecting the other end of the cylindrical material to hot spinning. In this way, the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) comprising the body (2), the two end plates (3) and (4), and the base attaching portion (5) is manufactured.

  Next, the base mounting portion (5) of the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) is subjected to a modification treatment using the friction stir welding tool (11) to refine the crystal grains (see FIG. 3).

  The friction stir welding tool (11) includes a cylindrical rotor (12) in which a small-diameter portion (12a) is integrally formed coaxially with a tapered portion at a tip portion, and a small-diameter portion of the rotor (12) ( 12a) is provided with a pin-like probe (13) which is integrally formed coaxially with the small diameter portion (12a) and has a smaller diameter than the small diameter portion (12a). The rotor (12) and the probe (13) are formed of a material that is harder than the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) and has heat resistance that can withstand frictional heat generated during friction stirring.

  And while rotating the rotor (12) and the probe (13) of the friction stir welding tool (11) at 500 to 3000 rpm, the portion near the base end of the base attachment part (5) of the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) The probe (13) is embedded in the outer peripheral surface side (see FIG. 4). Here, the diameter of the shoulder (12b) formed around the probe (13) on the end face of the rotor (12) of the friction stir welding tool (11) is Dmm, and the thickness of the base mounting part (5) is In the case of Tmm, it is preferable that the condition of D ≦ 3T is satisfied. In the case of D> 3T, the amount of heat input to the base attaching part (5) becomes excessive, and the softened area becomes large, which may cause deformation of the base attaching part (5). The diameter (P1) of the probe (13) is preferably equal to the wall thickness Tmm of the base mounting portion (5). In this case, a sufficient plastic fluidized layer of aluminum can be obtained over the entire thickness of the base attachment portion (5). The length of the probe (13) is preferably set such that the modification treatment can be performed in a range of 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the base attachment portion (5).

  Next, the friction stir welding tool (11) is linearly moved to the tip end side (left side in FIG. 4) of the base attaching portion (5) while rotating the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) around the axis. Here, it is preferable to rotate the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) around the axis so that the peripheral speed of the outer peripheral surface of the base attaching portion (5) is 10 to 30 cpm. Then, due to the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the probe (13) and the frictional heat generated by sliding between the base mounting part (5) and the shoulder (12b), the base material of the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) The softened metal is stirred and mixed under the rotational force of the probe (13), and the softened part plastically flows to fill the passage groove of the probe (13). The phenomenon of losing and solidifying by cooling is repeated with the movement of the probe (13), whereby the base metal is friction-stirred and mixed, modified, and refined crystal grains.

  Then, when the probe (13) reaches the tip of the base mounting portion (5), the probe (13) is pulled out. Since the hole (14) is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the base attachment part (5) by pulling out the probe (13), the part of the base attachment part (5) where the hole (14) is present is cut (see FIG. 5). . Thus, the pressure vessel (1) is manufactured.

  Next, a specific experimental example regarding the first embodiment will be described.

  After preparing a cylindrical material with an inner diameter of 200 mm, a wall thickness of 4.5 mm, and a length of 800 mm made of JIS A6061 aluminum extruded profile, one end of the cylindrical material is subjected to hot spinning by changing the spinning temperature. By forming one end plate (3) and a base attachment portion (5) having a through hole (5a), the other end plate (4) by subjecting the other end of the cylindrical material to hot spinning A pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) consisting of a barrel (2), both end plates (3) and (4), and a base mounting portion (5) was produced. Here, the thickness T of the base mounting portion (5) is 10 mm, and the length is 40 mm. Subsequently, the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) was heated to 530 ° C. and subjected to a quenching treatment, and then subjected to a tempering treatment for holding at 180 ° C. for 8 hours. Then, the crystal grain size of the base attaching part (5) was measured.

