JP4773128B2 - Blood pressure measurement device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood pressure measurement device, and more particularly to a technique in which an outer ear and its peripheral portion are measured parts.

  The blood pressure fluctuates every moment according to changes in the external environment and internal environment. For this reason, it would be ideal if the beats could be recorded continuously, but even if they could not be recorded continuously, the blood pressure in the day was measured continuously (intermittently) to measure the change in blood pressure over time. It is also important to perform health care by measuring.

  When blood pressure is regularly measured with a conventional blood pressure measurement device, for example, the blood pressure is measured by wrapping a cuff around the upper arm of the subject. In this case, it is necessary to wear on the body a large-sized cuff that covers the upper arm and the main body of the blood pressure measurement device connected to the cuff. For this reason, the test subject needs to wear a cuff on the upper arm and send a daily life with the body of the blood pressure measurement device connected to the cuff attached to the body, but this causes a great hindrance in the daily life. In addition, the subject may be burdened by feeling pain because the upper arm is compressed each time pressure is measured.

In order to solve such a problem, there is a measurement method for measuring blood pressure in a state where a small cuff is wound around a finger instead of measuring blood pressure with the upper arm. In this measuring method, since the size of the finger is smaller than that of the upper arm, the cuff and the main body can be reduced in size. (Non-Patent Document 1)
Furthermore, there is a method of measuring a pulse wave by attaching a cuff to the earlobe and pressing the earlobe (Patent Document 1).

As described above, according to the method using the earlobe as the detected portion, the cuff and the main body can be made smaller than the sphygmomanometer that measures the blood pressure by attaching the cuff to the upper arm, and the burden on the subject can be reduced.
Osamu Tochikubo, “Measurement method and clinical evaluation of blood pressure”, Medical Tribune, Inc., published in 1988, pp. 59-61 JP 2005-6906 A

  However, even if the pulse wave and blood pressure are measured with the earlobe as described above, the blood vessels of the earlobe are very thin, and it is difficult to measure the blood pressure stably and accurately. In particular, the blood vessels of the earlobe contract when the outside air temperature is lowered, and it becomes more difficult to measure stably.

  Therefore, it is considered that blood pressure, which is relatively close to the upper arm, can be stably measured by attaching a cuff to a tragus with a larger blood vessel than the earlobe and measuring blood pressure or the like.

  However, since the earlobe is soft and relatively large and highly exposed, the cuff is easy to wear. However, since the tragus is relatively hard and has a great individual difference in shape, the structure of the ear tab wearing cuff disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used. It cannot be used for tragus as it is. That is, even if the structure of the mounting portion disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, it is difficult to stably obtain the blood pressure measurement result in the tragus. Moreover, there is a risk that the degree of invasiveness to the subject will increase if it is forced to wear.

  On the other hand, the cuff attached to the tragus is connected to the main body of the device incorporating the pulse wave detecting means, the pressure increasing / decreasing means and the blood pressure measurement control means via piping and wiring, for example. It can be used in the state of being accommodated in the breast pocket of the user.

  Since the pipe has a hollow portion serving as a flow path for fluid containing air, the wiring can be configured not to be exposed to the outside by passing the wiring through the hollow portion.

  However, since this configuration requires a seal portion at a portion where the wiring is drawn out of the pipe, it is difficult to ensure the sealing performance, and there is a problem in durability over a long period of time. In addition, the assembly work will be hindered.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a blood pressure measurement device that can simultaneously improve sealing performance and increase work efficiency when piping and wiring are integrated. Yes. In addition, it aims at improving noise resistance.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the blood pressure measurement device of the present invention has the following configuration. That is,
An inner cuff inserted into the ear canal and an outer cuff located outside the tragus;
Holding means for holding the inner cuff and the outer cuff;
A pulse wave detecting means built in at least one of the inner cuff or the outer cuff and detecting a pulse wave signal from blood flowing in the blood vessel;
Pressurizing and depressurizing means for pressurizing and depressurizing the inner cuff and the outer cuff with a fluid containing air after pinching the tragus with the inner cuff and the outer cuff;
A pipe connected and bent between the inner cuff, the outer cuff and the pressurizing and depressurizing means for sending the fluid;
Pressure detecting means connected to the pipe for detecting the pressure of the inner cuff and the outer cuff;
Blood pressure measurement control means for measuring a blood pressure value from the pulse wave signal;
In order to send the pulse wave signal to the blood pressure measurement control means, the wiring connected between the pulse wave detection means and the blood pressure measurement control means,
The pulse wave detecting means is an optical type comprising a light emitting element and a light receiving element for obtaining a signal obtained from absorption and reflection of light by blood flowing in a blood vessel,
The wiring is a stranded wire connected from each of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and is laid along the longitudinal direction on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe,
The pipe is molded using an elastic material containing silicon rubber, natural rubber, and a predetermined synthetic resin,
The wiring and the pipe are integrated by being covered with a stretchable covering member formed in a mesh shape from a fibrous body having a predetermined count .

