JP4773796B2 - Aluminum alloy continuous casting rod, continuous casting rod casting method, continuous casting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy continuous cast bar, and more particularly to an aluminum alloy continuous cast bar excellent in machinability and forgeability, a casting method of the continuous cast bar, and a continuous casting apparatus used therefor.

  In recent transportation equipment, aluminum alloy parts are increasingly used due to the demand for weight reduction. One method of manufacturing such a part is to form a forging material obtained by cutting an aluminum alloy bar into a predetermined length into a part by forging. As a method for producing an aluminum alloy bar, a bar made by subjecting a material produced by continuous casting to plastic working or heat treatment is generally used.

  For example, when manufacturing a bar, tube, profile, etc., which is a forging material of aluminum or aluminum alloy, usually after casting an ingot by DC casting, vertical continuous casting or horizontal continuous casting, after an extrusion process, Molded into smaller diameter rods, tubes, profiles, etc. In some cases, a thin material is directly cast as a casting rod.

  In the horizontal continuous casting, a cylindrical, prismatic or hollow column-shaped long ingot is cast from a molten aluminum alloy through the following process. In other words, the molten aluminum alloy contained in the tundish for storing the molten aluminum alloy is placed almost horizontally through the passage made of refractory, and enters the forcibly cooled cylindrical mold, where it is cooled and cooled to the aluminum alloy. A solidified shell is formed on the outer surface of the molten metal body. A coolant such as water is directly radiated to the ingot drawn from the cylindrical mold, and the ingot is continuously drawn while solidification of the metal proceeds to the inside of the ingot.

  On the other hand, applications of Al-Si alloys having eutectic and hypereutectic compositions, mainly for forging, have been expanded, and have been used as industrial materials by taking advantage of their wear resistance and other characteristics.

  Furthermore, what has a fine crystal grain is calculated | required. In each casting method, when the mold is cooled or the casting rod is directly cooled, the structure near the surface of the casting becomes a fine structure due to rapid cooling. For example, the thickness of the casting is sufficiently thick so that the thickness exceeds 20 mm. The casting was not effective up to the center.

  In order to obtain fine crystal particles, an oscillator is placed on the surface of the molten aluminum alloy, and when the surface of the liquid is vibrated, the solidified solid particles on the mold wall become free and become free crystals. Is obtained.

  For example, for the purpose of providing a continuous casting method capable of obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot with improved forgeability without reducing the productivity of a continuous casting machine, a propellyl type casting method, an SCR type casting method, a twin type is provided. In the belt-type casting method, a method has been proposed in which solidification is performed while applying a flow including a component in a direction crossing the direction in which solidification of the molten aluminum alloy proceeds to the molten aluminum alloy (see Patent Document 1).

  Or, for the purpose of providing means that can further reduce the defect rate that cannot be lowered by conventional operations such as molds, casting plans, casting conditions, and peripheral technologies, such as molds, containers, handle rods, ladles, etc. At the back of the part that is in direct contact with the molten aluminum alloy, an audible sound wave generator is attached and an audible sound wave is applied, casting while removing air bubbles and oxides, generating a large amount of seed crystals and free crystals, and further cooling A method has been proposed in which the number of free crystals is increased by the coating film to which dots are added, thereby obtaining a dense macro structure free from casting defects of the entire equiaxed crystal structure and obtaining a cast product having high pressure resistance and pressure breakdown strength. (See Patent Document 2).

JP-A-8-238539 JP 2002-96157 A

As demand for parts made of an aluminum alloy increases, it is desired to increase the productivity of a continuous casting rod, which is a raw material, and it is necessary to increase the casting speed. However, when the casting speed is increased, there is a new problem that feather crystals are likely to be generated on the continuous casting rod.
In an Al—Si based alloy, feathery crystals are generated depending on the casting temperature and casting speed conditions, and if there is retention of molten aluminum alloy, feathery crystals are more likely to be generated. It is considered that the increase in the casting speed caused the temperature gradient to increase, and further the occurrence of a staying part of the molten aluminum alloy.

The presence of feather-like crystals hinders refinement and densification of aluminum alloy crystal grains. For this reason, the distribution of crystal grain size becomes large in large ingots, and the distribution remains as it is in the subsequent extrusion and forging. Therefore, for use in forged products that require higher mechanical strength, generation of feathery crystals occurs. It is demanded to suppress
In particular, when a cast bar is used as a forging material, it is necessary to cut the cast bar to a predetermined length. In recent years, shear cutters are increasingly used. However, if feather-like crystals and granular crystal parts are mixed in the longitudinal direction of the casting rod, the cutting surface becomes rough, which adversely affects the forging process.

As one method for suppressing the generation of feathery crystals, a method of suppressing crystal growth without stopping the molten aluminum alloy is conceivable.
For example, it is stated that the crystal is made finer by the method of giving vibration to the liquid level in the above-mentioned literature, but in the conventional mold casting method used for general production, the cast part is closed by the mold. Since it is a space, there is no liquid level. Therefore, since the vibrator cannot be installed and the liquid level cannot be followed, even if it can be experimentally implemented, it cannot be applied to a general production casting mold.

On the other hand, in the method of applying vibration to the molten aluminum alloy through the mold or the like in the mold casting method disclosed in Patent Document 2, vibration is applied from the outside of the mold to vibrate the molten aluminum alloy on the solidified surface. Therefore, the aluminum alloy vibration is attenuated in the molten metal, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient effect.
Further, in the propellyl type casting method, the SCR type casting method, and the twin belt type casting method disclosed in Patent Document 1, an obstacle is provided in the molten aluminum alloy to give the molten aluminum alloy vibration in a direction crossing solidification. Also in the method, since vibration is imparted from the molten aluminum alloy to vibrate the molten aluminum alloy on the solidified surface, the vibration is attenuated in the molten aluminum alloy and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient effect.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and suppresses the occurrence frequency of feather-like crystals in the longitudinal direction of a continuous casting rod, and most of the columnar crystals and / or granular crystals occupy the crystal grain size. It is an object of the present invention to provide an aluminum alloy continuous cast bar having excellent machinability and forgeability, a casting method for the continuous cast bar, and a continuous casting apparatus used therefor.