  In addition, the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) obtained in the same manner as described above was subjected to a quenching treatment by heating to 530 ° C., and then a tempering treatment for holding at 180 ° C. for 8 hours. Next, a friction stir welding tool (11) having a probe (13) diameter of 10 mm, a probe (13) length of 8 mm, and a shoulder (12b) diameter of 24 mm was used. ) Was rotated at 1500 rpm, and the probe (13) was embedded from the outer peripheral surface side into a portion near the base end of the base attachment portion (5) of the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10). Next, the probe (13) of the friction stir welding tool (11) is rotated while rotating the pressure vessel semi-finished product (10) around the axis so that the peripheral speed of the outer peripheral surface of the base mounting portion (5) is 30 cpm. ) Was moved to the tip end side of the base attaching part (5), and the base attaching part (5) was subjected to reforming by friction stirring. Thereafter, the probe (13) was pulled out when it reached the tip of the base attaching part (5), and the part of the base attaching part (5) where the hole (14) was present was cut. Then, the crystal grain size of the base attaching part (5) was measured.

Table 1 shows the spinning temperature and the crystal grain size with and without the modification treatment.

Embodiment 2
This embodiment is shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 6 shows a pressure vessel according to Embodiment 2, and FIGS. 7 to 9 show a method for manufacturing the pressure vessel.

  In FIG. 6, the pressure vessel (20) includes one end plate (3) and a first component member (21) constituting a base attaching portion (5) formed integrally with the end plate (3), and a body (2). And a second component member (22) which is formed integrally with the body (2) and constitutes the other end plate (4) which closes one end opening of the body (2).

  The first component member (21) is formed by hot forging, and a base attachment portion (5) having a through hole (5a) through which the inside and outside of the pressure vessel (20) are passed is integrally formed. The second component member (22) is formed by subjecting the cup-shaped metal material to hot ironing by flow forming, and is a bottomed cylindrical body having one end opened and the other end closed. . The first component member (21) and the second component member (22) are joined over the entire circumference by an appropriate method, for example, a friction stir welding method, at the abutting portion between them.

  Both the constituent members (21) and (22) are made of heat-treatable aluminum such as JIS A6000 series alloy, JIS A2000 series alloy, JIS A7000 series alloy, for example. Both the structural members (21) and (22) may be formed of the same material, or may be formed of different materials.

  In the base mounting portion (5) of the first component member (21), in the same manner as in the case of the first embodiment, the aluminum as the base material is subjected to the modification treatment from the outer peripheral surface side to refine the crystal grains. Thus, the impact value and fatigue strength of the base mounting portion (5) are increased.

  In addition, at the joint end portion (23) of the first component member (21) with the second component member (22), the aluminum that is the base material is subjected to a modification process from the outer peripheral surface side, so that the crystal grains are fine. The impact value and fatigue strength of the joint end (23) are increased. The modification processing unit is indicated by (X1). The modification process of the joining end portion (23) of the first component member (21) is performed by friction stirring using the probe (13) of the friction stir welding tool (11). The range in which the crystal grains are refined by the modification treatment is preferably in the range of 50 to 80% of the total thickness from the outer peripheral surface of the joining end portion (23). If the range in which crystal grains are refined by the modification treatment is less than 50% of the total thickness from the outer peripheral surface of the joint end (23), the impact value and fatigue of the joint end (23) The effect of increasing the strength may not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 80%, the dimensional accuracy of the inner diameter of the joint end (23) may be lowered. In addition, the crystal grain size of the portion subjected to the modification treatment at the joint end portion (23) is preferably 90 μm or less so that the effect of increasing the impact value and the fatigue strength is sufficient. In addition, the lower limit of the crystal grain size of the part is about 20 μm.

  When the pressure vessel (20) is used, for example, in an air tank for scuba diving, the cap valve is mounted using the female screw on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole (5a) of the cap mounting portion (5). Used in.

  Further, as in the case of the first embodiment, the entire pressure vessel (20) is covered with a fiber reinforced resin layer made of, for example, carbon fiber reinforced resin, and used as a reinforced pressure vessel.