  Further, the coating member is subjected to a metal coating treatment for improving noise resistance.

Then, a built-in and said the pressure regulating means and said blood pressure measurement control means in the apparatus main body,
The inner cuff and the holding means holding the outer cuff are connected by the integrated pipe and the wiring.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily pull out the wiring from the pipe without providing a seal portion. In addition, noise resistance can be improved.

  First, the greatest feature point of the present invention is that the tragus is used as a blood pressure measurement site. The reason for selecting the tragus as the site for measuring blood pressure in this manner is that the tragus is a part of the auricle and is quite small, and thus has an advantage that the blood pressure detection unit can be downsized. Moreover, since the tragus is a part of the head, it has little positional fluctuation and is suitable for blood pressure measurement. In addition, the tragus is not used for purposes other than sound collection, so even if you always wear a cuff here, there are fewer problems with daily life compared to fingers, etc. The degree of invasiveness that causes pain to the subject can be reduced.

  Here, supplementing the point that pain can be reduced during blood pressure measurement by using the tragus as the blood pressure measurement site, the upper arm and fingers perform complicated work as important parts of the body, so that those work can be done Many nerves are stretched around the blood vessels. On the other hand, the tragus, which is part of the pinna, is fixed to the head and used mainly for sound collection purposes. Less than fingers. For this reason, when measuring blood pressure using the outer ear and its peripheral part, the tragus is the least painful part, and the tragus is a small part and the cuff can be made small. Compared to measurement, there is an advantage that pain during blood pressure measurement can be reduced.

  However, since the tragus is a small part of the auricle, if the small blood pressure measurement unit cannot be fixed securely and stably to the tragus, the blood pressure detection unit will move during measurement and accuracy Blood pressure cannot be measured well.

  For example, the blood pressure detection unit includes a pipe for supplying pressurized fluid, pressurized air or pressurized liquid to the cuff for pressurizing the tragus, and power for driving the blood pressure detection unit and blood pressure measurement from the blood pressure detection unit It is connected to a wiring which is a signal line such as an output signal transmitted to the apparatus main body. The piping and wiring are connected to the main body of the blood pressure measurement device. For this reason, when blood pressure is measured over a long period of time, for example, when operating the main body of the blood pressure measurement device, if the hand touches the piping or wiring and the mounting position of the blood pressure detection unit is shifted, it is correct. Blood pressure cannot be measured.

  Hereinafter, blood pressure measuring devices according to preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the structure of each part of the blood pressure measuring device of each embodiment shown below, a shape, and a dimension are only an example, and the technical scope of this invention is not limitedly interpreted by these.

<Overall configuration>
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing a state in which an ear-type sphygmomanometer 1 which is a blood pressure measuring device of the present invention is in use with respect to the auricle.

  In this figure, an auricle 220 which is a so-called ear has an tragus 221, an antitragus 222, an ear conch 223, an antipod 224, an earring 225, and an antipodal leg 226 formed continuously from the edge of the ear canal 230. The positional relationship is as shown in the figure. Further, on the back side of the opposite wheel 224, an extending portion (not shown) in which cartilage is built as an ear-hanging portion continuous with the side surface of the head is formed. It is known that the shape and size of each of these parts vary greatly by sex, sex, age, or individual type. It is also known that a superficial temporal artery is built in the vertical direction near the tragus 21.

  Next, the ear-type sphygmomanometer 1 includes an inner cuff assembly 6 serving as one of the cuffs inserted and set in the external auditory canal 230 and an outer cuff assembly 7 serving as the other of the cuffs located outside the tragus 221. As shown in the figure, the mounting portion 3 is held by a holding member 10, and the apparatus main body 2 is connected from the mounting portion 3 via a pipe 4 and a wiring 5. The outer cuff assembly 7 is fixed via a ball bearing (not shown) at the end of the clamping width adjusting screw 11 for adjusting the tragus clamping width dimension, so that the outer cuff assembly 7 can be freely used. The head can be oscillated so that it can abut against the tragus 221 evenly.

  And as shown in the figure, while the mounting part 3 is set on the tragus 221 of the left ear, the apparatus main body 2 is accommodated in, for example, a subject's breast pocket or a dedicated pouch. Here, the mounting portion 3 can be set in the right ear. Further, by putting the apparatus main body 2 in a breast pocket of clothes and then sandwiching it with a clip or the like, it can be prevented from falling off during daily movement. In addition, a liquid crystal display unit, a start switch, and the like may be arranged on the upper surface of the apparatus main body 2 so that necessary operations necessary for blood pressure measurement can be performed without taking them out from a pocket or the like.

