JP4769030B2 - Curved surface construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a curved surface construction method for attaching a building base material to a curved housing .

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a foundation material for construction, a waterproof layer is provided on the surface of plywood or fiberboard, and an uneven layer made of latex cement containing an inorganic aggregate is provided thereon (Patent Documents 1 to 3 below). ).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-18667 Japanese Patent Publication No.59-12825 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-18510

  However, if these building base materials are used carelessly as the base material for the curved inner and outer walls of a building, this building base material does not bend into a curved shape, or even if it is bent, it will peel off and become a curved surface. Construction was not possible.

  A problem to be solved by the present invention is that a curved construction structure is obtained in which a building base material is bent along a curved body (hereinafter referred to as a “curved curved body”) formed in a curved shape on a building wall. .

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a curved casing having an upper bending member, a lower bending member, and a plurality of studs connecting the bending members, and has a thickness of 4 to 12 mm and an average specific gravity of 0. Curved surface to obtain a curved construction structure by attaching a building base material consisting of a fiberboard of .5 to 0.9, a waterproof layer provided on the surface of the fiberboard, and an uneven layer provided on the waterproof layer. It is a construction method, and one end in the width direction of the building base material is placed between the upper bending member and the lower bending member on the stud and fixed to the stud, the upper bending member, and the lower bending member, respectively. The width direction center of the building base material is fixed to the corresponding intermediate pillar and the upper bending member and the lower bending member, respectively, and the other width direction other end of the building base material is fixed on the stud. And held against between the Oite upper bending member and a lower bending member, characterized in that respectively fixed to these studs and the upper bending member and a lower bending member.

The thickness of the fiberboard used as the substrate in the building base material used in the present invention is 4 to 12 mm, and the average specific gravity of the fiberboard is 0.5 to 0.9. Since it is generally considered that there is a positive correlation between specific gravity and hardness, the hardness of the fiberboard is a limited size corresponding to an average specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.9. Further, by limiting the thickness to 4 to 12 mm, the repulsive force when bending the building base material is limited to be smaller than the fixing force when fixing with a fixing tool such as a nail or screw (wood screw). The fiberboard can be fixed with a fixing tool such as a nail or a screw while bending the fiberboard along the curved casing. Furthermore, since the hardness of the fiberboard is limited, the nailing or screwing performance when fixing the building base material along the curved housing is good.

  Fiberboards with a thickness of less than 4 mm are easy to bend from the viewpoint of bending because the plate thickness is thin, but the rigidity of the base material for construction is insufficient, so the weight of cement mortar to be applied to this surface It cannot be fully supported and may cause strain. If the fiberboard thickness exceeds 12 mm, it is difficult to bend because the plate thickness is thick, and the handling is not good because the weight is large, and the radius of curvature when bent becomes large and cannot be bent to the desired radius of curvature. There is a fear. Therefore, the thickness of the fiberboard is preferably selected in the range of 4 to 12 mm.

  If the average specific gravity of the fiberboard is less than 0.5, the hardness considered to be positively correlated with the specific gravity is insufficient as a substrate and the strength as a wall material is insufficient. The weight of the mortar layer applied on the surface cannot be sufficiently supported, causing deformation. When the average specific gravity of the fiberboard exceeds 0.9, the hardness of the substrate is too large, the bendability is inferior, the weight of the substrate is increased, and the handleability is inferior. In addition, since the substrate is hard when fixed with a fixing tool such as a nail or a screw, the nail driving performance or screw screwing performance is poor. Therefore, the average specific gravity of the fiberboard is preferably selected in the range of 0.5 to 0.9.

Next, each requirement constituting the present invention will be described in more detail. The curved surface construction method of the present invention can be applied to obtain a curved surface construction structure on an outer wall or an inner wall of a building such as a wooden or steel frame house or store. The building foundation material in the curved construction structure is for forming a mortar layer by applying cement-based mortar to the uneven layer on the surface.

  Specifically, the building base material in the curved construction structure is used when the curved shape of the outer wall or the inner wall is formed along the curved housing. The structure of the curved casing is not particularly limited as long as it is formed into a desired curved surface and the building base material can be fixed with a fixing tool such as a nail or a screw. For example, the curved casing is provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and has a constant bending. The upper bending member (or trunk difference) and the lower bending member (or the base) formed on the radius, and a stud provided between the two bending members are formed.