The present invention is as follows.
(1) In a continuous casting apparatus for casting a continuous casting rod from a molten aluminum alloy, mechanical vibration is applied to the continuous casting rod being cast from the side where solidification is completed, and from the surface to the vicinity of the solidified surface via the solidified surface only set the vibrating means for vibrating the molten aluminum alloy, the vibration imparting means is characterized by imparting vibration to modulate the oscillation frequency.
(2) The continuous casting apparatus according to (1), wherein the vibration applying means applies a vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm to the continuous casting rod.
(3) The continuous casting apparatus according to (1) or (2), wherein the vibration applying means applies a vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz to the continuous casting rod .
(4 ) The vibration applying means is a combination of one or more selected from magnetostrictive elements, electrostrictive elements, rotating wheels, rotating belts, and air cylinders. (1) to ( 3 ) The continuous casting apparatus as described in any one of these.
( 5 ) The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ), wherein the continuous casting is a lateral casting.
( 6 ) A support part for supporting the continuous casting rod is provided at a position 0.3 m to 5 m from the mold outlet, and vibration applying means is arranged between the support part and the mold outlet or downstream of the support part. The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of (1) to ( 5 ), wherein the continuous casting apparatus is provided.
( 7 ) A support portion for supporting the continuous casting rod is provided at a position of 0.3 m to 5 m from the outlet of the mold, and the vibration applying means has a vibration state detector for detecting the vibration state of the continuous casting rod. The continuous condition according to any one of (1) to ( 6 ), wherein the vibration amplitude condition and / or vibration frequency condition applied to the continuous casting rod is controlled based on a signal from the state detector. Casting equipment.
( 8 ) The vibration applying means has a mold temperature detector for detecting the solidification state of the molten aluminum alloy in the mold installed in the mold, and applies it to the continuous casting rod based on a signal from the mold temperature detector. The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of (1) to ( 7 ), wherein the vibration amplitude condition and / or the vibration frequency condition are controlled.
( 9 ) A non-destructive inspection device for inspecting the internal structure of the continuous cast bar is provided, and the vibration applying means is a vibration amplitude condition and / or vibration frequency applied to the continuous cast bar based on a signal from the non-destructive inspection device. The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of (1) to ( 8 ), wherein the conditions are controlled.
( 10 ) The continuous casting described in ( 9 ), wherein the nondestructive inspection measure is one or a combination of two or more selected from an ultrasonic inspection apparatus, an eddy current inspection apparatus, and an X-ray inspection apparatus. apparatus.
( 11 ) In a continuous casting rod casting method for casting a continuous casting rod from a molten aluminum alloy , vibrations whose vibration frequency is modulated from the surface on the side where solidification of the continuous casting rod being cast has been completed. The molten aluminum alloy is solidified while being applied to the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface through the solidified surface.
( 12 ) The continuous casting rod casting method according to ( 11 ), wherein the vibration is a vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm.
( 13 ) The continuous casting rod casting method according to ( 11 ) or ( 12 ), wherein the vibration is a vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz .
(14 ) The continuous casting rod casting method according to any one of ( 11 ) to ( 13 ), wherein the continuous casting is a lateral casting.
( 15 ) Controlling the amplitude condition and / or the frequency condition of vibration applied to the continuous casting bar based on a signal from a vibration state detector for detecting the vibration state of the continuous casting bar ( 11 ) To ( 14 ). The casting method of the continuous casting rod as described in any one of ( 14 ).
( 16 ) Control the amplitude condition and / or frequency condition of vibration applied to the continuous casting rod based on a signal from a mold temperature detector that detects the solidification state of the molten aluminum alloy in the mold placed in the mold. The casting method for a continuous casting rod according to any one of ( 11 ) to ( 15 ).
( 17 ) Controlling the amplitude condition and / or the frequency condition of the vibration applied to the continuous cast bar based on a signal from a nondestructive inspection device for inspecting the internal structure of the continuous cast bar ( 11 ) To ( 16 ). The method for casting a continuous casting rod according to any one of ( 16 ).
(18) the generation of feather-like crystals in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is 10% or less, others to any one of characterized in that it is a columnar crystal and / or granular crystals (11) from (17) An aluminum alloy continuous casting rod cast by the continuous casting rod casting method described .
( 19 ) The continuous cast bar according to any one of ( 11 ) to ( 17 ), wherein the molten aluminum alloy is solidified without adding an additive for refining crystal grains . Continuous casting rod of aluminum alloy cast by casting method.
(20) Si 6 to 20% by weight, the Cu 2.0 wt% to 5.0 wt%, characterized in that it contains a Mg to 2.0 wt% 0.4 wt% (11) To ( 17 ) An aluminum alloy continuous cast bar cast by the method of casting a continuous cast bar according to any one of ( 17 ).

According to the invention described in (1), mechanical vibration is applied to the continuous casting rod being cast from the side where solidification is completed, and the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface is vibrated from the surface through the solidified surface. Since vibration imparting means is provided, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of feathery crystals in the cross section of the continuous casting rod, particularly in the longitudinal cross section, and the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform, resulting in machinability and forgeability. An excellent continuous casting rod can be obtained. Also, the contact surface with the mold in which the solidified shell is formed in the molten aluminum alloy is periodically exposed to lubricating oil and its decomposition gas by mechanical vibration, so that the lubricity is improved, and the mold (mold). Damage to the steel will be reduced and casting for a long time will be possible.
In addition, since the vibration applying means applies a vibration whose modulation frequency is modulated, the vibration of the molten aluminum alloy can be prevented from being in a standing wave state and being localized.
According to the invention described in (2), the vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm is applied to the continuous casting rod, so that the generation of feather crystals can be suppressed.
According to the invention described in (3), since the vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz is applied to the continuous casting rod, generation of feather crystals can be suppressed .
According to the invention described in (4 ), since the vibration applying means is a combination of one or more selected from magnetostrictive elements, electrostrictive elements, rotating wheels, rotating belts, and air cylinders, it is easy to apply vibrations. Can be realized.
According to the invention described in ( 5 ), since the continuous casting is lateral casting, the vibration applying means (device) can be easily selected and attached at a place where there is no influence of the cooling water. Also, horizontal (horizontal) continuous casting has a low initial cost when capital investment is made and all continuous operations are possible, so even if the number of strands is increased, the work load is larger than that of vertical continuous casting. There is a merit in casting cost.
According to the invention described in ( 6 ), the support portion that supports the continuous casting rod is provided at a position of 0.3 m to 5 m from the outlet of the mold, and between the support portion and the outlet of the mold or from the support portion. In addition, since the vibration applying means is disposed downstream, it is possible to efficiently apply vibration and to easily obtain the effect of applying vibration.
According to the invention as described in ( 7 ), the support part which supports a continuous casting rod is provided in the position of 0.3-5 m from the exit of a casting_mold | template, and a vibration provision means is a vibration state which detects the vibration state of a continuous casting rod. Since it has a detector and controls the amplitude condition and / or frequency condition of vibration applied to the continuous casting rod based on the signal from this vibration state detector, the applied vibration state can be reliably monitored. Since the applied vibration state is stabilized, the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform, and as a result, a continuous cast bar excellent in machinability and forgeability can be stably and continuously cast.
According to the invention described in ( 8 ), the vibration applying means has a mold temperature detector for detecting the solidification state of the molten aluminum alloy in the mold installed in the mold, and a signal from the mold temperature detector is received. Since the vibration amplitude condition and / or vibration frequency condition applied to the continuous casting rod is controlled based on this, the vibration state suitable for the casting condition can be maintained.
According to the invention described in ( 9 ), the nondestructive inspection device for inspecting the internal structure of the continuous casting rod is provided, and the vibration applying means is a vibration applying device to the continuous casting rod based on a signal from the nondestructive inspection device. Since the amplitude condition and / or the frequency condition of vibration are controlled, the occurrence of feather crystals in the cross section of the continuous cast bar can be suppressed, and the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform, resulting in improved machinability and forgeability. An excellent continuous casting rod can be cast stably and continuously.
According to the invention described in ( 10 ), since the nondestructive inspection measures are one type or a combination of two or more types selected from an ultrasonic inspection device, an eddy current inspection device, and an X-ray inspection device, feedback is easy. This can be realized at the same time as defect inspection.
According to the invention described in ( 11 ), from the surface on the side where solidification of the continuous casting rod being cast is completed , vibrations whose vibration frequency is modulated are applied to the aluminum in the vicinity of the solidification surface via the solidification surface of the continuous casting rod. Since the molten aluminum alloy is solidified while being applied to the molten alloy, the occurrence of feathery crystals in the cross section of the continuous casting rod can be suppressed, and the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform, resulting in improved machinability and forgeability. An excellent continuous cast bar is obtained. Moreover, since the vibration is a vibration whose vibration frequency is modulated, the vibration of the molten aluminum alloy can be prevented from being localized in a standing wave state.
According to the invention described in ( 12 ), since the vibration is a vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm, generation of feather crystals can be suppressed.
According to the invention described in ( 13 ), since the vibration is a vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz, generation of feather crystals can be suppressed .
According to the invention described in (14 ), since the continuous casting is casting in the lateral direction, the vibration applying means (device) can be easily selected and attached at a place where there is no influence of the cooling water. Also, horizontal (horizontal) continuous casting has a low initial cost when capital investment is made and all continuous operations are possible, so even if the number of strands is increased, the work load is larger than that of vertical continuous casting. There is a merit in casting cost.
According to the invention described in ( 15 ), the vibration amplitude condition and / or the vibration frequency condition applied to the continuous casting bar are controlled based on a signal from a vibration state detector that detects the vibration state of the continuous casting bar. Therefore, the applied vibration state can be reliably monitored, and since the applied vibration state is stable, the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform, and as a result, a continuous cast bar excellent in machinability and forgeability can be obtained. Can be cast stably and continuously.
According to the invention described in ( 16 ), the amplitude condition of the vibration applied to the continuous casting rod based on the signal from the mold temperature detector for detecting the solidification state of the molten aluminum alloy in the mold installed in the mold, and / or Alternatively, since the vibration frequency condition is controlled, the vibration state suitable for the casting condition can be maintained.
According to the invention described in ( 17 ), the vibration amplitude condition and / or the vibration frequency condition applied to the continuous cast bar is controlled based on a signal from a nondestructive inspection device that inspects the internal structure of the continuous cast bar. Therefore, the occurrence of feathery crystals in the cross section of the continuous cast bar can be suppressed, and the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform. As a result, the continuous cast bar excellent in machinability and forgeability can be stably and continuously produced. Can be cast.
According to the invention described in ( 18 ), the occurrence of feather crystals in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is 10% or less, and the others are columnar crystals and / or granular crystals, and therefore excellent in machinability and forgeability. It becomes a continuous casting rod.
According to the invention described in ( 19 ), since the aluminum alloy melt is solidified without adding an additive for refining crystal grains, for example, Al-Ti-B or Al-B is refined. Depending on the operating conditions, TiB ₂ may agglomerate in the molten aluminum alloy, and even in Ai-Si alloys that may cause defects in the ingot, the variation in crystal grain size is made uniform. A continuous cast bar with excellent workability and forgeability.
According to the invention described in ( 20 ), Si is contained in an amount of 6% by mass to 20% by mass, Cu is contained in an amount of 2.0% by mass to 5.0% by mass, and Mg is contained in an amount of 0.4% by mass to 2.0% by mass. Therefore, the occurrence of feathery crystals in the cross section of the continuous casting rod can be suppressed, the variation in crystal grain size is uniform, and the average grain size is further refined, resulting in excellent machinability and forgeability. In particular, it becomes a continuous cast bar having characteristics superior in terms of shearability.