  The reinforced pressure vessel is a reinforced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen gas in a fuel cell system including a reinforced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen gas, a fuel cell, and a pressure pipe for sending fuel hydrogen gas from the reinforced pressure vessel for fuel hydrogen gas to the fuel cell. Used. The fuel cell system is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle. The fuel cell system is also used for a cogeneration system.

  The reinforced pressure vessel is used as a reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas in a natural gas supply system including a reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas and a pressure pipe for sending out natural gas from the reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas. A natural gas supply system is used for a cogeneration system together with a generator and a generator driving device. The natural gas supply system is used for a natural gas vehicle including an engine using natural gas as fuel.

  Further, the enhanced pressure vessel is used as an enhanced pressure vessel for oxygen gas in an oxygen gas supply system including an enhanced pressure vessel for oxygen gas and a pressure pipe for sending oxygen gas from the enhanced pressure vessel for oxygen gas.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 7-9, the manufacturing method of a pressure vessel (20) is demonstrated.

  First, hot forging is performed on an aluminum material to produce a first component member (21) composed of one end plate (3) and a base attaching portion (5). The length of the base attaching part (5) of the first component member (21) is set to be longer than the length of the base attaching part (5) in the pressure vessel (20) of the finished product shown in FIG. Further, the length of the end of the first component member (21) opposite to the base mounting portion (5) is longer than the length of the joint end (23) of the finished pressure vessel (20) shown in FIG. Also keep it long. On the other hand, an iron cup-shaped material is subjected to ironing by hot forming to produce a second component member (22) consisting of the body (2) and the other end plate (4).

  Next, the base mounting portion (5) of the first component member (21) is subjected to a modification process using the friction stir welding tool (11) in the same manner as in the first embodiment, thereby refining the crystal grains. . Further, the first constituent member (21) is subjected to a modification treatment using the friction stir welding tool (11) on the joining end portion (23) with the second constituent member (22) to refine the crystal grains. (See FIG. 7). That is, while rotating the rotor (12) and the probe (13) of the friction stir welding tool (11) at 500 to 3000 rpm, the base mounting portion (5) of the joining end (23) of the first component member (21). ) The probe (13) is embedded in the portion closer to the outer peripheral surface (see FIG. 8). Here, the diameter of the shoulder (12b) formed around the probe (13) on the end surface of the rotor (12) of the friction stir welding tool (11) is dmm, and the thickness of the joint end (23) is When tmm is satisfied, it is preferable that d ≦ 3t is satisfied. When d> 3t, the amount of heat input to the joint end (23) becomes excessive, and the softened area becomes large, which may cause deformation of the joint end (23). The diameter (P2) of the probe (13) is preferably made equal to the wall thickness tmm of the joining end (23). In this case, a sufficient plastic fluidized layer of aluminum is obtained over the entire thickness of the joining end (23). The length of the probe (13) is preferably set such that the modification treatment can be performed in a range of 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the upper joint end (23).

  Next, while rotating the first component member (21) around the axis, the friction stir welding tool (11) is moved to the second component member (22) joining side (the right side in FIG. 8) of the joining end portion (23). Move linearly. Here, the rotation of the first component member (21) around the axis is preferably performed so that the peripheral speed of the outer peripheral surface of the joint end (23) is 10 to 30 cpm. Then, the base material of the first component member (21) is generated by the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the probe (13) and the frictional heat generated by sliding between the first component member (21) and the shoulder (12b). This softened part is stirred and mixed under the rotational force of the probe (13), and the softened part plastically flows to fill the passage groove of the probe (13). The phenomenon of rapid loss and solidification by cooling is repeated with the movement of the probe (13), whereby the base metal is friction-stirred and mixed and modified to refine the crystal grains.