<Circuit configuration of photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer>
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the operation circuit 100 in the apparatus main body 2 when the ear sphygmomanometer 1 of FIG. 1 is configured as a photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer. In FIG. 2, inside an inner cuff (assembly) 6 of the mounting portion 3 to be mounted on the tragus 221, an LED 20 that is a light emitting element constituting a photoelectric sensor (pulse wave sensor) and a phototransistor 21 that is a light receiving element. It is included. As described above, the pipe 4 is a rubber tube (air tube) and forms a flow path of air into the inner cuff 6. The pressure pump 108 uses an electric small motor as a drive source, sends compressed air into the condenser tank 107, and sends pressurized air into the inner cuff assembly 6 after rectification. Further, the quick exhaust valve 104 branched and connected from the pipe 4 is provided with an electromagnetic valve mechanism (not shown), and rapidly reduces the pressure in the inner cuff assembly 6. Further, the fine exhaust valve 105 branched and connected similarly reduces the pressure in the inner cuff assembly 6 at a constant speed (for example, 2 to 3 mmHg / sec). Further, the pressure sensor 106 branched from the pipe 4 changes the electrical parameter according to the pressure in the cuff 6. A pressure detection amplifier (AMP) 107 connected to the pressure sensor 106 detects an electrical parameter of the pressure sensor 106, converts it into an electrical signal, amplifies it, and outputs an analog cuff pressure signal P. .

  The LED 20 irradiates light to the pulsating vascular blood flow, and the phototransistor 21 detects reflected light from the vascular blood flow. The filter AMP 109 connected via the wiring 5 is a pulse wave detection amplifier, which amplifies the output signal of the phototransistor 21 and outputs an analog pulse wave signal M. Here, while the LED 20 is connected to a light amount control unit 118 that automatically changes the light amount via the wiring 5, the pulse wave detection amplifier 109 has a gain control unit 119a that automatically changes the gain, A time constant control unit 119b for changing the time constant of a filter amplifier (not shown) constituting the pulse wave detection filter / amplifier 109 is connected. An A / D converter (A / D) 110 connected as shown in the figure converts the analog signals M and P into digital data D.

  A control unit (CPU) 111 performs main control of the photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer. The CPU 111 has an adjustment pressure register 111a that stores the adjustment pressure. Details of this control will be described later according to the flowchart of FIG. 4 and the operation waveform diagram of FIG.

  The ROM 112 stores a later-described control program executed by the CPU 111. The RAM 113 includes a data memory, an image memory, and the like. A liquid crystal display (LCD) 114 displays the contents of the image memory. The operation unit 116 is used when a measurement start command, an adjustment pressure value, or the like is set by a user operation. The buzzer 115 informs the user that the apparatus has sensed that the key in the operation unit 116 has been pressed, the measurement has been completed, or the like. In this example, the adjustment pressure register 111 a is provided in the CPU 111, but an adjustment pressure storage unit may be provided in the RAM 113.

  Further, the display panel 14 of the LCD uses a dot matrix type display panel, so that various information (for example, characters, figures, signal waveforms, etc.) can be displayed. The operation unit 116 has a measurement start switch (ST) and keys for inputting a cuff pressure value and the like. Further, a power supply unit 121 and a power switch (not shown) that can replace the battery are further provided.

  Further, the apparatus main body 2 is provided with an external communication unit connected to a connector (not shown) or a mobile phone, and by connecting to the personal computer, an operation control parameter setting unit, a data clear unit, a data storage unit, Various data can be exchanged between them and blood pressure measurement results can be saved.

  FIG. 3 is an entity layout diagram of the apparatus main body 2 of FIG. 2 and is a view with the lid removed. In this figure, the same reference numerals are given to the components or parts already described, and the description is omitted. The apparatus body 2 has a vertical dimension of about 120 mm, a width dimension of about 80 mm, and a thickness dimension of 27 mm. The weight is 180 grams. In this way, by making it as small and light as possible, even if it is always carried, it does not interfere with daily life.

  In addition, the electronic components that control each control described above are mounted on a substrate 140 having a mounting area that occupies the internal space. On the other hand, the pressure pump 108, the condenser tank 107, the fine exhaust valve 105, and the quick exhaust valve 104 are connected to the integrally formed pipe 4 as described above, and have a mutual arrangement relationship as shown in the figure. The power supply unit 121 of four AAA batteries, which can be exchanged, can be provided. In this way, the limited internal space can be effectively used. In addition, rechargeable secondary batteries that can be used repeatedly and commercially available AAA batteries can be easily replaced by opening and closing a lid (not shown).

<Operation of photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer>
Next, the operation of the ear sphygmomanometer 1 as the photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer according to the present embodiment will be described below. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining measurement processing of the ear-type sphygmomanometer (photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer) 1. In this figure, when the apparatus is turned on by a power switch, self-initial diagnosis processing (not shown) is first performed to initialize the apparatus. Thereafter, the process is started by pressing the measurement start switch.

  In step S101, the cuff pressure P is read, and in step S102, it is determined whether or not the residual pressure of the cuff 1 is within a specified value. If the residual pressure exceeds the specified value, “residual pressure error” is displayed on the LCD 114 in step S123. If the residual pressure is within the specified value, a cuff pressure value (for example, a value larger than the maximum blood pressure value of 120 to 210 mmHg) is set using the operation unit 118 in step S103, and the light amount and gain are set to predetermined values in step S104. Set to value.