  The fiberboard is a medium density fiber board (MDF) having a specific gravity of 0.35 or more manufactured by a dry process specified in JIS A5905, and a hard fiber board (HB) having a specific gravity of 0.80 or more manufactured by a wet process. Can be used by selecting those satisfying the requirements of thickness and average specific gravity mentioned above.

  Since the specific gravity of the fiberboard is high and the specific gravity is distributed from the non-permeable front and back to the center where the specific gravity is smaller than this, the average specific gravity is adopted as the specific gravity of the fiberboard. The average specific gravity is a value representing the ratio of the mass of the fiberboard to the mass of water (4 ° C.) equal in volume to the fiberboard in an air-dried state.

In order to easily form the fiberboard, it is preferable to reduce the specific gravity distribution when the average specific gravity is the same (to reduce the difference between the front and back specific gravity and the center specific gravity). Furthermore, regarding the relationship between the thickness of the fiberboard used and the average specific gravity, the smaller the thickness, the larger the average specific gravity. This is because warpage tends to occur when the thickness is reduced, so that the average specific gravity is increased to make it harder and less likely to warp. Conversely, the average specific gravity is decreased as the thickness increases. This is because when the thickness is increased, it becomes difficult to bend, so the average specific gravity is reduced to make it soft and easy to bend.

  As a numerical example formed by reducing the specific gravity distribution of the fiberboard and considering the relationship between the thickness and the average specific gravity, for example, the thickness of the fiberboard is 5 levels of 4, 5.5, 7, 9, 12 mm The average specific gravity is 0.80, 0.70, 0.75, 0.70, and 0.60, respectively. Moreover, the specific gravity of front and back is 0.85, 0.78, 0.84, 0.80, and 0.70, respectively. Further, the difference between the specific gravity of the front and back and the specific gravity of the center is less than 0.10.

  When the architectural base material of the present invention is used as an architectural base plate for a wall forming an outer wall, it is particularly preferable to use MDF as a substrate among fiberboards. The reason is as follows.

  Substrates for building foundation boards used on the outer walls due to condensation water that occurs inside the walls due to temperature differences between the outdoor and indoor sides of the building walls, rainwater that enters from the outside, and sunlight on the outer wall The water content of fluctuates greatly, and this variation is repeated over a long period of time. In MDF, an adhesive is added to wood fibers that are being sent in the manufacturing process, and the contact between the wood fibers is three-dimensionally fixed with an adhesive, whereas hardboard is an adhesive. The wood fiber is molded in a state where the wood fibers are simply entangled with each other.

  For this reason, when the moisture content changes over a long period of time, the MDF has a small amount of contraction and expansion and is excellent in maintaining the initial state. Problems such as dry cracking and peeling of the waterproof layer and the uneven layer or swelling of the hard board substrate itself are likely to occur. For these reasons, it is preferable to use MDF among the fiberboards as the substrate of the building foundation board for the outer wall.

  When molding MDF, synthetic resin adhesives such as phenols, urethanes, melamines, urea / melamines and acrylics, and natural adhesives such as tannins are used alone or in any combination. Then, if necessary, a water-resistant sizing agent such as paraffin, wax, rosin, coumarone is added to obtain MDF that satisfies the above-mentioned requirements.

The waterproof layer is formed by uniformly applying a mixture of a synthetic resin emulsion and a synthetic rubber latex on the surface of a substrate with an application device such as a roll coater or a flow coater and drying the mixture. The application amount is, for example, 120 to 250 g / m ² , and the drying condition is, for example, 80 degrees for 5 to 10 minutes. Use acrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin as synthetic resin emulsion, and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), methyl methacrylate butyl rubber (MBR), chloroprene rubber (CR) as synthetic rubber latex. Can do.

  In addition, bituminous substances such as tar and asphalt, auxiliary agents such as extenders and dispersants such as clay, talc, calcium carbonate, perlite, and metal powder may be added to the waterproof layer. The waterproof layer is formed on at least the front surface of the substrate, and the waterproof layer can also be formed on the end and / or the back surface.