The feathered crystal in the present specification is observed as follows.
(1) Collecting a sample: A material obtained by cutting an ingot into a longitudinal section is used as a test material (a length of 50 mm is appropriate).
(2) Sample pretreatment: After the cut surface is chamfered with a lathe or a milling machine, it is etched with a 20% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a macro structure.
(3) Observation: Visual observation (4) Judgment condition for being a feather-like crystal: The feather-like crystal has a (111) plane as a twinning plane, and lattices are aligned on both sides of this plane. The plane perpendicular to the plane is the plane on which priority growth occurs. Therefore, a crystal having a thickness of 100 μm or less and an extremely wide width and length is obtained. Since this overlaps several tens to several hundreds in parallel, it is visually observed as feathers.
(5) Measurement of other crystal grain sizes: by an image analyzer.

An example of a casting apparatus used in the present invention and a casting method using the same will be described.
The basic solidification method of the method used in the present invention includes a horizontal continuous casting apparatus, a vertical continuous casting apparatus, a vertical semi-continuous casting, and a DC (Direct Hill) continuous casting as long as it is a direct cooling casting apparatus. Any of an apparatus, a hot top casting apparatus, a gas pressure type hot top casting apparatus, and an electromagnetic field casting apparatus can be used. For example, one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid lubricant, and thermally decomposed gas thereof are supplied to the inner wall surface of a cylindrical mold having a forced cooler held so that the central axis is in the horizontal direction. Then, an aluminum alloy melt containing Si is supplied to one end of the cylindrical mold to form a columnar metal melt, and the solidified ingot formed by solidifying the columnar metal melt in the cylindrical mold It can be a horizontal continuous casting method withdrawn from the end.

<Outline of casting machine>
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of the vicinity of the mold of the horizontal continuous casting apparatus used in the present invention.
The tundish 250, the refractory plate-like body 210, and the cylindrical mold 201 are arranged so that the molten aluminum alloy 255 stored in the tundish 250 is supplied to the cylindrical mold 201 through the refractory plate-like body 210. Has been placed. The cylindrical mold 201 is held so that the central axis 220 is substantially horizontal. A forced cooling means for the cylindrical mold 201 is provided inside the cylindrical mold 201 and a forced cooling means for the ingot is provided at the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 so that the molten aluminum alloy 255 becomes the solidified ingot 216. Yes. In FIG. 2, a cooling water shower device 205 is provided as an example of means for forcibly cooling the ingot. In the vicinity of the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201, a driving device (not shown) is installed so that the solidified ingot 216 forcibly cooled ingot is drawn out at a constant speed and continuously cast. . Further, a synchronous cutting machine (not shown) is provided for cutting the ingot that has become the drawn cast bar into a predetermined length.
Lubricating oil is supplied between the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 and the solidified ingot 216 via a porous ring 222 having lubricity, and a space is formed between the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 and the solidified ingot 216. ing. As a result, the solidified surface 217 of the cast bar becomes close to the free end, and the solidified surface 217 vibrates due to vibration applied from the cast bar side.
Further, the surface of the cast bar cast by the formed space is smooth, so that the application of vibration is easy and reliable, which is preferable. Further, since the tundish 250 is cast while maintaining the horizontal level, the disorder of the molten aluminum alloy 255 is small, and the effect of refining the structure by the applied vibration can be obtained better.

Another example of the vicinity of the mold of the casting apparatus used in the present invention will be described with reference to the explanatory view of the hot top casting apparatus shown in FIG.
A refractory molten metal receiving part (header) 311 is provided on the water-cooled mold 301. The molten aluminum alloy 341 is directly supplied horizontally to the water-cooled mold 301 instead of the spout supply method of other DC continuous casting apparatuses. The water cooling mold 301 is cooled by cooling water. The molten aluminum alloy 341 introduced into the water-cooled mold 301 shrinks by forming a solidified shell at a portion in contact with the water-cooled mold 301, and the solidified ingot 342 is drawn downward from the water-cooled mold 301 by the lower mold 321. . At this time, the solidified ingot 342 is cooled and solidified completely by the water-cooled jet 302 supplied from the water-cooled mold 301 and the water 331 in the water tank. When reaching the lower end where the lower mold 321 can move, the ingot that has become a cast bar is cut at a predetermined position and taken out.
As a result of forming and shrinking the solidified shell, the solidified surface 343 of the cast bar becomes close to the free end, and the solidified surface 343 vibrates due to vibration applied from the cast bar side.
This method is preferable because it does not require adjustment with the spout flow at the start of casting, the mold length can be shortened, and the surface of the casting rod becomes smooth, so that vibration can be easily and reliably applied. Moreover, since the casting is performed while maintaining the horizontal level, the aluminum alloy molten metal 341 is less disturbed, and the effect of refining the structure due to the applied vibration can be better obtained.
The gas pressurized hot top casting apparatus supplies gas from between the molten metal receiving part (header) 311 and the water cooling mold 301 in the hot top casting system, so that the aluminum alloy molten metal 341 does not contact the water cooling mold 301 and only water cooling is performed. Since the ingot can be cooled and solidified, the quality of the surface of the solidified ingot 342 is improved.

<Vibration imparting device of the present invention>
An example of the vibration applying device of the present invention will be described based on the schematic diagram of FIG.
The apparatus used in the present invention is provided with a vibration applying device (vibration applying means) 411 that applies mechanical vibration to the surface of the cast rod 1 that has been cast. The vibration imparting device 411 shown in FIG. 1 imparts mechanical vibration to the cast bar 1 between the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 and the support portion 401 that supports the cast bar 1 cast by the cylindrical mold 201. It is arranged to do.
The vibration applying device 411 includes a vibration surface 412, a vibrator 413, a vibrator driving device 414, a vibration surface moving device 415, a vibration position moving device 416, a mold temperature detector 417, a casting rod detector 418, a vibration state detector 419, The vibration control device 420 is used.
Reference numeral 431 denotes a nondestructive inspection apparatus.