  When the setting of the pressurization value and the light quantity / gain is completed, the quick exhaust valve 104 and the fine exhaust valve 105 are closed in steps S105 and S106. In step S107, driving of the pressure pump 3 is started and pressurization (pressure increase) is started. This is the start of the measurement process during pressurization, and the cuff pressure starts increasing at a constant speed (for example, 2 to 3 mmHg / sec). During this time, data processing by each functional block is performed in step S108, and the measurement of the minimum blood pressure and the maximum blood pressure is performed. When the maximum blood pressure is measured (S109), the drive of the pressurizing pump 103 is stopped in step S112.

  In step S110, it is determined whether or not the cuff pressure is higher than the pressure value U set in S103. If P> U, it is still in the normal measurement range, so measurement is continued. On the other hand, when P> U, the cuff pressure is already higher than the set value, so “measurement error” is displayed on the LCD 114 in step S111. If necessary, detailed information such as “signal abnormality during pressurization” is additionally displayed. In step S113, it is determined whether or not the signal level of the pulse wave signal obtained at the time of pressurization is within a predetermined level range for enabling high-precision blood pressure measurement. If it is determined that it is within the predetermined range, the measured maximum blood pressure value and minimum blood pressure value are displayed on the LCD 114 in step S120, and a tone signal is sent to the buzzer 115 in step S121.

  If it is determined in step S113 that it is not within the predetermined range, the light amount and gain are adjusted based on the signal level of the pulse wave signal in step S114. In step S114, for example, the following processing is performed. When the pulse wave carrier wave is below the standard value (20 to 40% of the full scale of the A / D converter 110), it is checked whether or not the step light amount is maximum. If not, the light amount control unit 118 is controlled. Increase the amount of light, and increase the gain when the amount of light is maximum. On the other hand, if the carrier level is equal to or higher than the standard value, it is checked whether or not the gain is minimum. If not, the gain control unit 119a performs feedback control to lower the gain. If it is minimum, decrease the light intensity.

  When the adjustment of the light amount / gain is completed, the fine exhaust valve 105 is opened in step S115. This is the start of the measurement process during pressure reduction (pressure reduction), and the cuff pressure starts to decrease at a constant speed (for example, 2 to 3 mmHg / sec). During this time, data processing by each functional block is performed in step S116, and the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure are measured. In step S117, it is determined whether or not a minimum blood pressure value is detected during decompression. If not detected, continue measurement. In step S118, it is determined whether or not the cuff pressure is lower than a predetermined value L (for example, 40 mmHg). If P <L, it is still in the normal measurement range, and the flow returns to step S116. On the other hand, when P <L, the cuff pressure is already lower than the normal measurement range, so “measurement error” is displayed on the LCD 114 in step S119. If necessary, display detailed information such as “signal anomaly during decompression”.

  When the measurement is completed in the determination in step S117, the measurement process is completed in the normal measurement range, and the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value measured are displayed on the LCD 14 in step S120, and the tone signal is displayed to the buzzer 115 in step S121. Send. Preferably, different tone signals are sent after normal termination and abnormal termination. In step S122, the remaining air in the cuff 6 is quickly exhausted and the next measurement start is awaited.

<Blood pressure calculation operation>
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the correlation between the cuff pressure and the pulse wave signal. In this figure, the waveforms in the time from the start of measurement during pressurization (step S108) to the end of measurement during depressurization (step S116) are respectively shown.

  The blood pressure measurement is generally performed as follows for the graph of FIG. That is, in the measurement at the time of pressurization, the cuff pressure at the point (a) at which the change in the magnitude of the pulse wave signal has started is set as the minimum blood pressure, and the cuff pressure at the time point (b) when the pulse wave signal disappears is set as the maximum blood pressure. On the other hand, the blood pressure measurement at the time of decompression is opposite to the blood pressure measurement at the time of pressurization. The cuff pressure is the minimum blood pressure.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which reflected light from blood in a blood vessel is detected has been described. Alternatively, transmitted light may be detected instead.

  As described above, the photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer according to the present embodiment makes it possible to adjust the signal level so that the signal level of the pulse wave signal is within a predetermined standard range, and at the same time enables highly accurate measurement, By making it possible to shorten the blood pressure measurement time, it is possible to provide a photoelectric volumetric pulse wave sphygmomanometer that can reduce the physical burden on the user due to the cuff pressure. In addition, since the tragus and its peripheral part are insensitive to pain, there is also an effect that pain due to cuff pressure can be reduced, and this also has an effect that it can be easily applied to continuous measurement of blood pressure. .