  Then, when the probe (13) reaches the right end of the joint end (23) of the first component member (21), the probe (13) is pulled out. Since the hole (24) is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the first component member (21) by pulling out the probe (13), the portion of the first component member (21) where the hole (24) is present is cut. Thus, the first component member (21) is manufactured.

  The friction stir welding tool (11) is also applied to the joining end portion (23) of the second constituent member (22) with the first constituent member (21) in the same manner as in the case of the first constituent member (21). The crystal grains may be refined by performing a modification treatment using

  Thereafter, the first component member (21) and the second component member (22) are joined by an appropriate method, for example, a friction stir welding method. Thus, the pressure vessel (20) is manufactured.

  In the second embodiment, as the second component member (22), one in which the body (2) and the other end plate (4) are integrally formed is used, but instead, it is formed separately. The joined body (2) and end plate (4) may be used as the second component member (22). In this case, the body (2) is formed of, for example, an aluminum extruded profile, and the end plate (4) is formed by subjecting an aluminum material to hot forging. In this case, the first constituent member (21) is connected to the joining end (23) of the end plate (4) with the barrel (2) and the joining end (23) of the barrel (2) to the end plate (4). In the same manner as in the case of), the modification may be performed using the friction stir welding tool (11) to refine the crystal grains.

  In the above two embodiments, the cylinder (2) of the pressure vessel (1) (20) is cylindrical, but the cylinder is not limited to this. For example, the cylinder is elliptical in cross section (defined mathematically). Not only an oval shape but also a shape close to an oval shape, for example, an oval shape may be included.

It is a perspective view which shows the pressure vessel of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the reinforced pressure vessel using the pressure vessel of FIG. It is a perspective view of the state before embedding the probe of the tool for friction stir welding in the base attachment part of a pressure vessel semi-finished product which shows the method of manufacturing the pressure vessel of FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a method of manufacturing the pressure vessel of FIG. 1 and in a state where a probe of a friction stir welding tool is embedded in a base attaching portion of a pressure vessel semi-finished product. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a method of manufacturing the pressure vessel of FIG. 1, in which a probe of a friction stir welding tool is pulled out from a base attaching portion of a pressure vessel semi-finished product, and a portion where a hole formed thereby is cut. . It is a perspective view which shows the pressure vessel of Embodiment 2 of this invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a state before the probe of the friction stir welding tool is embedded in the joining end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member, showing a method of manufacturing the pressure vessel of FIG. 6. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a method of manufacturing the pressure vessel of FIG. 6, in a state where a probe of a friction stir welding tool is embedded in a joining end portion of the first constituent member with a second constituent member. 6 shows a method of manufacturing the pressure vessel of FIG. 6, and the probe of the friction stir welding tool is pulled out from the joining end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member, and the portion where the hole formed thereby is cut. It is a perspective view of a state.

(1) (20): Pressure vessel
(2): Torso
(3) (4): End plate
(5): Base mounting part
(6): Fiber reinforced resin layer
(7): Strengthened pressure vessel
(10): Pressure vessel semi-finished product
(11): Friction stir welding tool
(12): Rotor
(12b): Shoulder
(13): Probe
(21): First component
(22): Second component
(23): Joint end portion of the first component member with the second component member

Claims (20)