  The uneven layer has a waterproof layer surface with cement such as Portland cement and white cement, synthetic resin, latex or bituminous materials, aggregates such as calcium carbonate and silica sand, methylcellulose, surfactants, antifoaming agents, etc. It is formed by applying a mixture of the above-mentioned molding aid and water in a layer form with a coating device such as a roll coater and drying.

  The composition of the mixture forming the uneven layer is, for example, 150 parts of cement (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), 150 parts of aggregate, 40 parts of latex, 40 parts of emulsion, 0.3 part of methylcellulose, and 1 part of surfactant. The synthetic resin, latex, or bituminous material in the concavo-convex layer is preferably the same type as that used in the waterproof layer, so that intermolecular attractive force is generated between the material in the waterproof layer and the material in the concavo-convex layer. Can increase their adhesion strength.

  The formation of the unevenness is, for example, a mixture in an uncured state immediately after application of a meshing roll corresponding to the unevenness of the uneven layer to be formed or a net winding roll wound with a net corresponding to the unevenness on the surface of the waterproof layer. It can be formed by rolling on the coated surface. The height of the concavo-convex layer is about 2.5 mm at the maximum.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the curved construction structure bent along the curved-shaped housing | casing of a building wall, without producing peeling and a crack in the building base material is obtained.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a curved construction structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5, the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a curved wall having a curved construction structure according to the present invention. This curved wall is for an outer wall or an inner wall of a building, and the longitudinal direction of the building base material 2 is aligned with the curved casing 12 in the vertical direction and is bent in the short direction and fixed with nails or screws 18. Is formed. A mortar layer is formed on the surface of the concavo-convex layer of the fixed building base material 2 by applying mortar (not shown). The mortar layer is a cement-based mortar layer obtained by kneading cement, sand, latex and water, for example, and has a thickness of about 10 mm.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the curved housing 12 used in FIG. The curved housing 12 is formed in advance so as to have a desired curved surface, for example, an upper bending member 14 and a lower bending member 16 that are bent so as to have a constant radius, and a plurality of studs 20 that connect the two members. It is formed from the stud 24. The intermediate pillars 20 and the intermediate pillars 24 are alternately provided, but the intermediate pillars 20 are provided at a connection portion (joint portion) of the building base material 2, and the intermediate pillars 24 are provided at a portion that is not a connection portion of the building base material 2.

  The front side surfaces of the upper bending member 14 and the lower bending member 16 and the front side surfaces of the plurality of intermediate pillars 20 and 24 are flush with each other, so that the building base material 2 (not shown) is in close contact. The interval between the spacer 20 and the spacer 24 is 455 mm (500 mm or less in the meter module). The cross section of the stud 20 used for the connecting portion of the building base material 2 is 45 × 10 5 mm or more, and the cross section of the stud 24 is 30 × 10 5 mm or more.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the building base material used in FIG. The architectural base material 2 includes an MDF (fiberboard) 4 used as a substrate, a waterproof layer 6 provided on the surface of the MDF 4, and an uneven layer 8 provided on the waterproof layer 6. MDF4 has a thickness of 7 mm and an average specific gravity of 0.75. Further, the specific gravity of the surface layer is 0.84, and the difference between the specific gravity of the surface layer and the specific gravity of the center is 0.10 or less.

  The waterproof layer 6 is formed by uniformly applying a mixture of the above-described synthetic resin emulsion and synthetic rubber latex with a coating device such as a roll coater or a flow coater and drying the mixture. The uneven layer 8 is formed on the surface of the waterproof layer by cement such as Portland cement and white cement, synthetic resin, latex or bituminous material, aggregate such as calcium carbonate and silica sand, methylcellulose, surfactant and antifoaming agent. The mixture is formed by applying a mixture of a molding aid such as the above and water in a layer with a coating device such as a roll coater and drying. The height h of the concavo-convex layer is about 2 mm.

4A and 4B show a construction method of the curved wall in FIG. 2, wherein FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the main part in a state in which a building foundation material is started to be stretched on the curved housing, and FIG. The main part perspective view of the state which extended | stretched to the middle , (c) each shows the principal part perspective view of the state which finished the tension | tensile_strength base material on a curved-shaped housing.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, first, the center line of the stud 20 is placed on the curved pillar 20 between the upper bent member 14 and the lower bent member 16 with the left end of the building foundation material 2 facing up and down. 22 and fixed along the center line 22 with an N50 nail 18 or a screw having a length of 38 mm or more.