  The blood pressure measurement device described above detects a pulse wave using the light emitting element 20 and the light receiving element 21, but includes a cuff that compresses pressure on the tragus, and changes the pressure of the pulsation caused by the blood vessel on the living body surface with the cuff. The pulse wave can also be detected by capturing as That is, a pulsation obtained from a living body is converted into a change in pressure in the cuff by a cuff to which pressure is applied, and a pressure change in the cuff is detected by a pressure detection device. Even with such a configuration, a pulse wave of a living body can be detected. In addition, a small microphone is installed in the cuff part in contact with the living body, Korotkoff sound generated when a part of the living body is compressed with the cuff is detected, and blood pressure is measured based on the occurrence or disappearance of the Korotkoff sound above a predetermined level You may make it do.

<Configuration of holding means for holding inner cuff and outer cuff>
Next, FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing the blood pressure measuring part 3 of the ear sphygmomanometer 1 shown in FIG. It is an external appearance perspective view of 6 (a). In this figure, components and components already described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. First, the inner cuff assembly 6 set in the ear canal inside the tragus is composed of the LED 20 and the phototransistor. 21 and a cuff bag body 22 fixed at one end of the first holding member 13 having a flow path 4 a communicating with the pipe 4 using an O-ring 24. Further, the outer cuff assembly 7 positioned outside the tragus is similarly used with an O-ring 24 for a member communicating with a freely bent pipe 4b connected to a T-shaped pipe 12 branched from the pipe 4. A fixed cuff bag body 23 is provided. Each of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 has basically the same shape, and an oval shape or an oval shape can be used in addition to a circular shape as will be described later. The cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 are made of, for example, silicon rubber, and are fixed as shown in the figure so as to be airtight with an O-ring 24.

  On the other hand, the first holding member 13 is formed with an extending portion that is at right angles as shown in the figure, and the second holding member 14 is rotated via the second adjusting screw 19 at the end of the extending portion. It is provided freely and fixably. Further, a third holding member 15 is provided to the second holding member 14 via a spacer 17 so as to be rotatable and fixable by a first adjustment screw 18.

  The outer cuff assembly 7 is provided so as to be able to swing by a clamping width adjusting screw 11 which is a clamping width adjusting part having a ball bearing part 11a formed at the tip.

  6B, first, the inner cuff assembly 6 is set in the ear canal and the second adjustment screw 19 is loosened with a tool such as a precision Phillips screwdriver, and then the second holding member 14 is used. Is moved and adjusted in the direction of the arrow D2 in the drawing so that the tragus is sandwiched between the outer cuff assembly 7 and the second adjusting screw 19 is tightened and fixed.

  Thereafter, the first adjustment screw 18 is similarly loosened using a Phillips screwdriver or the like, and the third holding member 15 is rotated with respect to the second holding member 14 in the direction of the arrow D3 in the drawing, whereby the inner cuff assembly. After the outer cuff assembly 7 is opposed to 6 as much as possible, the first adjusting screw 18 is tightened and fixed so as to be immobile. Finally, the clamping width adjusting screw 11 is rotated in the forward direction or the reverse direction to adjust the clamping width to the optimum state and finish the adjustment.

  Since the outer cuff assembly 7 can be moved three-dimensionally so as to be able to swing by the ball bearing portion, the tragus 221 having a large solid difference can be securely clamped. The cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 are expanded by the air pressure relayed from the pressurizing pump 108 through the condenser tank 107, but are contracted when the pressure is reduced, and these operations are repeated. Yes.

  Here, in the case where the tragus is used as a measurement site, in order to perform accurate blood pressure measurement, as an important function of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23, it is possible to pressurize and depressurize the tragus as described above. In addition, the inventors note that it is important that the inner and outer cuffs are evenly contacted with the inner and outer surfaces of the tragus in a flat state and that the inner and outer cuffs are held opposite to each other. did. The inner and outer cuffs can be held opposite to each other by the holding means which can be freely adjusted three-dimensionally as described above, but the inner and outer cuffs are flat with respect to the inner and outer surfaces of the tragus. It was difficult to make contact evenly.

  Therefore, as a result of repeated trial and error with respect to the shape in which the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 can be evenly contacted with the inner and outer surfaces of the tragus, it was confirmed that the shape described later is the best.

<Configuration of cuff bag bodies 22, 23>
7A is a plan view of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23, FIG. 7B is a front view of the cuff bag body, and FIG. 7C is a bottom view of the cuff bag body. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

  In FIG. 8, the cuff bag body 22 is described as a representative example. The cuff bag body 22 is provided in the airtight state with respect to the first holding member 13 shown in FIG. 6A as the cuff member. The cuff bag body 22 includes a cylindrical portion 22b that is elastically deformed between a pressurized state and a reduced pressure state, and a flat contact surface 25 that extends from the cylindrical portion 22b and contacts the tragus. It is integrally formed as a hat shape having a lid portion 22a. Further, the edge portion of the opening 28 is integrally formed as a flange portion 26. Further, by setting the first dimension t1 of the thickness of the lid portion 22a to be larger than the second dimension t2 of the thickness of the cylindrical portion 22b, the contact surface 25 is always flat with respect to the tragus. It is comprised so that it can contact.