Here, the support part 401 is a point which supports the casting rod 1 pulled out from the cylindrical mold 201 and supports it so as to become a vibration node. In FIG. 1, the rotating roll is supported by being brought into contact with the bottom surface of the casting bar 1 because it is a horizontal continuous casting. Alternatively, it can be supported by bringing a convex portion such as a wedge shape, an inverted triangular shape, or a semicircular shape into contact with the side surface of the casting rod 1 or the lower side surface in the case of horizontal continuous casting.
Furthermore, it is possible to have a function of pulling out the casting rod 1, and in that case, the casting rod 1 may be sandwiched between rotating rolls. In FIG. 1, it is set as the structure pinched | interposed with the rotating roll from the upper and lower sides.
Any material can be used for the support portion 401 as long as it does not wear due to the moving casting rod 1 and does not damage the surface of the casting rod 1.
The support portion 401 can be provided at a predetermined position from the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201, for example, at a position of 0.3 m to 5 m.

Here, the vibration surface 412 vibrates at a predetermined swing width and frequency and abuts against the side surface of the casting rod 1 to impart mechanical vibration to the casting rod 1. The vibration surface 412 transmits the vibration from the vibrator 413 to the casting rod 1 and has a mechanism that does not prevent the casting rod 1 from being cast and proceed. In FIG. 1, the vibrating surface 412 is a metal rotating roll, and the side surface of the rotating roll is in contact with the upper side surface of the casting rod 1. The rotating roll is preferable because it can impart vibration without damaging the side surface of the casting rod 1. The diameter of the rotating roll can be determined in consideration of the moving speed of the casting rod 1. For example, when the moving speed is 400 mm / min to 1200 mm / min, the diameter can be 30 mm to 50 mm. Further, the width of the side surface of the rotary roll can be determined in consideration of the diameter of the casting rod 1. For example, when the diameter of the casting rod 1 is 25 mm to 100 mm, the width can be 10 mm to 20 mm.
As the material of the rotating roll, any material can be used as long as it does not wear due to the moving casting rod 1, and conversely does not damage the surface of the casting rod 1, for example, an iron or SUS rotating roll. It can be.
The vibration surface 412 can be provided from the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 to a predetermined position, for example, to the support portion 401, and the position is preferably finely adjusted in consideration of the wavelength of the vibration frequency to be applied.
In FIG. 1, the vibration surface 412 is provided between the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 and the support portion 401, but the vibration surface 412 may be provided on the downstream side of the support portion 401.

  Here, the vibrator 413 is a vibration source for vibrating the vibrating surface 412 at a predetermined amplitude and frequency. For example, a magnetostrictive element, an electrostrictive element, or a mechanically changing volume when an electric signal is given. A rotating wheel, a rotating belt, an air cylinder whose volume is changed by air pressure, or the like can be used. In FIG. 1, the magnetostrictive element is provided between the vibration surface moving device 415 and the vibration surface 412 and each is coupled by screwing.

  Here, the vibrator driving device 414 is driven so as to perform an appropriate vibration operation according to a predetermined vibration condition (vibration frequency, amplitude) in which the vibration surface 412 is set, and in response to a command from the vibration control device 420. Those capable of adjusting the vibration conditions based on the above are preferable.

  Here, the vibration surface moving device 415 adjusts the contact pressure to the vibration surface 412 so that the vibration surface 412 can be contacted with a predetermined strength at a predetermined position of the casting rod 1 to give an appropriate vibration operation. For example, a gas cylinder, a spring, rubber, an elastic body, etc. can be used. When a gas cylinder is used, the pressure can be set to 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa. The vibration surface moving device 415 is preferably capable of adjusting the contact pressure based on a command from the vibration control device 420.

  Here, the vibration position moving device 416 adjusts the position so that the vibration surface 412 is in contact with a predetermined position of the casting rod 1 and performs an appropriate vibration operation. For example, an XYZ stage can be used. . The vibration position moving device 416 is preferably capable of adjusting the position based on a command from the vibration control device 420.

  Here, the mold temperature detector 417 is installed in the cylindrical mold 201 and detects the solidified state of the molten aluminum alloy 255 in the cylindrical mold 201 by temperature. For example, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 1, when the mold temperature detector 417 is installed on the upper side of the cylindrical mold 201, the mold temperature detector 417 is installed by giving appropriate vibration and displacement to the casting rod 1. The temperature of the upper portion of the cylindrical mold 201 is increased, and when the mold temperature detector 417 is installed on the lower side of the cylindrical mold 201 as shown by a dotted line in FIG. By giving the displacement, the temperature of the lower part of the cylindrical mold 201 provided with the mold temperature detector 417 is lowered. The mold temperature detector 417 detects this temperature change and sends it to the vibration control device 420. The mold temperature detector 417 is preferably installed at the position of the solid line and the position of the dotted line, but may be installed at one of the positions.

  Here, the cast bar detector 418 detects the presence / absence and / or movement speed of the cast bar 1 that has passed through the support portion 401, and the vibration control device 420 and / or the nondestructive inspection device 431 (to the nondestructive inspection device 431). The signal line is not shown in the figure.) A signal for starting the inspection is sent to the signal line. For example, light, electromagnetic force, eddy current, or the like can be used. In the case of an optical sensor, it is preferable because the apparatus becomes simple. Further, by detecting the casting rod 1, a vibration start signal can be sent to the vibration control device 420.

Here, the vibration state detector 419 detects the vibration frequency and vibration displacement of the casting rod 1 and sends it to the vibration control device 420. For example, a vibration sensor for converting vibration into a switch signal, displacement by CCD leather light. A sensor can be used. Further, the number of detectors can be reduced by providing the vibration state detector 419 with the function of the casting rod detector 418 or by providing the casting rod detector 418 with the function of the vibration state detector 419.
In FIG. 1, the vibration state detector 419 is provided on the downstream side of the support portion 401, but the vibration state detector 419 may be provided between the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 and the support portion 401.

  Here, the vibration control device 420 confirms that the continuous casting rod 1 moves from the cylindrical mold 201 through the support portion 401 based on a signal from the casting rod detector 418, and then detects the mold temperature. Based on at least one of the signals from the vibrator 417 and the vibration state detector 419, the vibration applying operation is controlled by giving a command to the vibrator driving device 414, the vibration surface moving device 415, and the vibration position moving device 416. . The control content can be programmed and stored in advance. In addition, it is possible to provide a function for automatically determining and setting the vibration condition based on data input from the outside (for example, a signal (data) from the nondestructive inspection device 431). The contents to be determined and set can be programmed and stored in advance.

  Here, the nondestructive inspection device 431 detects the internal structure state or discontinuous state of the casting rod 1 and sends it to the vibration control device 420. For example, an ultrasonic inspection device, an overflow flaw detection device, an X-ray It is desirable to combine one or two or more selected from inspection apparatuses.

It is preferable that the vibration imparting device 411 imparts a vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm (more preferably 10 μm to 20 μm) to the casting rod 1. In this way, vibration in the direction perpendicular to the solidification direction can be applied by vibrating the entire casting rod 1 relatively larger than conventional common sense. This vibration displacement is effective in suppressing the generation of feather crystals. If it is less than this, the effect is reduced. Beyond this, the casting operation becomes unstable.
It is preferable that the vibration imparting device 411 imparts a vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz (preferably 10 Hz to 50 Hz) to the casting rod 1. Those having this frequency are effective in suppressing the generation of feather crystals. If it is less than this, the effect is reduced. Beyond this, the casting operation becomes unstable.

  It is preferable that the oscillator provided in the vibrator driving device 414 can freely set not only the frequency but also the waveform. For example, it is preferable that the waveform can be freely changed to obtain a sawtooth wave, a pulse wave, a triangular wave, or the like. Overlapping impulse-shaped waveforms is preferable because a hammer effect can be obtained.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the vibration is a vibration in which modulation is applied to the vibration frequency. This is because, when the dispersion of the crystal grains that are standing waves at the single frequency is insufficient, the crystal grains that are liberated can be diffused by applying a modulated vibration.

  It is also preferable to further apply ultrasonic vibration. Since ultrasonic vibration can be expected to increase the number of solidification nuclei, it is preferably used as an auxiliary means. At this time, as a method of applying ultrasonic vibration, for example, there is a method of transmitting vibration through the surface of the casting rod 1.