  Next, as shown in FIG.4 (b), it is the above with respect to the stud (not shown, code | symbol 24) used for the position corresponded to the upper bending member 14, the lower bending member 16, and the base material centerline 10 for construction. It is fixed in a U shape using the same nail or screw 18.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), the upper bent member 14, the lower bent member 16, and the pillar 20 corresponding to the right end of the building base material are formed into a U shape using the same nail or screw 18 as described above. Fix and form a curved surface. Incidentally, although the minimum radius of curvature depends on the thickness of the fiberboard used, it is about 2.4 m.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part for explaining a fixed pitch of the nail or screw in FIG. In the fixing of the building base material 2 shown in FIG. 4, the fixing pitch P ₁ of the nail or screw 18 in the vertical direction on the right end side and the left end side, the fixing pitch P ₂ of the nail or screw 18 on the center line 10 and the upper end side and the fixed pitch P ₃ in the lateral direction of the nail or screw 18 of the lower side are both set to about 75 mm.

  The effect | action of the curved construction structure which has the above structure is demonstrated using FIG. The thickness of the MDF 4 used as the substrate is 7 mm. Furthermore, since the average specific gravity of MDF4 is 0.75, and it is generally considered that there is a positive correlation between specific gravity and hardness, the hardness of this MDF4 has a limited size. The repulsive force when the base material 2 is bent is smaller than the fixing force when the base material 2 is fixed with the nail or the screw 18 and has a limited size. Further, since the hardness of the MDF 4 is limited, the nailing or screwing performance when fixing the building base material 2 to the curved housing 12 is good.

  Furthermore, since the specific gravity of the front and back of MDF4 is formed to 0.84, and the difference between the specific gravity of the front and back and the specific gravity of the center is less than 0.10, the specific gravity difference of MDF4 is small and easy to bend. Accordingly, a curved construction structure in which the building base material 2 is bent along the curved housing 12 of the building wall is obtained.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. For example, in the said embodiment, although the longitudinal direction of the building foundation material 2 was made to correspond to an up-down direction and it bent in the transversal direction, the short side direction of the building foundation material 2 was made to correspond to an up-down direction, and it was made into a longitudinal direction. It may be bent. In short, it goes without saying that various modifications can be made and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used as a curved surface construction method for obtaining a curved construction structure for inner and outer walls of buildings such as individual houses, apartment houses, and commercial buildings.

It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the curved wall which has the curved construction structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a curved housing used in FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing of the building | foundation base material used in FIG. The curved surface construction method for obtaining the curved wall of FIG. 1 is shown, (a) is a perspective view of the main part in a state in which a building foundation material is started to be stretched on the curved casing, and (b) is a building foundation material on the curved casing. The main part perspective view of the state which extended | stretched to the middle, (c) each shows the principal part perspective view of the state which finished the tension | tensile_strength base material for a curved housing. It is a principal part expansion perspective view explaining the fixed pitch of the nail or screw in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

2 Building material 4 MDF (fiberboard)
6 waterproof layer 8 uneven layer 10, 22 center line 12 curved housing (curved housing)
14 Upper bending member 16 Lower bending member 18 Nail or screw 20, 24

Claims (1)

A fiberboard having a thickness of 4 to 12 mm and an average specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.9 on a curved casing having an upper bending member, a lower bending member, and a plurality of studs connecting the bending members. And a curved surface construction method for obtaining a curved construction structure by attaching a construction base material comprising a waterproof layer provided on the surface of the fiberboard and an uneven layer provided on the waterproof layer, the construction base One end in the width direction of the material is placed between the upper bending member and the lower bending member on the stud, and fixed to the stud, the upper bending member, and the lower bending member, respectively, and then the width center of the building base material Are fixed with respect to the studs and the upper bent members and the lower bent members respectively corresponding thereto, and further, the other ends in the width direction of the building base material are arranged on the studs so that the upper bent members and the lower bent portions are fixed. Curved construction method characterized in that it held against between the members fixed respectively to these studs and the upper bending member and a lower bending member.

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