  The lid portion 22a is formed in a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or an oval shape close to the track of the stadium. Similarly, the cylindrical portion 22b is also formed in a circular cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, or an elliptical cylindrical shape, and a cuff member. Is formed in a shape matching these cylindrical portions.

  Further, the cylindrical portion 22b is formed as a bellows body 27 having one or more desirably two stepped portions, and when the lid portion is circular, the diameter dimension D1 is in the range of 15 to 5 mm, desirably about 8 mm, the first dimension t1 is in the range of 0.4 to 1 mm, preferably about 0.6 mm, and the second dimension t2 is set to 0.1 to 0.8 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm. Good.

  9A is a plan view of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23, FIG. 9B is a front view of the cuff bag body, FIG. 9C is a right side view of the cuff bag body, and FIG. ) Is a bottom view of the cuff bag body. 10 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 9 (a), and FIG. 10 (b) is a view corresponding to the cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. 9 (a). is there.

  In this figure, when the lid portions of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 are elliptical or oval, the major axis dimension D2 is in the range of 15 to 5 mm, preferably about 10 mm, and the minor axis dimension D1 is 10 to 10. The range is 4 mm, preferably about 8 mm.

  In FIG. 10A, the first dimension t1 is in the range of 0.4 to 1 mm, preferably about 0.6 mm, and the second dimension t2 is 0.1 to 0.8 mm, preferably about 0.00. It is good to set to 3 mm.

  Further, the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 are integrally formed from an elastic material having a Shore hardness of 30 to 60, preferably about 50, including silicon rubber, natural rubber, and a predetermined synthetic resin.

  As described above, the first dimension t1 of the thickness of the cap portions of the cap-shaped cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 having the flat contact surface that contacts the tragus 221 is set to the thickness of the tube portion. By making it larger than the second dimension t2, at the time of pressurization, the contact surface 25 can move to the pressurization position while maintaining the flat state. Further, the contact surface 25 can be moved to the decompression position while maintaining the flat state even during decompression. Further, by forming the cylindrical portion of the cuff bag body on the bellows body 27, the contact surface 25 can be moved substantially in parallel.

  As described above, when blood pressure is measured periodically and at regular intervals using the upper arm and fingers, various problems occur. The blood pressure can be measured accurately.

  Thus, in order to continuously and accurately measure blood pressure with a blood pressure measurement device using the tragus as a blood pressure measurement site, pressurized air is sent to each cuff by a battery-driven pressure pump. If a driven pressurizing pump is used, the battery is consumed very much, so that measurement over a long period of time becomes impossible. Therefore, a manual pressurizing pump may be used. The fluid medium to be pressurized includes various fluids. In the case of a gas, there is air, and in the case of a liquid, there are water, fats and oils including silicon oil, alcohol, and the like, which are appropriately selected.

<Other embodiments>
In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, light is applied to the blood flow of the blood vessel only on one side (inside the inner cuff assembly 6) of the pair of cuffs configured to sandwich the tragus 221. An irradiation part (LED 20) and a light receiving part (phototransistor 21) for detecting reflected light from the bloodstream are provided.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an ear sphygmomanometer 1 as a photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer according to another embodiment. In this figure, the same reference numerals are given to the components or parts already described, and the description thereof is omitted. When both the inner cuff assembly 6 and the outer assembly 7 for sandwiching the tragus 221 are disposed, LEDs 20a and 20a and phototransistors 21a and 21b serving as light receiving portions for detecting reflected light are incorporated.

  Thus, a sensor may be provided in the inner and outer cuffs so that the blood pressure on the back side and front side of the tragus can be measured simultaneously. With this configuration, the cuff on one side compresses the blood vessels (arterioles) on the back side of the outer ear and its peripheral part, and the cuff on the other side has a superficial temporal artery on the front side of the outer ear and its peripheral part or The branch vessel can be compressed.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a blood pressure measurement result by simultaneous measurement of the inner and outer cuffs. As shown in the figure, as the pressurization curve W1 is decreased, the pulse wave signal K1 of the inner cuff 6 changes and the pulse wave signal K2 of the outer cuff 7 changes. As shown in the figure, the amplitude of the pulse wave signal K1 starts to change greatly at a point earlier than the waveform of the pulse wave signal K2. By using both of the pulse wave signals that change in this way, it is possible to measure the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure with higher accuracy.

  In addition, there are the following reasons for measuring the blood pressure of the outer ear and its peripheral part (more specifically, the tragus and the peripheral part) in this way.