  It is also possible to use an apparatus in which a vibration surface, a vibrator, a vibrator driving device, and a vibration surface moving device are integrated. For example, a commercially available vibrator can be used. In this case, the vibrator is a driving mechanism of the vibrator, the vibration surface is a vibration surface of the vibrator, the vibration surface moving device is a cushion mechanism of the vibrator, and the vibrator driving device is a portion corresponding to a circuit unit built in the vibrator.

  When covering the whole area of the audible sound wave, a speaker horn that electrically oscillates the audible sound wave can be used. The shape of the transmission horn is preferably the shape of a sound collector in which the propagation of vibration is concentrated because the propagation efficiency of vibration is improved.

  You may use the above vibration provision apparatus 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.

<Details of mold>
As shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical mold 201 is held so that the central axis 220 is substantially horizontal, and the cylindrical mold 201 is cooled by passing cooling water 202 into the mold cooling water cavity 204. The forced cooling means of the cylindrical mold 201 that removes the heat of the columnar metal melt 215 filled in the 201 from the surface in contact with the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 and forms a solidified shell on the surface, and the outlet side of the cylindrical mold 201 This mold has a forced cooling means for discharging the cooling water 202 from the cooling water shower device 205 so that the cooling water is directly applied to the solidified ingot 216 at the terminal to solidify the columnar metal melt 215 in the cylindrical mold 201. Furthermore, the cylindrical mold 201 is connected to the tundish 250 through a refractory plate-like body 210 at one end opposite to the jet port of the cooling water shower device 205. In FIG. 2, cooling water for forced cooling of the cylindrical mold 201 and cooling water for forced cooling of the solidified ingot 216 are supplied via the cooling water supply pipe 203. Can also be provided.

  Effective length from the position where the extension line of the central axis of the outlet of the cooling water shower device 205 hits the surface of the cast ingot 216 to the contact surface between the cylindrical mold 201 and the refractory plate 210 It is called the mold length (see reference numeral L in FIG. 2), and is preferably 15 mm to 70 mm. If the effective mold length is less than 15 mm, casting is impossible because a good film is not formed. If the effective mold length exceeds 70 mm, there is no effect of forced cooling, and solidification by the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 is dominant and the cylindrical mold 201 is not. And the columnar metal melt 215 or the solidified shell increases in contact resistance, and the casting becomes unstable, such as cracking in the casting surface or tearing inside the cylindrical mold 201.

  The material of the cylindrical mold 201 is preferably one or a combination of two or more selected from aluminum, copper, or alloys thereof. A combination of materials can be selected in terms of thermal conductivity, heat resistance, and mechanical strength.

Further, a mold in which a permeable porous material having a self-lubricating property (porous ring 222) is loaded in a ring shape on the surface of the cylindrical mold 201 that contacts the molten metal column 215 is preferable. The ring shape is a state where the entire inner wall surface 221 of the cylindrical mold is attached in the circumferential direction. Air permeability of the permeable porous material ^{0.005L / (cm 2 /min)~0.03L/(cm 2 /} min) ( more preferably ^{0.007L / (cm 2 / min)} ~0.02L / ( cm ² / min))). The thickness of the permeable porous material to be attached is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 mm to 10 mm (more preferably 3 to 8 mm). As permeable porous material, e.g., air permeability can be used graphite ^{0.008L / (cm 2 /min)~0.012L/(cm 2 /} min). Here, the air permeability is obtained by measuring the air flow rate per minute of air having a pressure of 2 kg / cm ^{2 with} respect to a test piece having a thickness of 5 mm.

  It is preferable to use a cylindrical mold 201 in which a permeable porous material is attached to an effective mold length L of 5 mm to 15 mm. An O-ring 213 is preferably disposed on the mating surface of the refractory plate-like body 210, the cylindrical mold 201, and the permeable porous material (porous ring 222).

  The shape of the inner wall of the radial cross section of the cylindrical mold 201 may be a triangle, a rectangular cross-sectional shape, or a shape having an irregular cross-sectional shape having no symmetry axis or plane of symmetry, in addition to a circular shape. Or when forming a hollow ingot, what hold | maintained the core inside the mold may be used. The cylindrical mold 201 is a mold whose both ends are open, and the molten aluminum alloy 255 enters the inside from one end through the pouring port 211 formed in the refractory plate-like body 210, and from the other end. The solidified ingot 216 is extruded or pulled out.

  The cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 is formed at an elevation angle of 0 degrees to 3 degrees (more preferably 0 degrees to 1 degree) with respect to the central axis 220 toward the drawing direction of the solidified ingot 216. If the elevation angle is less than 0 degrees, casting is impossible because the solidified ingot 216 receives resistance at the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 when the solidified ingot 216 is pulled out from the cylindrical mold 201, whereas if it exceeds 3 degrees, the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 is exceeded. The contact with the molten columnar alloy 215 becomes insufficient, and the effect of removing heat from the molten columnar alloy 215 or the solidified shell to the cylindrical mold 201 is lowered, resulting in insufficient solidification. As a result, remelted skin is generated on the surface of the solidified ingot 216, or there is a high possibility that it may lead to casting troubles such as ejection of unsolidified molten aluminum alloy from the end of the cylindrical mold 201, which is not preferable.

  The tundish 250 includes a molten metal inflow portion 251 that receives the molten aluminum alloy 255 adjusted to a prescribed alloy component by an external melting furnace or the like, a molten metal holding portion 252, and an outflow portion 253 to the cylindrical mold 201. The tundish 250 maintains the liquid level 254 of the molten aluminum alloy 255 at a position higher than the upper surface of the cylindrical mold 201, and stabilizes the molten aluminum alloy 255 in each cylindrical mold 201 in the case of multiple casting. Will be distributed. The molten aluminum alloy 255 held by the molten metal holding part 252 in the tundish 250 is poured into the tubular mold 201 from the pouring port 211 provided in the refractory plate-like body 210.

  The refractory plate-like body 210 is for separating the tundish 250 and the cylindrical mold 201, and can be made of a material having fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties. Examples include Insular manufactured by Foseco Co., Ltd. and Fiber Blanket Board manufactured by Ibiden Co., Ltd. The refractory plate-like body 210 has such a shape that the pouring port 211 can be formed. One or two or more pouring gates 211 can be formed in a portion where the refractory plate-like body 210 projects inward from the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221.

  Reference numeral 208 denotes a fluid supply pipe for supplying fluid. The fluid can include a lubricating fluid. The fluid may be any one or two or more fluids selected from gas and liquid lubricant. The supply pipes for the gas and liquid lubricant are preferably provided separately. The fluid pressurized and supplied from the fluid supply pipe 208 is supplied to the gap between the cylindrical mold 201 and the refractory plate-like body 210 through the annular passage 224. It is preferable that a gap of 200 μm or less is formed in a portion where the cylindrical mold 201 faces the refractory plate-like 210 body. The gap is large enough to allow the fluid to flow out to the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 so that the molten aluminum alloy 255 is not inserted. In the form shown in FIG. 2, the annular passage 224 is perforated on the outer peripheral surface side of the permeable porous material (porous ring 222) attached to the cylindrical mold 201, and the fluid is applied by the applied pressure. The permeable porous material penetrates into the entire surface of the permeable porous material that is in contact with the molten aluminum alloy 255 and is supplied to the inner wall surface 221 of the cylindrical mold. The liquid lubricant may be heated to be decomposed gas and supplied to the cylindrical mold inner wall surface 221 in some cases.

  As a result, it is possible to improve the lubrication between the permeable porous surface of the tubular mold 201 and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar metal melt 215 main body and the outer peripheral surface of the solidified shell. By mounting the permeable porous material in a ring shape, a better lubricating effect can be obtained, and an aluminum alloy continuous casting rod can be easily cast.

  The corner space 230 is formed by one or more kinds selected from the supplied gas, the liquid lubricant, and the gas obtained by decomposing the liquid lubricant.