The constituting the tubular body, it becomes more and end plate for closing both open ends of the cylinder, the mouthpiece attachment section to one of the end plates is integrally formed with, one of the end plate mouthpiece attachment portion is formed In a pressure vessel comprising one component member and a second component member that constitutes the body and the other end plate and is joined to the first component member ,
The metal that is the base material in the base mounting part is subjected to a modification process , the crystal grains are refined, and the first end of the first constituent member is modified to 50 to 80% of the total thickness. A pressure vessel that has been refined and crystal grains are refined . The pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein a reforming treatment is applied to 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the base mounting portion, and the crystal grains are refined. The pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a crystal grain size of a portion subjected to a metal modification process as a base material of the base mounting portion is 90 µm or less. The pressure vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the metal used as a base material for the body, the two end plates, and the base mounting portion is made of aluminum. The pressure vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the modification of the base mounting portion is performed by friction stirring using a probe of a friction stir welding tool. In any of the crystal grain size of the portion reforming process has been performed metal as a base material of the joint end portion of the preceding claims Ru der below 90μm and the second component in the first component The pressure vessel as described. Reforming process of the joining end of the second component in the first component is, in any one of claims 1-6, which is carried out by friction stir with a probe of a friction stir welding tool The pressure vessel as described. A reinforced pressure vessel in which an outer peripheral surface of the pressure vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is covered with a fiber reinforced resin layer obtained by impregnating and curing a resin in a reinforcing fiber. The fiber-reinforced resin layer includes a helically wound fiber layer in which reinforcing fibers are wound so as to be inclined with respect to the length direction of the trunk, and a hoop wound fiber layer in which reinforcing fibers are wound around the circumference of the trunk. 8. The reinforced pressure vessel according to 8. The reinforced pressure vessel according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a hydrogen storage material is contained therein. A fuel hydrogen reinforced pressure vessel, a fuel cell, and a pressure pipe for sending fuel hydrogen gas from the fuel hydrogen reinforced pressure vessel to the fuel cell are provided, and the fuel hydrogen reinforced pressure vessel is any one of claims 8 to 10. A fuel cell system comprising the reinforced pressure vessel described in 1. A natural gas supply system comprising a reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas and a pressure pipe for sending out natural gas from the reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas, wherein the reinforced pressure vessel for natural gas comprises the reinforced pressure vessel according to claim 8. 10. An oxygen gas supply system comprising an oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel and a pressure pipe for sending oxygen gas from the oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel, wherein the oxygen gas reinforced pressure vessel comprises the reinforced pressure vessel according to claim 8. By subjecting the metal material to hot working, one end plate and a first component consisting of a base mounting portion formed integrally with the end plate are formed, and by subjecting the metal material to hot working, After forming the second component member formed of the other end plate that is integrally formed and closes one end opening of the barrel, both component members are subjected to heat treatment, and then the probe of the friction stir welding tool is rotated and the second component member is rotated from the outer peripheral surface side. Improving to refine crystal grains by embedding the metal that becomes the base material of the base mounting part by embedding it in the base mounting part of the one constituent member and relatively moving the probe and the first constituent member. Then, while rotating the probe of the friction stir welding tool, it is embedded from the outer peripheral surface into the joining end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member, and the probe and the first constituent member are relatively moved. Move Then, the first constituent member and the second constituent member are subjected to a reforming process in which the metal that becomes the base material of the joint end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member is frictionally stirred to refine the crystal grains, and then the first constituent member and the second constituent member And a method of manufacturing a pressure vessel including joining . When the diameter of the shoulder formed around the probe on the end face of the cylindrical rotor of the friction stir welding tool is D mm and the thickness of the base mounting portion of the first component member is T mm, the condition of D ≦ 3T is satisfied. The method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 14, which is satisfied . The method of manufacturing a pressure vessel according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the probe diameter of the friction stir welding tool and the thickness of the cap mounting portion of the first component member are made equal . The manufacturing method of the pressure vessel in any one of Claims 14-16 which performs a modification process to 50 to 80% of the total thickness of a nozzle | cap | die attachment part . When the diameter of the shoulder portion formed around the probe on the end face of the cylindrical rotor of the friction stir welding tool is dmm, and the thickness of the joining end portion of the first constituent member with the second constituent member is tmm, The manufacturing method of the pressure vessel in any one of Claims 14-17 which satisfy | fills the conditions of d <= 3t . The manufacturing method of the pressure vessel in any one of Claims 14-18 which performs a modification | reformation process to 50 to 80% of the total thickness of the joining edge part with the 2nd structural member in a 1st structural member . The method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to any one of claims 14 to 19 , wherein the metal material is heat-treated aluminum .

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