  That is, it is known that the tragus and its surrounding blood vessels (arterioles) are close to blood vessels in the brain, and it is thought that changes in blood pressure originating in the brain can be measured. On the other hand, in addition to blood vessels (arterioles) present in the cartilage portion (mainly tragus) of the ear, an artery (superficial temporal artery) directly connected to the heart is also located in the vicinity of the tragus. Therefore, there is an advantage that blood pressure having different information (that is, blood pressure derived from the brain and blood pressure derived from the heart) can be measured simultaneously with a small device in the periphery of the tragus. The photoelectric volume pulse wave sphygmomanometer of the present embodiment makes it possible to set the signal level of the pulse wave signal so that it falls within a predetermined standard range, and it is possible to measure blood pressure with high accuracy in the outer ear periphery. At the same time, by making it possible to shorten the blood pressure measurement time, it is possible to reduce the physical burden on the user due to the cuff pressure.

<Configuration of fitting member and assembly method>
The cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 can be configured to withstand pressurization and decompression by fixing them in an airtight state with respect to the cuff member using an O-ring 24 as shown in FIG. It is difficult to achieve such a completed state because both the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 and the O-ring are elastic bodies. Therefore, it is preferable to improve the airtightness and the assembly workability by snapping the cuff bag body to the cuff member using the fitting member.

  FIG. 13 (a) is an exploded view showing how the cuff bag bodies 22, 23 are attached to the cuff member 30, and FIG. 13 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the cuff assembly after completion.

  In this figure, the same reference numerals are given to the components or parts already described, and the description thereof is omitted. First, the LED 20 and the phototransistor 21 indicated by broken lines are accurately fixed at predetermined positions in the sensor assembly 31. The lead wire extends downward as shown in the figure, and is connected to the wiring 5. The cuff member 30 is injection-molded using a resin material, and is provided with an attachment base 30d of the sensor assembly 31, and the periphery of the base 30d communicates with the flow path 30a. The flow path 30a is formed as a hollow part of the pipe part 30b, and the pipe 4 is connected to the pipe part 30b as shown in the figure.

  The cuff member 30 is formed with an outer peripheral surface 35 that matches the size of the small-diameter portion 44a of the inner peripheral surface 44 of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23, or has a slightly larger size, and a flange 33 is formed below the outer peripheral surface 35. It is formed as shown in the figure, and a groove 34 serving as one locking portion is formed below the flange 33.

  Further, a flange portion 26 is integrally formed outward from the edge portion of the opening portion 28 of the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23.

  On the other hand, in the fitting member 38, the other locking portion 38d that locks against one locking portion formed on the cuff member 30 is formed at the end of the inclined surface 38c, and the flange portion 26 is pressed. The pressing surface 38a is integrally formed.

  In the above configuration, after the cuff bag bodies 22 and 23 are first moved in the arrow direction with respect to the cuff member 30, the inner peripheral surface 44a is press-fitted into the outer peripheral surface 35 or lightly inserted, and then the fitting member 38 is moved. Next, when the press-fitting is performed, the flange portion 26 is fixed in a compressed state by the fitting member 38 as illustrated in FIG.

  Since it can be completed as described above, pressurization and decompression can be performed through the flow path 30a. Further, in FIG. 13B, the inner peripheral surface 30c of the cuff member 30 has a larger dimensional relationship than the outer peripheral surface of the sensor assembly 31 as shown in the figure, so that pressure and pressure reduction can be performed through these gaps. It becomes. Further, in FIG. 13B, since the small substrate 41 connected to the lead wire of each element is provided, the wiring work can be simplified.

  Next, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a cuff assembly according to another embodiment. In this figure, components or components already described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. After 31 is inserted from below the through hole 30 f formed in the cuff member 30, the edge of the small substrate 41 is fitted to the claw 30 k of the cuff member 30 and fixed in an immobile state. In addition, the fitting member 38 is configured such that a part of the inner peripheral surface has a mountain shape and can be fitted into a valley portion of the cuff member. Further, a sealing agent 42 is laid on the joint surface between the flange portion and the cuff member 30 to ensure further airtightness.

  According to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 14, the inside of the cuff bag body 22 is pressurized, so that the bellows portion 27 extends so that the contact surface 25 can move in parallel from the position illustrated by the solid line to the position illustrated by the broken line. When the inside is depressurized, it can return to the position indicated by the solid line again.

<Integrated configuration of piping 4 and wiring 5>
Next, in FIG. 1, the piping 4 and the wiring 5 are provided separately, but this is inconvenient because they are entangled with each other in use. On the other hand, the pipe 4 is formed so that a hollow portion serving as a flow path for a fluid containing air is formed along the longitudinal direction, so that the wiring 5 is not exposed to the outside by passing the wiring 5 through the hollow portion. can do. However, with such a configuration, a seal portion for securing airtightness is required at a portion where the wiring 5 is pulled out of the pipe 4. However, since the pipe 4 is freely bent, it is difficult to ensure the sealing performance, and the long term Leave a problem with endurance. In addition, the assembly work will be hindered.

  In view of this, various studies have been made on configurations that can simultaneously improve the sealing performance and increase the working efficiency when the pipe 4 and the wiring 5 are integrated.