<Description of casting method>
The casting method of the present invention will be described.
In FIG. 2, the molten aluminum alloy alloy 255 in the tundish 250 is supplied to the cylindrical mold 201 held through the refractory plate-like body 210 so that the central axis 220 is substantially horizontal. It is forcibly cooled at the outlet to become a solidified ingot 216. The solidified ingot 216 is pulled out at a constant speed by a driving device installed near the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201, and thus continuously cast into a cast bar. The drawn cast bar is cut into a predetermined length by a synchronous cutting machine.

The composition of the molten aluminum alloy 255 stored in the tundish 250 will be described.
The molten aluminum alloy 255 contains 6 mass% to 20 mass% Si, 2.0 mass% to 5.0 mass% Cu, and 0.4 mass% to 2.0 mass% Mg. preferable.

  In particular, those containing 9 mass% to 11 mass% of Si have excellent mechanical properties and improved wear resistance due to hard Si because Al and Si in the ingot form a fine layered structure. This is preferable.

  The solidified casting rod 1 is pulled out from the outlet of the cylindrical mold 201 of the casting machine and supported by the support portion 401. Since the support portion 401 has a degree of freedom with respect to the moving direction of the casting rod 1, the casting rod 1 is further pulled out and cut into a predetermined length by a synchronous cutting machine. In a state where the casting rod 1 is supported by the support portion 401, the vibration surface 412 of the vibration applying device 411 is applied to the surface of the casting rod 1, and vibration is applied from the vibration applying device 411 to the casting rod 1. On the other hand, since the casting is continuously performed as it is, the casting rod 1 is continuously cast in a state where vibration is applied.

  In the present invention, since the molten aluminum alloy 255 is solidified while applying vibration to the molten aluminum alloy 255 from the surface of the cast rod 1 that has been cast, the occurrence of feather crystals is suppressed and the variation in crystal grains is made uniform. Can be made.

  The difference between the height of the liquid level 254 of the molten aluminum alloy 255 stored in the tundish 250 and the upper surface of the inner wall surface 221 of the cylindrical mold is set to 0 mm to 250 mm (more preferably 50 mm to 170 mm). Is preferred. This is because the castability is stable because the pressure of the molten aluminum alloy 255 supplied into the cylindrical mold 201 and the lubricating oil and the gas from which the lubricating oil is vaporized are balanced, and the casting rod 1 can be easily cast. . By providing a level sensor for measuring and monitoring the level of the liquid level 254 of the molten aluminum alloy 255 in the tundish 250, this difference can be managed with accuracy and maintained at a predetermined value.

  As the liquid lubricant, vegetable oil which is a lubricating oil can be used. For example, rapeseed oil, castor oil, salad oil can be mentioned. It is preferable because it has a small adverse effect on the environment.

  The lubricating oil supply rate is preferably 0.05 mL / min to 5 mL / min (more preferably 0.1 mL / min to 1 mL / min). This is because if the supply amount is too small, breakage of the ingot occurs due to insufficient lubrication, and if it is too much, the excess part may be mixed into the ingot and hinder the uniform grain size distribution.

The casting speed, which is the speed at which the ingot is drawn from the cylindrical mold 201, is preferably 200 mm / min to 1500 mm / min (more preferably 400 mm / min to 1000 mm / min). This is because castability is not deteriorated due to fluctuations in casting conditions, and vibration is applied even at a high cooling rate, so that the ingot structure can be made fine and uniform.
Of course, the effect of the present invention is not limited to the casting speed, but the effect becomes remarkable when the casting speed is increased.

The amount of cooling water discharged from the cooling water shower device 205 is preferably 5 L / min to 30 L / min (more preferably 25 L / min to 30 L / min) per mold. If the amount of cooling water is too small, breakout may occur or the ingot surface may be remelted to form a non-uniform structure, which may hinder the uniformity of the crystal grain size distribution. On the other hand, if the amount of the cooling water is excessive, the heat removal from the cylindrical mold 201 is too large and casting becomes impossible.
Of course, the effect of the present invention is not limited to the amount of cooling water, but the effect becomes significant when the cooling capacity is increased to increase the cooling rate.

  The average temperature of the molten aluminum alloy 255 flowing into the cylindrical mold 201 from the tundish 250 is preferably 600 ° C. to 750 ° C. (more preferably 640 ° C. to 680 ° C.). If the temperature of the molten aluminum alloy 255 is too low, there is a risk that a coarse crystallized product will be formed in the cylindrical mold 201 and earlier to prevent the crystal grain size distribution from being uniform. On the other hand, if the temperature of the molten aluminum alloy 255 is too high, a large amount of hydrogen gas is taken into the molten aluminum alloy 255 and taken into the ingot as porosity, which may hinder the uniformity of the crystal grain size distribution. is there.

<Obtained cast bar>
In the continuous cast bar thus cast, the occurrence of feathery crystals is 10% or less in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the other is a continuous cast bar of aluminum alloy that is columnar crystals and / or granular crystals. Become. In addition, the particle size of the granular crystal becomes uniform.

  The composition ratio of the alloy components of the ingot can be confirmed, for example, by a method using a photoelectric photometric emission spectroscopic analyzer (device example: PDA-5500 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) as described in JIS H 1305.

<Casting apparatus and method having feedback (part 1)>
A casting apparatus is provided with a vibration applying device 411 having a feedback mechanism that adjusts the vibration amplitude and / or frequency applying conditions of the vibration surface 412 based on a signal from a vibration state detector 419 provided on the side surface of the casting rod 1. You can also.
As for the vibration state detected by the vibration state detector 419, the state of the symmetrical position with the support portion 401 as the center can be well monitored. For example, when the vibration state detector 419 is installed at a position symmetrical to the vibration surface 412 around the support portion 401 (that is, the distance from the support portion 401 to the vibration state detector 419 and the distance from the support portion 401 to the vibration surface 412). The distance is the same.) The state given by the vibration surface 412 can be accurately monitored. Since the result can be fed back, a stable vibration applying state can be maintained. For example, when the vibration state detector 419 is installed at a position symmetrical to the cylindrical mold 201 with the support portion 401 as the center of symmetry, the vibration state on the casting surface of the cylindrical mold 201 can be monitored. By feeding back the result, the vibration state on the casting surface can be kept constant.

<Casting apparatus and method having feedback (part 2)>
A vibration applying device 411 that monitors the temperature of the cylindrical mold 201 by a mold temperature detector (temperature sensor) 417 installed in the cylindrical mold 201 and has feedback for adjusting the optimum vibration amplitude and / or frequency applying conditions. It can also be set as the casting apparatus provided with. In addition, a mold temperature detector 417 is installed in the molten aluminum alloy 255 from the cylindrical mold 201, detects the temperature of the molten aluminum alloy 255, and monitors the temperature of the molten aluminum alloy 255, so that vibration suitable for casting conditions can be obtained. The state can also be maintained.

<Casting apparatus and method having feedback (part 3)>
Another casting method of the casting rod 1 of the present invention will be described.
A casting apparatus for casting while applying vibration from the surface of the casting rod 1 solidified during casting in the continuous casting process to the molten aluminum alloy 255 near the solidifying surface 217 via the solidifying surface 217 of the casting rod 1; In the casting apparatus composed of the non-destructive inspection apparatus 431 for the cast rod 1, the vibration amplitude and / or frequency application conditions are adjusted according to the state of the crystal grain distribution detected by the non-destructive inspection apparatus (non-destructive inspection step) 431. It is also possible to provide a casting apparatus having feedback.
Thus, the casting rod 1 can be cast while adjusting the vibration amplitude and / or frequency application conditions according to the state of the crystal grain distribution detected by the nondestructive inspection device 431.

<Casting apparatus and method having feedback (part 4)>
Any two of the three feedbacks described above may be selected and combined, or a casting apparatus including the vibration applying device 411 in which the three feedbacks described above are combined may be used.

Hereinafter, an example of cooperation with the inspection process will be described with reference to FIG.
Usually, the casting rod 1 cast in the continuous casting process is subjected to defect inspection by a nondestructive inspection process placed thereafter, and quality is determined.
If necessary, before being put into the non-destructive inspection, post casting processes such as cutting to a predetermined length, heat treatment, bending correction, and surface cutting are combined and placed.
Here, the continuous casting process includes the casting method for applying the vibration of the present invention described above.