  As a result of the examination, the wirings 5 and 5 are laid along the longitudinal direction on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 4 as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 15, and the wirings 5 and 5 and the pipe 4 are expanded and contracted. It was concluded that it is best to cover and integrate with the covering member 9 having the property.

  Specifically, the wiring 5 connected to the light emitting element and the light receiving element is stranded wires 5a and 5b connected from the light emitting element and the light receiving element, respectively, and the pipe 4 is made of silicon rubber, natural rubber, The air pipe is formed into a hollow shape as shown in the figure using an elastic material containing a predetermined synthetic resin, and the covering member 9 is formed in a mesh shape from a fibrous body such as nylon having a predetermined count. Further, the coating member 9 is configured to be subjected to a metal coating treatment for improving noise resistance as necessary, and further covered with a cover (not shown).

  When the pipe 4 and the wiring 5 are integrated as described above, for example, when one of them is gripped in FIG. Furthermore, since the wiring 5 can be directly drawn out from the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 4 as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, no seal member is required. Moreover, when metal processing is given to the covering member 9, noise resistance can be further improved.

  As described above, when blood pressure is measured periodically and at regular intervals using the upper arm and fingers, various problems occur. The blood pressure can be measured accurately.

It is an external appearance perspective view which shows a mode that the ear-type blood pressure meter 1 which is one Embodiment of this invention was made into the use condition with respect to an auricle. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the ear-type blood pressure meter 1 of FIG. FIG. 2 is an entity layout diagram of the apparatus main body 2 of FIG. 1. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the ear blood pressure monitor 1. It is a wave form diagram of blood pressure measurement. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the ear-type blood pressure meter 1 of another embodiment. (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the blood pressure measuring unit 3 of the ear sphygmomanometer 1 shown in FIG. 1 after the main part is worn, and (b) is an external perspective view of (a). is there. (a) is a plan view of the cuff bag bodies 22, 23, (b) is a front view of the cuff bag body, and (c) is a bottom view of the cuff bag body. It is XX arrow directional cross-sectional view of Fig.8 (a). (a) is a plan view of the cuff bag bodies 22, 23, (b) is a front view of the cuff bag body, (c) is a right side view of the cuff bag body, and (d) is a bottom view of the cuff bag body. 10A is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 10A, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. It is a figure which shows the blood-pressure measurement result by the internal / external cuff simultaneous measurement. (A) is the exploded view which showed a mode that the cuff bag body was attached to a cuff member, (b) is principal part sectional drawing of the cuff assembly after completion. It is principal part sectional drawing of the cuff assembly of another embodiment. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows a mode that wiring and piping were integrated.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ear type blood pressure monitor 2 Apparatus main body 3 Wearing part 4 Piping 5 Wiring (signal and power supply line)
6 Inner cuff assembly 7 First outer cuff assembly 8 Second outer cuff assembly 9 Cover member 10 Holding member 11 Holding width adjusting screw 12 Branch pipe 13 First holding member 14 Second holding member 15 Third holding member 17 Spacer 18 First adjusting screw 19 Second adjusting screw 20 Light emitting element (LED)
21 Light receiving element (phototransistor)
22, 23 Cuff bag body 24 O-ring 25 Contact surface 26 Flange part 27 Bellows part 28 Opening part 38 Fitting member 42 Sealing agent

Claims (3)

An inner cuff inserted into the ear canal and an outer cuff located outside the tragus;
Holding means for holding the inner cuff and the outer cuff;
A pulse wave detecting means built in at least one of the inner cuff or the outer cuff and detecting a pulse wave signal from blood flowing in the blood vessel;
Pressurizing and depressurizing means for pressurizing and depressurizing the inner cuff and the outer cuff with a fluid containing air after pinching the tragus with the inner cuff and the outer cuff;
A pipe connected and bent between the inner cuff, the outer cuff and the pressurizing and depressurizing means for sending the fluid;
Pressure detecting means connected to the pipe for detecting the pressure of the inner cuff and the outer cuff;
Blood pressure measurement control means for measuring a blood pressure value from the pulse wave signal;
In order to send the pulse wave signal to the blood pressure measurement control means, the wiring connected between the pulse wave detection means and the blood pressure measurement control means,
The pulse wave detecting means is an optical type comprising a light emitting element and a light receiving element for obtaining a signal obtained from absorption and reflection of light by blood flowing in a blood vessel,
The wiring is a stranded wire connected from each of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and is laid along the longitudinal direction on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe,
The pipe is molded using an elastic material containing silicon rubber, natural rubber, and a predetermined synthetic resin,
The blood pressure measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wiring and the pipe are integrated by being covered with a stretchable covering member formed in a mesh shape from a fibrous body having a predetermined count . The blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the coating member is subjected to a metal coating process for improving noise resistance. The pressure increasing / decreasing means and the blood pressure measurement control means are built in the apparatus body,
The blood pressure measurement device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the inner cuff and the holding means holding the outer cuff are connected by the integrated pipe and the wiring.

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