In the non-destructive inspection, although there are various methods, a discontinuous state inside the cast ingot is detected, and the defect of the cast bar 1 is determined. Here, the state of variation in the crystal grain size can be detected by adjusting the detection conditions. It is preferable that the nondestructive inspection is one type or a combination of two or more types selected from ultrasonic inspection, overcurrent inspection, and X-ray inspection. This is because feedback is easy and can be realized simultaneously with defect inspection.
Ultrasonic inspection and overflow flaw inspection are preferable because the apparatus becomes simple.

For example, in ultrasonic inspection, which is a kind of non-destructive inspection, it is possible to detect a variation in crystal grain size by measuring the disturbance state of echo waves.
Further, in an overflow flaw inspection which is a kind of non-destructive inspection, it is possible to detect the state of crystal grain variation by measuring the disturbance of the echo signal. Since the occurrence of feathery crystals is related to the variation in crystal grain size, it is possible to detect the occurrence of feathery crystals by detecting the variation in crystal grain size.

  In the casting method of the present invention, preferably, the detected result is fed back to the operating condition of the vibration applying device 411. The operating condition for applying vibration to be fed back is preferably amplitude and / or frequency. It is also possible to use feedback that optimizes the vibration applying position 411.

  The continuous casting rod casting method is characterized by having feedback that adjusts the condition for applying vibration according to the state of the crystal grain size distribution detected by nondestructive inspection. As a result, the occurrence of feathery crystals in the cross section can be suppressed, and the variation in crystal grain size becomes uniform. As a result, a continuous casting rod excellent in machinability and forgeability is stably and continuously cast. be able to.

The nondestructive inspection method used in the present invention will be described.
Although this nondestructive inspection can be performed with the ingot as it is, the unevenness on the surface of the ingot becomes a disturbance and affects the inspection accuracy. Therefore, the nondestructive inspection is performed after the outer periphery removing process in which the surface state of the cast bar 1 is in order. Is preferred.

The eddy current flaw detector uses an electromagnetic induction phenomenon to determine the presence or absence of defects based on changes in the eddy current generated on the surface of the material to be inspected. be able to.
The eddy current flaw detection apparatus includes a coil that is a detector, a signal processing unit that processes a signal from the detector, and a determination unit that compares a preset condition with a processing signal to determine and output a determination result. Have.
The through-type eddy current flaw detector detects a change in eddy current generated in the process of passing the material to be inspected (casting rod 1) through the coil.
On the other hand, the rotary eddy current flaw detector detects changes in eddy currents generated on the surface of a material to be inspected when a small coil arranged around the material to be inspected (casting rod 1) rotates.

The ultrasonic flaw detection apparatus includes a probe as a detector, a signal processing means for a signal from the detector, a determination means for comparing the preset condition and the processed signal, and determining whether the result is acceptable, and outputting a result of the acceptance. Have
This is because this ultrasonic flaw detection can perform an internal inspection by the behavior of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the probe in the inspection object (casting rod 1).
Other non-destructive inspection methods include X-ray transmission inspection, but it takes time to manage the equipment, such as the need for a high-voltage device to generate X-rays.
On the other hand, ultrasonic flaw detection is highly capable of detecting cracks, and by processing the detected electrical signal, it is easier to automatically determine the crystal grain size distribution state than X-rays that require image processing. Therefore, it is possible to make a stable determination with high detection accuracy.

Examples of the ultrasonic flaw detection method used in the present invention include a reflection method, a transmission method, an oblique angle method, a surface wave method, a resonance method, and a direct contact method. Examples of the medium include water, machine oil, water glass, Grease, petroleum jelly, etc. are used.
Examples of the measuring method include a contact method, a water immersion method, a pulse wave method, a continuous wave method, a two probe method, a single probe method, and a multiple reflection method.
As a method of the present invention, a pulsed ultrasonic signal is transmitted, a signal reflected or transmitted is received, and the presence of a non-uniform portion or feather crystal is detected from a change (reflection, shielding, attenuation) of the received signal. Can be used.

When flaw detection is performed with a reflective ultrasonic flaw detector, the frequency is preferably in the range of 2 MHz to 8 MHz.
A suitable probe is selected in consideration of the diameter, material, and directivity angle.
The ultrasonic wave incident on the casting rod 1 spreads after traveling linearly, but if the linear travel distance is too long or the near field limit distance is too long, it can be used for small-diameter flaw detection. Therefore, it is necessary to select the one that can obtain the optimum sensitivity according to the size of the casting rod 1.
Further, in order to improve the S / N ratio, it is necessary to consider the material and the like so that a sufficient waveform can be obtained even with a low amplification degree.
In addition, it is necessary to consider the directivity angle in order to reduce the number of probes or increase the flaw detection speed.

It is preferable to provide a gap between the probe and the surface of the casting rod 1 and fill the gap with a medium for flaw detection. This is because even if the roughness of the surface of the casting rod 1 varies, the ultrasonic waves can be stably incident.
In addition, it is preferable that the medium is water or machine oil because attenuation of ultrasonic waves is small.

As described above, when a continuous casting rod is cast using a continuous casting apparatus having a vibration imparting device (vibration imparting means) that imparts mechanical vibration to the surface of the cast rod that has been cast, Thus, the molten aluminum alloy is solidified while applying vibration from the surface of the cast rod that has been completed to the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface through the solidified surface of the cast rod. That is, since the vibration is mechanically applied from the side surface of the cast rod, the vibration is directly applied to the growth point.
When the molten aluminum alloy solidifies, it has the property of solidifying by dendrite growth in the direction of the temperature gradient. As the solidification progresses, the vibration applied from the casting rod is applied to the molten aluminum alloy nearby through the solidification surface, so that the crystal grains formed on the solidification surface are separated from dendrite growth and become solidification nuclei. Further, it moves in the molten aluminum alloy melt in the vicinity and is uniformly dispersed, and works to make the structure of the ingot and the crystallized particles uniform and fine.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the casting rod is given a vibration including a component perpendicular to the casting direction. Since the fluffy crystal grows with a relatively large diameter, applying vibration from the molten aluminum alloy side cannot sufficiently suppress the growth. Since the growth point on the side is directly oscillated, it is estimated that the growth of feathery crystals can be efficiently divided and the generation of feathery crystals can be suppressed.
On the other hand, it is presumed that the following effects can be obtained by applying a close-packed wave having a vibration component in the casting direction from the casting rod. Since the component propagates as a sound wave (coherent wave) through the casting rod and reaches the solidified surface, the solidified crystal is released from the surface because it is shaken by vibrations in the front-rear direction with respect to the solidified surface. .
The liberated one moves greatly in the direction parallel to the solidified surface by the vibration of the relatively large vertical component described above.
In this way, the divided solidified particles are widely dispersed in the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface, and the temperature distribution of the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface is made uniform, the ingot structure and crystallization particles are uniform, and It is presumed that it acts to promote miniaturization.

  Thus, the structure of the ingot by continuous casting by solidifying the molten aluminum alloy while imparting vibration from the surface of the cast rod after casting to the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface through the solidified surface of the cast rod. The effect of uniformizing and refining the crystallized particles is different from the conventional method of adding a refining agent and utilizing these as solidification nuclei. That is, in the present invention, it is possible to make the structure of the ingot and the crystallized particles uniform and fine without adding a finer or by reducing the addition amount. Of course, it is also possible to obtain the effect of further improving the homogenization and refinement of the ingot structure and crystallized particles by adding the finer.

  Although the conventional method could only be realized indirectly (for example, by shaking the entire molten aluminum alloy), the present invention vibrates a casting rod having a solidified surface at the tip. Therefore, fine vibration can be directly applied to the solidified surface (suppressing fine vibration of the molten aluminum alloy). Compared to a mold or a molten aluminum alloy, a cast bar is preferable because it has a high density as a sound wave transmission medium and has excellent vibration propagation characteristics.

In the conventional method, since vibration is applied from the mold, the entire molten aluminum alloy vibrates, which is not preferable. When vibration is applied from the mold, the propagation route becomes mold → aluminum alloy molten metal → a molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface, and the vibration is attenuated by the molten aluminum alloy in the middle.
In the present invention, vibration is imparted to the molten aluminum alloy in the vicinity of the solidified surface not from the center side of the molten aluminum alloy but directly from the solidified surface side or without vibrating the entire molten aluminum alloy. It can also be realized efficiently. Further, since the vibration is propagated from the dense (casting rod) to the coarse (molten metal), the efficiency of applying vibration to the vicinity of the interface is good.

A molten metal containing 11% by mass of Si, 4.0% by mass of Cu, and 0.5% by mass of Mg was continuously cast into a billet having a diameter of 30 mm while applying vibration using the apparatus shown in FIG. The casting conditions are as follows.
(1) Level difference between the melt level in the tundish and the upper surface of the mold inner wall: 150 mm
(2) Lubricating oil: Rapeseed oil (3) Lubricating oil supply rate: 0.2 mL / min (4) Casting speed: 900 mm / min (5) Cooling water supply rate: 30 L / min (6) Melt temperature average in tundish: 660 ° C
Furthermore, the imparted vibration conditions are as follows.
(1) Device: Vibration surface / metal roll, vibrator / magnetostrictive element, vibration surface moving device / gas cushion (2) Vibration frequency / oscillation width (vibration displacement): See Table 1.
(3) 50 mm from mold to vibration application point / 2000 mm from mold to support

The cast product was evaluated as follows.
Every 30 minutes after 10 hours of continuous operation, the grain size distribution of the crystal grains of the cut surface of the continuous cast bar perpendicular to the longitudinal direction was measured. The crystal grain size was measured using an image analyzer (manufactured by Nireco Corporation). The generation ratio of feathery crystals at that time (area where feathery crystals were observed / total observation area). Moreover, the unevenness | corrugation of the cut surface when cut was measured. And forgeability shows good by (circle).
The results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 5 (No1 to No5), columnar crystals and / or granular crystals occupy most while suppressing the occurrence frequency of feathery crystals, and variation in crystal grain size The average particle size is small, and excellent machinability and forgeability are obtained.
On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 (No. 6) had a large occurrence frequency of feather-like crystals, a large variation in crystal grain size, and a large average grain size.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the vibration provision apparatus of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example near the casting_mold | template of the horizontal continuous casting apparatus used for this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the hot top casting apparatus which shows another example of the mold vicinity of the casting apparatus used for this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casting rod 201 Cylindrical mold 202 Cooling water 203 Cooling water supply pipe 204 Mold cooling water cavity 205 Cooling water shower device 208 Fluid supply pipe 210 Refractory plate-like body 211 Pouring port 213 O-ring 215 Columnar molten metal 216 Solid ingot 217 Solidified surface 220 Central axis 221 Cylindrical mold inner wall surface 222 Porous ring 224 Annular passage 230 Corner space 250 Tundish 251 Molten inflow portion 252 Melt holding portion 253 Outflow portion 254 Liquid surface level 255 Aluminum alloy molten metal 301 Water cooling mold 302 Water cooling Jet 311 molten metal receiver (header)
321 Lower mold 331 Water 341 Aluminum alloy molten metal 342 Solidified ingot 343 Solidified surface 401 Support portion 411 Vibration applying device (vibration applying means)
412 Vibrating surface 413 Vibrator 414 Vibrator driving device 415 Vibrating surface moving device 416 Vibration position moving device 417 Mold temperature detector 418 Casting rod detector 419 Vibration state detector 420 Vibration control device 431 Nondestructive inspection device L Effective mold length

Claims (20)

In continuous casting equipment for casting continuous casting rods from molten aluminum alloy,
The continuous cast bar during casting, solidification impart mechanical vibrations from complete side, set the vibrating means for vibrating the molten aluminum alloy in solidifying the vicinity through the solidified surface from the surface,
The vibration applying means applies a vibration with a modulated vibration frequency.
A continuous casting apparatus characterized by that. The vibration applying means applies a vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm to the continuous casting rod.
The continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1. The vibration applying means applies a vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz to the continuous casting rod.
The continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is a continuous casting apparatus. The vibration applying means is a combination of one or more selected from magnetostrictive elements, electrostrictive elements, rotating wheels, rotating belts, and air cylinders.
The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the apparatus is a continuous casting apparatus. Continuous casting is lateral casting,
The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the apparatus is a continuous casting apparatus. A support part for supporting the continuous casting rod is provided at a position of 0.3 to 5 m from the mold outlet,
The vibration applying means is disposed between the support and the mold outlet or downstream of the support.
The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the apparatus is a continuous casting apparatus. A support part for supporting the continuous casting rod is provided at a position of 0.3 to 5 m from the mold outlet,
The vibration applying means has a vibration state detector for detecting the vibration state of the continuous casting rod, and the vibration amplitude condition and / or the vibration frequency condition to be applied to the continuous casting rod based on a signal from the vibration state detector. To control the
The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the apparatus is a continuous casting apparatus. The vibration applying means has a mold temperature detector for detecting the solidification state of the molten aluminum alloy in the mold installed in the mold, and the amplitude of vibration applied to the continuous casting rod based on the signal from the mold temperature detector Control conditions and / or frequency conditions of vibration,
The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the apparatus is a continuous casting apparatus. A non-destructive inspection device that inspects the internal structure of a continuous casting rod is installed.
The vibration applying means controls the amplitude condition and / or the frequency condition of the vibration applied to the continuous cast bar based on the signal from the nondestructive inspection device .
The continuous casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the continuous casting apparatus is characterized. The nondestructive inspection measure is one or a combination of two or more selected from an ultrasonic inspection apparatus, an eddy current inspection apparatus, and an X-ray inspection apparatus.
The continuous casting apparatus according to claim 9 . In a casting method of a continuous casting rod for casting a continuous casting rod from a molten aluminum alloy,
From the surface of the continuous casting rod that has been solidified during casting, the molten aluminum alloy is solidified while applying a vibration whose frequency is modulated to the molten aluminum alloy near the solidified surface through the solidified surface of the continuous casting rod. Let
A method for casting a continuous cast bar characterized by the above . The vibration is a vibration displacement of 5 μm to 100 μm.
The method for casting a continuous cast bar according to claim 11 . The vibration is a vibration of 2 Hz to 500 Hz.
The method for casting a continuous cast bar according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the method is a casting method. Continuous casting is lateral casting,
The continuous casting rod casting method according to any one of claims 11 to 13 , wherein the casting method is performed. Controlling the amplitude condition of vibration and / or the frequency condition of vibration applied to the continuous casting bar based on the signal from the vibration state detector for detecting the vibration state of the continuous casting bar;
The method for casting a continuous cast bar according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein: Control the vibration amplitude condition and / or vibration frequency condition applied to the continuous casting rod based on the signal from the mold temperature detector that detects the solidification state of the molten aluminum alloy in the mold placed in the mold.
The method for casting a continuous casting rod according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the casting method is performed. Controlling the vibration amplitude condition and / or the vibration frequency condition applied to the continuous cast bar based on a signal from a non-destructive inspection device for inspecting the internal structure of the continuous cast bar.
The method for casting a continuous cast bar according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein: The occurrence of feather crystals in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is 10% or less, and the others are columnar crystals and / or granular crystals.
An aluminum alloy continuous cast bar cast by the continuous cast bar casting method according to any one of claims 11 to 17 . The aluminum alloy melt was solidified without adding an additive to refine crystal grains.
An aluminum alloy continuous cast bar cast by the continuous cast bar casting method according to any one of claims 11 to 17 . Containing 6 mass% to 20 mass% Si, 2.0 mass% to 5.0 mass% Cu, and 0.4 mass% to 2.0 mass% Mg;
An aluminum alloy continuous cast bar cast by the continuous cast bar casting method according to any one of claims 11 to 17 .

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